Wind turbine generator cooling system and control method

Abstract

According to the wind turbine generator heat dissipation system and the control method, a sand and dust concentration detection device, a cabin cover outer shell heat dissipation device, a cabin cover inner shell heat dissipation device and a tower top heat dissipation filtering device are arranged, and according to the sand and dust concentration numerical value monitored by the sand and dust concentration detection device, heat dissipation filtering is conducted on the cabin cover outer shell heat dissipation device and the tower top heat dissipation filtering device; different heat dissipation modes are started in combination with data such as the temperature, the wind speed and the operation state of the wind turbine generator set, heat dissipation of the cabin cover outer shell heat dissipation device and the cabin cover inner shell heat dissipation device is independently controlled, adaptive heat dissipation operation can be carried out on the environment, the heat dissipation capacity of the set at the high temperature is guaranteed, and the heat dissipation efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of fan heat dissipation, and in particular to a wind turbine heat dissipation system and a control method. Background Art

[0003] Currently, there are four main ways to dissipate heat for wind turbines, namely natural cooling, forced air cooling, water cooling, and mixed cooling.

[0004] For ultra-large wind turbines operating under high temperature conditions in deserts, the industry's pain points are to systematically improve the wind and sand protection, heat dissipation, and high temperature resistance of wind turbines, especially in large-scale projects in the four major deserts of Inner Mongolia and international projects similar to those in Saudi Arabia.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a heat dissipation system for wind turbines that can be highly adapted to the region and meet the needs of the Shagohuang super-large wind turbines at large bases at home and abroad. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a wind turbine heat dissipation system and control method, which monitors the dust content through an air environment monitoring system, activates different heat dissipation modes based on data such as the wind turbine temperature, wind speed, and operating status, and can perform adaptive heat dissipation operation according to the environment, thereby ensuring the heat dissipation capacity of the unit at high temperatures and improving the heat dissipation efficiency.

[0007] To solve the above technical problems, an embodiment of the present invention provides a wind turbine heat dissipation system, including a dust concentration detection device, a nacelle cover outer shell heat dissipation device, a nacelle cover inner shell heat dissipation device, a tower top heat dissipation filter device and a controller. The dust concentration detection device is arranged on the top of the outer cover of the wind turbine with a double shell structure, and is used to detect the dust concentration value at the location of the wind turbine and output it to the controller. The nacelle cover inner shell heat dissipation device is arranged in the nacelle of the wind turbine, the nacelle cover outer shell heat dissipation device is arranged on the nacelle outer shell of the wind turbine, and the tower top heat dissipation filter device is arranged on the top of the tower of the wind turbine, and is used to filter the dust in the wind generated by the chimney effect at the bottom of the tower. After receiving the dust concentration value, the controller controls the nacelle cover outer shell heat dissipation device and the nacelle cover inner shell heat dissipation device to perform heat dissipation operation according to the dust concentration value and the preset heat dissipation start conditions of the nacelle cover outer shell heat dissipation device and the nacelle cover inner shell heat dissipation device.

[0008] Among them, the heat dissipation device of the nacelle cover outer shell includes an inner and outer cover connecting frame, a forced ventilation fan between the inner and outer covers, an outer cover outer shell and an outer cover inner shell. The inner and outer cover connecting frame is used to support the outer shell of the wind turbine set and connect the outer cover of the wind turbine set with the inner cover of the wind turbine set. The forced ventilation fan between the inner and outer covers is arranged on the windward surfaces of both sides of the nacelle of the wind turbine set. The outer surface of the outer cover outer shell is provided with a wind and sand proof coating. A heat conductive metal layer is arranged inside the outer cover inner shell to assist the channel heat dissipation of the nacelle. A heat-resistant layer is arranged between the outer cover outer shell and the outer cover inner shell.

[0009] Wherein, the outer shell of the outer cover is a heat-resistant outer shell, and the inner shell of the outer cover is a heat-resistant outer shell.

[0010] Among them, the heat dissipation device of the inner shell of the cabin cover includes an inner shell outer cover, an inner shell top exhaust fan, an inner shell cooling fin and an inner shell side wall ventilation fan. The inner shell outer cover is provided with a second metal heat conductive layer for assisting the heat dissipation of the cabin. The inner shell top exhaust fan is arranged at the top of the heat dissipation channel in the cabin and is used to discharge the hot air in the cabin. The inner shell cooling fin is provided with multiple layers of heat conductive layers and is arranged in the cabin to realize air convection and heat dissipation inside and outside the cabin. The inner shell side wall ventilation fan is provided with a wind and sand filtering unit, a protective cover and a sealing structure to prevent external impurities from entering the cabin of the unit. The inner shell side wall ventilation fan is installed on the side wall of the cabin inner shell and is used to blow air into the cabin to ensure that the interior of the cabin has a slightly positive pressure state.

[0011] Wherein, the inner shell and outer cover are aluminum alloy inner shell and outer cover or stainless steel inner shell and outer cover.

[0012] Wherein, the shape of the inner shell heat dissipation fins is straight, corrugated or sawtooth.

[0013] Wherein, the inner shell heat dissipation fins are copper inner shell heat dissipation fins, aluminum inner shell heat dissipation fins or copper-aluminum alloy inner shell heat dissipation fins.

[0014] Wherein, the tower top heat dissipation and filtering device comprises an inner tower sand filter installed on the top of the inner wall of the tower top of the wind turbine generator set, and the inner tower sand filter is a stainless steel mesh or an alloy mesh.

[0015] Among them, it also includes a data storage device, a parameter input device and a heat dissipation optimization device connected to the controller, the data storage device is used to store the dust concentration value obtained by the dust concentration detection device and the corresponding operating data of the nacelle cover outer shell heat dissipation device and the nacelle cover inner shell heat dissipation device, the parameter input device is used to input the operating parameters of the nacelle cover outer shell heat dissipation device and the nacelle cover inner shell heat dissipation device under different dust concentration values ​​from the outside, and the heat dissipation optimization device is used to perform data self-learning optimization after fusing the stored data in the data storage device and the structural characteristics of the nacelle cover outer shell heat dissipation device and the nacelle cover inner shell heat dissipation device according to the cabin temperature value of the wind turbine and the operating state of the controller, combined with the SCADA data of the wind turbine, so as to perform optimization control with the minimum energy consumption for sand prevention as the optimization condition, and output the optimal control strategy to the controller.

[0016] In addition, an embodiment of the present application further provides a wind turbine heat dissipation system control method, which is applied to the wind turbine heat dissipation system as described above, comprising:

[0017] S1, detect the dust concentration value where the wind turbine is located;

[0018] S2, determining and outputting the dust content level of the dust concentration value, wherein the dust content level includes a low concentration level, a medium concentration level and a high concentration level;

[0019] S3, determining a heat dissipation mode according to the dust content level of the dust concentration value, the heat dissipation mode comprising an inner shell forced ventilation mode corresponding to the low concentration level, an inner shell weak ventilation mode corresponding to the medium concentration level, and a pure fin heat dissipation mode corresponding to the high concentration level of the inner shell weak ventilation mode, wherein the inner shell forced ventilation mode is to open the inner shell side wall ventilation fan of the wind turbine cooling system at full power to perform forced large-flow positive pressure heat dissipation and inner shell cooling fin working heat dissipation of the wind turbine cooling system, the inner shell weak ventilation mode is to adjust the ventilation volume of the inner shell side wall ventilation fan according to the filtering capacity of the tower top cooling filter device of the wind turbine cooling system, and control the inner shell cooling fins to perform heat dissipation while ensuring that there is no dust inside the cabin, and the pure fin heat dissipation mode is to control the inner shell cooling fins to perform sealed fin heat exchange by disabling the inner shell side wall ventilation fan.

[0020] The wind turbine heat dissipation system and control method provided by the embodiments of the present invention have the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0021] The wind turbine heat dissipation system and control method provided by the embodiment of the present invention, by setting a dust concentration detection device, a nacelle cover outer shell heat dissipation device, a nacelle cover inner shell heat dissipation device and a tower top heat dissipation filter device, activates different heat dissipation modes according to the dust concentration value monitored by the dust concentration detection device in combination with data such as the wind turbine temperature, wind speed, and operating status, independently controls the heat dissipation of the nacelle cover outer shell heat dissipation device and the nacelle cover inner shell heat dissipation device, can carry out adaptive heat dissipation operation according to the environment, ensures the heat dissipation capacity of the unit at high temperature, and improves the heat dissipation efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0023] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a wind turbine heat dissipation system provided by the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a heat dissipation device for a shell inside a nacelle cover of an embodiment of a heat dissipation system for a wind turbine provided by the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 A schematic flow chart of the steps of an embodiment of a control method provided by the present invention;

[0026] Among them, there are a dust concentration detection device 101, an inner and outer cover connecting frame 201, a forced ventilation fan 202 between the inner and outer covers, an outer cover outer shell 203, an outer cover inner shell 204, an inner wall of the tower top 301, a wind and sand filter in the tower tube 302, an inner shell outer cover 401, an inner shell top exhaust fan 402, an inner shell heat dissipation fin 403, and an inner shell side wall ventilation fan 404. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] Please refer to Figure 1-Figure 3 , Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a wind turbine heat dissipation system provided by the present invention; Figure 2A schematic diagram of the structure of a heat dissipation device for a shell inside a nacelle cover of an embodiment of a heat dissipation system for a wind turbine provided by the present invention; Figure 3 A schematic flow chart of the steps of an embodiment of the control method provided by the present invention.

[0029] In a specific embodiment, the wind turbine heat dissipation system includes a dust concentration detection device 101, a nacelle cover outer shell heat dissipation device, a nacelle cover inner shell heat dissipation device, a tower top heat dissipation filter device and a controller. The dust concentration detection device 101 is arranged on the top of the outer cover of the wind turbine with a double shell structure, and is used to detect the dust concentration value at the location of the wind turbine and output it to the controller. The nacelle cover inner shell heat dissipation device is arranged in the nacelle of the wind turbine, and the nacelle cover outer shell heat dissipation device is arranged on the nacelle outer shell of the wind turbine. The tower top heat dissipation filter device is arranged on the top of the tower of the wind turbine, and is used to filter the dust in the wind generated by the chimney effect at the bottom of the tower. After receiving the dust concentration value, the control controls the nacelle cover outer shell heat dissipation device and the nacelle cover inner shell heat dissipation device to perform heat dissipation operation according to the dust concentration value and the preset heat dissipation start conditions of the nacelle cover outer shell heat dissipation device and the nacelle cover inner shell heat dissipation device.

[0030] By setting a dust concentration detection device 101, a nacelle cover outer shell heat dissipation device, a nacelle cover inner shell heat dissipation device and a tower top heat dissipation filter device, different heat dissipation modes are activated according to the dust concentration value monitored by the dust concentration detection device 101, combined with data such as the temperature, wind speed, and operating status of the wind turbine set, and the heat dissipation of the nacelle cover outer shell heat dissipation device and the nacelle cover inner shell heat dissipation device are independently controlled, and adaptive heat dissipation operation can be carried out according to the environment, thereby ensuring the heat dissipation capacity of the unit at high temperatures and improving the heat dissipation efficiency.

[0031] The wind turbine in the present application adopts a double shell structure, which can effectively resist side erosion and wear of wind and sand, and efficiently guide and dissipate heat for the incoming wind. When the wind and sand content is high, it can ensure a sand-free environment inside the wind turbine. The system also has the ability to self-clean wind and sand, thereby realizing maintenance-free operation of the heat dissipation system.

[0032] The double-shell ventilation duct rotates with the yaw system of the wind turbine and actively faces the wind. When the wind speed is high, the power generation is high and the heat dissipation is large, and the heat dissipation effect is enhanced. On the contrary, when the wind speed is low, the heat dissipation demand is small, and the structure can adapt to the heat dissipation needs of the unit.

[0033] In the present application, a heat dissipation device for the outer shell of the nacelle cover and a heat dissipation device for the inner shell of the nacelle cover are provided. When the concentration of wind and sand is low, the heat dissipation device for the outer shell of the nacelle cover can be used to dissipate heat using external wind power, thereby reducing heat dissipation power and cost. When the concentration of wind and sand is high, the heat dissipation device for the inner shell of the nacelle cover is used to dissipate heat, and heat is dissipated through the internal structure to prevent wind and sand from entering the interior, thereby improving heat dissipation safety and reliability.

[0034] The structure of the heat dissipation device for the outer shell of the nacelle cover is not described in detail in this application.

[0035] In one embodiment, the nacelle cover outer shell heat dissipation device includes an inner and outer cover connecting frame 201, a forced ventilation fan 202 between the inner and outer covers, an outer cover outer shell 203 and an outer cover inner shell 204, the inner and outer cover connecting frame 201 is used to support the outer shell of the wind turbine set and connect the outer cover of the wind turbine set with the inner cover of the wind turbine set, the forced ventilation fan 202 between the inner and outer covers is arranged on the windward sides of the nacelle of the wind turbine set, the outer surface of the outer cover outer shell 203 is provided with a wind and sand proof coating, the inner surface of the outer cover inner shell 204 is provided with a heat conductive metal layer for assisting the channel heat dissipation of the nacelle, and a heat-resistant layer is provided between the outer cover outer shell 203 and the outer cover inner shell 204.

[0036] By setting an inner and outer cover connecting frame 201 to support the outer shell of the wind turbine set and connecting the outer cover of the wind turbine set with the inner cover of the wind turbine set, a forced ventilation fan 202 is set between the inner and outer covers on the windward side of the cabin on both sides of the wind turbine set to achieve forced ventilation inside and outside, realize forced circulation of air inside and outside, and improve heat dissipation efficiency.

[0037] The outer surface of the outer cover shell 203 is provided with a wind and sandproof coating to resist long-term wind and sand impact and erosion. A heat-conducting metal layer is provided inside the outer cover inner shell 204 to assist the channel heat dissipation. A heat-resistance layer is provided between the outer cover outer shell 203 and the outer cover inner shell 204 to isolate the solar radiation heat transfer and reduce the increase of the internal temperature caused by the external solar radiation.

[0038] The material and thickness of the heat-resistant layer are not limited in this application.

[0039] The structure of the heat dissipation device for the nacelle cover shell in the present application includes but is not limited to the above-mentioned structure.

[0040] In order to reduce heat transfer, reduce the difficulty of subsequent heat dissipation and improve heat dissipation efficiency, the outer cover outer shell 203 is a heat-resistant outer cover outer shell, and the outer cover inner shell 204 is a heat-resistant outer cover inner shell.

[0041] The specific material and size of the heat-resistant outer cover outer shell 203 and the heat-resistant outer cover inner shell 204 are not limited in the present application.

[0042] In the present application, a heat dissipation device of the inner shell of the cabin cover is used to dissipate heat inside the cabin, and its specific structure is not limited.

[0043] In one embodiment, the heat dissipation device of the inner shell of the cabin cover includes an inner shell outer cover 401, an inner shell top exhaust fan 402, an inner shell cooling fin 403 and an inner shell side wall ventilation fan 404, the inner shell outer cover 401 is provided with a second metal heat conductive layer for assisting the heat dissipation of the cabin, the inner shell top exhaust fan 402 is arranged at the top of the heat dissipation channel in the cabin, and is used to discharge the hot air in the cabin, the inner shell cooling fin 403 is provided with multiple layers of heat conductive layers, and is arranged in the cabin, and is used to achieve air convection and heat dissipation inside and outside the cabin, the inner shell side wall ventilation fan 404 is provided with a wind and sand filtering unit, a protective cover and a sealing structure, and is used to prevent external impurities from entering the cabin of the unit, and the inner shell side wall ventilation fan 404 is installed on the side wall of the inner shell of the cabin, and is used to blow air into the cabin to ensure that the interior of the cabin has a slightly positive pressure state.

[0044] The inner shell outer cover 401 is provided with a second metal heat-conducting layer to assist the heat dissipation of the cabin. The exhaust fan 402 on the top of the inner shell is used to exhaust the internal hot air. The inner shell heat dissipation fins 403 are made of multiple layers of heat-conducting materials for heat transfer and heat exchange between the internal and external air convection on the fins. The inner shell side wall ventilation fan 404 has a wind and sand filtering device. The fan blows air into the cabin to ensure that the cabin has a slightly positive pressure state. After a certain period of operation, the fan can reverse to remove the wind and sand on the fan filter layer to ensure ventilation capacity.

[0045] The heat dissipation device of the inner shell of the nacelle cover in the present application includes but is not limited to the above-mentioned structure.

[0046] The material, size, shape, material, etc. of the inner shell cover 401 and the inner shell heat dissipation fins 403 are not limited in the present application. The inner shell cover 401 is an aluminum alloy inner shell cover 401 or a stainless steel inner shell cover 401, or an inner shell cover 401 of other materials.

[0047] Preferably, the inner shell heat dissipation fins 403 are straight, corrugated or sawtooth in shape, and are copper inner shell heat dissipation fins 403, aluminum inner shell heat dissipation fins 403 or copper-aluminum alloy inner shell heat dissipation fins 403.

[0048] The tower top heat dissipation and filtering device in the present application is used to achieve wind and sand filtering, and there is no limitation on its filtering material, etc. In one embodiment, the tower top heat dissipation and filtering device includes an inner tower sand filter 302 installed on the top of the tower top inner wall 301 of the wind turbine generator set, and the inner tower sand filter 302 is a stainless steel mesh or an alloy mesh.

[0049] In order to further improve the heat dissipation efficiency, reduce the heat dissipation energy consumption, and realize intelligent heat dissipation, in one embodiment, the wind turbine heat dissipation system also includes a data storage device connected to the controller, a parameter input device and a heat dissipation optimization device, the data storage device is used to store the dust concentration value obtained by the dust concentration detection device 101 and the corresponding operating data of the nacelle cover outer shell heat dissipation device and the nacelle cover inner shell heat dissipation device, the parameter input device is used to input the operating parameters of the nacelle cover outer shell heat dissipation device and the nacelle cover inner shell heat dissipation device under different dust concentration values ​​from the outside, and the heat dissipation optimization device is used to perform data self-learning optimization based on the storage data of the data storage device and the structural characteristics of the nacelle cover outer shell heat dissipation device and the nacelle cover inner shell heat dissipation device, according to the cabin temperature value of the wind turbine and the operating state of the controller, combined with the SCADA data of the wind turbine, so as to optimize the control with the minimum energy consumption for sand prevention as the optimization condition, and output the optimal control strategy to the controller.

[0050] By collecting data and control method data in real time, and then building a model, the control method is continuously optimized using neural network models and other methods, thereby continuously improving the heat dissipation control efficiency.

[0051] This application does not limit the model used for control optimization.

[0052] In addition, an embodiment of the present application further provides a wind turbine heat dissipation system control method, which is applied to the wind turbine heat dissipation system as described above, comprising:

[0053] S1, detect the dust concentration value where the wind turbine is located;

[0054] S2, determining and outputting the dust content level of the dust concentration value, wherein the dust content level includes a low concentration level, a medium concentration level and a high concentration level;

[0055] S3, determining a heat dissipation mode according to the dust content level of the dust concentration value, the heat dissipation mode including an inner shell forced ventilation mode corresponding to the low concentration level, an inner shell weak ventilation mode corresponding to the medium concentration level, and a pure fin heat dissipation mode corresponding to the high concentration level of the inner shell weak ventilation mode. The inner shell forced ventilation mode is to open the inner shell side wall ventilation fan 404 of the wind turbine cooling system at full power to perform forced large-flow positive pressure heat dissipation and inner shell cooling fins 403 of the wind turbine cooling system to work and dissipate heat. The inner shell weak ventilation mode adjusts the ventilation volume of the inner shell side wall ventilation fan 404 according to the filtering capacity of the tower top cooling filter device of the wind turbine cooling system, and controls the inner shell cooling fins 403 to perform heat dissipation while ensuring that there is no dust inside the cabin. The pure fin heat dissipation mode controls the inner shell cooling fins 403 to perform sealed fin heat exchange by disabling the inner shell side wall ventilation fan 404.

[0056] Since the wind turbine heat dissipation system control method adopts the wind turbine heat dissipation system as described above, it has the same beneficial effects, and this application will not elaborate on it.

[0057] Shanshu's wind turbine cooling system control method can be turned on for stepless regulation or step-by-step control by turning on the corresponding cooling mode. The control algorithm is initially configured during the installation phase. The initial configuration control algorithm is set based on the expert experience of the big data of this model and is combined with the algorithm model optimized by big data model training. Subsequent products have self-learning capabilities and can be integrated with the unit SCADA data to perform data self-learning optimization based on the temperature conditions and the operating status of the regulation, and optimize the control with the lowest energy consumption for sand prevention as the optimal condition. The operating data of multiple units can be uploaded to the cloud synchronously, and the normal data of the wind farm can be integrated and analyzed in the cloud computing space to provide wind farm-level auxiliary support for the local algorithm optimization of a single unit.

[0058] In one embodiment, the wind turbine heat dissipation system includes a dust concentration detection device 101, an inner and outer cover connecting frame 201, a forced ventilation fan 202 between the inner and outer covers, an outer cover outer shell 203, an outer cover inner shell 204, an inner wall of the tower top 301, a wind and sand filter 302 in the tower, an inner shell outer cover 401, an inner shell top exhaust fan 402, an inner shell heat dissipation fin 403, and an inner shell side wall ventilation fan 404.

[0059] The dust concentration detection device 101 is installed on the top of the outer cover, and the setting position is relatively open without any obstructions, which enables the dust concentration detection device 101 to be in more comprehensive contact with the air, thereby more accurately monitoring the dust content in the air, avoiding interference with the detection results, and ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the data. The device can detect the dust content in the air in real time and accurately, complete the measurement of the dust concentration in the air in a very short time, and transmit the data to the main control system of the unit, so as to timely understand the dust conditions in the environment and provide data support for subsequent control decisions. The device also has the ability of data transmission and remote monitoring, data storage and query functions, and can save historical detection data to facilitate data analysis and processing.

[0060] The inner and outer cover connecting frame 201 is made of high-strength, corrosion-resistant materials. These materials not only have excellent mechanical properties, but can also effectively resist long-term wind and sand impact and erosion, ensuring the durability of the connecting frame. Considering the long-term operation and maintenance requirements of the unit, the inner and outer cover connecting frame 201 can be easily maintained and easily disassembled and replaced. Connecting the outer cover and the inner cover, the space between the inner and outer covers is formed, providing the necessary channel for heat dissipation. The design needs to undergo precise calculations and simulation tests to ensure the stability and firmness of the connecting frame.

[0061] The outer shell 203 of the outer cover is the main protective layer of the wind turbine. The design takes into account the stress, wear, erosion, etc. of high temperature, cold, wind and sand, rain and snow. The overall shell is appropriately streamlined and has an anti-wind and sand coating, which effectively reduces the damage of wind and sand to the shell. The modular structural design facilitates highway-level transportation and modular lifting. The outer shell 203 and the inner shell 204 of the outer cover are made of heat-resistant material to isolate the heat transfer from solar radiation. The inner shell 204 of the outer cover is provided with a heat-conducting metal material to assist the channel heat dissipation.

[0062] The wind and sand filter 302 in the tower is made of corrosion-resistant, wear-resistant and high-strength materials, such as stainless steel mesh, alloy mesh, etc.

[0063] The design of the inner shell cover 401 is based on the dual considerations of efficient heat dissipation and structural strength. In the sandy desert area with strong winds and harsh environment, wind turbines face severe operating challenges, especially the heat dissipation problem. As an important part of the internal heat dissipation system of the cabin, the inner shell cover 401 is designed to optimize the heat conduction path and enhance the structural stability. Metal materials with excellent thermal conductivity, such as aluminum alloy or stainless steel, are used. These materials not only have good thermal conductivity and can quickly transfer the heat inside the cabin to the external environment, but also have high strength and corrosion resistance. Some inner shell covers 401 are designed to integrate inner shell heat dissipation fins 403, which further improve the heat dissipation efficiency by increasing the surface area and optimizing the heat conduction path. The layout and size of the fins are carefully calculated and optimized to ensure the maximum heat dissipation effect in the smallest volume. By equipping with safety measures such as wind and sand filtering devices, the inner shell cover 401 effectively prevents impurities such as sand and dust from eroding and damaging the internal equipment of the cabin.

[0064] The inner shell heat dissipation fins 403 may be in a straight shape, a corrugated shape, a zigzag shape, etc. The fins are closely arranged to maximize the heat dissipation area. Metal materials with excellent thermal conductivity may be used, such as copper, aluminum and their alloys. These materials not only have good thermal conductivity and can quickly transfer heat from the heat source to the fin surface, but also have certain strength and corrosion resistance.

[0065] The exhaust fan 402 on the top of the inner shell and the ventilation fan 404 on the side wall of the inner shell are equipped with high-efficiency motors to provide stable power output and ensure long-term and high-efficiency operation of the fans. The fan blade material has been specially treated to have good corrosion resistance and can be used for a long time without damage in harsh environments such as sandstorms.

[0066] In order to prevent impurities such as sand and dust from entering the cabin, a large amount of heat will be generated inside the cabin during the operation of the wind turbine. The exhaust fan 402 on the top of the inner shell can quickly exhaust the hot air and reduce the temperature inside the cabin. By continuously exhausting hot air and introducing cold air, the exhaust fan 402 on the top of the inner shell promotes air circulation inside the cabin and enhances the heat dissipation effect. The exhaust fan 402 on the top of the inner shell adopts a sealed design to ensure air circulation while keeping the cabin clean.

[0067] Inner shell side wall ventilation fan 404 Inner shell side wall ventilation fan 404 is designed to be installed on the side wall of the cabin inner shell. In order to prevent external impurities such as dust and rain from entering the cabin, the inner shell side wall ventilation fan 404 has a protective cover and a sealing design. These designs help to keep the interior of the cabin clean and dry. When the motor is started, it drives the fan blades to rotate. The rotating fan blades generate airflow, which discharges the air inside the cabin through the outlet of the ventilation fan.

[0068] The control method comprises the following steps:

[0069] a) Detect dust concentration. The dust concentration in the atmosphere is detected in real time by the dust concentration detection device 101, and the dust content level is determined according to the concentration, which can be divided into low concentration, medium concentration and high concentration.

[0070] b) Turn on the corresponding heat dissipation mode. For low concentrations, the inner shell forced ventilation mode is adopted. The inner shell side wall ventilation fan 404 is turned on at full power to perform forced large-flow positive pressure heat dissipation. The inner shell heat dissipation fins 403 work at the same time to dissipate heat. For medium concentrations, the inner shell weak ventilation mode is adopted. The ventilation volume is adjusted according to the filtering capacity to ensure that there is no dust inside. The inner shell heat dissipation fins 403 work at the same time. For high concentrations, the pure fin heat dissipation mode is adopted. The inner shell side wall ventilation fan 404 is disabled. The inner shell heat dissipation fins 403 increase the heat exchange capacity of the inner side wall of the cabin, and sealed fin heat exchange is carried out in full state.

[0071] c) Re-determine the operation mode after the operation cycle. After a period of operation in the response operation mode, the heat dissipation mode will be determined again according to the monitored dust concentration to dissipate heat.

[0072] The corresponding cooling mode can be turned on for stepless regulation. The control algorithm is initially configured during the installation phase. The initial configuration control algorithm is set based on the expert experience of the big data of this model and is combined with the algorithm model optimized by big data model training. Subsequent products have self-learning capabilities, and can be combined with the SCADA data of the unit to perform data self-learning optimization based on the temperature conditions and the operating status of the regulation, and optimize the control with the lowest energy consumption for sand prevention as the optimal condition. The operating data of multiple units can be uploaded to the cloud synchronously, and the normal data of the wind farm can be integrated and analyzed in the cloud computing space, providing wind farm-level auxiliary support for the local algorithm optimization of a single unit.

[0073] To summarize, the wind turbine heat dissipation system and control method provided by the embodiments of the present invention, by setting a dust concentration detection device, a nacelle cover outer shell heat dissipation device, a nacelle cover inner shell heat dissipation device and a tower top heat dissipation filter device, activates different heat dissipation modes according to the dust concentration value monitored by the dust concentration detection device, combined with the wind turbine temperature, wind speed, operating status and other data, independently controls the heat dissipation of the nacelle cover outer shell heat dissipation device and the nacelle cover inner shell heat dissipation device, can carry out adaptive heat dissipation operation according to the environment, ensures the heat dissipation capacity of the unit at high temperature, and improves the heat dissipation efficiency.

[0074] The above is a detailed introduction to the wind turbine heat dissipation system and control method provided by the present invention. This article uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method of the present invention and its core idea. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, without departing from the principles of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can be made to the present invention, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A wind turbine cooling system, characterized in that: The invention comprises a dust concentration detection device, a nacelle cover outer shell heat dissipation device, a nacelle cover inner shell heat dissipation device, a tower top heat dissipation filtering device and a controller. The dust concentration detection device is arranged on the top of the outer shell of the wind turbine set with a double shell structure, and is used to detect the dust concentration value at the location of the wind turbine set and output it to the controller. The nacelle cover inner shell heat dissipation device is arranged in the nacelle of the wind turbine set. The nacelle cover outer shell heat dissipation device is arranged on the nacelle outer shell of the wind turbine set. The tower top heat dissipation filtering device is arranged on the top of the tower of the wind turbine set, and is used to filter the dust in the wind generated by the chimney effect at the bottom of the tower. After receiving the dust concentration value, the controller controls the nacelle cover outer shell heat dissipation device and the nacelle cover inner shell heat dissipation device to perform heat dissipation operation according to the dust concentration value and the preset heat dissipation start-up conditions of the nacelle cover outer shell heat dissipation device and the nacelle cover inner shell heat dissipation device.

2. The wind turbine heat dissipation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat dissipation device of the nacelle cover outer shell comprises an inner and outer cover connecting frame, a forced ventilation fan between the inner and outer covers, an outer cover outer shell and an outer cover inner shell. The inner and outer cover connecting frame is used to support the outer shell of the wind turbine set and connect the outer cover of the wind turbine set with the inner cover of the wind turbine set. The forced ventilation fan between the inner and outer covers is arranged on the windward surfaces of both sides of the nacelle of the wind turbine set. The outer surface of the outer cover outer shell is provided with a wind and sand proof coating. A heat conductive metal layer is arranged inside the outer cover inner shell to assist the channel heat dissipation of the nacelle. A heat-resistant layer is arranged between the outer cover outer shell and the outer cover inner shell.

3. The wind turbine heat dissipation system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer shell of the outer cover is a heat-resistant outer shell, and the inner shell of the outer cover is a heat-resistant outer shell.

4. The wind turbine heat dissipation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat dissipation device of the inner shell of the cabin cover includes an inner shell outer cover, an inner shell top exhaust fan, an inner shell cooling fin and an inner shell side wall ventilation fan. The inner shell outer cover is provided with a second metal heat conductive layer for assisting the heat dissipation of the cabin. The inner shell top exhaust fan is arranged at the top of the heat dissipation channel in the cabin and is used to discharge the hot air in the cabin. The inner shell cooling fin is provided with multiple layers of heat conductive layers and is arranged in the cabin to achieve air convection and heat dissipation inside and outside the cabin. The inner shell side wall ventilation fan is provided with a sand filtering unit, a protective cover and a sealing structure to prevent external impurities from entering the cabin of the unit. The inner shell side wall ventilation fan is installed on the side wall of the cabin inner shell and is used to blow air into the cabin to ensure that the interior of the cabin has a slightly positive pressure state.

5. The wind turbine heat dissipation system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The inner shell and outer shell are made of aluminum alloy or stainless steel.

6. The wind turbine heat dissipation system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The shape of the inner shell heat dissipation fins is straight, corrugated or sawtooth.

7. The wind turbine heat dissipation system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The inner shell heat dissipation fins are copper inner shell heat dissipation fins, aluminum inner shell heat dissipation fins or copper-aluminum alloy inner shell heat dissipation fins.

8. The wind turbine heat dissipation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tower top heat dissipation and filtering device comprises a tower barrel wind and sand filter installed on the top of the tower top inner wall of the wind turbine generator set, and the tower barrel wind and sand filter is a stainless steel mesh or an alloy mesh.

9. The wind turbine heat dissipation system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: It also includes a data storage device, a parameter input device and a heat dissipation optimization device connected to the controller, the data storage device is used to store the dust concentration value obtained by the dust concentration detection device and the corresponding operating data of the nacelle cover outer shell heat dissipation device and the nacelle cover inner shell heat dissipation device, the parameter input device is used to input the operating parameters of the nacelle cover outer shell heat dissipation device and the nacelle cover inner shell heat dissipation device under different dust concentration values ​​from the outside, and the heat dissipation optimization device is used to perform data self-learning optimization after fusing the stored data in the data storage device and the structural characteristics of the nacelle cover outer shell heat dissipation device and the nacelle cover inner shell heat dissipation device according to the cabin temperature value of the wind turbine and the operating state of the controller, combined with the SCADA data of the wind turbine, so as to perform optimization control with the minimum energy consumption for sand prevention as the optimization condition, and output the optimal control strategy to the controller.

10. A method for controlling a heat dissipation system of a wind turbine generator set, characterized in that: The wind turbine heat dissipation system applied to any one of claims 1 to 9 comprises: S1, detect the dust concentration value where the wind turbine is located; S2, determining and outputting the dust content level of the dust concentration value, wherein the dust content level includes a low concentration level, a medium concentration level and a high concentration level; S3, determining a heat dissipation mode according to the dust content level of the dust concentration value, the heat dissipation mode comprising an inner shell forced ventilation mode corresponding to the low concentration level, an inner shell weak ventilation mode corresponding to the medium concentration level, and a pure fin heat dissipation mode corresponding to the high concentration level of the inner shell weak ventilation mode, wherein the inner shell forced ventilation mode is to open the inner shell side wall ventilation fan of the wind turbine cooling system at full power to perform forced large-flow positive pressure heat dissipation and inner shell cooling fin working heat dissipation of the wind turbine cooling system, the inner shell weak ventilation mode is to adjust the ventilation volume of the inner shell side wall ventilation fan according to the filtering capacity of the tower top cooling filter device of the wind turbine cooling system, and control the inner shell cooling fins to perform heat dissipation while ensuring that there is no dust inside the cabin, and the pure fin heat dissipation mode is to control the inner shell cooling fins to perform sealed fin heat exchange by disabling the inner shell side wall ventilation fan.

Images