Ventilation and sound insulation integrated acoustic metamaterial

Abstract

The invention discloses a ventilation and sound insulation integrated acoustic metamaterial, and belongs to the technical field of noise isolation. The technical problem that a traditional material is large in size and weight and cannot be suitable for a small working space when low-frequency noise is processed is solved. According to the technical scheme, the ventilation and sound insulation integrated acoustic metamaterial comprises a laminate and a ventilation and sound insulation layer. Ventilation channels are formed in the middles of the laminates, and the laminates are installed at the upper end and the lower end of the ventilation sound insulation layer. The ventilation sound insulation layer comprises a partition plate, the partition plate is perpendicular to the ventilation sound insulation layer, the partition plate is arranged to be in a labyrinth shape, the partition plate and the layer plates define a plurality of labyrinth-shaped sound insulation cavities, and cavity openings of the sound insulation cavities are communicated with the ventilation channel; the section contour of the ventilation sound insulation layer is in a circular ring shape, and the section contour of the sound insulation cavity is in a sector ring shape. The volume and the mass of the structure can be greatly reduced while low-frequency sound insulation is achieved, and the sound insulation frequency of the structure can be adjusted by adjusting parameters of the structure according to application occasions. The method is used for noise isolation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a ventilation and sound insulation integrated acoustic metamaterial, belonging to the technical field of noise isolation. Background Art

[0002] In modern social life, noise problems are becoming more and more serious, especially noise in the medium and low frequency bands. This will not only affect people's production work, but is also likely to have a significant impact on human health. Traditional sound insulation materials, such as heavy concrete, steel plates or multi-layer composite structures, mainly rely on their mass and density to physically block the propagation of sound waves. They are effective for medium and high frequency noise, but when dealing with low frequency noise, they often require a larger volume and weight of material structure to achieve the ideal sound insulation effect, which limits their use in applications with limited space or weight sensitivity. In addition, traditional materials have low design flexibility and are difficult to optimize for specific frequencies.

[0003] In summary, when dealing with low-frequency noise, traditional materials have technical problems such as large size and weight and cannot be applied to smaller working spaces. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention aims to solve the technical problem that when processing low-frequency noise, traditional materials have large volume and weight and cannot be applied to smaller working spaces, and thus provides an acoustic metamaterial that integrates ventilation and sound insulation.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is a ventilation and sound insulation integrated acoustic metamaterial, which includes a layer plate and a ventilation and sound insulation layer;

[0006] A ventilation channel is opened in the middle of the layer plate, and the layer plates are installed at the upper and lower ends of the ventilation and sound insulation layer;

[0007] The ventilation sound insulation layer includes a partition, which is perpendicular to the ventilation sound insulation layer, and the partition is arranged in a labyrinth shape. The partition and the layer plate enclose a plurality of labyrinth sound insulation cavities, and the cavity opening of the sound insulation cavity is connected to the ventilation channel;

[0008] The cross-sectional profile of the ventilation sound insulation layer is a circular ring, and the cross-sectional profile of the sound insulation cavity is a fan ring.

[0009] As another improvement of the present invention, the partitions and the layer plates form four labyrinth-shaped sound insulation cavities, the cross-sectional profile of the sound insulation cavities is in the shape of a fan ring, and the angle of the fan ring is 90 degrees.

[0010] As another improvement of the present invention, the ventilation and sound insulation layer is provided with multiple layers, and the angle between two adjacent ventilation and sound insulation layers along the radial direction is 45 degrees.

[0011] As another improvement of the present invention, the ventilation and sound insulation layer is provided with four layers.

[0012] As another improvement of the present invention, the sound insulation path of the labyrinth-type sound insulation cavity is arranged from outside to inside.

[0013] As another improvement of the present invention, the shape of the sound insulation path is a meander shape.

[0014] As another improvement of the present invention, the ventilation channel opened in the middle of the layer board is circular.

[0015] As another improvement of the present invention, both the partition plate and the layer plate are made of polycarbonate material.

[0016] As another improvement of the present invention, the density of the polycarbonate material is ρ=1200 kg / m3, the Poisson's ratio of the polycarbonate material is ν=0.38, and the Young's modulus of the polycarbonate material is E=2.5 GPa.

[0017] As another improvement of the present invention, the partitions and the layer plates enclose a plurality of labyrinth-shaped sound insulation cavities, the number of the sound insulation cavities is an even number, and the even number of labyrinth-shaped sound insulation cavities are evenly and symmetrically arranged.

[0018] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0019] 1. Traditional ventilation sound insulation materials often require a large volume or mass to achieve low-frequency sound insulation, which cannot meet the needs of specific situations. The ventilation sound insulation integrated acoustic metamaterial proposed in the present invention can significantly reduce the volume and mass of the structure while achieving low-frequency sound insulation, and can adjust the sound insulation frequency of the structure by adjusting the parameters of the structure according to the application. The transmission loss between 300-600Hz is stable at more than 15dB, the bandwidth is 300Hz, the wavelength-to-thickness ratio is 1 / 20, and the ventilation volume is 5.67%. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a ventilation and sound insulation integrated acoustic metamaterial of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 It is a structural diagram of the ventilation and sound insulation layer.

[0022] Figure 3 It is a structural diagram of the laminate.

[0023] Figure 4 It is a transmission loss curve diagram of a ventilation and sound insulation integrated acoustic metamaterial of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the drawings in the examples of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work belong to the scope of protection of the present invention. In the description of the present invention, it should be explained that the positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", etc. is only based on the positional relationship of the orientation shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention, rather than indicating or implying that the referred components have a specific orientation, are constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0025] Specific implementation method 1: Combination Figures 1 to 4 This embodiment is described. This embodiment is a ventilation and sound insulation integrated acoustic metamaterial, which includes a layer plate 1 and a ventilation and sound insulation layer 2;

[0026] A ventilation channel is provided in the middle of the layer plate 1, and the layer plate 1 is installed at the upper and lower ends of the ventilation and sound insulation layer 2; the layer plate 1 is 2 mm thick; and the ventilation and sound insulation layer 2 is 15 mm high;

[0027] The ventilation and sound insulation layer 2 includes a partition, which is perpendicular to the ventilation and sound insulation layer 2 and is arranged in a labyrinth shape. The partition and the layer plate 1 form a plurality of labyrinth-shaped sound insulation cavities, and the cavity openings of the sound insulation cavities are connected to the ventilation channel; the thickness of the partition is 2 mm.

[0028] The cross-sectional profile of the ventilation sound insulation layer 2 is in the shape of a circular ring, and the cross-sectional profile of the sound insulation cavity is in the shape of a fan ring.

[0029] This embodiment can significantly reduce the volume and mass of the structure while achieving low-frequency sound insulation, and can adjust the sound insulation frequency of the structure by adjusting the parameters of the structure according to the application. The transmission loss is stable at more than 15dB between 300-600Hz, the bandwidth is 300Hz, the wavelength-to-thickness ratio is 1 / 20, and the ventilation volume is 5.67%.

[0030] This embodiment is a new sound insulation solution based on microstructure design. It introduces a labyrinth structure channel into the cavity-type ventilation sound insulation metamaterial through a carefully designed geometric shape and material combination, and extends the original sound wave path, so that the size of the structure can be greatly reduced while achieving the same noise reduction effect. Without increasing too much volume and weight, effective control of sound waves within a specific frequency range is achieved. Acoustic metamaterials are not only lightweight and efficient, but also can accurately adjust the required sound insulation performance by adjusting their internal structural parameters, thereby providing a wider frequency coverage and higher sound insulation efficiency in a smaller space, and are particularly suitable for the control of low-frequency noise. This technology provides a more flexible and customized noise management solution for modern engineering. The present invention takes into account the design concept of curled space, introduces a labyrinth channel structure into the cavity-type ventilation sound insulation metamaterial to enhance its low-frequency sound insulation capability, so that the structure can effectively isolate the propagation of noise when ventilated.

[0031] Specific implementation method 2: Combination Figures 1 to 4 This embodiment is described. The difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that the partition plate and the layer plate 1 form four labyrinth-shaped sound insulation cavities. The cross-sectional profile of the sound insulation cavity is a fan ring, and the angle of the fan ring is 90 degrees. With this design, the middle ventilation sound insulation layer is a plane symmetrical structure, which is fixedly connected to the upper layer plate. When the sound wave propagates in the middle channel, it can propagate in the air cavity along the labyrinth-shaped channel from the four openings, thereby achieving the purpose of sound insulation, improving the sound insulation efficiency, and facilitating processing. The other components and connection methods are the same as those of the first embodiment.

[0032] Specific implementation method three: Combination Figures 1 to 4 This embodiment is described. The difference between this embodiment and the specific embodiment 1 is that the ventilation sound insulation layer 2 is provided with multiple layers, and the angle between two adjacent ventilation sound insulation layers 2 along the radial direction is 45 degrees. Such a design is used to combine the connected ventilation sound insulation layers to form a composite structure to improve the sound insulation efficiency. Other components and connection methods are the same as those of the specific embodiment 1 or 2.

[0033] Specific implementation method four: Combination Figures 1 to 4 This embodiment is described. The difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that the ventilation sound insulation layer 2 is provided with four layers. Such a design is used to combine the four layers of ventilation sound insulation layer 2 to form an overall composite structure, thereby improving the sound insulation efficiency of the overall structure. The other components and connection methods are the same as any one of the first to third embodiments.

[0034] Specific implementation method five: Combination Figure 1 and Figure 2This embodiment is described. The difference between this embodiment and the specific embodiment 1 is that the sound insulation path of the labyrinth sound insulation cavity is arranged from the outside to the inside. The sound insulation cavity forms a curled space structure, which improves the utilization rate of the space and the sound insulation effect, so that the overall structure can effectively isolate the propagation of noise under ventilation. The other components and connection methods are the same as any one of the specific embodiments 1 to 4.

[0035] Specific implementation method six: Combination Figures 1 to 3 This embodiment is described. The difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that the shape of the sound insulation path is a roundabout. While achieving low-frequency sound insulation, the volume and mass of the structure are greatly reduced, and the sound insulation frequency of the structure can be adjusted by adjusting the parameters of the structure according to the application. The other components and connection methods are the same as any one of the first to fifth embodiments.

[0036] Specific implementation method seven: Combination Figures 1 to 3 This embodiment is described. The difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that the ventilation channel opened in the middle of the layer board 1 is circular. The effect of such a design is that the inner wall of the circle is smooth, which helps to improve the sound insulation effect. The other components and connection methods are the same as any one of the first to sixth embodiments.

[0037] Specific implementation method eight: Combination Figures 1 to 4 This embodiment is described. The difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that the partition plate and the layer plate 1 are both made of polycarbonate material. The other components and connection methods are the same as any one of the first to seventh embodiments.

[0038] Specific implementation method nine: Combination Figures 1 to 4 This embodiment is described. The difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that the density of the polycarbonate material is ρ=1200 kg / m3, the Poisson's ratio of the polycarbonate material is ν=0.38, and the Young's modulus of the polycarbonate material is E=2.5 GPa. The other components and connection methods are the same as any one of the first to eighth embodiments.

[0039] Specific implementation method ten: Combination Figures 1 to 4 This embodiment is described. The difference between this embodiment and the specific embodiment 1 is that the partition plate and the layer plate 1 enclose a plurality of labyrinth-shaped sound insulation cavities, the number of which is an even number, and the even number of labyrinth-shaped sound insulation cavities are evenly and symmetrically arranged. Such a design is used to improve the sound insulation effect of the overall structure. The other components and connection methods are the same as any one of the specific embodiments 1 to 9.

[0040] Combination Figures 1 to 4 The working principle of the present invention is described:

[0041] The required sound insulation performance is precisely adjusted by adjusting the internal structural parameters of the acoustic metamaterial, and a labyrinth-type structural channel is introduced into the cavity-type ventilation sound insulation metamaterial to extend the original sound wave path, which can greatly reduce the size of the structure while achieving the same noise reduction effect. It provides a wider frequency coverage and higher sound insulation efficiency in a smaller space, and can greatly reduce the volume and mass of the structure while achieving low-frequency sound insulation. The sound insulation frequency of the structure can be adjusted by adjusting the structural parameters according to the application. The transmission loss is stable at more than 15dB between 300-600Hz, the bandwidth is 300Hz, the wavelength-to-thickness ratio is 1 / 20, and the ventilation volume is 5.67%.

[0042] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit the same. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments may still be modified, or some of the technical features may be replaced by equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A ventilation and sound insulation integrated acoustic metamaterial, characterized in that It comprises a layer board (1) and a ventilation and sound insulation layer (2); A ventilation channel is provided in the middle of the layer plate (1), and the layer plate (1) is installed at the upper and lower ends of the ventilation and sound insulation layer (2); The ventilation and sound insulation layer (2) comprises a partition plate, which is perpendicular to the ventilation and sound insulation layer (2), and the partition plate is arranged in a labyrinth shape. The partition plate and the layer plate (1) enclose a plurality of labyrinth-shaped sound insulation cavities, and the cavity openings of the sound insulation cavities are connected to the ventilation channel; The cross-sectional profile of the ventilation sound insulation layer (2) is in the shape of a circular ring, and the cross-sectional profile of the sound insulation cavity is in the shape of a fan ring.

2. The ventilation and sound insulation integrated acoustic metamaterial according to claim 1, characterized in that: The partitions and the layer plates (1) form four labyrinth-shaped sound insulation cavities, the cross-sectional profile of the sound insulation cavities is in the shape of a fan ring, and the angle of the fan ring is 90 degrees.

3. The ventilation and sound insulation integrated acoustic metamaterial according to claim 2, characterized in that: The ventilation and sound insulation layer (2) is provided with multiple layers, and the angle between two adjacent ventilation and sound insulation layers (2) along the radial direction is 45 degrees.

4. The ventilation and sound insulation integrated acoustic metamaterial according to claim 3, characterized in that: The ventilation and sound insulation layer (2) is provided with four layers.

5. The ventilation and sound insulation integrated acoustic metamaterial according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sound insulation path of the labyrinth-type sound insulation cavity is arranged from outside to inside.

6. The ventilation and sound insulation integrated acoustic metamaterial according to claim 5, characterized in that: The shape of the sound insulation path is a circle.

7. The ventilation and sound insulation integrated acoustic metamaterial according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ventilation channel opened in the middle of the layer plate (1) is circular.

8. The ventilation and sound insulation integrated acoustic metamaterial according to claim 1, characterized in that: The partition plate and the layer plate (1) are both made of polycarbonate material.

9. The ventilation and sound insulation integrated acoustic metamaterial according to claim 8, characterized in that: The density of the polycarbonate material is ρ=1200 kg / m3, the Poisson's ratio of the polycarbonate material is ν=0.38, and the Young's modulus of the polycarbonate material is E=2.5 GPa.

10. The ventilation and sound insulation integrated acoustic metamaterial according to claim 1, characterized in that: The partitions and the layer plates (1) enclose a plurality of maze-shaped sound insulation cavities, the number of which is an even number, and the even number of maze-shaped sound insulation cavities are evenly and symmetrically arranged.

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