Accurate crop root sampling device suitable for intercropping system

Abstract

The invention discloses a crop root system accurate sampling device suitable for an intercropping system, and relates to the technical field of sampling devices, the crop root system accurate sampling device comprises a sampling barrel, a compaction plate, an adjusting rod, a positioning plate, a water inlet pipe and a positioning spinning device; the multiple compaction plates can be spliced into a compaction cylinder, and the compaction plates are arranged on the inner side of the sampling shell and are in sliding connection with a limiting circular bead arranged on the inner side of the bottom of the sampling shell; through the arrangement of a compaction plate, the root system and the soil can be conveniently taken out together, and the situation that the root system is broken due to falling of the soil in the taking-out process is avoided; through water flow scouring sampling, the load bearing condition of the root system is reduced, and the integrity of the root system can be kept; according to the invention, complete sampling of the root system can be fully realized, so that in an intercropping system, the root system which does not belong to a sampling plant is excluded, and the root system of a complete target plant is stored as the root system to be sampled, so that accurate sampling of the root system is realized, and the defects in the prior art are overcome.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of sampling devices, and in particular to a precise sampling device for crop roots suitable for an intercropping system. Background Art

[0002] The root system is an important organ for crops to absorb water and nutrients, and is the basis for the survival of the aboveground parts. Root characteristics play a key role in the performance under different water, nutrient and soil farming conditions and the efficient use of water, fertilizer and soil. Root characteristics have also become an important factor to consider in breeding and crop cultivation. Since the root system grows underground, it is difficult to observe and study it, so a suitable root sampling device is particularly important for studying the root system in the field.

[0003] The study of root system in peanut-corn intercropping is a current research hotspot, but root sampling is very difficult. Usually, the root is dug in profile, which is labor-intensive and destructive to soil disturbance and soil original ecology. The use of existing root sampling devices for root sampling is prone to cause serious root loss, which is not conducive to comprehensive and systematic research on the root morphology and structure of peanut-corn intercropping.

[0004] In summary, providing a precise crop root sampling device suitable for intercropping systems is a technical problem that technical personnel in this field urgently need to solve. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a precise sampling device for crop roots suitable for intercropping systems, so as to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art and fully realize complete sampling of the root system. Thus, in the intercropping system, the roots that do not belong to the sampled plants are excluded, and the roots of the target plants that are preserved intact are the roots to be sampled, thereby realizing precise sampling of the root system.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0007] The present invention provides a crop root precision sampling device suitable for an intercropping system, comprising a sampling tube, a compacting plate, an adjusting rod, a positioning plate, a water inlet pipe and a positioning spinning device;

[0008] The sampling tube is composed of a sampling shell, the bottom of the sampling tube is a hollow structure without a tube bottom, and the top of the sampling tube is provided with a top cover;

[0009] The compacting plates are provided with a plurality of pieces, and the plurality of compacting plates can be assembled into a compacting cylinder, and the compacting plates are arranged inside the sampling shell, and are slidably connected with the limiting shoulder arranged inside the bottom of the sampling shell;

[0010] The adjusting rod is connected to the pressing plate, and the pressing plate can be pushed by the adjusting rod to adjust the radial position of the pressing plate inside the sampling housing;

[0011] The positioning plates are respectively arranged on the top of the sampling shells, and the positioning plates are also spliced ​​after the sampling shells are spliced. The spliced ​​positioning plates form a positioning structure capable of positioning the stems on the top cover of the sampling tube;

[0012] The water inlet pipe can pass water into the sampling cylinder to flush the soil wrapped with the root system in the compaction cylinder;

[0013] The positioning tube is used for positioning the assembled sampling tube;

[0014] The positioning and spinning device can realize the positioning of the sampling tube and the rotation and pressing of the sampling tube into the soil.

[0015] Preferably, the sampling shell is a semi-cylindrical plate structure and is provided with two pieces.

[0016] Preferably, the compacting plate is an arc-shaped plate structure and four compacting plates are provided.

[0017] Preferably, a plurality of soil discharge holes are distributed on the compacting plate, and a slag discharge port is provided on the limiting shoulder at the bottom of the sampling shell. When the compacting plate is close to the inner wall of the sampling shell, the bottom of the compacting plate can block the slag discharge port.

[0018] Preferably, an adjusting rod is connected to the top of each of the compacting plates, one end of the adjusting rod is connected to the outer wall of the compacting plate, and the other end of the adjusting rod radially passes through the outside of the sampling tube.

[0019] Preferably, the positioning plate is a semi-cylindrical plate and is located at the center of the top cover of the sampling tube. The positioning plates are assembled to form a tubular positioning structure, and the positioning structure is coaxial with the sampling tube.

[0020] Preferably, a water bag is provided on the inner side of the positioning plate, and the water bag is connected to the water inlet pipe.

[0021] Preferably, a water distribution pipe communicating with the inner cavity is arranged on the top cover of the sampling tube, and the water inlet pipe passes water into the sampling tube through the water distribution pipe.

[0022] Preferably, it also includes an observation hole and a cutting rod, wherein the observation holes are distributed on the outer circumference of the top cover of the sampling cylinder, and after the compacting plates are assembled to form a compacting cylinder, a gap is formed between the compacting cylinder and the sampling cylinder, and the cutting rod can be inserted into the gap through the observation hole.

[0023] Preferably, the positioning spinning device includes a positioning cylinder, a support rod, a mounting frame, a mounting beam, a connecting rod and a handle. The positioning cylinder can be sleeved on the top of the sampling cylinder, and the bottom of the positioning cylinder contacts the adjusting rod. The support rod is arranged at the top of the positioning cylinder, and the mounting frame is arranged at the top of the support rod. Two mounting beams are arranged and installed in parallel at the bottom of the mounting frame. The bottoms of the two mounting beams are respectively connected to two vertically arranged connecting rods, and the bottom of each connecting rod can be inserted into the connecting port arranged on the top cover of the sampling cylinder. The handles are arranged on both sides of the mounting frame.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has achieved the following technical effects:

[0025] The crop root precision sampling device suitable for the intercropping system in the present invention can conveniently take out the root system together with the soil through the arrangement of the compacting plate, thereby avoiding the breakage of the root system due to the falling of the soil during the taking-out process; and sampling is carried out by flushing the water flow, and sampling is started from the inner top of the sampling tube, which reduces the load-bearing condition of the root system and helps to maintain the integrity of the root system; the present invention can fully realize the complete sampling of the root system, so that in the intercropping system, the root system that does not belong to the sampled plant is excluded, and the root system of the intact target plant is preserved as the root system to be sampled, thereby realizing the precise sampling of the root system and solving the shortcomings in the prior art. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0027] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the crop root precision sampling device suitable for the intercropping system in the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the connection between the sampling shell and the compacting plate in the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a state diagram when the soil in the sampling tube is compacted by the compaction plate in the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the positioning spinning device in the present invention;

[0031] In the figure: 1. sampling shell; 2. compaction plate; 3. adjustment rod; 4. positioning plate; 5. water inlet pipe; 6. water bag; 7. water distribution pipe; 8. observation hole; 9. connection port; 10. positioning tube; 11. support rod; 12. installation frame; 13. installation beam; 14. connecting rod; 15. handle; 16. bolt; 17. cutting rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a crop root precision sampling device suitable for an intercropping system to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0034] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0035] The crop root precision sampling device suitable for the intercropping system in this embodiment is as follows: Figure 1-4 As shown, it includes a sampling tube, a compacting plate 2, an adjusting rod 3, a positioning plate 4, a water inlet pipe 5 and a positioning spinning device;

[0036] The sampling tube is composed of a sampling shell 1, the bottom of the sampling tube is a hollow structure without a tube bottom, and the top of the sampling tube is provided with a top cover;

[0037] There are multiple compacting plates 2, which can be assembled into a compacting cylinder. The compacting plates 2 are arranged inside the sampling shell 1 and are slidably connected to the limiting shoulder arranged inside the bottom of the sampling shell 1.

[0038] The adjusting rod 3 is connected to the compacting plate 2, and the compacting plate 2 can be pushed by the adjusting rod 3 to adjust the radial position of the compacting plate 2 inside the sampling housing 1;

[0039] The positioning plates 4 are respectively arranged on the top of the sampling shell 1. After the sampling shell 1 is assembled, the positioning plates 4 are also assembled. The assembled positioning plates 4 form a positioning structure capable of locating the stems on the top cover of the sampling tube.

[0040] The water inlet pipe 5 can pass water into the sampling tube to flush the soil wrapped with the root system in the compaction tube;

[0041] The positioning tube 10 is used for positioning the assembled sampling tube;

[0042] The positioning and spinning device can be used to position the sampling tube and rotate and press the sampling tube into the soil.

[0043] In this specific embodiment, the sampling shell 1 is a semi-cylindrical plate structure and is provided with two pieces, the compacting plates 2 are an arc-shaped plate structure and are provided with four pieces, and two compacting plates 2 are provided on the inner side of one sampling shell 1 .

[0044] In this specific embodiment, a plurality of soil discharge holes are distributed on the compacting plate 2, and a slag discharge port (not shown in the figure) is provided on the limiting shoulder at the bottom of the sampling shell 1. When the compacting plate 2 is close to the inner wall of the sampling shell 1, the bottom of the compacting plate 2 can block the slag discharge port. When it is necessary to flush the soil on the root system with water, the soil residue is discharged from the soil discharge holes on the compacting plate 2 into the space between the compacting plate 2 and the sampling shell, and discharged from the slag discharge port at the bottom. When sampling, the compacting plate 2 can block the slag discharge port, thereby avoiding the influence of the setting of the slag discharge port on the sampling.

[0045] In this specific embodiment, an adjusting rod 3 is connected to the top of each compacting plate 2, one end of the adjusting rod 3 is connected to the outer wall of the compacting plate 2, and the other end of the adjusting rod 3 passes through the outside of the sampling tube along the radial direction.

[0046] In this specific embodiment, the positioning plate 4 is a semi-cylindrical plate and is located at the center of the top cover of the sampling tube. After the positioning plates 4 are assembled, a tubular positioning structure is formed, and the positioning structure is coaxial with the sampling tube.

[0047] In this specific embodiment, a water bag 6 is arranged inside the positioning plate 4, and the water bag 6 is connected to the water inlet pipe 5. A water distribution pipe 7 connected to the inner cavity is arranged on the top cover of the sampling tube, and the water inlet pipe 5 passes water into the sampling tube through the water distribution pipe 7.

[0048] In this specific embodiment, it also includes an observation hole 8 and a cutting rod 17. The observation hole 8 is distributed on the outer periphery of the top cover of the sampling tube. After the compacting plate 2 is assembled to form the compacting tube, a gap is formed between the compacting tube and the sampling tube, and the cutting rod 17 can be inserted into the gap through the observation hole 8.

[0049] In this specific embodiment, the positioning spinning device includes a positioning cylinder 10, a support rod 11, a mounting frame 12, a mounting beam 13, a connecting rod 14 and a handle 15. The positioning cylinder 10 can be sleeved on the top of the sampling cylinder, and the bottom of the positioning cylinder 10 contacts the adjusting rod 3. The support rod 11 is arranged at the top of the positioning cylinder 10, and the mounting frame 12 is arranged at the top of the support rod 11. Two mounting beams 13 are arranged and are installed in parallel to the bottom of the mounting frame 12 through bolts 16. The bottoms of the two mounting beams 13 are respectively connected to two vertically arranged connecting rods 14, and the bottoms of each connecting rod 14 can be inserted into the connecting port 9 arranged on the top cover of the sampling cylinder. The handles 15 are arranged on both sides of the mounting frame 12.

[0050] The crop root precision sampling device suitable for the intercropping system in this embodiment has the following working process:

[0051] First, after selecting the plant to be sampled, the part of the plant above the ground is removed, but a certain length of the stem needs to be retained; then a longer tube such as a steel pipe is used to be sleeved on the stem, and then the two sampling shells 1 are connected by the steel pipe. Initially, the sampling shell 1 and the compacting plate 2 are in contact, and then the two sampling shells 1 are fixed by the positioning tube 10, and the sampling tube is rotated into the soil by the handle 15 on the positioning spinning device. After the sampling tube is basically completely entered into the soil, the steel pipe is removed; then the position of the compacting plate 2 is adjusted by the adjusting rod 3 to separate the compacting plate 2 from the sampling shell 1, and the position of the compacting plate 2 is observed through the observation hole 8. When the distance between the compacting plate 2 and the sampling shell 1 is sufficient to insert the cutting rod 17, the cutting rod 17 is inserted between the sampling shell 1 and the compacting plate 2 through the observation hole 8. In this way, the soil in the sampling tube can be compacted to a certain extent, so that the sampling tube together with the soil and root system in the sampling tube can be taken out together.

[0052] After the sampling tube is taken out, the sampling tube is placed on the ground and water is supplied through the water inlet pipe 5. At this time, the water pressure of the water inlet can expand the water bag 6, so that the stem is fixed by the water bag 6. At the same time, water will enter the sampling tube through the water distribution pipe 7, and the soil on the inner side of the compacting plate 2 is flushed by the water flow. A plurality of small holes are opened on the compacting plate 2, and the soil flushed out by the water flow can enter the gap between the compacting plate 2 and the sampling tube through the small holes on the compacting plate 2. Since the soil is flushed from the top, the soil below can be used to protect the root system. In addition, in order to facilitate the discharge of soil from the sampling tube, a slag discharge port (not shown in the figure) can be opened at the bottom of the sampling tube. The slag discharge port is flush with the top plane of the stepped structure of the sampling tube, so as to facilitate the discharge of water mixed with soil. The soil in the sampling tube is discharged by water flushing, which can fully protect the integrity of the root system. In addition, due to the setting of the compacting plate 2, when sampling, the compacting plate 2 can seal the slag discharge port, thereby avoiding the influence of the setting of the slag discharge port on the sampling.

[0053] After the soil in the sampling tube is flushed completely, the water inlet pipe 5 is disconnected, the water bag 6 is restored to its original state, and the root system can be taken out of the sampling tube.

[0054] The present invention uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The above examples are only used to help understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the ideas of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

Claims

1. A crop root precision sampling device suitable for intercropping system, characterized by: It includes a sampling tube, a compacting plate, an adjusting rod, a positioning plate, a water inlet pipe and a positioning spinning device; The sampling tube is composed of a sampling shell, the bottom of the sampling tube is a hollow structure without a tube bottom, and the top of the sampling tube is provided with a top cover; The compacting plates are provided with a plurality of pieces, and the plurality of compacting plates can be assembled into a compacting cylinder, and the compacting plates are arranged inside the sampling shell, and are slidably connected with the limiting shoulder arranged inside the bottom of the sampling shell; The adjusting rod is connected to the pressing plate, and the pressing plate can be pushed by the adjusting rod to adjust the radial position of the pressing plate inside the sampling housing; The positioning plates are respectively arranged on the top of the sampling shells, and the positioning plates are also spliced ​​after the sampling shells are spliced. The spliced ​​positioning plates form a positioning structure capable of positioning the stems on the top cover of the sampling tube; The water inlet pipe can pass water into the sampling cylinder to flush the soil wrapped with the root system in the compaction cylinder; The positioning and spinning device can realize the positioning of the sampling tube and the rotation and pressing of the sampling tube into the soil.

2. The crop root precision sampling device suitable for intercropping system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sampling shell is a semi-cylindrical plate structure and is provided with two pieces.

3. The crop root precision sampling device suitable for intercropping system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The compacting plate is an arc-shaped plate structure and four compacting plates are provided.

4. The crop root precision sampling device suitable for intercropping system according to claim 3, characterized in that: A plurality of soil discharge holes are distributed on the compacting plate, and a slag discharge port is arranged on the limiting shoulder at the bottom of the sampling shell. When the compacting plate is close to the inner wall of the sampling shell, the bottom of the compacting plate can block the slag discharge port.

5. The crop root precision sampling device suitable for intercropping system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The top of each compacting plate is connected with an adjusting rod, one end of the adjusting rod is connected to the outer wall of the compacting plate, and the other end of the adjusting rod passes through the outside of the sampling tube along the radial direction.

6. The crop root precision sampling device suitable for intercropping system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning plate is a semi-cylindrical plate and is located at the center of the top cover of the sampling tube. The positioning plates are assembled to form a tubular positioning structure, and the positioning structure is coaxial with the sampling tube.

7. The crop root precision sampling device suitable for intercropping system according to claim 6, characterized in that: A water bag is arranged on the inner side of the positioning plate, and the water bag is connected to the water inlet pipe.

8. The crop root precision sampling device suitable for intercropping system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The top cover of the sampling tube is provided with a water distribution pipe communicating with the inner cavity, and the water inlet pipe passes water into the sampling tube through the water distribution pipe.

9. The crop root precision sampling device suitable for intercropping system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an observation hole and a cutting rod, wherein the observation holes are distributed on the outer circumference of the top cover of the sampling tube. After the compacting plates are assembled to form the compacting tube, a gap is formed between the compacting tube and the sampling tube, and the cutting rod can be inserted into the gap through the observation hole.

10. The crop root precision sampling device suitable for intercropping system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning spinning device includes a positioning cylinder, a support rod, a mounting frame, a mounting beam, a connecting rod and a handle. The positioning cylinder can be sleeved on the top of the sampling cylinder, and the bottom of the positioning cylinder contacts the adjusting rod. The support rod is arranged on the top of the positioning cylinder, and the mounting frame is arranged on the top of the support rod. Two mounting beams are arranged and installed in parallel at the bottom of the mounting frame. The bottoms of the two mounting beams are respectively connected to two vertically arranged connecting rods, and the bottom of each connecting rod can be inserted into the connecting port arranged on the top cover of the sampling cylinder. The handles are arranged on both sides of the mounting frame.

Images