Multifunctional adjustable shutter energy-saving window integrating radiation refrigeration and heating

Abstract

The invention discloses a radiation refrigeration and heating integrated multifunctional energy-saving shutter adjusting window which comprises a glass window frame and further comprises a plurality of shutters, double-layer glass, a small servo motor, a transmission rod, a transmission belt and a bearing module, and the glass window frame is used for fixing the whole energy-saving window system. According to the invention, the structural design is reasonable, the double-effect functions of radiation refrigeration in summer and heat absorption in winter are realized by integrating the radiation refrigeration technology and the graphene heat absorption material, so that the energy efficiency of a building is improved, radiation refrigeration is realized through the high-performance radiation refrigeration layer with the reflectivity and the emissivity greater than 0.95, and the cooling requirement is met; heat absorption is achieved through the high-absorption-performance graphene coating with the solar spectrum band and infrared band absorption rate larger than 0.95, real-time adjustment of radiation refrigeration, heat absorption and lighting is dynamically achieved by adjusting the angle of the blind window, the blind window adapts to changes of different seasons and weather conditions, the indoor temperature and the lighting effect are further optimized, and the indoor temperature and the lighting effect are improved. Therefore, the purposes of improving thermal comfort and saving energy are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of building energy conservation, and in particular to a multifunctional adjustable shutter energy-saving window integrating radiation cooling and heating. Background Art

[0002] In the context of people's increasingly improved living standards, in order to create a comfortable indoor environment, the corresponding building energy consumption continues to increase. Under the pressure of natural resource scarcity and energy crisis, a series of building energy-saving technologies and functional materials are constantly being developed and created. Radiant cooling technology is widely used in various structures such as buildings, granaries, and electrical boxes because it can obtain cooling capacity without consuming any natural resources on the earth. Since the building energy consumption caused by the building window is one of the largest parts of the total building energy consumption, the radiant cooling technology is combined with the building window, and then integrated with heat-absorbing materials represented by graphene to achieve a dual-effect mode of radiant cooling in summer and heat absorption in winter, which can achieve the purpose of energy saving in different seasons.

[0003] Radiative cooling technology reduces the absorption of solar radiation bands (0.3 to 2.5 μm) through the high reflectivity of the surface of radiative cooling materials, and uses its high emissivity to radiate a large amount of long-wave infrared radiation to the low-temperature outer space through the atmospheric window (8 to 13 μm), thereby increasing its own heat loss and achieving radiative cooling or radiative cooling effects. The temperature of outer space is about 3 Kelvin, which is a natural cold source. Using radiative cooling technology to dissipate the heat of the earth into space can significantly reduce the heat stored on the earth's surface and alleviate the heat island effect. As a natural heat source, the sun can obtain a steady stream of heat using heat-absorbing materials such as graphene, which can be used to heat domestic water and buildings.

[0004] In the prior art, the reference application number is; 202110568392.1, and the application name is: an application document for a reversible phase-change shutter energy-saving window, which provides a reversible phase-change shutter energy-saving window, combines phase-change energy storage technology with glass windows to increase thermal inertia; expands seasonal adaptability by flipping the window to swap the high and low temperature paraffin positions; combines high-reflective coating technology with phase-change shutters to enhance summer heat insulation; and adjusts indoor lighting and radiation heat gain by adjusting the rotation angle of the phase-change shutters. The new glass window combines the above methods to make full use of solar energy to reduce energy consumption and improve room comfort. However, the following disadvantages still exist in the application document: 1. The summer cooling effect of the phase-change energy-saving window is significantly lower than that of the energy-saving window with integrated radiation refrigeration material. The phase-change material cannot reduce the surface temperature of the material below the ambient temperature, while the radiation refrigeration material can. Therefore, the energy-saving window with integrated radiation refrigeration material has significantly better summer cooling performance. 2. The phase-change material energy-saving window uses a temperature-sensitive phase-change material, which has a long thermal response time and cannot be adjusted in real time. 3. Energy-saving windows with integrated phase change materials are prone to leakage of liquid phase change materials due to aging problems when they are used for a long time, which may cause safety hazards, especially for building envelope structures such as windows that absorb more solar ultraviolet rays.

[0005] And, the reference application number is: 202410707768.6, and the application name is: an application document for an active heat-insulating hollow shutter energy-saving window, which utilizes the unique plasmon resonance effect of nanoparticles, the reflective characteristics of the Low-e coating, and the dynamic adjustment characteristics of the shutter plate to achieve the decoupling regulation of light / heat, and replaces the wooden or plastic plates in the traditional hollow shutters with new transparent plates with antimony tin oxide ATO-cesium tungsten bronze CWO / polyvinyl butyral PVB nano-laminated film and Low-e coating, which not only plays the heat insulation characteristics of ATO-CWO / PVB nano-laminated film and the reflective characteristics of the Low-e coating, but also retains the adjustable characteristics of the traditional hollow shutters, thereby achieving energy saving and comfort of buildings in extreme environments, and placing the new transparent shutters in the vacuum cavity to prevent convective heat exchange. It is particularly suitable for and meets the dynamic energy needs of lunar buildings at different times, reducing building energy. However, the application document still has the following shortcomings: 1. The invention only achieves the heat insulation effect in summer, and the heat insulation performance is significantly lower than that of radiant cooling energy-saving windows. 2. The problem that the shading blinds reduce the solar heat absorption of the building in winter is not solved. The invention increases the energy consumption of the building in winter and is only applicable to areas with warm climate and strong solar radiation throughout the year.

[0006] It can be seen that in the prior art, in order to reduce the energy consumption of building cooling, the use of heat-insulating reflective films can significantly reduce the building cooling load through the building windows. However, while the use of reflective insulation films to reduce the building's summer cooling load will increase the winter heat load. The phase change energy-saving windows made of phase change materials have a complex manufacturing process, and the summer cooling characteristics of phase change materials are significantly lower than those of radiant refrigeration materials. Therefore, as one of the weakest structures in building thermal insulation, building windows should fully consider the functional requirements in different seasons and weather conditions to achieve maximum energy-saving effects throughout the year. For this reason, we designed a multifunctional adjustable shutter energy-saving window that integrates radiant cooling and heating to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems existing in the prior art, and a multifunctional adjustable shutter energy-saving window integrating radiation cooling and heating is proposed. The dual-effect functions of radiation cooling in summer and heat absorption in winter are realized by integrating radiation cooling technology and graphene heat-absorbing materials to improve building energy efficiency. Radiative cooling is used for cooling needs through a high-performance radiation cooling layer with a reflectivity and emissivity greater than 0.95, and heat absorption is achieved through a high-absorption graphene coating with an absorptivity greater than 0.95 in the solar spectrum band and the infrared band. By adjusting the angle of the shutter, real-time adjustment of radiation cooling, heat absorption and lighting can be dynamically realized to adapt to changes in different seasons and weather conditions, further optimize indoor temperature and lighting effects, thereby achieving the goal of improving thermal comfort and energy saving.

[0008] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A multifunctional adjustable shutter energy-saving window integrating radiation cooling and heating, comprising a glass window frame, a plurality of shutters, double-layer glass, a small servo motor, a transmission rod, a transmission belt and a bearing module, wherein the glass window frame is used to fix the entire energy-saving window system, the double-layer glass is installed at the front and rear parts of the glass window frame, an intermediate cavity is formed between the double-layer glass, the shutters, the small servo motor, the transmission rod and the bearing module are installed in the intermediate cavity, the small servo motor drives the transmission rod to rotate, and the transmission belt realizes the synchronous rotation of the plurality of shutters, and each of the shutters is composed of a radiation cooling material layer, a heat conductive intermediate layer and a graphene heat absorbing material layer stacked in sequence.

[0009] Preferably, the front and rear layers of the double-glazed glass are ultra-clear glass, the interval between the two layers of glass is 8-15 cm, and an intermediate cavity is formed between the two layers of glass.

[0010] Preferably, a first gear is fixedly connected to the end of the output shaft of the small servo motor, and a second gear coaxially rotating therewith is sleeved on the side wall of the transmission rod, and the second gear is meshed with the first gear.

[0011] Preferably, the shutters are rotatable and adjustable through 360°.

[0012] Preferably, the working state of the small servo motor is controlled by remote control, and the rotation angle of the blinds is controlled by controlling the working time and state of the small servo motor.

[0013] Preferably, both end side walls of the shutter are provided with fixed shafts, the bearing module is rotatably connected to the inner side wall of the glass window frame, and the bearing module extends into the corresponding fixed shaft and rotates coaxially with the fixed shaft.

[0014] Preferably, the side walls of the bearing module and the transmission rod are sleeved with pulleys that rotate coaxially therewith, and the transmission belt is wound around the pulleys.

[0015] Preferably, the radiation cooling material layer of the louver has a graded porous structure.

[0016] Preferably, the thermally conductive intermediate layer is a metal sheet with high thermal conductivity.

[0017] Preferably, the graphene heat-absorbing material layer of the louver is prepared from graphene oxide nanosheets.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. This multifunctional adjustable energy-saving shutter window combines radiation cooling and heating. The shutters of the shutter energy-saving window system are composed of radiation cooling material, heat conductive layer, and graphene heat absorbing material stacked in sequence. Efficient heat conduction can be carried out between each layer to improve the energy efficiency of the shutter energy-saving window system in summer and winter. In summer, the shutters reflect solar radiation by adjusting the angle, reduce the heat entering the room, and reduce the cooling load; in winter, the graphene heat absorbing material of the shutter faces outward, absorbs solar heat and increases the indoor temperature, reducing the demand for heating. Through the rotation and adjustment of the shutters, users can flexibly adjust the indoor lighting and radiation heat gain, thereby improving the comfort of the building and reducing energy consumption such as air conditioning.

[0019] 2. This multifunctional adjustable shutter energy-saving window with radiation cooling and heating adopts an intelligent control system. It remotely controls a small servo motor to start adjusting the shutter angle to adapt to different seasons and weather conditions. The shutter rotation range of the shutter energy-saving window system is 0° to 360°, which can adapt to different seasons and weather conditions and can be adjusted arbitrarily, so that the radiation cooling material surface and the graphene heat absorption material surface can be radiated at any angle toward the indoor and outdoor areas for cooling and absorbing heat, providing a convenient operation experience and maximizing energy-saving effects. It is not only suitable for residential buildings, but can also be widely used in various types of buildings such as commercial and office buildings, which will help promote the development of green and low-energy buildings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a multifunctional adjustable shutter energy-saving window integrating radiation cooling and heating proposed by the present invention; Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the operation of the energy-saving shutter window in the summer radiation cooling mode in the embodiment; Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the operation of energy-saving louvered windows in the winter heat absorption mode in the embodiment; Figure 4 It is a flowchart of the small servo motor control and execution system in the embodiment; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the operation of the energy-saving shutter window when the radiant cooling effect is optimal in summer in the embodiment; Figure 6 Schematic diagram of adjustment angles of energy-saving louver windows for maximum heat absorption on the winter solstice in four cities in my country in some embodiments.

[0021] In the figure: 1. Glass window frame; 2. Shutters; 3. Double-layer glass; 4. Small servo motor; 5. Transmission rod; 6. Transmission belt; 7. Bearing module; 8. Radiative cooling material layer; 9. Heat-conducting middle layer; 10. Graphene heat-absorbing material layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0023] Reference Figure 1-Figure 6 A multifunctional adjustable shutter energy-saving window integrating radiation cooling and heating, comprising a glass window frame 1, a plurality of shutters 2, double-layer glass 3, a small servo motor 4, a transmission rod 5, a transmission belt 6 and a bearing module 7. The glass window frame 1 is used to fix the entire energy-saving window system. The double-layer glass 3 is installed on the front and rear parts of the glass window frame 1. The front and rear two layers of glass of the double-layer glass 3 are ultra-white glass, which has high transmittance characteristics for full-spectrum solar energy, and the interval between the two layers of glass is 8-15cm; An intermediate cavity is formed between the two layers of glass of the double-layer glass 3, and the shutter 2, the small servo motor 4, the transmission rod 5 and the bearing module 7 are installed in the intermediate cavity. The transmission rod 5 is rotatably connected between the inner side walls at both ends of the intermediate cavity to ensure its stability during rotation. The small servo motor 4 is installed at the inner bottom of the intermediate cavity. The small servo motor 4 drives the transmission rod 5 to rotate, and realizes the synchronous rotation of multiple shutters 2 through the transmission belt 6. The end of the output shaft of the small servo motor 4 is fixedly connected to the first gear, and the side wall of the transmission rod 5 is sleeved with a second gear that rotates coaxially with the transmission rod 5. The second gear is meshed with the first gear. When the small servo motor 4 drives the first gear to rotate, the transmission rod 5 can be rotated under the meshing action of the first gear and the second gear. The side walls at both ends of the louver 2 are provided with fixed shafts, and the bearing modules 7 are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the middle cavity. The bearing modules 7 extend into the corresponding fixed shaft and rotate coaxially with the fixed shaft. Specifically, the side walls of the fixed shaft are provided with polygonal sockets, and the bearing modules 7 are inserted into the polygonal sockets and adapted thereto, so that when the bearing modules 7 rotate, the corresponding louver 2 can be driven to rotate. The side walls of the bearing modules 7 and the transmission rod 5 are both provided with pulleys that rotate coaxially therewith, and the transmission belt 6 is wound around the pulleys, so that under the connection of the transmission belt 6, multiple bearing modules 7 can rotate synchronously with the transmission rod 5, thereby enabling multiple louvers 2 to rotate synchronously. Specifically, the side walls at both ends of multiple louvers 2 A fixed shaft is provided, and the inner side walls at both ends of the middle cavity are rotatably connected with multiple bearing modules 7, and the multiple bearing modules 7 extend into the fixed shafts on the corresponding side walls of the shutter 2, respectively. The multiple bearing modules 7 on each side of the shutter 2 and the transmission rod 5 are jointly transmitted through the transmission belt 6, so that the multiple shutters 2 can rotate stably and synchronously, that is, under the meshing action of the first gear and the second gear, the small servo motor 4 can drive the transmission rod 5 to rotate, and under the connection action of the transmission belt 6, the bearing module 7 can rotate synchronously with the transmission rod 5, driving the multiple shutters 2 to rotate synchronously and adjust their opening and closing angles. The shutter 2 can be rotated 360° to meet the needs of different opening angles; The working state of the small servo motor 4 is controlled by remote control. The rotation angle of the blind 2 is controlled by controlling the working time and state of the small servo motor 4. The small servo motor 4 includes a controller. The user can control the running state of the small servo motor 4 through the remote controller to realize the rotation of the blind 2. The speed of the small servo motor 4 is 100-2000 revolutions per minute. The rotation range of the blind assembly is 0° to 360°. The width of the blind 2 is 4-12 cm and the thickness is 5-15 mm. Figure 4 This is the operating principle diagram of the energy-saving shutter window system. The control personnel operate the remote control to send a signal to the small servo motor 4 according to seasonal climate changes and daily weather changes. The small servo motor 4 runs, driving the transmission rod 5 to rotate, and controls the shutter 2 to rotate to a specified angle through the transmission belt 6. The control personnel determines whether the shutter 2 has rotated to the required angle and chooses to keep the small servo motor 4 in working state or stop it.

[0024] Each louver 2 is composed of a radiation cooling material layer 8, a heat conductive intermediate layer 9, and a graphene heat absorbing material layer 10 stacked in sequence. The radiation cooling material layer 8 of the louver 2 can be prepared by polyvinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene, N-methylpyrrolidone, and deionized water. A hierarchical porous structure is formed by a phase inversion method, and has a radiation cooling performance with a reflectivity and an emissivity greater than 0.95. Copolymers such as polyvinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, and polar solutions can also be replaced by polyvinylidene fluoride, polymethyl methacrylate, acetone, dimethylformamide, etc. The radiation cooling material layer 8 of the blinds 2 of the blinds energy-saving window can also be made of metal oxides such as aluminum oxide and titanium dioxide and combined with high reflective substrates such as silver film and aluminum film. The form of the radiation cooling material layer 8 of the blinds 2 of the blinds energy-saving window is not limited to structures such as coatings, films and ceramics. The thermal conductive intermediate layer 9 is a metal sheet with high thermal conductivity, and can also be other organic or inorganic materials with high thermal conductivity. The graphene heat absorption material layer 10 of the blinds 2 can be prepared by graphene oxide nanosheets, and the absorption rate of the graphene heat absorption material layer 10 in the solar spectrum band and the infrared band is greater than 0.95.

[0025] The present invention can be explained by the following operation mode: The multifunctional adjustable shutter energy-saving window with integrated radiation cooling and heating, when in use, controls the working time and working state of the small servo motor 4 by remote control, and the small servo motor 4 drives the transmission rod 5 to rotate, and under the connection of the transmission belt 6, the bearing module 7 can rotate synchronously with the transmission rod 5, driving the multiple shutters 2 to rotate synchronously, adjusting the opening and closing angle, and the shutters 2 can be rotated 360° to meet the needs of different opening angles; When the radiation cooling material layer 8 faces outdoors, it is used to reflect solar radiation in summer and radiate heat outward in the infrared radiation band through high emissivity, thereby achieving heat insulation and indoor cooling; When the graphene heat-absorbing material layer 10 faces outdoors, it can absorb solar radiation heat in winter and transfer the heat to the radiation cooling material layer 8 through the heat-conducting intermediate layer 9. The high emissivity of the radiation cooling material layer 8 radiates heat into the room.

[0026] Example 1, operation mode of the shutter energy-saving window in the summer radiation cooling mode: refer to Figure 2When the shutter energy-saving window system enters the summer mode, the user controls the small servo motor 4 to operate through the remote control, drives the transmission rod 5 to rotate, and controls the shutter 2 to rotate to a specified angle through the transmission belt 6, so that the radiation cooling material layer 8 faces the outdoors, and adjusts the inclination angle of the shutter 2 to ensure that it can both efficiently reflect solar radiation and provide an appropriate amount of natural lighting according to the needs of the user. In the summer mode, the radiation cooling material layer 8 reflects a large amount of solar radiation toward the outdoors, reducing the radiation heat gain inside the building, thereby reducing the building's cooling load. In addition, in the summer mode, the high-absorption graphene heat-absorbing material layer 10 faces the indoors and can absorb indoor thermal radiation, and conduct it to the radiation cooling material layer 8 through the heat-conducting intermediate layer 9 of the shutter 2, so that the radiation cooling material layer 8 of the shutter 2 further radiates long-wave radiation to outer space through the atmospheric window.

[0027] Figure 5 The louver 2 of the louver energy-saving window system is completely perpendicular to the building floor, and the radiant cooling material layer 8 of the louver 2 is all facing the outdoors, maximizing the reflection of solar radiation and minimizing indoor natural lighting.

[0028] Example 2: The operation mode of the shutter energy-saving window in the winter heat absorption mode is as follows Figure 3 . When the blinds energy-saving window system enters winter mode, the user controls the small servo motor 4 to run through the remote control, drives the transmission rod 5 to rotate, controls the blinds 2 to rotate to a specified angle through the transmission belt 6, makes the graphene heat-absorbing material layer 10 face the outdoors, and adjusts the inclination angle of the blinds 2 to ensure that it can efficiently absorb solar radiation and provide an appropriate amount of natural lighting according to the needs of the user. In winter mode, the graphene heat-absorbing material layer 10 absorbs a large amount of solar and infrared radiation facing the outdoors, and conducts heat to the radiation cooling material layer 8 through the heat-conducting intermediate layer 9 of the blinds 2. The radiation cooling material layer 8 can radiate heat into the room due to its high infrared emission characteristics, thereby reducing the winter heating load of the building.

[0029] Figure 6 The diagram of the angle adjustment of the blinds 2 for the maximum heat absorption effect at the winter solstice in four cities of the present invention is shown. According to the geographical latitude of the city and the solar radiation intensity, the graphene heat absorption material layer 10 of the blinds energy-saving window faces the sun at the best angle to further improve the heat absorption efficiency and optimize the heating energy efficiency.

[0030] The present invention achieves a high degree of unity between building energy saving and thermal comfort by integrating radiant cooling and heat absorption functions and combining intelligent control systems. Whether it is the cooling demand in summer or the heating demand in winter, the energy-saving window can dynamically adapt by adjusting the angle of the blinds, achieving efficient energy management.

[0031] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multifunctional energy-saving window with adjustable shutters integrating radiation cooling and heating, comprising a glass window frame (1), characterized in that: The system further comprises a plurality of blinds (2), double-layered glass (3), a small servo motor (4), a transmission rod (5), a transmission belt (6) and a bearing module (7); the glass window frame (1) is used to fix the entire energy-saving window system; the double-layered glass (3) is installed at the front and rear parts of the glass window frame (1); an intermediate cavity is formed between the double-layered glass (3); the blinds (2), the small servo motor (4), the transmission rod (5) and the bearing module (7) are installed in the intermediate cavity; the small servo motor (4) drives the transmission rod (5) to rotate; and the transmission belt (6) is used to realize synchronous rotation of the plurality of blinds (2); each blind (2) is composed of a radiation cooling material layer (8), a heat-conducting intermediate layer (9) and a graphene heat-absorbing material layer (10) stacked in sequence.

2. The multifunctional adjustable shutter energy-saving window integrating radiation cooling and heating according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front and rear layers of the double-layer glass (3) are ultra-clear glass, the interval between the two layers of glass is 8-15 cm, and an intermediate cavity is formed between the two layers of glass.

3. The multifunctional adjustable shutter energy-saving window integrating radiation cooling and heating according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end of the output shaft of the small servo motor (4) is fixedly connected to a first gear, and the side wall of the transmission rod (5) is sleeved with a second gear that rotates coaxially with the transmission rod (5), and the second gear meshes with the first gear.

4. The multifunctional adjustable shutter energy-saving window integrating radiation cooling and heating according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shutter (2) can be rotated and adjusted 360 degrees.

5. The multifunctional adjustable shutter energy-saving window integrating radiation cooling and heating according to claim 1, characterized in that: The working state of the small servo motor (4) is controlled by remote control, and the rotation angle of the shutter (2) is controlled by controlling the working time and state of the small servo motor (4).

6. The multifunctional adjustable shutter energy-saving window integrating radiation cooling and heating according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both end side walls of the shutter (2) are provided with fixed shafts, the bearing module (7) is rotatably connected to the inner side wall of the glass window frame (1), and the bearing module (7) extends into the corresponding fixed shaft and rotates coaxially with the fixed shaft.

7. The multifunctional adjustable shutter energy-saving window integrating radiation cooling and heating according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side walls of the bearing module (7) and the transmission rod (5) are both sleeved with pulleys that rotate coaxially therewith, and the transmission belt (6) is wound around the pulleys.

8. The multifunctional adjustable shutter energy-saving window integrating radiation cooling and heating according to claim 1, characterized in that: The radiation cooling material layer (8) of the louver (2) has a graded porous structure.

9. The multifunctional adjustable shutter energy-saving window integrating radiation cooling and heating according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat-conducting intermediate layer (9) is a metal sheet with high heat conductivity.

10. The multifunctional adjustable shutter energy-saving window integrating radiation cooling and heating according to claim 1, characterized in that: The graphene heat-absorbing material layer (10) of the louver (2) is prepared using graphene oxide nanosheets.

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