Wind turbine generator system and method for controlling the pitch of the blades of the wind turbine generator system under gust wind conditions

Abstract

The wind turbine generator set in gust wind conditions provided by the present disclosure includes a method for pitch control and a generator set. The method for pitch control includes determining a wind speed characteristic quantity of wind reaching an impeller of a wind turbine generator set based on wind speed data; determining a wind speed trend quantity based on the wind speed characteristic quantity, wherein the wind speed trend quantity represents a cumulative quantity of changes in the wind speed characteristic quantity within a preset time period before the wind reaches the impeller; and performing pitch control on the wind turbine generator set in response to the wind speed trend quantity indicating that the wind turbine generator set is in a gust wind condition. The method for pitch control of the wind turbine generator set in gust wind conditions according to the present disclosure solves the problem that the extreme load of the wind turbine generator set increases under gust wind conditions and cannot ensure the safe operation of the wind turbine generator set. The gust wind condition can be identified, and the wind turbine generator set is controlled to ensure the safety and stability of the unit.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of wind power generation, and more specifically, to a pitch control method for a wind turbine generator set under gusty wind conditions and the generator set. Background Technology

[0002] As the rotor diameter and overall capacity of wind turbine generators increase, the constraints on overall cost also increase. For example, under extreme wind conditions defined by the IEC61400-1 standard, the design load of wind turbine generators will increase. Under these circumstances, the ultimate load problem and the stability of the wind turbine generators become important influencing factors in the development process. In particular, these problems will be further highlighted when facing gusty winds.

[0003] In related technologies, although many pitch control schemes for wind turbines have been developed, these schemes lack gust wind condition recognition and corresponding turbine control strategies. This results in an increase in the ultimate load of wind turbines under gust wind conditions, making it impossible to ensure the safe operation of wind turbines. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the problem that the ultimate load of wind turbine generator sets increases under gusty wind conditions, making it impossible to ensure the safe operation of wind turbine generator sets, this disclosure provides a pitch control method for wind turbine generator sets and a wind turbine generator set.

[0005] The first aspect of this disclosure provides a pitch control method for a wind turbine generator set under gusty wind conditions. The pitch control method includes: determining a wind speed characteristic quantity of the wind reaching the rotor of the wind turbine generator set based on wind speed data; determining a wind speed trend quantity based on the wind speed characteristic quantity, wherein the wind speed trend quantity represents the cumulative amount of change of the wind speed characteristic quantity within a preset time period before the wind reaches the rotor; and performing pitch control on the wind turbine generator set in response to the wind speed trend quantity indicating that the wind turbine generator set is under gusty wind conditions.

[0006] Optionally, the wind speed trend quantity is determined by: determining the wind speed trend quantity based on the cumulative amount of the wind speed characteristic quantity within the preset time period and the cumulative amount of the initial value of the wind speed characteristic quantity within the preset time period; wherein the initial value is the wind speed characteristic quantity at the initial moment within the preset time period.

[0007] Optionally, the wind turbine generator set is determined to be in a gust wind condition by: determining that the wind turbine generator set is in a gust upwind condition in response to the condition that the wind speed trend amount meets a preset first boundary value; and determining that the wind turbine generator set is in a gust downwind condition in response to the condition that the wind speed trend amount meets a preset second boundary value.

[0008] Optionally, pitch control of the wind turbine generator set is performed by: determining an additional pitch angle or pitch rate based on the degree to which the wind speed characteristic quantity deviates from the rated wind speed of the wind turbine generator set; and performing pitch control of the wind turbine generator set based on the additional pitch angle or the pitch rate, wherein the degree to which the wind speed characteristic quantity deviates from the rated wind speed is negatively correlated with the pitch rate.

[0009] Optionally, determining the additional pitch angle or pitch rate based on the degree to which the wind speed characteristic deviates from the rated wind speed of the wind turbine generator set includes: determining multiple wind speed ranges and candidate additional pitch angles or candidate pitch rates corresponding to each wind speed range based on the rated wind speed, cut-in wind speed, cut-out wind speed of the wind turbine generator set and a preset correction value; and determining the candidate additional pitch angle or candidate pitch rate corresponding to the wind speed range satisfied by the wind speed characteristic as the additional pitch angle or the pitch rate.

[0010] Optionally, the plurality of wind speed ranges include a first wind speed range, a second wind speed range, and a third wind speed range. The first wind speed range is determined based on a preset correction value and the rated wind speed, and includes the rated wind speed. The second wind speed range is determined based on the cut-in wind speed of the wind turbine generator and the first wind speed range, and is less than the first wind speed range. The third wind speed range is determined based on the cut-out wind speed of the wind turbine generator and the first wind speed range, and is greater than the first wind speed range.

[0011] Optionally, the candidate additional pitch angle corresponding to the first wind speed range is greater than the candidate additional pitch angle corresponding to the third wind speed range, and the candidate additional pitch angle corresponding to the first wind speed range is greater than the candidate additional pitch angle corresponding to the second wind speed range, wherein the candidate pitch rate corresponding to the first wind speed range is greater than the candidate pitch rate corresponding to the second wind speed range, and the candidate pitch rate corresponding to the third wind speed range is greater than the candidate pitch rate corresponding to the first wind speed range.

[0012] Optionally, the wind speed characteristic quantity is determined by: acquiring wind speed data in one or more wind speed sections pointing from the incoming wind side to the impeller; determining the wind speed characteristic quantity at the current moment based on the wind speed data, the distance of each wind speed section from the impeller, and the wind speed processing parameters on the impeller at the current moment, wherein the wind speed processing parameters are: the average wind speed within a preset time length before the current moment, or the average wind speed of each wind speed section at the current moment.

[0013] Optionally, the wind speed data includes wind speed data at each wind speed section for multiple paths pointing from the windward side to the impeller. The wind speed characteristic at the current moment is determined by: based on the wind speed data, the direction of each of the multiple paths, the distance from each wind speed section to the impeller, the wind speed processing parameters on the impeller at the current moment, and the number of paths, the wind speed characteristic at the current moment is determined. The wind speed processing parameters are: the average wind speed of each of the multiple paths at each wind speed section at the current moment.

[0014] Optionally, the length of the preset time period can be determined by: based on the wind speed characteristic, the distance from the equivalent wind speed section where the wind speed characteristic is located to the impeller, and the pitch response time of the pitch system of the wind turbine generator set.

[0015] A second aspect of this disclosure provides a computer device comprising: at least one processor; and at least one memory storing computer-executable instructions, wherein, when executed by the at least one processor, the computer-executable instructions cause the at least one processor to perform a pitch control method for a wind turbine generator under gust wind conditions according to an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0016] A third aspect of this disclosure provides a wind turbine generator set, the wind turbine generator set including computer equipment according to embodiments of this disclosure.

[0017] A fourth aspect of this disclosure provides a computer-readable storage medium that, when instructions in the computer-readable storage medium are executed by at least one processor, causes the at least one processor to perform a pitch control method for a wind turbine generator under gust wind conditions according to embodiments of this disclosure.

[0018] According to the pitch control method and wind turbine generator set disclosed herein, the wind speed characteristic quantity at the rotor can be determined based on wind speed data, and the wind speed trend quantity can be determined based on the wind speed characteristic quantity. When the wind speed trend quantity indicates that the wind turbine generator set is in gusty wind conditions, pitch control can be performed on the wind turbine generator set to solve or alleviate the ultimate load problem and ensure the safety and stability of the unit. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic flowchart illustrating a pitch control method for a wind turbine generator under gusty wind conditions according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0020] Figure 2This is a schematic flowchart illustrating the steps of determining wind speed characteristic quantities in a pitch control method for a wind turbine generator under gusty wind conditions according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the acquisition of wind speed data in a pitch control method for a wind turbine generator under gusty wind conditions according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the trend of gust wind conditions in a pitch control method for a wind turbine generator under gust wind conditions according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic flowchart illustrating the steps of pitch control of a wind turbine generator set in a pitch control method for wind turbine generator sets under gusty wind conditions according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic flowchart illustrating the steps of determining an additional pitch angle or pitch rate in a pitch control method for a wind turbine generator under gusty wind conditions according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0025] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the nonlinear relationship between wind speed and additional pitch angle in a pitch control method for a wind turbine generator under gusty wind conditions, according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0026] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the nonlinear relationship between wind speed and pitch rate in a pitch control method for a wind turbine generator under gusty wind conditions, according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0027] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram showing a comparison of blade root loads with and without a pitch control method for a wind turbine generator set using an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0028] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram showing a comparison of nacelle acceleration using a pitch control method for a wind turbine generator set according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure and without using a pitch control method. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The following detailed embodiments are provided to aid the reader in gaining a comprehensive understanding of the methods, apparatus, and / or systems described herein. However, various changes, modifications, and equivalents of the methods, apparatus, and / or systems described herein will become apparent upon understanding this disclosure. For example, the order of operations described herein is merely illustrative and is not limited to those orders set forth herein, but may be changed as will become clear upon understanding this disclosure, except for operations that must occur in a specific order. Furthermore, for clarity and conciseness, descriptions of features known in the art may be omitted.

[0030] The features described herein may be implemented in different forms and should not be construed as limited to the examples described herein. Rather, the examples described herein are provided only to illustrate some of the many feasible ways of implementing the methods, apparatus, and / or systems described herein, which will become clear upon understanding the disclosure of this application.

[0031] As used herein, the term “and / or” includes any one of the associated listed items and any combination of any two or more.

[0032] Although terms such as “first,” “second,” and “third” may be used herein to describe various components, assemblies, regions, layers, or parts, these components, assemblies, regions, layers, or parts should not be limited by these terms. Rather, these terms are used only to distinguish one component, assembly, region, layer, or part from another. Thus, without departing from the teaching of the examples described herein, the first component, first assembly, first region, first layer, or first part referred to as the first component, first assembly, first region, first layer, or first part may also be referred to as the second component, second assembly, second region, second layer, or second part.

[0033] In the specification, when an element (such as a layer, region, or substrate) is described as being "on" another element, "connected to," or "bonded to" another element, the element may be directly "on" another element, directly "connected to," or "bonded to" the other element, or one or more other elements may be present in between. Conversely, when an element is described as being "directly on" another element, "directly connected to," or "directly bonded to" another element, no other elements may be present in between.

[0034] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing various examples only and is not intended to limit disclosure. Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well. The terms “comprising,” “including,” and “having” indicate the presence of the described features, quantities, operations, components, elements, and / or combinations thereof, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, quantities, operations, components, elements, and / or combinations thereof.

[0035] Unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein (including technical and scientific terms) shall have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure pertains upon understanding this disclosure. Unless expressly defined herein, terms (such as those defined in a general dictionary) shall be interpreted as having a meaning consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant field and in this disclosure, and shall not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formalistic manner.

[0036] Furthermore, in the description of the examples, detailed descriptions of well-known related structures or functions will be omitted when it is believed that such detailed descriptions would lead to a vague interpretation of this disclosure.

[0037] As mentioned above, in related technologies, there is a problem that the ultimate load of wind turbine generators increases under gusty wind conditions, making it impossible to ensure the safe operation of wind turbine generators.

[0038] In view of the above problems, this disclosure provides a pitch control method for a wind turbine generator set under gusty wind conditions, a computer device, a wind turbine generator set, and a computer-readable storage medium to solve or at least alleviate the above problems.

[0039] According to a first aspect of an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, a pitch control method for a wind turbine generator under gusty wind conditions is provided. This pitch control method for a wind turbine generator under gusty wind conditions can be executed by an electronic device with computational analysis capabilities. The electronic device can be a terminal device or a server, wherein the terminal device can be such as a tablet computer, a laptop computer, a digital assistant, etc.; the server can be a standalone server, a server cluster, a cloud computing platform, or a virtualization center.

[0040] In one example application scenario, an electronic device executing a pitch control method for a wind turbine generator under gusty wind conditions according to embodiments of the present disclosure can determine the wind speed characteristic quantity of the wind reaching the rotor of the wind turbine generator based on wind speed data, and can determine the wind speed trend quantity based on the wind speed characteristic quantity. Here, the wind speed trend quantity represents the cumulative amount of change in the wind speed characteristic quantity during a preset time period before the wind reaches the rotor.

[0041] The electronic device can also perform pitch control on the wind turbine in response to wind speed trend data indicating that the wind turbine is in gust wind conditions.

[0042] Here, the electronic device can, for example, communicate with a database or data management system that stores measured or estimated wind speed data, so that the electronic device can perform the above-described method based on the wind speed data.

[0043] According to the pitch control scheme of the wind turbine generator set disclosed herein, gust wind conditions can be identified more accurately, and pitch control of the wind turbine generator set can be performed to solve or alleviate the ultimate load problem, ensuring the safety and stability of the unit.

[0044] A pitch control method for a wind turbine generator under gusty wind conditions according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure may include the following steps:

[0045] like Figure 1 As shown, in step S110, the wind speed characteristic quantity of the wind reaching the rotor of the wind turbine can be determined based on the wind speed data.

[0046] In this step, wind speed data can be obtained through wind measurement equipment such as lidar, millimeter-wave ranging radar, microwave radar, and acoustic radar. Lidar-based feedforward control can be applied to wind turbine generators. The lidar can be installed on the nacelle or hub of the wind turbine generator and can measure the wind speed in front of the rotor. Therefore, the lidar can measure the wind field information in front of the rotor and identify gusts. Upon identifying a gust, the unit can enter a safety protection mode to ensure overall machine safety and reduce load. However, the embodiments disclosed herein are not limited to this; wind speed data can also be obtained through other devices or methods, such as estimation using machine learning models or empirical models.

[0047] Wind speed characteristic quantities can characterize the properties of wind speed. For example, they can be obtained by reconstructing the wind speed of the corresponding incoming wind based on wind speed data, such as equivalent wind speed or average wind speed.

[0048] As an example, wind speed characteristics can be determined in the following way:

[0049] like Figure 2 As shown, in step S210, wind speed data in one or more wind speed sections pointing from the incoming wind side to the impeller can be obtained.

[0050] In step S220, the wind speed characteristic quantity at the current moment can be determined based on the wind speed data, the distance of each wind speed section from the impeller, and the wind speed processing parameters on the impeller at the current moment.

[0051] Here, the wind speed processing parameters can be: the average wind speed within a preset time period before the current moment, or the average wind speed of each wind speed section at the current moment.

[0052] Specifically, wind speed characteristics at the impeller surface in front of the impeller can be measured in advance using hardware sensors such as remote sensing wind sensors. For example, wind speeds at single or multi-section measurement radars can be reconstructed. The reconstructed wind speed characteristics can comprehensively reflect the wind conditions in front of the impeller, thus facilitating more accurate identification of gust winds.

[0053] The following will provide several example procedures for determining wind speed characteristic quantities.

[0054] In one example, the wind speed processing parameter can be the average wind speed over a preset time period prior to the current moment.

[0055] For example, such as Figure 3 As shown, taking a four-beam pulse lidar as an example, the wind measurement device can simultaneously measure wind speed data at one or more distance gates (i.e., wind speed sections), and can acquire the wind speed of each beam at multiple distance gates. The distance from each wind speed section to the impeller can be, for example, the distance from the distance gate where the wind speed section is located to the impeller, and this distance can be read at the wind measurement device.

[0056] although Figure 3 The example shown uses two wind speed sections, but it is not limited to this and can also have one or more wind speed sections.

[0057] In this example, wind speed reconstruction can be performed using an ideal model, which is particularly suitable for scenarios with low wind turbulence intensity and low wind shear intensity. Specifically, it can be assumed that the wind speed in front of the impeller travels towards the impeller at a fixed average speed.

[0058] For example, it can be expressed by the following formula (1) t Wind speed characteristic at any given time:

[0059] (1)

[0060] in, Indicates the first j At each measurement location (e.g., wind speed section) x Average wind speed at any given time; j This indicates the number of a point on the path, such as the number of a distance gate (i.e., a wind speed section); n This indicates the total number of measurement locations, such as the total number of distance gates; t This indicates the current moment, such as the moment when the wind reaches the turbine's rotor. x j Indicates the first j The measurement distance between each measurement location and the measurement device; x 1 indicates the measurement distance between the first measurement position and the measuring device; This represents the wind speed processing parameters, specifically the average wind speed over a preset time period preceding the current moment. For example, it could be a wind speed characteristic quantity. The average value over a preset time period before the current moment. Here, the preset time period can be, for example, but not limited to, 100s or 600s.

[0061] Here, the preset time length can be set according to actual needs. The average wind speed within the preset time length can be estimated or measured by other methods, such as by measuring it with an anemometer installed at or near the impeller.

[0062] In another example, the wind speed processing parameter can be the average wind speed at the current moment for each wind speed section.

[0063] During the movement of the wind in front of the impeller, there is a wind speed evolution effect, which further causes the average wind speed at different distances from the impeller to change. Therefore, in order to make the wind speed reconstruction method closer to the actual wind speed operation process, the average wind speed at each wind speed section can be considered for wind speed reconstruction processing.

[0064] Here, wind speed evolution can refer to the change or evolution of wind speed over time. Wind speed refers to the speed of the wind, usually expressed in miles per hour (mph) or meters per second (m / s). Wind speed evolution can refer to the trend of wind speed change over time at a certain location, or the trend of wind speed change over time at multiple locations in a certain area.

[0065] For example, it can be expressed by the following formula (2) t Wind speed characteristic at any given time:

[0066] (2)

[0067] in, Indicates the first j At each measurement location (e.g., wind speed section) x Average wind speed at any given time; j This indicates the number of a point on the path, such as the number of a distance gate (i.e., a wind speed section); n This indicates the total number of measurement locations, such as the total number of distance gates; t This indicates the current moment, such as the moment when the wind reaches the turbine's rotor. x j Indicates the first j The measurement distance between each measurement location and the measurement device; x 1 indicates the measurement distance between the first measurement position and the measuring device; This represents the wind speed processing parameter, specifically, the first... jThe average wind speed of a wind speed cross-section within a preset time period prior to the current moment. Here, the preset time period may be, for example, but is not limited to, 100s or 600s.

[0068] Here, the first j The average wind speed at a given wind speed cross-section at the current moment can be estimated or measured using other methods, such as by measuring it with an anemometer installed at or near the impeller. Figure 3 For example, the wind speed at multiple points in each wind speed section can be calculated, and the average of the wind speeds at these multiple points can be taken as the average wind speed of that wind speed section.

[0069] In yet another example, the wind speed processing parameter can be the average wind speed at the current moment for each of the multiple paths at each wind speed section.

[0070] Specifically, based on the laws of wind speed evolution, theoretically, the average wind speed at different measurement distances and heights in front of the rotor is affected by the evolution effect. Therefore, in order to build a detailed wind speed reconstruction model, it can be assumed that the wind speed at different measurement positions and heights in front of the wind turbine rotor moves forward according to different average wind speeds in order to perform wind speed reconstruction processing.

[0071] In this example, the wind speed data may include wind speed data at each wind speed section of multiple paths pointing from the windward side to the impeller. The wind speed characteristic at the current moment can be determined by the following method: the wind speed characteristic at the current moment can be determined based on the wind speed data, the direction of each of the multiple paths, the distance of each wind speed section from the impeller, the wind speed processing parameters on the impeller at the current moment, and the number of paths.

[0072] Here, the direction of each path can be represented, for example, by the angle between the path and the horizontal line, but it is not limited to this and can also be represented in other ways, such as the angle with the vertical line, the angle with another path, vector coordinates, etc. Specifically, the direction of the path can be arbitrary. For example, the direction of the beam emitted by the lidar can be divergent. When calculating the composite wind speed, the direction of the path can be converted to a direction perpendicular to the impeller surface. Therefore, the direction of the path can be represented by the angle between the path and the horizontal line perpendicular to the impeller surface.

[0073] Still with Figure 3 For example, when the wind measuring device is a four-beam pulse lidar, the wind speed of each beam at multiple distance gates (i.e., wind speed sections) can be obtained. For instance, four paths formed by the four beams can be selected, and the wind speed at two distance gates on each path can be measured respectively.

[0074] Although this example uses four paths and two points on each path to obtain wind speed data, the embodiments disclosed herein are not limited to this, and more or fewer paths and / or more or fewer points on each path may be selected.

[0075] As an example, if the wind speed at all points on the path at the corresponding target time is obtained, the average wind speed at these points in a specific direction can be calculated.

[0076] For example, the first can be represented by the following formula (3). i The composite wind speed of each path at the current moment :

[0077] (3)

[0078] in, Indicates the first i The path of the first j At each measurement location (e.g., wind speed section) x Average wind speed at any given time; i The path number indicates the path number; for example, in the case of a four-beam radar, i The value can be 1, 2, 3, or 4; j This indicates the number of a point on the path, such as the number of a distance gate (i.e., a wind speed section); n This indicates the total number of measurement locations, such as the total number of distance gates; Indicates the first i The direction of a path, such as the angle between the path and the horizontal line; t This indicates the current moment, such as the moment when the wind reaches the turbine's rotor. x j Indicates the first j The measurement distance between each measurement location and the measurement device; x 1 indicates the measurement distance between the first measurement position and the measuring device; This represents the wind speed processing parameter, specifically, it represents the first... i The path in the first... j The average wind speed of a wind speed cross-section within a preset time period prior to the current moment. Here, the preset time period may be, for example, but is not limited to, 100s or 600s.

[0079] Based on the above equation (3), the following equation (4) can be used to express that in t Wind speed characteristic at any given time:

[0080] (4)

[0081] in, m This represents the total number of paths, such as the total number of beams.

[0082] In this example, because the wind speed at multiple measurement locations along multiple paths is taken into account, the wind speed evolution process can be better obtained, which can be closer to the actual wind speed changes, making the reconstructed wind speed features more representative.

[0083] In step S120, the wind speed trend can be determined based on the wind speed characteristic quantity.

[0084] In this step, the wind speed trend can characterize the cumulative amount of change in wind speed characteristics over a preset time period before the wind reaches the impeller.

[0085] Gusts can be defined as winds that deviate from their average speed, either positively or negatively, within a specified time period. During gusts, wind speed may deviate from its average value for a short period. Therefore, by calculating the cumulative change in wind speed characteristics over a time period, gust conditions can be identified more accurately and promptly, allowing for timely implementation of unit control strategies.

[0086] As an example, the wind speed trend can be determined in the following way: the wind speed trend can be determined based on the cumulative amount of the wind speed characteristic over a preset time period and the cumulative amount of the initial value of the wind speed characteristic over a preset time period.

[0087] Here, the initial value can be the wind speed characteristic at the initial moment within a preset time period. Specifically, the change in the cumulative amount of the wind speed characteristic within the preset time period can be determined based on the difference between the cumulative amount of the wind speed characteristic within the preset time period and the cumulative amount of the wind speed characteristic at the initial moment within the preset time period.

[0088] For example, Figure 4 The diagram illustrates the wind speed curve showing the trend of gust wind conditions, using the EOG (Extreme Operating Gust) wind condition from IEC 61400-1 as an example. Here, EOG (Extreme Operating Gust) wind condition is a type of extreme gust wind defined by the IEC 61400-1 international standard. Figure 4 As shown, if the current time is t 0, the preset time period length is t Then the initial time of the preset time period is ( t 0- t ).

[0089] As an example, wind speed trend volume S It can be expressed by the following equation (5):

[0090] (5)

[0091] in, Represents the characteristic quantity of wind speed. This indicates the wind speed characteristic quantity within a preset time period. t The cumulative amount within, Initial value of wind speed characteristic quantity During the preset time period t The cumulative amount within.

[0092] Reference Figure 4 The curve shown can be considered as the difference between the area under the curve of the wind speed characteristic quantity within a preset time period (i.e., the area formed by the curve and the horizontal axis within the preset time period) and the area accumulated by the wind speed characteristic quantity at the initial moment over the preset time period (i.e., the rectangular area formed by the magnitude of the wind speed characteristic quantity at the initial moment and the length of the preset time period).

[0093] By using the above method to determine the trend quantity by the difference between two cumulative quantities, the change of wind speed from the moment of the sudden change (such as the initial moment mentioned above) can be reflected. The base wind speed that already exists at the moment of the sudden change can be eliminated. This means that no matter what the base wind speed is, the focus is always on the relative magnitude of the cumulative change of wind speed characteristic quantity, avoiding the difference in gust wind condition identification caused by different base wind speeds, and thus more accurately identifying gust wind conditions.

[0094] As an example, the length of the preset time period can be determined in the following way: based on the wind speed characteristic, the distance from the equivalent wind speed section where the wind speed characteristic is located to the rotor, and the pitch response time of the wind turbine's pitch system.

[0095] Here, the length of the preset time period is determined. t In such cases, it is advisable to allow for advance control time for the generator unit to achieve more effective control. For example, the length of the preset time period. t It can at least meet the following conditions:

[0096]

[0097] in, It is a characteristic quantity of wind speed. x τ is the distance between the equivalent wind speed section containing the wind speed characteristic and the rotor surface of the wind turbine generator set, and τ is the response time of the pitch actuator of the wind turbine generator set.

[0098] Based on the above conditions, the length of the preset time period can be determined more reasonably, allowing sufficient time for pitch control in response to gusts and wind conditions, thus achieving better unit control performance. However, the preset time period is not limited to this; it may not be calculated according to the above conditions. For example, even if the preset time period is short, pitch control can still alleviate at least part of the load problem.

[0099] Return to reference Figure 1 In step S130, the wind turbine generator set can be pitched in response to the wind speed trend indicating that the wind turbine generator set is in a gust of wind.

[0100] Given a defined wind speed trend, this trend reflects the cumulative energy accumulation process of wind speed changes and better illustrates the energy increase trend of the wind turbine after wind speed acts on the rotor. By analyzing the wind speed trend, it can be determined whether the current wind condition is a gust. If a gust is present, pitch control can be implemented; otherwise, the turbine can continue its current operation. For example, boundary value conditions can be preset for the wind speed trend. When the wind speed trend meets the boundary value conditions, it can be considered that a gust is present; when it does not meet the boundary value conditions, it can be considered that a gust is not present. Here, the boundary value conditions can be set according to actual needs. An example of boundary value conditions will be given below.

[0101] As an example, the wind turbine generator set can be determined to be in a gust wind condition in the following ways: in response to the condition that the wind speed trend amount meets a preset first boundary value, the wind turbine generator set is determined to be in a gust upwind wind condition; in response to the condition that the wind speed trend amount meets a preset second boundary value, the wind turbine generator set is determined to be in a gust downwind wind condition.

[0102] Specifically, gust wind conditions can be divided into upwind gusts and downwind gusts. First and second boundary values ​​can be preset for these two types of wind conditions to determine the specific gust wind conditions and take corresponding control strategies.

[0103] As an example, a first boundary value can be set for gust upwind conditions based on the needs of the wind turbine development process. S b_1 A second boundary value is set for the gust wind conditions. S b_2 When the wind speed trend is greater than S b_1 When this occurs, it can be identified as an upwind gust; when the wind speed trend S is less than... S b_2 When this occurs, it can be identified as a gusty downwind condition. Here, as an example, the first boundary value can be positive, and the second boundary value can be negative.

[0104] By distinguishing between upwind and downwind conditions, the pitch control of the generator unit can be refined, and corresponding control strategies can be adopted for different stages of gust conditions to improve control effectiveness.

[0105] Furthermore, as an example, due to the influence of wind zones (Class A, Class B, and Class C, etc.) during the design and development of wind turbine generators, the boundary value conditions for gust identification may not be uniform. Therefore, the aforementioned boundary value conditions can be determined based on the actual application of the generator set. For example, the EOG wind condition defined in the IEC 61400-1 standard can be used, and the length of a preset time period can be calculated under this standard wind condition. t The area of ​​the gust (i.e., the wind speed trend) within the gust area is used to determine the boundary value conditions for gust identification.

[0106] As an example, the wind speed trend under EOG wind conditions is: S In the case of 0, the first boundary value S b_1 Second boundary value S b_2 The following conditions can be met respectively:

[0107]

[0108] Choosing a boundary value within the range of the above conditions can achieve a balance between the frequency of gust recognition and the recognition effect. Specifically, if the boundary value is set below the lower limit when the above conditions are exceeded, the gust recognition may be too frequent due to the boundary value being too small; if the boundary value is set above the upper limit, the recognition effect may be weakened due to the boundary value being too large.

[0109] As an example, in step S130, the wind turbine generator can be pitch controlled in the following way:

[0110] like Figure 5 As shown, in step S510, the additional pitch angle or pitch rate can be determined based on the degree to which the wind speed characteristic quantity deviates from the rated wind speed of the wind turbine generator set.

[0111] Because the impact of gusts on the generator set varies under different wind speed conditions, generally speaking, the load reduction effect of the control is more important near the rated wind speed. Therefore, the additional pitch angle can be determined based on the degree to which the wind speed characteristic deviates from the rated wind speed of the wind turbine generator set.

[0112] Here, the degree to which the wind speed characteristic deviates from the rated wind speed can be negatively correlated with the additional pitch angle; when the wind speed characteristic is near the rated wind speed, the additional pitch angle can be larger. Furthermore, the degree to which the wind speed characteristic deviates from the rated wind speed is negatively correlated with the pitch rate.

[0113] As an example, in step S510, the additional pitch angle or pitch rate can be determined in the following way:

[0114] like Figure 6 As shown, in step S610, multiple wind speed ranges and candidate additional pitch angles or candidate pitch rates corresponding to each wind speed range can be determined based on the rated wind speed, cut-in wind speed, cut-out wind speed of the wind turbine generator set and preset correction values.

[0115] In step S620, the candidate additional pitch angle or candidate pitch rate corresponding to the wind speed range satisfied by the wind speed characteristic quantity can be determined as the additional pitch angle or pitch rate.

[0116] Here, multiple wind speed ranges can be defined for the wind speed characteristic, and different preset candidate additional pitch angles or pitch rates can correspond to different ranges.

[0117] As an example, the aforementioned multiple wind speed ranges may include a first wind speed range, a second wind speed range, and a third wind speed range. The first wind speed range can be determined based on a preset correction value and the rated wind speed, and includes the rated wind speed. The second wind speed range can be determined based on the cut-in wind speed of the wind turbine and the first wind speed range, and is less than the first wind speed range. The third wind speed range can be determined based on the cut-out wind speed of the wind turbine and the first wind speed range, and is greater than the first wind speed range. Here, the preset correction value can be determined according to actual needs or empirical methods to determine the first wind speed range near the rated wind speed.

[0118] Here, the candidate additional pitch angle corresponding to the first wind speed range can be greater than the candidate additional pitch angle corresponding to the third wind speed range, and the candidate additional pitch angle corresponding to the first wind speed range can be greater than the candidate additional pitch angle corresponding to the second wind speed range; similarly, the candidate pitch rate corresponding to the first wind speed range can be greater than the candidate pitch rate corresponding to the second wind speed range, and the candidate pitch rate corresponding to the third wind speed range can be greater than the candidate pitch rate corresponding to the first wind speed range. Thus, a larger additional pitch angle or pitch rate can be used when wind speed conditions are close to the rated wind speed, thereby improving the load reduction effect of pitch control.

[0119] In one example, when identified as a gusty upwind condition, wind speed characteristics and additional blade pitch angle can be established. The nonlinear relationship curve can be represented by the following equation (6):

[0120] (6)

[0121] in, Represents the characteristic quantity of wind speed. This indicates the cut-in wind speed of the wind turbine generator. This indicates the rated wind speed of the wind turbine generator set. This indicates the cut-out wind speed of the wind turbine generator. This represents the preset first correction value. This represents the preset second correction value. Indicates the maximum additional pitch requirement. f This represents the additional pitch requirement correction factor, where the unit of the additional pitch angle can be, for example, degrees (deg). Although Equation (6) shows the values ​​of the additional pitch angle in each wind speed range, it is not limited to this and can be set according to the actual situation.

[0122] As an example, the first correction value Second correction value and additional pitch requirement correction factor f The optimal value can be obtained through iterative analysis of load reduction requirements during the development of wind turbine generator sets. For example, based on experience in overall turbine development, , , Its unit can be meters per second (m / s), for example , Furthermore, the first and second correction values ​​can be the same or different. Different values ​​can be adjusted based on the wind speed range where the load constraints occur during the overall development of the wind turbine generator set. For example, taking a rated wind speed of 10 m / s as an example, if a load problem occurs at a wind speed of 7 m / s, then the first correction value... It can reach 4 m / s to identify and control wind speeds within a specific range, with a second correction value. The value of can be determined similarly.

[0123] For example, at the cut-in wind speed 3m / s, rated wind speed 10 m / s, cut-out wind speed 20 m / s, first correction value Second correction value 3m / s f In the example with a value of 0.8, it can be specifically as follows: Figure 7 The curves showing the nonlinear relationship between wind speed characteristics and additional pitch angle are shown.

[0124] In another example, when the wind condition is identified as a gusty descent, wind speed characteristics and pitch rate can be established. The nonlinear relationship curve can be represented by the following equation (7):

[0125] (7)

[0126] in, Represents the characteristic quantity of wind speed. This indicates the cut-in wind speed of the wind turbine generator. This indicates the rated wind speed of the wind turbine generator set. This indicates the cut-out wind speed of the wind turbine generator. This represents the preset first correction value. This represents the preset second correction value. This indicates the maximum pitch rate requirement. f This represents the additional pitch requirement correction factor. Although Equation (7) shows the pitch rate values ​​for each wind speed range, it is not limited to these values ​​and can be set according to actual conditions.

[0127] As an example, the first correction value Second correction value and additional pitch requirement correction factor f The optimal value can be obtained through iterative analysis of load reduction requirements during the development of wind turbine generator sets. For example, based on experience in overall turbine development, , , Its unit can be meters per second (m / s), for example , Furthermore, the first and second correction values ​​can be the same or different. Different values ​​can be adjusted based on the wind speed range where the load constraints occur during the overall development of the wind turbine generator set. For example, taking a rated wind speed of 10 m / s as an example, if a load problem occurs at a wind speed of 7 m / s, then the first correction value... It can reach 4 m / s to identify and control wind speeds within a specific range, with a second correction value. The value of can be determined similarly.

[0128] For example, at the cut-in wind speed 3m / s, rated wind speed 10 m / s, cut-out wind speed 20 m / s, first correction value Second correction value 3m / s f In the example with a value of 0.8, it can be specifically as follows: Figure 8 The curves showing the nonlinear relationship between wind speed characteristics and pitch rate are shown above. Figure 7 And here Figure 8 The purpose is to show the relationship between wind speed characteristics and additional pitch angle and pitch rate, therefore specific values ​​are not shown.

[0129] Using the above method, the additional pitch angle or pitch rate can be determined based on wind speed conditions and whether the gust is an upwind or downwind condition, and pitch control can be performed to provide more precise load protection under gust conditions.

[0130] In step S520, pitch control of the wind turbine generator can be performed based on the additional pitch angle or pitch rate.

[0131] After determining the additional pitch angle or pitch rate, the blades of the wind turbine can be controlled to perform the pitch retraction action according to the additional pitch angle or pitch rate.

[0132] In gusty upwind conditions, after determining the additional pitch angle, the blades of the wind turbine can be controlled to perform a pitch-retracting action at a certain pitch rate, controlling the pitch angle of the three blades from the current pitch angle θ to θ+. At position θ. Upon reaching θ+ After the θ position, the pitch angle of the wind turbine can be limited, and the turbine is not allowed to perform the pitching action until the gust wind has passed through the rotor surface of the wind turbine.

[0133] Under gusty and descending wind conditions, once the pitch rate is determined, when the wind turbine is in the open-pitch state, the pitch rate of the wind turbine must not exceed the set pitch rate. .

[0134] Using the above method, when gusty winds are identified, pitch control can be performed based on wind speed conditions. Since the wind speed change trend is obtained in advance through trend data, this control method has a time lead, which can effectively reduce the ultimate load of the wind turbine and prevent overspeed.

[0135] Figure 9 and Figure 10 The effects of using a pitch control method for a wind turbine generator under gusty wind conditions according to exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure and not using a pitch control method are shown respectively.

[0136] Compared to not employing pitch control, when using the method according to exemplary embodiments of this disclosure, such as Figure 9 As shown, this can reduce the load on the unit; such as Figure 10 As shown, this can reduce nacelle acceleration, thereby improving the stability of the unit.

[0137] The pitch control method for wind turbine generators under gusty wind conditions according to the embodiments of this disclosure can accurately identify gusty wind conditions and, under extreme gusty wind conditions, reduce the ultimate load of the wind turbine generator through pitch control or torque control, thereby ensuring the safety of the generator.

[0138] According to a second aspect of this disclosure, a computer device is provided, the computer device comprising: at least one processor; at least one memory storing computer-executable instructions, wherein the computer-executable instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the at least one processor to perform the pitch control method for a wind turbine generator under gust wind conditions according to an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure.

[0139] As an example, computer equipment can be installed in the wind turbine generator set, or the computer equipment can be connected to the control system of the wind turbine generator set.

[0140] As an example, a computer device can be a PC, tablet, personal digital assistant, smartphone, or other device capable of executing the aforementioned set of instructions. Here, a computer device is not necessarily a single electronic device, but can be any collection of devices or circuits capable of executing the aforementioned instructions (or instruction sets) individually or in combination. A computer device can also be part of an integrated control system or system manager, or can be configured to interconnect with a portable electronic device locally or remotely (e.g., via wireless transmission) through an interface.

[0141] In computer devices, a processor may include a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), a programmable logic device, a dedicated processor system, a microcontroller, or a microprocessor. By way of example and not limitation, a processor may also include analog processors, digital processors, microprocessors, multi-core processors, processor arrays, network processors, etc.

[0142] The processor can execute instructions or code stored in memory, which can also store data. Instructions and data can also be sent and received over a network via a network interface device, which can employ any known transport protocol.

[0143] Memory can be integrated with the processor; for example, RAM or flash memory can be housed within an integrated circuit microprocessor. Alternatively, memory can comprise a separate device, such as an external disk drive, storage array, or other storage device that can be used by any database system. Memory and processor can be operatively coupled, or can communicate with each other, for example, via I / O ports, network connections, etc., enabling the processor to read files stored in the memory.

[0144] In addition, computer equipment may include video displays (such as liquid crystal displays) and user interaction interfaces (such as keyboards, mice, touch input devices, etc.). All components of a computer device may be interconnected via buses and / or networks.

[0145] According to a third aspect of this disclosure, a wind turbine generator set is provided, which may include the computer equipment described in embodiments of this disclosure.

[0146] According to a fourth aspect of this disclosure, a computer-readable storage medium is provided that, when instructions in the computer-readable storage medium are executed by at least one processor, causes the at least one processor to perform a pitch control method for a wind turbine generator under gust wind conditions according to an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure.

[0147] The pitch control method for a wind turbine generator under gusty wind conditions according to embodiments of this disclosure can be programmed into a computer program and stored on a computer-readable storage medium. Examples of computer-readable storage media include: read-only memory (ROM), random access programmable read-only memory (PROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), random access memory (RAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), static random access memory (SRAM), flash memory, non-volatile memory, CD-ROM, CD-R, CD+R, CD-RW, CD+RW, DVD-ROM, DVD-R, DVD+R, DVD-RW, DVD+RW, DVD-RAM, BD-ROM, BD-R, BD-R LTH, BD-RE, Blu-ray or optical disc storage, hard disk drive (HDD), solid-state drive (SSD), card storage (such as multimedia cards, secure digital (SD) cards, or ultra-fast digital (XD) cards), magnetic tape, floppy disk, magneto-optical data storage device, optical data storage device, hard disk, solid-state drive, and any other device configured to store computer programs and any associated data, data files, and data structures in a non-transitory manner and to provide the computer programs and any associated data, data files, and data structures to a processor or computer so that the processor or computer can execute the computer programs. In one example, the computer programs and any associated data, data files, and data structures are distributed across a networked computer system, such that the computer programs and any associated data, data files, and data structures are stored, accessed, and executed in a distributed manner through one or more processors or computers.

[0148] The specific embodiments of this disclosure have been described in detail above. Although some embodiments have been shown and described, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of this disclosure, which are defined by the claims and their equivalents. Such modifications and variations should also be within the protection scope of the claims of this disclosure.

Claims

1. A pitch control method for a wind turbine generator set under gusty wind conditions, characterized in that, The pitch control method includes: Based on wind speed data, determine the wind speed characteristics of the wind reaching the rotor of the wind turbine generator. Based on the wind speed characteristic quantity, a wind speed trend quantity is determined, wherein the wind speed trend quantity represents the cumulative amount of change of the wind speed characteristic quantity during a preset time period before the wind reaches the impeller. In response to the wind speed trend indicating that the wind turbine is in gusty wind conditions, pitch control is applied to the wind turbine. The wind speed trend is determined in the following way: The wind speed trend is determined based on the cumulative amount of the wind speed characteristic quantity within the preset time period and the cumulative amount of the initial value of the wind speed characteristic quantity within the preset time period. The initial value is the wind speed characteristic at the initial moment within the preset time period.

2. The pitch control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The wind turbine generator set is determined to be in gust wind conditions using the following methods: In response to the condition that the wind speed trend meets the preset first boundary value, it is determined that the wind turbine is in a gust upwind condition. In response to the condition that the wind speed trend meets the preset second boundary value, it is determined that the wind turbine is in a gust of descending wind.

3. The pitch control method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The wind turbine generator set is pitch controlled in the following manner: The additional pitch angle or pitch rate is determined based on the degree to which the wind speed characteristic deviates from the rated wind speed of the wind turbine generator set. Pitch control is performed on the wind turbine generator based on the additional pitch angle or the pitch rate. The degree to which the wind speed characteristic quantity deviates from the rated wind speed is negatively correlated with the pitch rate.

4. The pitch control method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The step of determining the additional pitch angle or pitch rate based on the degree to which the wind speed characteristic deviates from the rated wind speed of the wind turbine generator includes: Based on the rated wind speed, cut-in wind speed, cut-out wind speed and preset correction value of the wind turbine generator set, multiple wind speed ranges and candidate additional pitch angles or candidate pitch rates corresponding to each wind speed range are determined. The candidate additional pitch angle or candidate pitch rate corresponding to the wind speed range satisfied by the wind speed characteristic quantity is determined as the additional pitch angle or the pitch rate.

5. The pitch control method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The multiple wind speed ranges include a first wind speed range, a second wind speed range, and a third wind speed range. The first wind speed range is determined based on a preset correction value and the rated wind speed, and includes the rated wind speed; The second wind speed range is determined based on the cut-in wind speed of the wind turbine generator and the first wind speed range, and is smaller than the first wind speed range; The third wind speed range is determined based on the cut-out wind speed of the wind turbine generator and the first wind speed range, and is greater than the first wind speed range.

6. The pitch control method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The candidate additional pitch angle corresponding to the first wind speed range is greater than the candidate additional pitch angle corresponding to the third wind speed range, and the candidate additional pitch angle corresponding to the first wind speed range is greater than the candidate additional pitch angle corresponding to the second wind speed range. Among them, the candidate pitch rate corresponding to the first wind speed range is greater than the candidate pitch rate corresponding to the second wind speed range, and the candidate pitch rate corresponding to the third wind speed range is greater than the candidate pitch rate corresponding to the first wind speed range.

7. The pitch control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The wind speed characteristic quantity is determined in the following manner: Acquire wind speed data in one or more wind speed sections pointing from the incoming wind side to the impeller; Based on the wind speed data, the distance of each wind speed section from the impeller, and the wind speed processing parameters on the impeller at the current moment, the wind speed characteristic quantity at the current moment is determined. The wind speed processing parameters are: the average wind speed within a preset time period before the current moment, or the average wind speed at the current moment for each wind speed cross-section.

8. The pitch control method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The wind speed data includes wind speed data at each wind speed section along multiple paths from the incoming wind side to the impeller, wherein the wind speed characteristic quantity at the current moment is determined by the following method: Based on the wind speed data, the direction of each of the multiple paths, the distance of each wind speed cross-section from the impeller, the wind speed processing parameters on the impeller at the current moment, and the number of paths, the wind speed characteristic quantity at the current moment is determined. The wind speed processing parameter is: the average wind speed of each of the multiple paths at each wind speed section at the current moment.

9. The pitch control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The length of the preset time period is determined in the following way: The length of the preset time period is determined based on the wind speed characteristic, the distance from the equivalent wind speed section where the wind speed characteristic is located to the impeller, and the pitch response time of the pitch system of the wind turbine generator set.

10. A computer device, characterized in that, include: At least one processor; At least one memory that stores computer-executable instructions. Wherein, when the computer-executable instructions are executed by the at least one processor, the at least one processor causes the at least one processor to execute the pitch control method for wind turbine generators under gusty wind conditions as described in any one of claims 1-9.

11. A wind turbine generator set, characterized in that, The wind turbine generator set includes the computer equipment according to claim 10.

12. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, When the instructions in the computer-readable storage medium are executed by at least one processor, the at least one processor causes the at least one processor to perform the pitch control method for wind turbine generators under gusty wind conditions as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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