Method, device and equipment for measuring air leakage from high-pressure cylinder shaft seal to medium-pressure cylinder and medium

Abstract

The invention provides a method, a device, equipment and a medium for measuring air leakage from a high-pressure cylinder shaft seal to an intermediate-pressure cylinder, and belongs to the technical field of steam measurement of thermal power plants. The method comprises the steps that pressure and temperature of steam leaked to an intermediate-pressure cylinder after a high-pressure cylinder adjusting stage, hot resteam entering the intermediate-pressure cylinder and admission steam, steam extraction flow of the high-pressure cylinder and boiler feed water flow are obtained respectively; and matching the combination of each steam pressure and temperature with a pre-established steam pressure and temperature enthalpy table to obtain an enthalpy value, and thus obtaining the steam inlet mixing ratio of the medium-pressure cylinder. And finally, according to the steam extraction flow of the high-pressure cylinder, the boiler feed water flow and the steam inlet mixing ratio, the flow of steam leaked to the intermediate-pressure cylinder after the high-pressure cylinder is in the regulating stage is calculated. According to the method, the steam leakage amount is determined by multi-parameter measurement calculation instead of a traditional field test, and the problems of limited test field conditions, large result randomness and high uncertainty are avoided, so that the measurement reliability and accuracy are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of steam measurement in thermal power plants, and in particular to a method for measuring gas leakage from a high-pressure cylinder shaft seal to a medium-pressure cylinder, a device for measuring gas leakage from a high-pressure cylinder shaft seal to a medium-pressure cylinder, an electronic device and a computer-readable storage medium. Background Art

[0002] In the design and operation of modern steam turbines, the pursuit of more efficient, compact and economical unit structures is an important direction for the development of the industry. In order to shorten the rotor length, reduce the number of supporting bearings, achieve a more compact and reasonable layout of the steam turbine, and effectively save materials, the high and medium cylinder combined cylinder layout structure has become a widely used design solution. This structure has significant advantages in improving the overall performance of the steam turbine, but such an arrangement makes it impossible to directly measure the steam leakage from the high-pressure cylinder to the medium-pressure cylinder after the high-pressure cylinder adjustment stage.

[0003] At present, the amount of steam leakage is mainly determined by experimental methods, that is, by arranging various monitoring equipment at the test site, collecting relevant operating data, and through complex calculations and analysis, the approximate value of the steam leakage can be estimated.

[0004] However, there are the following problems in using the test method to determine the amount of steam leakage from the high-pressure cylinder to the intermediate-pressure cylinder after the high-pressure cylinder adjustment stage: (1) The test site environment is complex and changeable. Factors such as temperature, pressure, and vibration will interfere with the measurement, making the steam leakage measurement results highly random; (2) It is difficult to accurately control all variables in the test, resulting in large uncertainty in the measurement results and difficulty in accurately measuring the actual steam leakage.

[0005] In general, the existing test methods cannot accurately measure the steam leakage from the high-pressure cylinder to the medium-pressure cylinder after the adjustment stage. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the embodiments of the present invention is to provide a method, device, equipment and medium for measuring the leakage from the high-pressure cylinder shaft seal to the medium-pressure cylinder to solve the above-mentioned problem.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for measuring the leakage from a high-pressure cylinder shaft seal to a medium-pressure cylinder, comprising: The pressure and temperature of the steam leaking to the intermediate pressure cylinder after the high pressure cylinder regulating stage, the hot resteam entering the intermediate pressure cylinder, and the steam entering the intermediate pressure cylinder, as well as the extraction flow rate of the high pressure cylinder and the boiler feed water flow rate are obtained respectively; The combination of pressure and temperature of the steam leaking to the intermediate pressure cylinder after the high pressure cylinder regulating stage, the hot re-steam entering the intermediate pressure cylinder, and the steam entering the intermediate pressure cylinder are matched with the pre-constructed steam pressure temperature enthalpy table to obtain the enthalpy values ​​of the steam leaking to the intermediate pressure cylinder after the high pressure cylinder regulating stage, the hot re-steam entering the intermediate pressure cylinder, and the steam entering the intermediate pressure cylinder; wherein the pre-constructed steam pressure temperature enthalpy table is used to characterize the mapping relationship between the combination of steam pressure and temperature and the enthalpy value; Based on the enthalpy values ​​of the steam leaking to the intermediate pressure cylinder after the high pressure cylinder regulating stage, the hot resteam entering the intermediate pressure cylinder, and the steam entering the intermediate pressure cylinder, the intermediate pressure cylinder inlet steam mixing ratio is obtained; Based on the extraction flow of the high-pressure cylinder, the boiler feed water flow and the intermediate-pressure cylinder inlet steam mixing ratio, the flow of steam leaking to the intermediate-pressure cylinder after the high-pressure cylinder regulating stage is obtained.

[0008] Optionally, based on the enthalpy values ​​of the steam leaking to the intermediate pressure cylinder after the high pressure cylinder regulating stage, the hot resteam entering the intermediate pressure cylinder, and the steam entering the intermediate pressure cylinder, the intermediate pressure cylinder inlet steam mixing ratio is obtained, including: Using formula (1), the enthalpy values ​​of the steam leaking to the intermediate pressure cylinder after the high pressure cylinder regulating stage, the hot resteam entering the intermediate pressure cylinder, and the steam entering the intermediate pressure cylinder are calculated to obtain the intermediate pressure cylinder steam inlet mixing ratio; (1); among which, Indicates the steam mixture ratio of the intermediate pressure cylinder. Indicates the enthalpy of hot resteam entering the intermediate pressure cylinder, Indicates the enthalpy of the steam entering the intermediate pressure cylinder, Indicates the enthalpy value of steam leaking to the intermediate pressure cylinder after the high pressure cylinder regulating stage.

[0009] Optionally, based on the extraction flow of the high-pressure cylinder, the boiler feed water flow and the intermediate-pressure cylinder inlet steam mixing ratio, the flow of steam leaking to the intermediate-pressure cylinder after the high-pressure cylinder regulating stage is obtained, including: Using formula (2), the extraction steam flow rate of the high-pressure cylinder, the boiler feed water flow rate and the intermediate-pressure cylinder inlet steam mixing ratio are calculated to obtain the steam flow rate that leaks to the intermediate-pressure cylinder after the high-pressure cylinder regulating stage; (2) Among them, Indicates the flow rate of steam leaking to the medium pressure cylinder after the high pressure cylinder regulating stage. represents the boiler feed water flow rate, Indicates the flow rate of extraction steam from the high pressure cylinder. Indicates the steam mixture ratio of the intermediate pressure cylinder.

[0010] Optionally, the flow rate of the extraction steam of the high pressure cylinder is calculated by: ;in, Indicates the flow rate of extraction steam from the high pressure cylinder. represents the flow rate of extraction steam entering the high-pressure heater, The flow rate of auxiliary steam extraction in the plant, Indicates the flow rate of extraction steam used for deaerator heating, Indicates the flow rate of extraction steam used for heating in the cogeneration unit.

[0011] Optionally, formula (1) is derived in the following way: Based on the principle of mass conservation, the flow rate of steam leaking to the intermediate pressure cylinder after the high pressure cylinder regulating stage, the flow rate of hot resteam entering the intermediate pressure cylinder, and the flow rate of steam entering the intermediate pressure cylinder are calculated to construct formula (3); (3); among which, Indicates the flow rate of steam entering the intermediate pressure cylinder, Indicates the flow rate of steam leaking to the medium pressure cylinder after the high pressure cylinder regulating stage. Indicates the flow rate of hot resteam entering the intermediate pressure cylinder; Based on the principle of energy conservation, the flow rate of steam leaking to the intermediate pressure cylinder after the high pressure cylinder regulating stage, the enthalpy value of steam leaking to the intermediate pressure cylinder after the high pressure cylinder regulating stage, the flow rate of hot resteam entering the intermediate pressure cylinder, the enthalpy value of hot resteam entering the intermediate pressure cylinder, the flow rate of steam entering the intermediate pressure cylinder, and the enthalpy value of steam entering the intermediate pressure cylinder are calculated to construct formula (4); (4); among which, Indicates the flow rate of steam entering the intermediate pressure cylinder, Indicates the enthalpy of the steam entering the intermediate pressure cylinder, Indicates the enthalpy of steam leaking to the medium-pressure cylinder after the high-pressure cylinder regulating stage. Indicates the enthalpy of hot resteam entering the intermediate pressure cylinder; Substituting formula (3) into formula (4), we get formula (5); (5); The flow rate of steam leaking to the intermediate pressure cylinder after the high pressure cylinder regulating stage, the flow rate of hot resteam entering the intermediate pressure cylinder and the intermediate pressure cylinder inlet steam mixing ratio are calculated to construct formula (6); (6); among which, Indicates the steam mixture ratio of the intermediate pressure cylinder; Substituting formula (6) into formula (5), we obtain formula (1).

[0012] Optionally, formula (2) is derived in the following way: Based on the principle of mass conservation, the flow rate of the main steam of the high-pressure cylinder, the flow rate of the steam leaking to the intermediate-pressure cylinder after the high-pressure cylinder regulating stage, the flow rate of the extraction steam of the high-pressure cylinder and the flow rate of the hot resteam entering the intermediate-pressure cylinder are calculated to construct formula (7); (7); among which, Indicates the flow rate of hot resteam entering the intermediate pressure cylinder, Indicates the main steam flow rate of the high-pressure cylinder, Indicates the flow rate of steam leaking to the medium pressure cylinder after the high pressure cylinder regulating stage. Indicates the flow rate of extraction steam from the high-pressure cylinder; Substituting formula (6) into formula (7), we get formula (8); (8); Based on the principle of mass conservation, the equation relationship between the boiler feed water flow rate and the main steam flow rate of the high-pressure cylinder is established to construct formula (9); (9); Substituting formula (9) into formula (8), we obtain formula (2).

[0013] In a second aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, a device for measuring gas leakage from a high-pressure cylinder shaft seal to a medium-pressure cylinder is provided, comprising: A data acquisition module is used to obtain the pressure and temperature of the steam leaking to the intermediate pressure cylinder after the high pressure cylinder regulating stage, the hot resteam entering the intermediate pressure cylinder, and the steam entering the intermediate pressure cylinder, as well as the extraction flow rate of the high pressure cylinder and the boiler feed water flow rate; An enthalpy value calculation module is used to match the pressure and temperature combinations of the steam leaking to the intermediate pressure cylinder after the high pressure cylinder regulating stage, the hot re-steam entering the intermediate pressure cylinder, and the steam entering the intermediate pressure cylinder with the pre-constructed steam pressure temperature enthalpy table, respectively, to obtain the enthalpy values ​​of the steam leaking to the intermediate pressure cylinder after the high pressure cylinder regulating stage, the hot re-steam entering the intermediate pressure cylinder, and the steam entering the intermediate pressure cylinder; wherein the pre-constructed steam pressure temperature enthalpy table is used to characterize the mapping relationship between the pressure and temperature combination of steam and the enthalpy value; A ratio calculation module, for obtaining the intermediate pressure cylinder inlet steam mixing ratio based on the enthalpy values ​​of the steam leaking to the intermediate pressure cylinder after the high pressure cylinder regulating stage, the hot resteam entering the intermediate pressure cylinder, and the steam entering the intermediate pressure cylinder; The flow calculation module is used to obtain the flow of steam leaking to the intermediate pressure cylinder after the high pressure cylinder regulating stage based on the extraction flow of the high pressure cylinder, the boiler feed water flow and the intermediate pressure cylinder steam inlet mixing ratio.

[0014] Optionally, the ratio calculation module is specifically used for: Using formula (1), the enthalpy values ​​of the steam leaking to the intermediate pressure cylinder after the high pressure cylinder regulating stage, the hot resteam entering the intermediate pressure cylinder, and the steam entering the intermediate pressure cylinder are calculated to obtain the intermediate pressure cylinder steam inlet mixing ratio; (1); among which, Indicates the steam mixture ratio of the intermediate pressure cylinder. Indicates the enthalpy of hot resteam entering the intermediate pressure cylinder, Indicates the enthalpy of the steam entering the intermediate pressure cylinder, Indicates the enthalpy value of steam leaking to the intermediate pressure cylinder after the high pressure cylinder regulating stage.

[0015] In a third aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, an electronic device is provided, comprising: a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores machine-readable instructions executable by the processor, and when the machine-readable instructions are executed by the processor, the above-mentioned method for measuring the leakage from the high-pressure cylinder shaft seal to the medium-pressure cylinder is executed.

[0016] In a fourth aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, which stores computer instructions. When the computer instructions are executed on a computer, the computer executes the above-mentioned method for measuring the leakage from the high-pressure cylinder shaft seal to the medium-pressure cylinder.

[0017] In the embodiment of the present invention, the present invention does not rely on traditional field tests to determine the steam leakage amount, but obtains the steam leakage amount through multi-parameter measurement and calculation, overcoming the limitations of field test conditions, reducing the randomness and uncertainty of the test results, and thus improving the reliability and accuracy of the measurement results.

[0018] Other features and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail in the subsequent detailed description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the following specific embodiments, they are used to explain the embodiments of the present invention, but do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 It is a schematic flow chart of a method for measuring gas leakage from a high-pressure cylinder shaft seal to a medium-pressure cylinder provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a steam turbine high-pressure cylinder and an intermediate-pressure cylinder arranged in a combined cylinder according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of a device for measuring air leakage from a high-pressure cylinder shaft seal to a medium-pressure cylinder provided in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The specific implementation of the embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific implementation described here is only used to illustrate and explain the embodiment of the present invention, and is not used to limit the embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by technicians in the technical field to which this application belongs; the terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application.

[0022] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the technical terms "first", "second", etc. are only used to distinguish different objects, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number, specific order or primary and secondary relationship of the indicated technical features. In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the meaning of "multiple" is more than two, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0023] Embodiment 1 Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 1 is a flow chart of a method for measuring gas leakage from a high-pressure cylinder shaft seal to a medium-pressure cylinder provided in an embodiment of the present invention, the method comprising the following steps: S100, respectively obtaining the pressure and temperature of the steam leaking to the intermediate pressure cylinder after the high pressure cylinder regulating stage, the hot resteam entering the intermediate pressure cylinder, and the steam entering the intermediate pressure cylinder, as well as the extraction flow rate of the high pressure cylinder and the boiler feed water flow rate; The steam leaking from the high-pressure cylinder to the medium-pressure cylinder after the high-pressure cylinder regulating stage refers to the part of the high-pressure steam leaking into the medium-pressure cylinder after the high-pressure cylinder regulating stage due to the wear of the valve or sealing surface. This part of the leaked high-pressure steam is called the steam leaking from the high-pressure cylinder to the medium-pressure cylinder after the high-pressure cylinder regulating stage. Figure 2 Q shown in tj .

[0024] The hot resteam entering the intermediate pressure cylinder refers to the steam that has been partially expanded and done work from the high pressure cylinder. After being heated by the reheater, it re-enters the intermediate pressure cylinder to continue doing work. Figure 2 Q shown in zr .

[0025] The steam entering the intermediate pressure cylinder includes two parts. One is the hot resteam, which is the main energy input for the intermediate pressure cylinder to do work. The other is the steam leakage after the high pressure cylinder regulating stage. The steam leaked after the high pressure cylinder regulating stage will also enter the intermediate pressure cylinder and participate in the work process in the intermediate pressure cylinder. These two parts of steam enter the intermediate pressure cylinder together to continue to expand and do work.

[0026] The extraction steam of the high-pressure cylinder refers to a part of the steam extracted from a certain intermediate stage of the high-pressure cylinder. This part of the steam is usually used for heating feed water, deoxygenation or other process purposes, such as Figure 2 Q shown c .

[0027] Feed water refers to the water supplied to the boiler to generate steam. In a thermal power plant, water that has undergone a series of treatments (usually from condensate, make-up water, etc.) is pressurized by a feed water pump and then enters the heat recovery heating system. The temperature is gradually increased by various levels of heaters and finally transported to the boiler's economizer, where it enters the boiler to participate in the steam-water cycle and absorbs the heat released by fuel combustion to become steam. Figure 2 Q shown gs .

[0028] It is understandable that the pressure and temperature of the aforementioned steam can be adjusted according to Figure 2 The structure shown S200, respectively matching the pressure and temperature combinations of the steam leaking to the intermediate pressure cylinder after the high pressure cylinder regulating stage, the hot re-steam entering the intermediate pressure cylinder, and the steam entering the intermediate pressure cylinder with a pre-constructed steam pressure temperature enthalpy table, to obtain the enthalpy values ​​of the steam leaking to the intermediate pressure cylinder after the high pressure cylinder regulating stage, the hot re-steam entering the intermediate pressure cylinder, and the steam entering the intermediate pressure cylinder; wherein the pre-constructed steam pressure temperature enthalpy table is used to characterize the mapping relationship between the pressure and temperature combination of the steam and the enthalpy value; The following is an exemplary example of a pre-built steam pressure temperature enthalpy table, as shown in Table 1 below: Table 1 Pre-built steam pressure temperature enthalpy table

[0029] For example, if the pressure of the steam leaking to the intermediate pressure cylinder after the high pressure cylinder regulating stage is 1Mpa, then its temperature is 179.88℃, and the corresponding enthalpy value is 2777KJ / kg. The hot resteam entering the intermediate pressure cylinder is similar to the steam entering the intermediate pressure cylinder, and both are matched according to the pre-built steam pressure temperature enthalpy table, which will not be repeated here.

[0030] S300, obtaining a steam inlet mixing ratio of the intermediate pressure cylinder based on the enthalpy values ​​of the steam leaking to the intermediate pressure cylinder after the high pressure cylinder regulating stage, the hot resteam entering the intermediate pressure cylinder, and the steam entering the intermediate pressure cylinder; In one embodiment, step S300 may include: Using formula (1), the enthalpy values ​​of the steam leaking to the intermediate pressure cylinder after the high pressure cylinder regulating stage, the hot resteam entering the intermediate pressure cylinder, and the steam entering the intermediate pressure cylinder are calculated to obtain the intermediate pressure cylinder steam inlet mixing ratio; (1); among which, Indicates the steam mixture ratio of the intermediate pressure cylinder. Indicates the enthalpy of hot resteam entering the intermediate pressure cylinder, Indicates the enthalpy of the steam entering the intermediate pressure cylinder, Indicates the enthalpy value of steam leaking to the intermediate pressure cylinder after the high pressure cylinder regulating stage.

[0031] For ease of understanding, the following is an example with actual data: Assumptions h zr =3000kJ / kg, h =3200kJ / kg, h zr =2800kJ / kg. Then substitute into formula (1) to calculate, = =0.5.

[0032] Regarding formula (1), the specific derivation process is introduced as follows: Step 1: Based on the principle of mass conservation, the flow rate of steam leaking to the intermediate pressure cylinder after the high pressure cylinder regulating stage, the flow rate of hot resteam entering the intermediate pressure cylinder, and the flow rate of steam entering the intermediate pressure cylinder are calculated to construct formula (3); (3); among which, Indicates the flow rate of steam entering the intermediate pressure cylinder, Indicates the flow rate of steam leaking to the medium pressure cylinder after the high pressure cylinder regulating stage. Indicates the flow rate of hot resteam entering the intermediate pressure cylinder; The flow rate of steam entering the intermediate pressure cylinder is equal to the sum of the flow rate of steam leaking to the intermediate pressure cylinder after the high pressure cylinder regulating stage and the flow rate of hot resteam entering the intermediate pressure cylinder. Therefore, formula (3) is constructed based on the law of conservation of mass.

[0033] Step 2: Based on the principle of energy conservation, the flow rate of steam leaking to the intermediate pressure cylinder after the high pressure cylinder regulating stage, the enthalpy value of steam leaking to the intermediate pressure cylinder after the high pressure cylinder regulating stage, the flow rate of hot resteam entering the intermediate pressure cylinder, the enthalpy value of hot resteam entering the intermediate pressure cylinder, the flow rate of steam entering the intermediate pressure cylinder, and the enthalpy value of steam entering the intermediate pressure cylinder are calculated to construct formula (4); (4); among which, Indicates the flow rate of steam entering the intermediate pressure cylinder, Indicates the enthalpy of the steam entering the intermediate pressure cylinder, Indicates the enthalpy of steam leaking to the medium-pressure cylinder after the high-pressure cylinder regulating stage. Indicates the enthalpy of hot resteam entering the intermediate pressure cylinder; The total energy entering the intermediate pressure cylinder is equal to the sum of the energy carried by the steam leaking to the intermediate pressure cylinder after the high pressure cylinder regulating stage and the energy carried by the hot re-steam entering the intermediate pressure cylinder. It follows the law of conservation of energy, so formula (4) is constructed.

[0034] Step 3: Substitute formula (3) into formula (4) to obtain formula (5); (5); Specifically, Q use Q tj + Q zr Substituting, the left side of formula (4) becomes ( Q tj + Q zr )* h , according to the distributive law of multiplication, it becomes Q tj* h + Q zr * h , so formula (4) becomes Q tj * h + Q zr * h = Q tj * h tj + Q zr * h zr , then Q tj * h + Q zr * h = Q tj * h tj + Q zr * h zr Extract the common factors and transform them, and finally get (5).

[0035] Step 4: Calculate the flow rate of steam leaking to the intermediate pressure cylinder after the high pressure cylinder regulating stage, the flow rate of hot resteam entering the intermediate pressure cylinder, and the intermediate pressure cylinder inlet steam mixing ratio to construct formula (6); (6); among which, Indicates the steam mixture ratio of the intermediate pressure cylinder; Step 5: Substitute formula (6) into formula (5) to obtain formula (1).

[0036] S400, based on the flow rate of the extracted steam of the high-pressure cylinder, the flow rate of the boiler feed water and the mixing ratio of the steam inlet to the intermediate-pressure cylinder, the flow rate of the steam leaking to the intermediate-pressure cylinder after the high-pressure cylinder regulating stage is obtained.

[0037] In one embodiment, step S400 may include: Using formula (2), the extraction steam flow rate of the high-pressure cylinder, the boiler feed water flow rate and the intermediate-pressure cylinder inlet steam mixing ratio are calculated to obtain the steam flow rate that leaks to the intermediate-pressure cylinder after the high-pressure cylinder regulating stage; (2) Among them, Indicates the flow rate of steam leaking to the medium pressure cylinder after the high pressure cylinder regulating stage. represents the boiler feed water flow rate, Indicates the flow rate of extraction steam from the high pressure cylinder. Indicates the steam mixture ratio of the intermediate pressure cylinder.

[0038] For ease of understanding, the following is an example with actual data: Assumptions Q gs =100m 3 / h, Q c =30m 3 / h, a =0.5, and then substitute it into formula (2) to calculate: = ≈23.33m 3 / h.

[0039] Specifically, the flow rate of the extraction steam of the high-pressure cylinder is calculated by the following method: ;in, Indicates the flow rate of extraction steam from the high pressure cylinder. represents the flow rate of extraction steam entering the high-pressure heater, The flow rate of auxiliary steam extraction in the plant, Indicates the flow rate of extraction steam used for deaerator heating, Indicates the flow rate of extraction steam used for heating in the cogeneration unit.

[0040] Regarding formula (2), the specific derivation process is introduced as follows: Step 1: Based on the principle of mass conservation, the flow rate of the main steam of the high-pressure cylinder, the flow rate of the steam leaking to the intermediate-pressure cylinder after the high-pressure cylinder regulating stage, the flow rate of the extraction steam of the high-pressure cylinder, and the flow rate of the hot resteam entering the intermediate-pressure cylinder are calculated to construct formula (7); (7); among which, Indicates the flow rate of hot resteam entering the intermediate pressure cylinder, Indicates the main steam flow rate of the high-pressure cylinder, Indicates the flow rate of steam leaking to the medium pressure cylinder after the high pressure cylinder regulating stage. Indicates the flow rate of extraction steam from the high-pressure cylinder; The main steam of the high-pressure cylinder refers to the steam that directly enters the high-pressure cylinder of the turbine from the boiler superheater outlet.

[0041] Specifically, Figure 2 As shown, in the steam system, the main steam flow rate of the high-pressure cylinder is the initial amount of steam entering ( Q zq ), some of the steam will leak into the medium pressure cylinder after passing through the regulating stage ( Q tj ), and part of the steam will be extracted from the high-pressure cylinder to heat the feed water for the high-pressure heater ( Q c), and part of it will pass through the reheater to become hot resteam entering the intermediate pressure cylinder ( Q lz = Q zr ), therefore, the hot resteam flow entering the intermediate pressure cylinder is obtained by subtracting the flow of these two parts of steam from the main steam flow of the high pressure cylinder.

[0042] Step 2: Substitute formula (6) into formula (7) to obtain formula (8); (8); Specifically, replace the Q zr = Substituting the expression into formula (7), formula (7) becomes , and then multiply both sides of the equation by a Eliminating the denominator, we get , and then expand the brackets to get , then Move to the left and extract the common factors Q tj , extract common factors from dependent variables a ,get , then divide both sides of the equation by 1+ a , and finally we get formula (8).

[0043] Step 3: Based on the principle of mass conservation, establish the equation relationship between the boiler feed water flow rate and the main steam flow rate of the high-pressure cylinder to construct formula (9); (9); Specifically, in a thermal power plant, water that has undergone a series of treatments (usually from condensate, feed water, etc.) is pressurized by a feed water pump and then enters the heat recovery heating system. The temperature is gradually increased by various levels of heaters and is eventually transported to the economizer of the boiler. The water enters the boiler to participate in the steam-water cycle and absorbs the heat released by fuel combustion to become steam. That is, the feed water and the main steam of the high-pressure cylinder follow the principle of conservation of mass, so formula (9) was established.

[0044] Step 4: Substitute formula (9) into formula (8) to obtain formula (2).

[0045] In one or more of the above embodiments, since in an actual operating power plant, the feed water flow is generally not equal to the main steam flow, it is necessary to add superheating and cooling water for adjusting the main steam temperature; the cold reflow is not equal to the hot reflow, and it is necessary to add reheating and cooling water for adjusting the reheater steam temperature, and the steam leakage of the high-pressure valve rod and the rear shaft seal of the high-pressure cylinder must also be considered, that is, Q zq = Q gs+Superheated desuperheating water for adjusting the main steam temperature, Q lz =Q zr +Reheating and desuperheating water for adjusting the steam temperature of the reheater + Steam leakage from the shaft seal after the high-pressure cylinder. Therefore, in order to more accurately calculate the flow rate of steam leaking to the intermediate-pressure cylinder after the high-pressure cylinder regulating stage, it is necessary to adjust the calculation based on the previous two equations.

[0046] In the embodiment of the present invention, the present invention does not rely on traditional field tests to determine the steam leakage amount, but obtains the steam leakage amount through multi-parameter measurement and calculation, overcoming the limitations of field test conditions, reducing the randomness and uncertainty of the test results, and thus improving the reliability and accuracy of the measurement results.

[0047] Embodiment 2 Based on the same inventive concept, Figure 3 As shown, the embodiment of the present invention further provides a device 200 for measuring the leakage from a high-pressure cylinder shaft seal to a medium-pressure cylinder, comprising: The data acquisition module 210 is used to respectively acquire the pressure and temperature of the steam leaking to the intermediate pressure cylinder after the high pressure cylinder regulating stage, the hot resteam entering the intermediate pressure cylinder, and the steam entering the intermediate pressure cylinder, as well as the flow rate of the extracted steam of the high pressure cylinder and the flow rate of the boiler feed water; The enthalpy value calculation module 220 is used to match the pressure and temperature combinations of the steam leaking to the intermediate pressure cylinder after the high pressure cylinder regulating stage, the hot re-steam entering the intermediate pressure cylinder, and the steam entering the intermediate pressure cylinder with the pre-constructed steam pressure temperature enthalpy table, respectively, to obtain the enthalpy values ​​of the steam leaking to the intermediate pressure cylinder after the high pressure cylinder regulating stage, the hot re-steam entering the intermediate pressure cylinder, and the steam entering the intermediate pressure cylinder; wherein the pre-constructed steam pressure temperature enthalpy table is used to characterize the mapping relationship between the pressure and temperature combination of the steam and the enthalpy value; The ratio calculation module 230 is used to obtain the intermediate pressure cylinder inlet steam mixing ratio based on the enthalpy values ​​of the steam leaking to the intermediate pressure cylinder after the high pressure cylinder regulating stage, the hot resteam entering the intermediate pressure cylinder, and the steam entering the intermediate pressure cylinder; The flow calculation module 240 is used to obtain the flow of steam leaking to the intermediate pressure cylinder after the high pressure cylinder regulating stage based on the extraction flow of the high pressure cylinder, the boiler feed water flow and the intermediate pressure cylinder inlet steam mixing ratio.

[0048] Optionally, the ratio calculation module 230 is specifically used for: Using formula (1), the enthalpy values ​​of the steam leaking to the intermediate pressure cylinder after the high pressure cylinder regulating stage, the hot resteam entering the intermediate pressure cylinder, and the steam entering the intermediate pressure cylinder are calculated to obtain the intermediate pressure cylinder steam inlet mixing ratio; (1); among which, Indicates the steam mixture ratio of the intermediate pressure cylinder. Indicates the enthalpy of hot resteam entering the intermediate pressure cylinder, Indicates the enthalpy of the steam entering the intermediate pressure cylinder, Indicates the enthalpy value of steam leaking to the intermediate pressure cylinder after the high pressure cylinder regulating stage.

[0049] It should be understood that the device corresponds to the above-mentioned embodiment of the method for measuring the leakage from the high-pressure cylinder shaft seal to the medium-pressure cylinder, and can perform the various steps involved in the above-mentioned method embodiment. The specific functions of the device can be found in the description above. To avoid repetition, the detailed description is appropriately omitted here. The device includes at least one software function module that can be stored in a memory in the form of software or firmware or solidified in the operating system (OS) of the device.

[0050] Embodiment 3 Based on the same inventive concept, an embodiment of the present invention also provides an electronic device, including: a processor and a memory, the memory storing machine-readable instructions executable by the processor, and when the machine-readable instructions are executed by the processor, the above-mentioned method for measuring the leakage from the high-pressure cylinder shaft seal to the medium-pressure cylinder is executed.

[0051] In a typical configuration, an electronic device includes one or more processors (CPU), input / output interfaces, network interfaces, and memory.

[0052] The memory may include non-permanent memory in a computer-readable medium, random access memory (RAM) and / or non-volatile memory in the form of read-only memory (ROM) or flash RAM. The memory is an example of a computer-readable medium.

[0053] Computer readable media include permanent and non-permanent, removable and non-removable media that can be implemented by any method or technology to store information. Information can be computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules or other data. Examples of computer storage media include, but are not limited to, phase change memory (PRAM), static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), other types of random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technology, compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), digital versatile disk (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices or any other non-transmission media that can be used to store information that can be accessed by a computing device. As defined herein, computer readable media does not include temporary computer readable media (transitory media), such as modulated data signals and carrier waves.

[0054] Embodiment 4 Based on the same inventive concept, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions. When the computer instructions are executed on a computer, the computer executes the above-mentioned method for measuring leakage from the high-pressure cylinder shaft seal to the medium-pressure cylinder.

[0055] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the embodiments of the present application may be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present application may adopt the form of a complete hardware embodiment, a complete software embodiment, or an embodiment in combination with software and hardware. Moreover, the present application may adopt the form of a computer program product implemented in one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) that include computer-usable program code.

[0056] The present application is described with reference to the flowcharts and / or block diagrams of the methods, devices (systems), and computer program products according to the embodiments of the present application. It should be understood that each process and / or box in the flowchart and / or block diagram, as well as the combination of the processes and / or boxes in the flowchart and / or block diagram, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, an embedded processor, or other programmable data processing device to generate a machine, so that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing device generate instructions for implementing the processes in the flowchart and / or block diagram. Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in a block or multiple blocks.

[0057] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory capable of directing a computer or other programmable data processing device to operate in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture comprising an instruction device, which implements the process Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A function specified in one or more boxes.

[0058] These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device so that a series of operating steps are executed on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions for implementing the process. Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps for the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0059] It should also be noted that the various specific technical features described in the above specific embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction. To avoid unnecessary repetition, the embodiments of the present invention will not further describe various possible combinations.

[0060] In addition, the functional modules in each embodiment of the present application can be integrated together to form an independent part, or each module can exist separately, or two or more modules can be integrated to form an independent part.

[0061] It should also be noted that the terms "include", "comprises" or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, commodity or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, commodity or device. In the absence of more restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "comprises a ..." do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, commodity or device including the elements.

[0062] The above are only embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application may have various changes and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included within the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for measuring the leakage from a high-pressure cylinder shaft seal to a medium-pressure cylinder, characterized in that: include: The pressure and temperature of the steam leaking to the intermediate pressure cylinder after the high pressure cylinder regulating stage, the hot resteam entering the intermediate pressure cylinder, and the steam entering the intermediate pressure cylinder, as well as the extraction flow rate of the high pressure cylinder and the boiler feed water flow rate are obtained respectively; The combination of pressure and temperature of the steam leaking to the intermediate pressure cylinder after the high pressure cylinder regulating stage, the hot re-steam entering the intermediate pressure cylinder, and the steam entering the intermediate pressure cylinder are matched with the pre-constructed steam pressure temperature enthalpy table to obtain the enthalpy values ​​of the steam leaking to the intermediate pressure cylinder after the high pressure cylinder regulating stage, the hot re-steam entering the intermediate pressure cylinder, and the steam entering the intermediate pressure cylinder; wherein the pre-constructed steam pressure temperature enthalpy table is used to characterize the mapping relationship between the combination of steam pressure and temperature and the enthalpy value; Based on the enthalpy values ​​of the steam leaking to the intermediate pressure cylinder after the high pressure cylinder regulating stage, the hot resteam entering the intermediate pressure cylinder, and the steam entering the intermediate pressure cylinder, the intermediate pressure cylinder inlet steam mixing ratio is obtained; Based on the extraction flow of the high-pressure cylinder, the boiler feed water flow and the intermediate-pressure cylinder inlet steam mixing ratio, the flow of steam leaking to the intermediate-pressure cylinder after the high-pressure cylinder regulating stage is obtained.

2. The method for measuring the leakage from the high-pressure cylinder shaft seal to the medium-pressure cylinder according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Based on the enthalpy values ​​of the steam leaking to the intermediate pressure cylinder after the high pressure cylinder regulating stage, the hot resteam entering the intermediate pressure cylinder, and the steam entering the intermediate pressure cylinder, the intermediate pressure cylinder steam inlet mixing ratio is obtained, including: Using formula (1), the enthalpy values ​​of the steam leaking to the intermediate pressure cylinder after the high pressure cylinder regulating stage, the hot resteam entering the intermediate pressure cylinder, and the steam entering the intermediate pressure cylinder are calculated to obtain the intermediate pressure cylinder steam inlet mixing ratio; (1); among which, Indicates the steam mixture ratio of the intermediate pressure cylinder. Indicates the enthalpy of hot resteam entering the intermediate pressure cylinder, Indicates the enthalpy of the steam entering the intermediate pressure cylinder, Indicates the enthalpy value of steam leaking to the intermediate pressure cylinder after the high pressure cylinder regulating stage.

3. The method for measuring the leakage from the high-pressure cylinder shaft seal to the medium-pressure cylinder according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Based on the extraction flow of the high-pressure cylinder, the boiler feed water flow and the intermediate-pressure cylinder inlet steam mixing ratio, the steam flow of the high-pressure cylinder regulating stage leaking to the intermediate-pressure cylinder is obtained, including: Using formula (2), the extraction steam flow rate of the high-pressure cylinder, the boiler feed water flow rate and the intermediate-pressure cylinder inlet steam mixing ratio are calculated to obtain the steam flow rate that leaks to the intermediate-pressure cylinder after the high-pressure cylinder regulating stage; (2); among which, Indicates the flow rate of steam leaking to the medium-pressure cylinder after the high-pressure cylinder regulating stage. represents the boiler feed water flow rate, Indicates the flow rate of extraction steam from the high pressure cylinder. Indicates the mixture ratio of the steam entering the intermediate pressure cylinder.

4. The method for measuring the leakage from the high-pressure cylinder shaft seal to the medium-pressure cylinder according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The extraction steam flow rate of the high pressure cylinder is calculated as follows: ;in, Indicates the flow rate of extraction steam from the high pressure cylinder. represents the flow rate of extraction steam entering the high-pressure heater, The flow rate of auxiliary steam extraction in the plant, Indicates the flow rate of extraction steam used for deaerator heating, Indicates the flow rate of extraction steam used for heating in the cogeneration unit.

5. The method for measuring the leakage from the high-pressure cylinder shaft seal to the medium-pressure cylinder according to claim 2 is characterized in that: Formula (1) is derived in the following way: Based on the principle of mass conservation, the flow rate of steam leaking to the intermediate pressure cylinder after the high pressure cylinder regulating stage, the flow rate of hot resteam entering the intermediate pressure cylinder, and the flow rate of steam entering the intermediate pressure cylinder are calculated to construct formula (3); (3); among which, Indicates the flow rate of steam entering the intermediate pressure cylinder, Indicates the flow rate of steam leaking to the medium-pressure cylinder after the high-pressure cylinder regulating stage. Indicates the flow rate of hot resteam entering the intermediate pressure cylinder; Based on the principle of energy conservation, the flow rate of steam leaking to the intermediate pressure cylinder after the high pressure cylinder regulating stage, the enthalpy value of steam leaking to the intermediate pressure cylinder after the high pressure cylinder regulating stage, the flow rate of hot resteam entering the intermediate pressure cylinder, the enthalpy value of hot resteam entering the intermediate pressure cylinder, the flow rate of steam entering the intermediate pressure cylinder, and the enthalpy value of steam entering the intermediate pressure cylinder are calculated to construct formula (4); (4); among which, Indicates the flow rate of steam entering the intermediate pressure cylinder, Indicates the enthalpy of the steam entering the intermediate pressure cylinder, Indicates the enthalpy of steam leaking to the medium-pressure cylinder after the high-pressure cylinder regulating stage. Indicates the enthalpy of hot resteam entering the intermediate pressure cylinder; Substituting formula (3) into formula (4), we get formula (5); （5）； The flow rate of steam leaking to the intermediate pressure cylinder after the high pressure cylinder regulating stage, the flow rate of hot resteam entering the intermediate pressure cylinder and the intermediate pressure cylinder inlet steam mixing ratio are calculated to construct formula (6); (6); among which, Indicates the steam mixture ratio of the intermediate pressure cylinder; Substituting formula (6) into formula (5), we obtain formula (1).

6. The method for measuring the leakage from the high-pressure cylinder shaft seal to the medium-pressure cylinder according to claim 5 is characterized in that: Formula (2) is derived in the following way: Based on the principle of mass conservation, the flow rate of the main steam of the high-pressure cylinder, the flow rate of the steam leaking to the intermediate-pressure cylinder after the high-pressure cylinder regulating stage, the flow rate of the extraction steam of the high-pressure cylinder and the flow rate of the hot resteam entering the intermediate-pressure cylinder are calculated to construct formula (7); (7); among which, Indicates the flow rate of hot resteam entering the intermediate pressure cylinder, Indicates the main steam flow rate of the high-pressure cylinder, Indicates the flow rate of steam leaking to the medium-pressure cylinder after the high-pressure cylinder regulating stage. Indicates the flow rate of extraction steam from the high-pressure cylinder; Substituting formula (6) into formula (7), we get formula (8); （8）； Based on the principle of mass conservation, the equation relationship between the boiler feed water flow rate and the main steam flow rate of the high-pressure cylinder is established to construct formula (9); （9）； Substituting formula (9) into formula (8), we obtain formula (2).

7. A device for measuring the leakage from the high-pressure cylinder shaft seal to the medium-pressure cylinder, characterized in that: include: A data acquisition module is used to respectively acquire the pressure and temperature of the steam leaking to the intermediate pressure cylinder after the high pressure cylinder regulating stage, the hot resteam entering the intermediate pressure cylinder, and the steam entering the intermediate pressure cylinder, as well as the flow rate of the extracted steam of the high pressure cylinder and the flow rate of boiler feed water; An enthalpy value calculation module is used to match the pressure and temperature combinations of the steam leaking to the intermediate pressure cylinder after the high pressure cylinder regulating stage, the hot re-steam entering the intermediate pressure cylinder, and the steam entering the intermediate pressure cylinder with the pre-constructed steam pressure temperature enthalpy table, respectively, to obtain the enthalpy values ​​of the steam leaking to the intermediate pressure cylinder after the high pressure cylinder regulating stage, the hot re-steam entering the intermediate pressure cylinder, and the steam entering the intermediate pressure cylinder; wherein the pre-constructed steam pressure temperature enthalpy table is used to characterize the mapping relationship between the pressure and temperature combination of steam and the enthalpy value; A ratio calculation module, for obtaining the intermediate pressure cylinder inlet steam mixing ratio based on the enthalpy values ​​of the steam leaking to the intermediate pressure cylinder after the high pressure cylinder regulating stage, the hot resteam entering the intermediate pressure cylinder, and the steam entering the intermediate pressure cylinder; The flow calculation module is used to obtain the flow of steam leaking to the intermediate pressure cylinder after the high pressure cylinder regulating stage based on the extraction flow of the high pressure cylinder, the boiler feed water flow and the intermediate pressure cylinder steam inlet mixing ratio.

8. The device for measuring gas leakage from the high-pressure cylinder shaft seal to the medium-pressure cylinder according to claim 7, characterized in that: The ratio calculation module is specifically used for: Using formula (1), the enthalpy values ​​of the steam leaking to the intermediate pressure cylinder after the high pressure cylinder regulating stage, the hot resteam entering the intermediate pressure cylinder, and the steam entering the intermediate pressure cylinder are calculated to obtain the intermediate pressure cylinder steam inlet mixing ratio; (1); among which, Indicates the steam mixture ratio of the intermediate pressure cylinder. Indicates the enthalpy of hot resteam entering the intermediate pressure cylinder, Indicates the enthalpy of the steam entering the intermediate pressure cylinder, Indicates the enthalpy value of steam leaking to the intermediate pressure cylinder after the high pressure cylinder regulating stage.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that: include: A processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores machine-readable instructions executable by the processor, and when the machine-readable instructions are executed by the processor, the method for measuring the leakage from the high-pressure cylinder shaft seal to the medium-pressure cylinder according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is executed.

10. A computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions, characterized in that: When the computer instructions are executed on a computer, the computer is enabled to execute the method for measuring the gas leakage from the high-pressure cylinder shaft seal to the medium-pressure cylinder according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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