Surveying and mapping instrument for engineering surveying and mapping

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of surveying and mapping equipment, in particular to a surveying and mapping instrument for engineering surveying and mapping, which comprises a modular dip angle adjusting mechanism arranged between a tripod and the surveying and mapping instrument, the modular dip angle adjusting mechanism comprises an input shaft and an output shaft which are parallel to each other, the input shaft is fixedly sleeved with a gear I and a belt wheel I, and the output shaft is rotationally sleeved with a gear II and a belt wheel II; the first gear is meshed with the second gear, a belt is connected between the first belt wheel and the second belt wheel, the portion, located between the second belt wheel and the second gear, of the output shaft is coaxially connected with a lead screw in series, and the lead screw is in threaded sliding connection with a sliding block. According to the two modularized inclination angle adjusting mechanisms of the surveying instrument, the characteristic that the output rotation directions are opposite after gear transmission and belt transmission are used in the same input rotation direction is utilized, mode switching of gear transmission and belt transmission is achieved through a reciprocating clutch structure formed by combining a diaphragm with a clutch disc, a sliding block, a lead screw and the like, and rapid and automatic leveling of the surveying instrument is achieved; and tedious manual leveling operation is omitted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of surveying and mapping equipment, in particular to a surveying and mapping instrument for engineering surveying and mapping. Background Art

[0002] Surveying instruments are used for various orientation, distance, angle, height, mapping and photogrammetry work required for surveying work in the planning, design, construction and management stages of engineering construction.

[0003] Existing surveying instruments mainly use manual knobs for adjustment, and it is generally necessary to survey multiple locations at a construction site. The surveying instrument lens needs to be recalibrated each time the surveying instrument bracket is moved to the ground. Therefore, it is very inconvenient to use manual operation to level the surveying instrument when the number of surveying locations is large. In order to solve the above problem, a surveying instrument for engineering surveying and mapping that can automatically level is proposed. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the problem that the surveying and mapping instruments that need manual leveling in the above or prior art are inconvenient to operate when the number of surveying and mapping positions is large, the present invention is proposed.

[0005] Therefore, the object of the present invention is to provide a surveying instrument for engineering surveying and mapping.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a surveying instrument for engineering surveying and mapping, comprising a modular tilt adjustment mechanism arranged between a tripod and the surveying instrument, comprising an input shaft and an output shaft parallel to each other, the input shaft is fixedly sleeved with a gear 1 and a pulley 1, the output shaft is rotatably sleeved with a gear 2 and a pulley 2, and the gear 1 and the gear 2 are meshed, a belt is connected between the pulley 1 and the pulley 2, the output shaft is located between the pulley 2 and the gear 2 and is coaxially connected with a lead screw, and the lead screw is threadedly slidably connected with a slider, and the peripheral wall of the slider is slidably sleeved with a disc-shaped diaphragm along its axial direction, A bracket is fixedly sleeved on the outer edge of the diaphragm, and the bracket is rotatably sleeved with the input shaft. Clutch plates are rotatably connected to both sides of the diaphragm through an annular structure, and the two clutch plates are respectively in contact and meshed with gear 2 and pulley 2. The two sides of the two clutch plates that are away from each other are respectively slidably sleeved with the output shaft at both ends of the screw rod, and the clutch plates only slide along the axial direction of the output shaft. The modular inclination adjustment mechanism is also provided with a shell, and both ends of the output shaft and the input shaft are rotatably connected to the side wall of the shell, rocker arms are connected between the two ends of the output shaft and the surveying instrument, and the shell and the tripod are fixedly connected.

[0007] As a preferred solution of the surveying instrument for engineering surveying and mapping of the present invention, wherein: an adapter seat 1 is provided on the outer wall of the shell perpendicular to the output shaft, and the adapter seat 1 is connected and matched with the output shaft, an adapter seat 2 is provided on the outer wall of the shell at the input shaft, the input shaft is connected to a motor, and the motor housing is fixedly connected to the adapter seat 2.

[0008] As a preferred solution of the surveying instrument for engineering surveying of the present invention, a potentiometer is provided at one end of the motor away from the shell, and the potentiometer is coaxial with the motor, a counterweight block is provided on the edge of the knob of the potentiometer, and when the counterweight block hangs to the lowest point due to gravity, the potentiometer is in an open circuit state.

[0009] As a preferred solution of the surveying instrument for engineering surveying of the present invention, racks are distributed in a ring array on the side of the two clutch plates away from each other, and the length direction of the racks is arranged along the radial direction of the clutch plates, and the racks of the two clutch plates are respectively fitted and meshed with the second gear and the second end face of the pulley.

[0010] As a preferred solution of the surveying instrument for engineering surveying of the present invention, the cross-sectional profile of the rack is a right triangle, and a right-angled side wall of the rack is perpendicular to the working surface of the clutch plate, and the rack distribution directions of the two clutch plates are opposite to each other.

[0011] As a preferred solution of the surveying instrument for engineering surveying of the present invention, wherein: the sides of the clutch plates that are away from each other are coaxially fixedly connected with short tubes, and the short tubes are provided with sliding grooves parallel to their axial directions, the peripheral walls of the output shaft located at both ends of the screw rod are fixedly provided with short pins along their radial directions, and the short tubes are slidably sleeved with the output shaft, and the sliding grooves are slidably sleeved with the short pins.

[0012] As a preferred solution of the surveying instrument for engineering surveying of the present invention, the outer edge of the diaphragm is provided with slits along its radial direction, and the slits are distributed in a ring array about the diaphragm, and the diaphragm is provided with elliptical holes between adjacent slits, and the major axis of the elliptical holes is arranged along the radial direction of the diaphragm.

[0013] As a preferred solution of the surveying instrument for engineering surveying of the present invention, wherein: both ends of the slider are clamped with a retaining spring, the outer wall of the slider is provided with a strip groove parallel to its axial direction, and the strip grooves are distributed in a ring array about the slider, and the diaphragm is matched and slidably connected with the strip grooves.

[0014] As a preferred solution of the surveying instrument for engineering surveying of the present invention, wherein: the input shaft is located on both sides of the bracket and is provided with a second retaining spring.

[0015] As a preferred solution of the surveying instrument for engineering surveying of the present invention, bearings are sleeved between the ends of the gear 2 and the pulley 2 that are away from each other and the output shaft.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the surveying instrument for engineering surveying and mapping of the present invention are as follows: the two modular inclination adjustment mechanisms of the surveying instrument utilize the characteristic that the output rotation direction is reversed after using gear transmission and belt transmission with the same input rotation direction, and realize the mode switching of gear transmission and belt transmission through a reciprocating clutch structure composed of a diaphragm combined with a clutch plate, a slider, a screw rod, etc., thereby realizing rapid automatic leveling of the surveying instrument and eliminating the tedious manual leveling operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other accompanying drawings can be obtained based on these accompanying drawings without paying creative work.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a surveying instrument used for engineering surveying.

[0019] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of two sets of modular tilt adjustment mechanisms assembled with each other.

[0020] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure after the two sets of modular tilt adjustment mechanisms are disassembled.

[0021] Figure 4 It is a cross-sectional view of the internal structure of the modular tilt adjustment mechanism.

[0022] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure after further section after removing the shell.

[0023] Figure 6 for Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure after further disassembly after removing the shell.

[0024] Figure 7 for Figure 6 An enlarged view of the local structure connected by the middle bracket.

[0025] Figure 8 for Figure 7 Structural anatomy diagram between the middle bracket, diaphragm and slider.

[0026] Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the potentiometer in the motor.

[0027] In the figure: 100, surveying instrument; 101, tripod; 200, modular tilt adjustment mechanism; 201, input shaft; 202, output shaft; 203, gear 1; 204, pulley 1; 205, gear 2; 206, pulley 2; 207, belt; 208, lead screw; 209, slider; 210, diaphragm; 211, bracket; 212, clutch plate; 213, housing; 214, rocker arm; 215, motor; 216, potentiometer; 217, retaining spring 1; 218, retaining spring 2; 219, bearing; 202a, short pin; 209a, strip groove; 210a, slit; 210b, elliptical hole; 212a, rack; 212b, short tube; 212c, slide groove; 213a, adapter seat 1; 213b, adapter seat 2; 216a, counterweight. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0029] Example, see Figure 1 to Figure 9 This embodiment provides a surveying instrument for engineering surveying, which can achieve the effect of automatically adjusting the level of the surveying instrument 100. Figure 1 As shown, it includes a modular tilt adjustment mechanism 200 disposed between the tripod 101 and the surveying instrument 100, such as Figure 4 As shown, it includes an input shaft 201 and an output shaft 202 which are parallel to each other, the input shaft 201 is fixedly sleeved with a gear 1 203 and a pulley 1 204, the output shaft 202 is rotatably sleeved with a gear 205 and a pulley 2 206, and the gear 1 203 and the gear 2 205 are meshed, and a belt 207 is connected between the pulley 1 204 and the pulley 2 206, as shown in FIG. Figure 7 As shown, the output shaft 202 is located between the pulley 206 and the gear 205, and is coaxially connected with a screw rod 208, and the screw rod 208 is threadedly slidably connected with a slider 209, and the peripheral wall of the slider 209 is slidably sleeved with a disc-shaped diaphragm 210 along its axial direction, and the outer edge of the diaphragm 210 is fixedly sleeved with a bracket 211, and the bracket 211 is rotatably sleeved with the input shaft 201, and both sides of the diaphragm 210 are rotatably connected with clutch plates 212 through an annular structure, and the two clutch plates 212 are respectively in contact and meshed with the gear 205 and the pulley 206, and the sides of the two clutch plates 212 that are away from each other are respectively slidably sleeved with the output shaft 202 located at both ends of the screw rod 208, and the clutch plates 212 only slide along the axial direction of the output shaft 202; as shown Figure 2 and Figure 4As shown, the modular tilt adjustment mechanism 200 is also provided with a shell 213, and both ends of the output shaft 202 and the input shaft 201 are rotatably connected to the side wall of the shell 213, a rocker arm 214 is connected between the two ends of the output shaft 202 and the surveying instrument 100, and the shell 213 and the tripod 101 are fixedly connected.

[0030] like Figure 3 As shown, the outer wall of the housing 213 is provided with a transfer seat 1 213a perpendicular to the output shaft 202, and the transfer seat 1 213a is connected and matched with the output shaft 202, and the outer wall of the housing 213 is provided with a transfer seat 213b at the input shaft 201, the input shaft 201 is connected to the motor 215, and the housing of the motor 215 is fixedly connected to the transfer seat 213b, as shown in FIG. Fig. 9 As shown, a potentiometer 216 is provided at one end of the motor 215 away from the housing 213, and the potentiometer 216 is coaxial with the motor 215. A counterweight 216a is provided on the edge of the knob of the potentiometer 216, and when the counterweight 216a sags to the lowest point due to gravity, the potentiometer 216 is in an open circuit state.

[0031] like Figure 7 As shown, racks 212a are arranged in an annular array on the sides of the two clutch plates 212 away from each other, and the length direction of the racks 212a is arranged along the radial direction of the clutch plate 212. The racks 212a of the two clutch plates 212 are respectively fitted and meshed with the end faces of the second gear 205 and the second pulley 206. The cross-sectional profile of the racks 212a is a right triangle, and a right-angled side wall of the racks 212a is perpendicular to the working surface of the clutch plate 212. The racks 212a of the two clutch plates 212 are respectively The directions of the cloth are opposite to each other, and the sides of the clutch plates 212 that are away from each other are coaxially fixedly connected with short tubes 212b, and the short tubes 212b are provided with sliding grooves 212c parallel to their axial directions, and the peripheral walls of the output shaft 202 at both ends of the screw rod 208 are fixedly provided with short pins 202a along their radial directions, and the short tubes 212b are slidably sleeved with the output shaft 202, and the sliding grooves 212c are slidably sleeved with the short pins 202a, and the input shaft 201 is provided with retaining springs 218 on both sides of the bracket 211.

[0032] like Figure 8 As shown, the outer edge of the diaphragm 210 is provided with slits 210a along its radial direction, and the slits 210a are distributed in a ring array with respect to the diaphragm 210, and the diaphragm 210 is provided with elliptical holes 210b between adjacent slits 210a, and the major axis of the elliptical holes 210b is arranged along the radial direction of the diaphragm 210, and the two ends of the slider 209 are clamped with a retaining spring 217, and the outer peripheral wall of the slider 209 is parallel to the axial direction thereof. The strip grooves 209a are distributed in a ring array with respect to the slider 209, and the diaphragm 210 is matched with the strip grooves 209a for sliding connection, as shown in FIG. Figure 5As shown, a bearing 219 is sleeved between the ends of the gear 205 and the pulley 206 that are away from each other and the output shaft 202.

[0033] The present invention provides a surveying instrument for engineering surveying and mapping, mainly providing a surveying instrument 100 with an automatic leveling function, which is implemented by a modular tilt adjustment mechanism 200, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, two modular tilt angle adjustment mechanisms 200 are used in the present invention, which are responsible for adjusting the pitch angle and the roll angle of the surveying instrument 100 respectively; The working principle of the modular tilt adjustment mechanism 200 is: When a primary gear transmission is adopted between the input shaft 201 and the output shaft 202, the rotation directions of the output shaft 202 and the input shaft 201 are opposite, and when a primary belt transmission is adopted between the input shaft 201 and the output shaft 202, the rotation directions of the output shaft 202 and the input shaft 201 are the same. The present invention designs a reciprocating clutch structure between the gear 205 and the pulley 206 of the output shaft 202, which is used for the output shaft 202 to alternately engage the gear 205 and the pulley 206, so as to realize the continuous unidirectional rotation of the input shaft 201 and the reciprocating swinging rotation of the output shaft 202; refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , taking the modular tilt adjustment mechanism 200 connected to the surveying instrument 100 as an example, refer to Fig. 9 In the present invention, the motor 215 is started and stopped by the potentiometer 216, wherein the knob of the potentiometer 216 rotates in both directions to close the power supply control circuit of the motor 215, so that the motor 215 works and drives the input shaft 201 to rotate. When the potentiometer 216 is in the off-circuit state, it corresponds to the knob of the potentiometer 216 being in the lowest position under the gravity of the counterweight 216a, and also corresponds to a fixed angle at which the output shaft 202 of the modular tilt adjustment mechanism 200 where the motor 215 is located is located. In this state, the surveying instrument 100 is installed on the output shaft 202 in a horizontal posture; When the posture of the surveying instrument 100 and the modular tilt adjustment mechanism 200 connected thereto changes, the disk of the potentiometer 216 will deflect relative to its knob, so that the potentiometer 216 closes the power control circuit of the motor 215 where it is located, and the motor 215 drives the input shaft 201 to rotate. The rotation of the input shaft 201 causes the output shaft 202 to rotate a certain angle, and then rotates in the opposite direction and then rotates a certain angle again, and repeats this process. Under the action of the counterweight 216a, the disk of the potentiometer 216 and the knob will pass through the disconnection position. After the potentiometer 216 is disconnected, the motor 215 stops moving to let the surveying instrument 100 stay in the horizontal posture. by Figure 5Taking the perspective as an example, the input shaft 201 rotates counterclockwise, at this time, the middle part of the diaphragm 210 bulges toward the direction of the second pulley 206, and the diaphragm 210 presses the clutch plate 212 against the side of the second pulley 206, so that the rack 212a on the clutch plate 212 is engaged with the tooth groove on the pulley, and the gear 205 and the clutch plate 212 are disconnected. The input shaft 201 drives the second pulley 206 to rotate through the pulley 1 204 and the belt 207, and the pulley 206 drives the output shaft 202 to rotate counterclockwise through the clutch plate 212, the short tube 212b, and the short pin 202a. At this time, the gear 205 is idling. Refer to Figure 7 The output shaft 202 drives the screw rod 208 to rotate counterclockwise, and the slider 209 can only move along the axis of the screw rod 208 under the restriction of the diaphragm 210. Therefore, the screw rod 208 rotates to drive the slider 209 to move toward the gear 2 205. Figure 8 , until the retaining spring 1 217 on the slider 209 contacts the middle part of the diaphragm 210 and pushes the middle part of the diaphragm 210 toward the gear 2 205, the diaphragm 210 is elastically deformed and convex toward the gear 2 205 after passing the equilibrium position, thereby pulling the clutch plate 212 away from the pulley 2 206, and making the other clutch plate 212 squeeze and engage with the gear 2 205, at this time, the pulley 206 will be idle, and the gear 205 drives the output shaft 202 to rotate clockwise through the short tube 212b and the short pin 202a, and at the same time, the screw rod 208 also changes the rotation direction, so that the slider 209 moves toward the pulley 206, and the above process is repeated, so that the output shaft 202 can achieve regular repeated rotation and reversing.

[0034] The motor 215 may be a stepper type having a strong static torque.

[0035] In summary, the two modular inclination adjustment mechanisms 200 of the surveying instrument 100 utilize the characteristics of different output rotations after using gear transmission and belt transmission between the two axes, and realize the automatic switching of gear transmission and belt transmission modes through the reciprocating clutch structure composed of the diaphragm 210 combined with the clutch plate 212, the slider 209, the screw rod 208, etc., thereby realizing the rapid and automatic leveling of the surveying instrument 100 and eliminating the tedious manual leveling operation.

[0036] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should all be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A surveying instrument for engineering surveying, characterized in that: The invention comprises a modular tilt adjustment mechanism (200) arranged between a tripod (101) and a surveying instrument (100), comprising an input shaft (201) and an output shaft (202) which are parallel to each other, wherein the input shaft (201) is fixedly sleeved with a gear 1 (203) and a pulley 1 (204), and the output shaft (202) is rotatably sleeved with a gear 2 (205) and a pulley 2 (206), and the gear 1 (203) and the gear 2 (205) are meshed, and a belt (207) is connected between the pulley 1 (204) and the pulley 2 (206), and the output shaft (202) is coaxially connected with a lead screw (208) between the pulley 2 (206) and the gear 2 (205), and the lead screw (208) is threaded. A slider (209) is slidably connected, a disc-shaped diaphragm (210) is slidably sleeved on the peripheral wall of the slider (209) along its axial direction, and a bracket (211) is fixedly sleeved on the outer edge of the diaphragm (210), and the bracket (211) is rotatably sleeved with the input shaft (201), and both sides of the diaphragm (210) are rotatably connected with clutch plates (212) through an annular structure, and the two clutch plates (212) are respectively in contact and meshing with gear 2 (205) and pulley 2 (206), and the two sides of the two clutch plates (212) that are away from each other are respectively slidably sleeved with the output shaft (202) at both ends of the screw rod (208), and the clutch plates (212) only slide along the axial direction of the output shaft (202); The modular tilt adjustment mechanism (200) is further provided with a housing (213), and both ends of the output shaft (202) and the input shaft (201) are rotatably connected to the side wall of the housing (213), a rocker arm (214) is connected between the two ends of the output shaft (202) and the surveying instrument (100), and the housing (213) and the tripod (101) are fixedly connected.

2. The engineering surveying and mapping instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: An adapter seat 1 (213a) is provided on the outer wall of the housing (213) perpendicular to the output shaft (202), and the adapter seat 1 (213a) is connected and matched with the output shaft (202); an adapter seat 2 (213b) is provided on the outer wall of the housing (213) at the input shaft (201); the input shaft (201) is connected to a motor (215), and the housing of the motor (215) is fixedly connected to the adapter seat 2 (213b).

3. The surveying and mapping instrument for engineering surveying and mapping as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: A potentiometer (216) is provided at one end of the motor (215) away from the housing (213), and the potentiometer (216) is coaxial with the motor (215). A counterweight (216a) is provided at the edge of the knob of the potentiometer (216), and when the counterweight (216a) sags to the lowest point due to gravity, the potentiometer (216) is in an open circuit state.

4. The surveying instrument for engineering surveying and mapping as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The two clutch plates (212) have racks (212a) distributed in a ring array on one side away from each other, and the length direction of the racks (212a) is arranged along the radial direction of the clutch plate (212). The racks (212a) of the two clutch plates (212) are respectively fitted and meshed with the end faces of gear 2 (205) and pulley 2 (206).

5. The engineering surveying and mapping instrument as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The cross-sectional profile of the rack (212a) is in the form of a right-angled triangle, and a right-angled side wall of the rack (212a) is perpendicular to the working surface of the clutch plate (212), and the racks (212a) of the two clutch plates (212) are distributed in opposite directions.

6. The engineering surveying and mapping instrument according to claim 5, characterized in that: The clutch plates (212) are coaxially fixedly connected to the sides away from each other with short tubes (212b), and the short tubes (212b) are provided with sliding grooves (212c) parallel to the axial direction thereof; the peripheral walls of the output shaft (202) at both ends of the screw rod (208) are fixedly provided with short pins (202a) along their radial direction; the short tubes (212b) are slidably sleeved with the output shaft (202), and the sliding grooves (212c) are slidably sleeved with the short pins (202a).

7. The engineering surveying and mapping instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer edge of the diaphragm (210) is provided with slits (210a) along its radial direction, and the slits (210a) are distributed in a ring array with respect to the diaphragm (210), and the diaphragm (210) is provided with elliptical holes (210b) between adjacent slits (210a), and the major axis of the elliptical holes (210b) is arranged along the radial direction of the diaphragm (210).

8. The engineering surveying and mapping instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both ends of the slider (209) are clamped with a retaining spring (217), the outer peripheral wall of the slider (209) is provided with a strip groove (209a) parallel to its axial direction, and the strip grooves (209a) are distributed in a ring array with respect to the slider (209), and the diaphragm (210) is matched with the strip grooves (209a) for sliding connection.

9. The surveying and mapping instrument for engineering surveying and mapping as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The input shaft (201) is provided with second retaining springs (218) on both sides of the bracket (211).

10. The engineering surveying and mapping instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: A bearing (219) is sleeved between the ends of the gear 2 (205) and the pulley 2 (206) that are away from each other and the output shaft (202).

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