High-precision split type bearingless encoder

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of photoelectric encoders, in particular to a high-precision split type bearingless encoder which comprises an encoder body, an LED light source assembly and a PCB are fixedly installed on the encoder body, a receiving chip used for receiving optical signals is attached to the PCB, and the PCB is provided with a cable socket. The center of the encoder body is provided with a U-shaped groove, the U-shaped groove is divided into an upper part and a lower part, the upper part is a draft inclined surface, the lower part is a high-precision installation straight surface, the round hole part of the U-shaped groove is concentrically provided with a code disc support, code discs of different specifications can be adhered to the code disc support according to needs, the lower end of the code disc support is provided with a motor shaft installation hole, and the upper part of the encoder body is provided with a protective cover. When the integral encoder is installed on the motor shaft, split type installation is carried out through guiding of the U-shaped groove, and accurate positioning is achieved. The encoder is simple and reasonable in structure and easy and convenient to install. The bearing-free and main-shaft-free structure mode really saves material cost, manufacturing cost, installation cost, management cost and the like from the product structure, the space size of the whole encoder is reduced in a very simple mode, and refinement and microminiaturization of the product are promoted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of photoelectric encoders, and in particular to a high-precision split-type bearingless encoder. Background Art

[0002] As a key component in the field of precision measurement, photoelectric encoders are widely used in various mechanical equipment that require precise position feedback. With the continuous improvement of industrial automation and the rapid development of precision manufacturing technology, photoelectric encoders are also facing new technological breakthroughs. Especially in emerging fields such as intelligent manufacturing, robots, and driverless cars, photoelectric encoders need to be customized according to specific application scenarios to meet the requirements of high precision, high reliability, and high flexibility. The size of photoelectric encoders is also developing towards miniaturization. Traditional photoelectric encoders usually use bearing support structures to ensure the relative position stability between the code disk and the light source and receiving chip. However, this structural method not only increases the complexity and manufacturing cost of the encoder, but also limits the accuracy and reliability of the encoder to a certain extent. Split, miniaturized, and high-precision photoelectric encoders are easier to embed into various devices, reduce space occupation, and improve the overall performance and reliability of the equipment.

[0003] The bearing components in the traditional photoelectric encoders on the market not only increase the structural complexity of the product, the workload during assembly and maintenance, the material cost and the manufacturing cost, but also the wear of the bearings during use brings about the replacement and maintenance costs. At the same time, the loss of bearing accuracy and stability will directly affect the measurement accuracy of the encoder.

[0004] In addition, the spatial size and installation method of the encoder have always been the most concerned issues in the usage scenarios. Traditional encoders with bearings have large structural dimensions and even use auxiliary mounting seats such as leaf springs. The installation loses flexibility and it is increasingly difficult to meet some application scenarios with high space requirements. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the limitations of existing traditional encoder technology, the present invention proposes a high-precision split bearingless encoder, which abandons the traditional bearing support structure and adopts a new U-shaped split design, thereby achieving simplification, miniaturization and high-precision measurement of the encoder.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: A high-precision split-type bearingless encoder comprises an encoder body with a U-shaped groove, characterized in that the upper top surface of the encoder body is fixedly mounted on a PCB board through positioning pin holes and positioning screws, the PCB board is mounted with a receiving chip and is provided with a cable socket, the arc surface of the U-shaped groove of the encoder body is coaxial with a code disc support, a code disc is bonded to the top plane of the code disc support, a light source assembly is inlaid and fixed on one side of the encoder body, the light source assembly corresponds vertically to the position of the receiving chip, the code disc is located between the light source assembly and the receiving chip, the encoder body is buckled with the outer edge of the protective cover and fixed by screws to form a protective space for the operation of the encoder parts.

[0007] Preferably, the U-shaped groove of the encoder body is divided into an upper U-shaped surface and a lower U-shaped surface, the upper U-shaped surface is a draft bevel with a slope greater than 1°, larger at the top and smaller at the bottom, larger outside and smaller inside, and the lower U-shaped surface is a precision-machined straight surface.

[0008] Preferably, a positioning stop is provided at the inner circular hole of the top plane of the code disc support, and an upper countersunk hole, a lower countersunk hole and a through hole are provided at the center of the code disc support.

[0009] Preferably, the countersunk hole of the code disc support is precisely matched with the shaft head of the motor shaft, and the screw fastens the code disc support to the shaft head through the upper countersunk hole, the through hole and the countersunk hole.

[0010] Preferably, the upper surface of the encoder body is provided with three positioning pins and one positioning screw hole.

[0011] Preferably, the three encoder body locating pins match the three PCB board pin holes and are further positioned using fixing glue, and the encoder body locating screw holes match the PCB board screw holes and are fixed by screws after the fixing glue solidifies.

[0012] Preferably, after calibration, the code disc holder and the code disc are bonded and independently mounted on the motor shaft head. After calibration and fixation, the encoder body and the PCB board are pushed laterally through the U-shaped groove opening to accommodate the code disc holder and the code disc. At the same time, the U-shaped surface below the U-shaped groove is tightly attached to the outer stop cylindrical surface of the motor end cover to achieve a split mounting.

[0013] Preferably, the protective cover is provided with two symmetrical protective cover mounting holes, and the two protective cover mounting holes are coaxially matched with the PCB board mounting hole, the encoder body mounting hole and the motor end cover mounting screw hole respectively. After the split sets are respectively in place, they are fastened from top to bottom by two screws.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: The present invention changes the structural mode of the traditional encoder, cancels the application of the bearing group structure, reduces the number of parts as a whole, simplifies the product structure, and also eliminates the bearing hole processing process, installation and debugging process, saves procurement cost, management cost and later maintenance cost, and further reduces the failure probability of the encoder.

[0015] Due to the cancellation of the bearing group structure, the overall space is released, which truly realizes the miniaturization of the product. The split installation operation is more flexible and the debugging is simple, which is suitable for more customized scenarios. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional exploded schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 It is the three views after assembly of the present invention; Figure 3 A two-dimensional diagram of the encoder body of the present invention; Figure 4 A split encoder is installed on the motor end cover of the present invention.

[0017] Example In the figure: 1. protective cover; 2. PCB board; 3. code disk; 4. light source assembly; 5. code disk support; 6. encoder body; 7. motor end cover; 8. motor shaft; 11. protective cover mounting hole; 21. receiving chip; 22. cable line socket; 23. PCB board mounting hole; 24. PCB board pin hole; 25. PCB board screw hole; 51. top plane of code disk support; 52. code disk support positioning stop; 53. middle through hole; 54. sink hole; 55. upper sink hole; 61. encoder body mounting hole; 62. encoder body positioning pin; 63. U-shaped groove; 631. upper U-shaped surface; 632. lower U-shaped surface; 64. encoder body positioning screw hole; 71. motor end cover mounting screw hole; 72. motor end cover outer stop; 81. shaft head screw hole; 82. shaft head. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that these embodiments are only used to explain the technical principles of the present invention and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention.

[0019] like Figure 1-4As shown, a high-precision split-type bearingless encoder is provided, wherein the encoder body (6) is provided with a U-shaped groove (63), and the U-shaped groove (63) can be pushed into the motor shaft from the side, thus changing the conventional method of inserting the encoder body into the motor shaft. The upper surface of the encoder body (6) is fixedly mounted with a PCB board (2) through a positioning pin hole and a positioning screw, and the PCB board (2) is mounted with a receiving chip (21) and provided with a cable plug (22). When the encoder body (6) is installed separately, the arc surface of the U-shaped groove of the encoder body (6) is coaxial with the code disc support (5), and the top plane (51) of the code disc support (5) is bonded with a code disc (3). A light source assembly (4) is embedded and fixed on one side of the encoder body (6), and the light source assembly (4) is fixed on the encoder body (6). The position of the component (4) corresponds vertically to that of the receiving chip (21), the code disk (3) is located between the light source component (4) and the receiving chip (21), the distance between the light source component (4) and the receiving chip (21) is the optical path H, and the distance from the center of the code disk to the center of the light source is the optical radius ROP. These two indicators are the core control indicators in the design of the encoder system. When the encoder is in working state, the code disk rotates at high speed around the center, with ROP as the radius. The optical center is the working code path, and the code path of the code disk needs to run smoothly in the tiny optical path H. The split encoder directly sets the system parameters based on the installed motor shaft as the positioning reference, pre-adjusts the optical path H and the ROP radius, and calibrates the code paths of the chip and the code disk. Therefore, the split encoder does not need to be calibrated again during the disassembly and assembly process, which facilitates the installation of the encoder and achieves high-precision requirements. The encoder body is interlocked with the outer edge of the protective cover and fixed by screws to form a protective space for the operation of the encoder components, preventing the entry of dust, oil, etc. in harsh environments, ensuring that the measurement accuracy is not affected.

[0020] The U-shaped groove (63) of the encoder body (6) is divided into an upper U-shaped surface (631) and a lower U-shaped surface (632). The upper U-shaped surface (631) is a drafting inclined surface with an inclination greater than 1°, larger at the top and smaller at the bottom, larger outside and smaller inside, and the lower U-shaped surface (632) is a precision-machined straight surface. The upper U-shaped surface (631) is a mounting guide surface, and the lower U-shaped surface is a mounting positioning surface that precisely matches the cylindrical surface of the outer stop (72) of the motor end cover.

[0021] A positioning stopper (52) is provided at the inner circular hole of the top plane (51) of the code disc support (5), and an upper countersunk hole (55), a lower countersunk hole (54) and a middle through hole (53) are provided at the center of the code disc support (5). The lower countersunk hole (54) is precisely matched with the shaft head (82) of the motor shaft (8), and screws are fastened to the shaft head (82) through the upper countersunk hole (55), the middle through hole (53) and the lower countersunk hole (54).

[0022] The upper surface of the encoder body (6) is provided with three positioning pins (62) and one positioning screw hole (64), the three positioning pins (62) match the three PCB board pin holes (24), after the code channel calibration process, a fixing glue is used for further positioning, the positioning screw hole (64) matches the PCB board screw hole (25), and after the fixing glue solidifies, it is fixed by a screw to lock the calibration result.

[0023] After calibration, the code disc holder (5) and the code disc (3) are bonded and independently mounted on the motor shaft head (82). After calibration and fixation, the encoder body (6) and the PCB board (2) are pushed sideways through the U-shaped groove opening to accommodate the code disc holder (5) and the code disc (3). At the same time, the lower U-shaped surface (632) is tightly matched with the cylindrical surface of the outer stop (72) of the motor end cover to achieve split mounting. The motor end cover and the shaft head are directly used as the calibration reference, which reduces the cumulative error of the installation of the integral encoder.

[0024] The protective cover mounting hole (11) on the protective cover (1) is coaxially matched with the PCB board mounting hole (23), the encoder body mounting hole (61) and the motor end cover mounting screw hole (71). After the split sets are in place, they are fastened from top to bottom by two screws, thereby simplifying the installation.

Claims

1. A high-precision split-type bearingless encoder, comprising an encoder body (6) having a U-shaped groove, characterized in that: The upper surface of the encoder body (6) is fixedly mounted with a PCB board (2) through positioning pin holes and positioning screws. The PCB board (2) is mounted with a receiving chip (21) and is provided with a cable socket (22). The U-shaped groove arc surface of the encoder body (6) is coaxial with the code disc support (5). The top plane (51) of the code disc support (5) is bonded with a code disc (3). A light source assembly (4) is embedded and fixed on one side of the encoder body (6). The light source assembly (4) and the receiving chip (21) are vertically corresponding in position. The code disc (3) is located between the light source assembly (4) and the receiving chip (21). The encoder body (6) is interlocked with the outer edge of the protective cover (1) and fixed by screws to form a protective space for the operation of the encoder components.

2. A high-precision split-type bearingless encoder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The U-shaped groove (63) of the encoder body (6) is divided into an upper U-shaped surface (631) and a lower U-shaped surface (632), the upper U-shaped surface (631) being a draft bevel with a slope greater than 1 ° , larger at the top and smaller at the bottom, larger outside and smaller inside, the lower U-shaped surface (632) is a precision-machined straight surface.

3. A high-precision split-type bearingless encoder according to claim 1, characterized in that: A positioning stop (52) is provided at the inner circular hole of the top plane (51) of the code disc support (5), and an upper countersunk hole (55), a lower countersunk hole (54) and a middle through hole (53) are provided at the center of the code disc support (5), the lower countersunk hole (54) is precisely matched with the shaft head (82) of the motor shaft (8), and screws are passed through the upper countersunk hole (55), the middle through hole (53) and the lower countersunk hole (54) to fasten the code disc support (5) to the shaft head (82).

4. The high-precision split-type bearingless encoder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper surface of the encoder body (6) is provided with three positioning pins (62) and one positioning screw hole (64).

5. A high-precision split-type bearingless encoder according to claim 4, characterized in that: The three positioning pins (62) match the three PCB board pin holes (24) and are further positioned using a fixing glue, and the positioning screw holes (64) match the PCB board screw holes (25) and are fastened using screws after the fixing glue solidifies.

6. The high-precision split-type bearingless encoder according to claim 1, characterized in that: After calibration, the code disc holder (5) and the code disc (3) are bonded and independently mounted on the motor shaft head (82). After calibration and fixation, the encoder body (6) and the PCB board (2) are pushed sideways through the opening of the U-shaped groove (63) to accommodate the code disc holder (5) and the code disc (3). At the same time, the lower U-shaped surface (632) is tightly matched with the cylindrical surface of the outer stop (72) of the motor end cover, so as to realize the split mounting.

7. The high-precision split-type bearingless encoder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The protective cover (1) is provided with two symmetrical protective cover mounting holes (11), and the two protective cover mounting holes (11) are coaxially matched with the PCB board mounting hole (23), the encoder body mounting hole (61) and the motor end cover mounting screw hole (71), respectively. After the split sets are respectively in place, they are fastened from top to bottom by two screws.

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