Method and device for determining gravel distribution range based on seismic facies and seismic attributes

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a method and device for determining a gravel distribution range based on seismic facies and seismic attributes. Comprising the steps of obtaining a to-be-studied area and dividing the area into multiple layer sequences according to a preset sequence; acquiring a seismic section and seismic data corresponding to the to-be-researched area; determining a seismic facies in the to-be-studied area according to the reflection configuration and the reflection characteristics of the seismic section; drawing a seismic attribute map of each sequence according to the seismic data; for any sequence, determining a strip-shaped low-value area and a strip-shaped high-value area in the seismic attribute map of the sequence, and determining an area corresponding to the strip-shaped low-value area and the strip-shaped high-value area as a target area of the sequence; and determining the target area of each layer sequence as the gravel distribution range in each layer sequence so as to accurately determine the gravel distribution range, so that the obtained gravel distribution range is more accurate and more comprehensive.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of gravel research, and in particular to a method, device, storage medium and processor for determining the distribution range of gravel based on seismic phases and seismic attributes. Background Art

[0002] Exploration practice has proved that gravel distribution research is a key link in oil and gas reservoir exploration. The current gravel distribution research method refers to the results of previous geological comprehensive research, and systematically analyzes the gravel distribution in the study area based on field outcrops, drilling and logging data, and coring data, and then determines the distribution range of different gravels in the study area in combination with the stratigraphic distribution and sandstone development characteristics. Existing gravel distribution research is only based on field outcrops, drilling and logging data, and coring data. It does not make full use of seismic data to analyze the changes in the gravel distribution range, resulting in the gravel distribution range being inaccurate and incomplete. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the embodiments of the present application is to provide a method, device, storage medium and processor for determining the distribution range of gravel based on seismic phases and seismic attributes.

[0004] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present application provides, in a first aspect, a method for determining gravel distribution range based on seismic phases and seismic attributes, comprising:

[0005] Divide the area to be studied into multiple sequences according to a preset order;

[0006] Obtaining the seismic profile corresponding to the area to be studied and the seismic data of the area to be studied;

[0007] Determine the seismic phase in the area to be studied based on the reflection configuration and reflection characteristics of the seismic section;

[0008] Draw seismic attribute maps for each sequence based on seismic data;

[0009] For any sequence, determine the strip-shaped low-value area and the strip-shaped high-value area in the seismic attribute map of the sequence, and determine the area corresponding to the strip-shaped low-value area and the strip-shaped high-value area as the target area of ​​the sequence;

[0010] The target area for each sequence is determined as the gravel distribution range within each sequence.

[0011] In an embodiment of the present application, the method also includes: after dividing the area to be studied into multiple sequences according to a preset order, obtaining outcrop data, coring data and logging data of the area to be studied; determining multiple initial sedimentary phases included in the area to be studied based on the outcrop data, coring data and logging data.

[0012] In an embodiment of the present application, the method also includes: for any initial sedimentary phase, determining the reflection configuration and reflection characteristics corresponding to the initial deposition based on the seismic profile and the initial sedimentary phase; for any initial sedimentary phase, determining the seismic phase corresponding to the initial deposition based on the reflection configuration; and determining the corresponding sedimentary subphase based on each seismic phase and reflection characteristic.

[0013] In an embodiment of the present application, determining the seismic phase corresponding to the initial deposition according to the reflection configuration includes: for any initial deposition phase, when the reflection configuration of the initial deposition phase is a first preset reflection configuration, determining that the seismic phase corresponding to the initial deposition is an alluvial fan; for any initial deposition phase, when the reflection configuration of the initial deposition phase is a second preset reflection configuration, determining that the seismic phase corresponding to the initial deposition is a fan delta; for any initial deposition phase, when the reflection configuration of the initial deposition phase is a third preset reflection configuration, determining that the seismic phase corresponding to the initial deposition is an alluvial plain; for any initial deposition phase, when the reflection configuration of the initial deposition phase is a fourth preset reflection configuration, determining that the seismic phase corresponding to the initial deposition is a lake phase.

[0014] In an embodiment of the present application, determining the corresponding sedimentary subphase according to each seismic phase and reflection feature includes: for any one sequence, when the seismic phase of the sequence is an alluvial fan and the reflection feature is a first preset reflection feature, determining the sedimentary subphase of the sequence as a fan root subphase; for any one sequence, when the seismic phase of the sequence is an alluvial fan and the reflection feature is a second preset reflection feature, determining the sedimentary subphase of the sequence as a fan middle subphase; for any one sequence, when the seismic phase of the sequence is an alluvial fan and the reflection feature is a third preset reflection feature, determining the sedimentary subphase of the sequence as a fan edge subphase.

[0015] In an embodiment of the present application, determining the corresponding sedimentary subphase according to each seismic phase and reflection characteristic includes: for any one sequence, when the seismic phase of the sequence is a fan delta and the reflection characteristic is a first preset reflection characteristic, determining the sedimentary subphase of the sequence is a fan delta subphase; for any one sequence, when the seismic phase of the sequence is a fan delta and the reflection characteristic is a fourth preset reflection characteristic, determining the sedimentary subphase of the sequence is a fan delta front subphase; for any one sequence, when the seismic phase of the sequence is a fan delta and the reflection characteristic is a fifth preset reflection characteristic, determining the sedimentary subphase of the sequence is a front fan delta subphase.

[0016] In an embodiment of the present application, drawing a seismic attribute map for each sequence based on seismic data includes: for any sequence, determining the root mean square amplitude attribute of the sequence based on the seismic data of the sequence; for any sequence, dividing different value ranges according to the numerical value of each root mean square amplitude attribute of the sequence, wherein the value range includes strip-shaped low-value areas, strip-shaped high-value areas, strip-shaped medium-high value areas and messy low-value areas; for any sequence, drawing a seismic attribute map according to the value range.

[0017] A second aspect of the present application provides a processor configured to execute the above-mentioned method for determining the gravel distribution range based on seismic phases and seismic attributes.

[0018] A third aspect of the present application provides a device for determining the distribution range of gravel based on seismic phases and seismic attributes, including the above-mentioned processor.

[0019] A fourth aspect of the present application provides a machine-readable storage medium having instructions stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, configures the processor to execute the above-mentioned method for determining the gravel distribution range based on seismic phases and seismic attributes.

[0020] The above technical scheme obtains the area to be studied and divides it into multiple sequences according to a preset order; obtains the seismic profile corresponding to the area to be studied and the seismic data of the area to be studied, and determines the seismic phase in the area to be studied according to the reflection configuration and reflection characteristics of the seismic profile; draws a seismic attribute map of each sequence according to the seismic data; for any sequence, determines the strip-shaped low-value area and the strip-shaped high-value area in the seismic attribute map of the sequence, and determines the area corresponding to the strip-shaped low-value area and the strip-shaped high-value area as the target area; determines the gravel distribution range in each sequence from the target area of ​​each sequence, so as to accurately determine the gravel distribution range through seismic attributes and seismic phases, so that the obtained gravel distribution range is more accurate and comprehensive.

[0021] Other features and advantages of the embodiments of the present application will be described in detail in the subsequent specific implementation section. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the present application and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the following specific implementations, they are used to explain the embodiments of the present application, but do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments of the present application. In the accompanying drawings:

[0023] Figure 1 The flowchart of the method for determining the gravel distribution range based on seismic phases and seismic attributes according to an embodiment of the present application is schematically shown;

[0024] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a seismic profile according to an embodiment of the present application is schematically shown;

[0025] Figure 3 A schematic diagram schematically shows a layer sequence according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Figure 4 Another schematic diagram of a seismic profile according to an embodiment of the present application is schematically shown;

[0027] Figure 5 Another schematic diagram schematically shows a layer sequence according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of gravel distribution according to an embodiment of the present application is schematically shown;

[0029] Figure 7 The internal structure diagram of a computer device according to an embodiment of the present application is schematically shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. It should be understood that the specific implementation methods described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the embodiments of the present application, and are not used to limit the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0031] Figure 1 The flowchart of the method for determining the gravel distribution range based on seismic phases and seismic attributes according to an embodiment of the present application is schematically shown. Figure 1 As shown, in one embodiment of the present application, a method for determining the gravel distribution range based on seismic phases and seismic attributes is provided, comprising the following steps:

[0032] Step 101: obtain a region to be studied and divide it into multiple layers according to a preset order.

[0033] Step 102, obtaining the seismic profile corresponding to the area to be studied and the seismic data of the area to be studied.

[0034] Step 103, determining the seismic phase in the area to be studied according to the reflection configuration and reflection characteristics of the seismic profile.

[0035] Step 104: Draw a seismic attribute map of each sequence based on the seismic data.

[0036] Step 105, for any sequence, determine the strip-shaped low-value area and the strip-shaped high-value area in the seismic attribute map of the sequence, and determine the area corresponding to the strip-shaped low-value area and the strip-shaped high-value area as the target area of ​​the sequence.

[0037] Step 106: determine the target area of ​​each sequence as the gravel distribution range within each sequence.

[0038] The gravel distribution range refers to the distribution area of ​​gravel in the area to be studied. A seismic profile, also called a seismic recording profile, is a seismic data map that marks a certain survey line. Seismic phase is the sum of the manifestations of sedimentary phases on the seismic profile. It is a seismic feature formed by the sedimentary environment (such as marine or terrestrial). It refers to a seismic reflection unit within a certain area. The seismic attribute parameters in this unit are different from those of adjacent units. The processor can obtain the area to be studied and divide it into multiple sequences according to a preset order. Among them, the sequence is a set of relatively unified, genetically related strata bounded by unconformities or conformity surfaces that can be compared with it. The processor can obtain the seismic profile corresponding to the area to be studied and the seismic data of the area to be studied. After obtaining the seismic profile of the area to be studied, the processor can determine the seismic phase in the area to be studied based on the reflection configuration and reflection characteristics of the seismic profile. Among them, the reflection configuration is the spatial arrangement of the various components (i.e., event axes) in the seismic profile. It is very similar to the bedding structure in morphology. For example, the parallel reflection configuration is similar to the horizontal bedding; the progradational reflection configuration is similar to the cross-bedding, etc., so in a sense it can be regarded as a "super-giant" bedding. The reflection characteristics refer to the physical seismological characteristics of the event axes, the basic components of the seismic profile, including its apparent amplitude, apparent period (video frequency), waveform and continuity. The processor can draw the seismic attribute map of each sequence according to the seismic data. After drawing the seismic attribute map of each sequence, for any sequence, the processor can determine the strip-shaped low-value area and the strip-shaped high-value area in the seismic attribute map of the sequence, and determine the area corresponding to the strip-shaped low-value area and the strip-shaped high-value area as the target area of ​​the sequence. After determining the target area of ​​each sequence, the processor can determine the target area of ​​each sequence as the gravel distribution range of each sequence.

[0039] For example, the processor can obtain that the area to be studied is divided into multiple four-level sequences such as SQ1, SQ2, SQ3, SQ4, SQ5, SQ6, SQ7, SQ8, and SQ9 according to the thickness of the strata. The processor can obtain the seismic profile corresponding to the area to be studied and the seismic data of the area to be studied. Among them, the seismic profile of the area to be studied is as follows: Figure 2As shown, it includes wells BZ8, BZ7, BZ901, BZ9, BZ902, and sequences SQ1, SQ2, SQ3, SQ4, SQ5, SQ6, SQ7, SQ8, and SQ9. After obtaining the seismic profile of the area to be studied, the processor can determine the seismic phase in the area to be studied based on the reflection configuration of the seismic profile. After determining the seismic phase of the area to be studied, the processor can determine the sedimentary subphase of each sequence based on the seismic phase and the reflection characteristics of the seismic profile. The processor can draw a seismic attribute map for each sequence based on the seismic data. Figure 3 As shown, the processor can draw a seismic attribute map of the fourth-level sequence SQ3, which includes the fan delta plain-local strip-shaped low-value area, the fan delta front-divergent strip-shaped high-value area, the front fan delta, and the lake messy low-value area. For sequence SQ3, the processor can determine the fan delta plain and the fan delta front-divergent strip-shaped high-value area corresponding to the strip-shaped low-value area as the target sedimentary subfacies of sequence SQ3. The processor can draw the boundaries of the fan delta plain and the fan delta front, and determine the area within the boundaries of the fan delta plain and the fan delta front as the gravel distribution range of sequence SQ3.

[0040] The above technical solution accurately determines the gravel distribution range through seismic attributes and seismic phases, so that the obtained gravel distribution range is more accurate and comprehensive.

[0041] In one embodiment, the method further includes: after dividing the area to be studied into multiple sequences according to a preset order, obtaining outcrop data, coring data and logging data of the area to be studied; and determining multiple initial sedimentary phases included in the area to be studied based on the outcrop data, coring data and logging data.

[0042] After the area to be studied is divided into multiple sequences according to a preset order, the processor can obtain outcrop data, coring data and logging data of the area to be studied, and determine multiple initial sedimentary phases included in the area to be studied based on the outcrop data, coring data and logging data.

[0043] In one embodiment, determining the seismic phase in the area to be studied based on the reflection configuration of the seismic profile includes: for any initial sedimentary phase, determining the reflection configuration and reflection characteristics corresponding to the initial deposition based on the seismic profile and the initial sedimentary phase; for any initial sedimentary phase, determining the seismic phase corresponding to the initial deposition based on the reflection configuration; determining the corresponding sedimentary subphase based on each seismic phase and the reflection characteristics.

[0044] The processor can determine the seismic phase in the area to be studied based on the reflection configuration and reflection characteristics of the seismic profile. Specifically, for any initial sedimentary phase, the processor can determine the reflection configuration corresponding to the initial deposition based on the seismic profile and the initial sedimentary phase. The processor can determine the seismic phase corresponding to the initial deposition based on the reflection configuration. After obtaining the seismic phase, the processor can determine the corresponding sedimentary subphase based on each seismic phase and the reflection characteristics. Among them, the sedimentary phase is the sum of the generation environment, generation conditions and characteristics of the sediment. The sedimentary subphase is a specific sub-environment in the sedimentary environment, which usually has specific sedimentary characteristics, sediment types, structures, compositions or other geological attributes, and is significantly different from the surrounding environment.

[0045] In one embodiment, determining the seismic phase corresponding to the initial deposition according to the reflection configuration includes: for any initial deposition phase, when the reflection configuration of the initial deposition phase is a first preset reflection configuration, determining that the seismic phase corresponding to the initial deposition is an alluvial fan; for any initial deposition phase, when the reflection configuration of the initial deposition phase is a second preset reflection configuration, determining that the seismic phase corresponding to the initial deposition is a fan delta; for any initial deposition phase, when the reflection configuration of the initial deposition phase is a third preset reflection configuration, determining that the seismic phase corresponding to the initial deposition is an alluvial plain; for any initial deposition phase, when the reflection configuration of the initial deposition phase is a fourth preset reflection configuration, determining that the seismic phase corresponding to the initial deposition is a lake phase.

[0046] For any initial deposition phase, the processor can determine the reflection configuration and reflection characteristics corresponding to the initial deposition according to the seismic profile and the initial deposition phase. The processor can determine the seismic phase corresponding to the initial deposition according to the reflection configuration.

[0047] Specifically, when the emission configuration characteristic of the initial deposition phase is a first preset reflection configuration, the processor can determine that the seismic phase corresponding to the initial deposition is an alluvial fan. When the reflection configuration of the initial deposition phase is a second preset reflection configuration, the processor can determine that the seismic phase corresponding to the initial deposition is a fan delta. When the reflection configuration of the initial deposition phase is a third preset reflection configuration, the processor can determine that the seismic phase corresponding to the initial deposition is an alluvial plain. When the reflection configuration characteristic of the initial deposition phase is a fourth preset reflection configuration, the processor can determine that the seismic phase corresponding to the initial deposition is a lake phase.

[0048] For example, for any initial depositional phase, when the reflection configuration of the initial depositional phase is a progradational, wavy reflection configuration, the processor can determine that the seismic phase corresponding to the initial deposition is an alluvial fan. When the reflection configuration of the initial depositional phase is a progradational, wavy reflection, parallel, or sub-parallel configuration, the processor can determine that the seismic phase corresponding to the initial deposition is a fan delta. When the reflection configuration of the initial depositional phase is a wavy reflection configuration, the processor can determine that the seismic phase corresponding to the initial deposition is an alluvial plain. When the reflection configuration of the initial depositional phase is a parallel, sub-parallel, or wavy reflection configuration, the processor can determine that the seismic phase corresponding to the initial deposition is a lake phase.

[0049] In one embodiment, determining the corresponding sedimentary subphase according to each seismic phase and reflection feature includes: for any sequence, when the seismic phase of the sequence is an alluvial fan and the reflection feature is a first preset reflection feature, determining the sedimentary subphase of the sequence as a fan root subphase; for any sequence, when the seismic phase of the sequence is an alluvial fan and the reflection feature is a second preset reflection feature, determining the sedimentary subphase of the sequence as a fan middle subphase; for any sequence, when the seismic phase of the sequence is an alluvial fan and the reflection feature is a third preset reflection feature, determining the sedimentary subphase of the sequence as a fan edge subphase.

[0050] The processor can determine the corresponding sedimentary subphase according to each seismic phase and reflection feature. Specifically, for any sequence, when the seismic phase of the sequence is an alluvial fan and the reflection feature is a first preset reflection feature, the processor can determine that the sedimentary subphase of the sequence is a fan root subphase. When the seismic phase of the sequence is an alluvial fan and the reflection feature is a second preset reflection feature, the processor can determine that the sedimentary subphase of the sequence is a fan middle subphase. When the seismic phase of the sequence is an alluvial fan and the reflection feature is a third preset reflection feature, the processor can determine that the sedimentary subphase of the sequence is a fan edge subphase.

[0051] In one embodiment, determining the corresponding sedimentary subphase according to each seismic phase and reflection characteristic includes: for any one sequence, when the seismic phase of the sequence is a fan delta and the reflection characteristic is a first preset reflection characteristic, determining the sedimentary subphase of the sequence is a fan delta subphase; for any one sequence, when the seismic phase of the sequence is a fan delta and the reflection characteristic is a fourth preset reflection characteristic, determining the sedimentary subphase of the sequence is a fan delta front subphase; for any one sequence, when the seismic phase of the sequence is a fan delta and the reflection characteristic is a fifth preset reflection characteristic, determining the sedimentary subphase of the sequence is a front fan delta subphase.

[0052] The processor can determine the corresponding sedimentary subphase according to each seismic phase and reflection feature. Specifically, for any sequence, when the seismic phase of the sequence is a fan delta and the reflection feature is a first preset reflection feature, the processor can determine that the sedimentary subphase of the sequence is a fan delta subphase. When the seismic phase of the sequence is a fan delta and the reflection feature is a fourth preset reflection feature, the processor can determine that the sedimentary subphase of the sequence is a fan delta front subphase. When the seismic phase of the sequence is a fan delta and the reflection feature is a fifth preset reflection feature, the processor can determine that the sedimentary subphase of the sequence is a front fan delta subphase.

[0053] For example, Figure 4 As shown, the seismic profile includes wells BZ8, BZ7, BZ901, BZ9, BZ902, and sequences SQ1, SQ2, SQ3, SQ4, SQ5, SQ6, SQ7, SQ8, and SQ9. For sequence SQ9, the seismic phase included in sequence SQ9 has an alluvial fan and the reflection characteristics are chaotic reflections. The processor can determine that the sedimentary subphases included in sequence SQ9 include fan root subphases. Sequence SQ9 also includes seismic phases including an alluvial fan and the emission structure characteristics are medium amplitude and medium continuous reflection. The processor can determine that the sedimentary subphases included in sequence SQ9 include fan middle subphases. Sequence SQ9 also includes seismic phases including an alluvial fan and the emission structure characteristics are medium amplitude and good continuous reflection. The processor can determine that the sedimentary subphases included in sequence SQ9 include fan edge subphases. Sequence SQ9 also includes a seismic phase with an alluvial plain and an emission structure characterized by a reflection with a relatively strong amplitude and good continuity. The processor can determine that the sedimentary subphases included in sequence SQ9 include an alluvial plain subphase.

[0054] For sequence SQ8, the seismic phase included in sequence SQ8 has an alluvial fan and the reflection characteristics are chaotic reflections. The processor can determine that the sedimentary subphases included in sequence SQ8 include a fan root subphase. Sequence SQ8 also includes a seismic phase including an alluvial fan and the emission structure characteristics are medium amplitude and medium continuous reflection. The processor can determine that the sedimentary subphases included in sequence SQ8 include a fan middle subphase. Sequence SQ8 also includes a seismic phase including an alluvial fan and the emission structure characteristics are medium amplitude and good continuous reflection. The processor can determine that the sedimentary subphases included in sequence SQ8 include a fan edge subphase. Sequence SQ8 also includes a seismic phase including an alluvial plain and the emission structure characteristics are strong amplitude and good continuous reflection. The processor can determine that the sedimentary subphases included in sequence SQ8 include an alluvial plain subphase.

[0055] For sequence SQ7, the seismic phase included in sequence SQ7 has an alluvial fan and the reflection characteristics are chaotic reflections. The processor can determine that the sedimentary subphases included in sequence SQ7 include a fan root subphase. Sequence SQ7 also includes a seismic phase including an alluvial fan and the emission structure characteristics are medium amplitude and medium continuous reflection. The processor can determine that the sedimentary subphases included in sequence SQ7 include a fan middle subphase. Sequence SQ7 also includes a seismic phase including an alluvial fan and the emission structure characteristics are medium amplitude and good continuous reflection. The processor can determine that the sedimentary subphases included in sequence SQ7 include a fan edge subphase. Sequence SQ7 also includes a seismic phase including an alluvial plain and the emission structure characteristics are strong amplitude and good continuous reflection. The processor can determine that the sedimentary subphases included in sequence SQ7 include an alluvial plain subphase.

[0056] For sequence SQ6, the seismic phase included in sequence SQ6 has an alluvial fan and the reflection characteristics are chaotic reflections. The processor can determine that the sedimentary subphases included in sequence SQ6 include a fan root subphase. Sequence SQ6 also includes a seismic phase including an alluvial fan and the emission structure characteristics are medium amplitude, medium continuous reflection, and three high reflections. The processor can determine that the sedimentary subphases included in sequence SQ6 include a fan middle subphase. Sequence SQ6 also includes a seismic phase including an alluvial fan and the emission structure characteristics are medium amplitude and good continuous reflection. The processor can determine that the sedimentary subphases included in sequence SQ6 include a fan edge subphase. Sequence SQ6 also includes a seismic phase including an alluvial plain and the emission structure characteristics are strong amplitude and good continuous reflection. The processor can determine that the sedimentary subphases included in sequence SQ6 include an alluvial plain subphase.

[0057] For sequence SQ5, the seismic phase included in sequence SQ5 has a fan delta and the reflection characteristics are a chaotic reflection structure. The processor can determine that the sedimentary subphase included in sequence SQ5 has a fan delta plain subphase. Sequence SQ5 also includes a seismic phase with a fan delta and the reflection characteristics are medium amplitude and medium continuous reflection. The processor can determine that the sedimentary subphase included in sequence SQ5 has a fan delta front subphase. Sequence SQ5 also includes a seismic phase with a fan delta and the reflection characteristics are weak amplitude and good continuity reflection. The processor can determine that the sedimentary subphase included in sequence SQ5 has a front fan delta subphase or a shore shallow lake subphase.

[0058] For sequence SQ4, the seismic phase included in sequence SQ4 has a fan delta and the reflection characteristics are medium amplitude and medium continuous reflection. The processor can determine that the sedimentary subphase included in sequence SQ4 has a fan delta front subphase. Sequence SQ4 also includes a fan delta and the reflection characteristics are weak amplitude and good continuity reflection. The processor can determine that the sedimentary subphase included in sequence SQ4 has a front fan delta subphase or a shallow lake subphase.

[0059] For sequence SQ3, the seismic phase included in sequence SQ3 has a fan delta and the reflection characteristics are medium amplitude and medium continuous reflection. The processor can determine that the sedimentary subphase included in sequence SQ3 has a fan delta front subphase. Sequence SQ3 also includes a fan delta and the reflection characteristics are weak amplitude and good continuity reflection. The processor can determine that the sedimentary subphase included in sequence SQ3 has a front fan delta subphase or a shore shallow lake subphase.

[0060] For sequence SQ2, the seismic phase included in sequence SQ2 has a fan delta and the reflection characteristics are medium amplitude and medium continuous reflection. The processor can determine that the sedimentary subphase included in sequence SQ2 has a fan delta front subphase. Sequence SQ2 also includes a seismic phase with a fan delta and the reflection characteristics are weak amplitude and good continuity reflection. The processor can determine that the sedimentary subphase included in sequence SQ2 has a front fan delta subphase or a shore shallow lake subphase.

[0061] For sequence SQ1, the seismic phase included in sequence SQ1 has a fan delta and the reflection characteristics are medium amplitude and medium continuous reflection. The processor can determine that the sedimentary subphase included in sequence SQ1 has a fan delta front subphase. Sequence SQ1 also includes a fan delta and the reflection characteristics are weak amplitude and good continuity reflection. The processor can determine that the sedimentary subphase included in sequence SQ1 has a front fan delta subphase or a shallow lake subphase. Sequence SQ1 also includes a lake phase and the reflection characteristics are three high reflections. The processor can determine that the sedimentary subphase included in sequence SQ1 has a gypsum salt lake subphase.

[0062] In one embodiment, drawing a seismic attribute map for each sequence based on seismic data includes: for any sequence, determining the root mean square amplitude attribute of the sequence based on the seismic data of the sequence; for any sequence, dividing different value ranges according to the numerical value of each root mean square amplitude attribute of the sequence, wherein the value range includes strip-shaped low-value areas, strip-shaped high-value areas, strip-shaped medium-high value areas and messy low-value areas; for any sequence, drawing a seismic attribute map based on the value range.

[0063] The processor can draw a seismic attribute map for each sequence based on the seismic data. Specifically, for any sequence, the processor can determine the root mean square amplitude attribute of the sequence based on the seismic data of the sequence. And divide different value ranges according to the numerical values ​​of each root mean square amplitude attribute of the sequence. Among them, the value range includes strip-shaped low-value areas, strip-shaped high-value areas, strip-shaped medium-high-value areas and messy low-value areas. After determining the value range of the sequence, the processor can draw a seismic attribute map based on the value range.

[0064] For example, for the fourth-order sequence SQ8, the processor can determine the root mean square amplitude attribute of the sequence SQ8 based on the seismic data. Figure 5As shown, the processor can divide the sequence SQ8 into the fan overlap-high value area, the alluvial fan sheet flow deposition-local strip-like low value area, the braided water channel in the fan-strip-like medium-high value area, and the alluvial fan edge and alluvial plain-strip-like medium-low value area according to the value of each root mean square amplitude attribute of the sequence SQ8. The processor can draw a seismic attribute map of the sequence SQ8 according to the fan overlap-high value area, the alluvial fan sheet flow deposition-local strip-like low value area, the braided water channel in the fan-strip-like medium-high value area, and the alluvial fan edge and alluvial plain-strip-like medium-low value area.

[0065] In one embodiment, the processor may obtain that the area to be studied is divided into a plurality of stratigraphic sequences according to a preset order. The processor may obtain outcrop data, coring data, and logging data of the area to be studied. The processor may determine a plurality of initial sedimentary phases included in the area to be studied based on the outcrop data, coring data, and logging data.

[0066] The processor may obtain a seismic profile corresponding to the area to be studied and seismic data of the area to be studied. After obtaining the seismic profile of the area to be studied, for any initial sedimentary phase, the processor may determine a reflection configuration corresponding to the initial deposition according to the seismic profile and the initial depositional phase. The processor may determine the seismic phase corresponding to the initial deposition according to the reflection configuration.

[0067] Specifically, for any initial depositional phase, when the reflection configuration of the initial depositional phase is a progradational, wavy reflection configuration, the processor can determine that the seismic phase corresponding to the initial deposition is an alluvial fan. When the reflection configuration of the initial depositional phase is a progradational, wavy reflection, parallel, or sub-parallel configuration, the processor can determine that the seismic phase corresponding to the initial deposition is a fan delta. When the reflection configuration of the initial depositional phase is a wavy reflection configuration, the processor can determine that the seismic phase corresponding to the initial deposition is an alluvial plain. When the reflection configuration of the initial depositional phase is a parallel, sub-parallel, or wavy reflection configuration, the processor can determine that the seismic phase corresponding to the initial deposition is a lake phase.

[0068] After obtaining the seismic phase, the processor can determine the sedimentary subphase of each sequence according to the seismic phase and the reflection characteristics of the seismic profile. Specifically, for any sequence, when the seismic phase of the sequence is an alluvial fan and the reflection characteristics are a chaotic reflection structure, the processor can determine that the sedimentary subphase of the sequence is a fan root subphase. When the seismic phase of the sequence is an alluvial fan and the reflection characteristics are medium amplitude, medium continuous reflection structure, and three high reflection structures, the processor can determine that the sedimentary subphase of the sequence is a fan middle subphase. When the seismic phase of the sequence is an alluvial fan and the reflection characteristics are medium amplitude and good continuity reflection structure, the processor can determine that the sedimentary subphase of the sequence is a fan edge subphase.

[0069] For any sequence, when the seismic phase of the sequence is a fan delta and the reflection characteristics are a chaotic reflection structure, the processor can determine that the sedimentary subphase of the sequence is a fan delta subphase. When the seismic phase of the sequence is a fan delta and the reflection characteristics are a three-high reflection structure and an upward enhanced reflection structure, the processor can determine that the sedimentary subphase of the sequence is a fan delta front subphase. When the seismic phase of the sequence is a fan delta and the reflection characteristics are weak amplitude and good continuity, the processor can determine that the sedimentary subphase of the sequence is a front fan delta subphase.

[0070] The processor can draw a seismic attribute map for each sequence based on the seismic data. Specifically, for any sequence, the processor can determine the root mean square amplitude attribute of the sequence based on the seismic data of the sequence. And divide different value ranges according to the numerical values ​​of each root mean square amplitude attribute of the sequence. Among them, the value range includes strip-shaped low-value areas, strip-shaped high-value areas, strip-shaped medium-high-value areas and messy low-value areas. After determining the value range of the sequence, the processor can draw a seismic attribute map based on the value range.

[0071] After drawing the seismic attribute map of each sequence, for any sequence, the processor can determine the strip-shaped low-value area and the strip-shaped high-value area in the seismic attribute map of the sequence, and determine the sedimentary subfacies corresponding to the strip-shaped low-value area and the strip-shaped high-value area as the target sedimentary subfacies of the sequence. After determining the target sedimentary subfacies of the sequence, the processor can draw the boundary of the target sedimentary subfacies of the sequence, and determine the area within the boundary as the gravel distribution range of the sequence. For example, Figure 3 As shown in Figure 1, the sedimentary subfacies corresponding to the strip-shaped low-value area of ​​the fourth-order sequence SQ3 is the fan delta plain, and the sedimentary subfacies corresponding to the strip-shaped high-value area is the fan delta front. The processor can draw the boundary between the fan delta plain and the fan delta front, as shown in Figure 1. Figure 6 As shown, after drawing the boundary of the fan delta plain and the fan delta front, the processor can determine the area within the boundary as the gravel distribution range of sequence SQ3.

[0072] After obtaining the gravel distribution ranges of different sequences, the processor can determine that the overall gravel distribution range is gradually increasing based on the gravel distribution ranges of different sequences.

[0073] The above technical solution accurately determines the gravel distribution range through seismic attributes and seismic phases, so that the obtained gravel distribution range is more accurate and comprehensive.

[0074] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for determining gravel distribution range based on seismic phases and seismic attributes in one embodiment. Figure 1The steps in the flowchart are shown in sequence as indicated by the arrows, but these steps are not necessarily executed in the order indicated by the arrows. Unless otherwise specified in this document, there is no strict order restriction for the execution of these steps, and these steps can be executed in other orders. Moreover, Figure 1 At least part of the steps may include multiple sub-steps or multiple stages. These sub-steps or stages are not necessarily executed at the same time, but can be executed at different times. The execution order of these sub-steps or stages is not necessarily sequential, but can be executed in turn or alternately with other steps or at least part of the sub-steps or stages of other steps.

[0075] An embodiment of the present application provides a processor, which is used to run a program, wherein the program, when running, executes the above-mentioned method for determining the gravel distribution range based on seismic phases and seismic attributes.

[0076] An embodiment of the present application provides a device for determining the distribution range of gravel based on seismic phases and seismic attributes, including the above-mentioned processor.

[0077] An embodiment of the present application provides a storage medium on which a program is stored. When the program is executed by a processor, the method for determining the gravel distribution range based on seismic phases and seismic attributes is implemented.

[0078] In one embodiment, a computer device is provided. The computer device may be a server, and its internal structure diagram may be as follows: Figure 7 As shown. The computer device includes a processor A01, a network interface A02, a memory (not shown in the figure) and a database (not shown in the figure) connected through a system bus. Among them, the processor A01 of the computer device is used to provide computing and control capabilities. The memory of the computer device includes an internal memory A03 and a non-volatile storage medium A04. The non-volatile storage medium A04 stores an operating system B01, a computer program B02 and a database (not shown in the figure). The internal memory A03 provides an environment for the operation of the operating system B01 and the computer program B02 in the non-volatile storage medium A04. The database of the computer device is used to store seismic data, seismic phases and sedimentary subphase data. The network interface A02 of the computer device is used to communicate with an external terminal through a network connection. When the computer program B02 is executed by the processor A01, a method for determining the distribution range of gravel based on seismic phases and seismic attributes is implemented.

[0079] Those skilled in the art will understand that Figure 7The structure shown in the figure is only a block diagram of a part of the structure related to the solution of the present application, and does not constitute a limitation on the computer device to which the solution of the present application is applied. The specific computer device may include more or fewer components than those shown in the figure, or combine certain components, or have a different arrangement of components.

[0080] An embodiment of the present application provides a device, which includes a processor, a memory, and a program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the program, the following steps are implemented: obtaining a region to be studied and dividing it into a plurality of sequences according to a preset order; obtaining a seismic profile corresponding to the region to be studied and seismic data of the region to be studied; determining the seismic phase in the region to be studied according to the reflection configuration and reflection characteristics of the seismic profile; drawing a seismic attribute map of each sequence according to the seismic data; for any sequence, determining a strip-shaped low-value area and a strip-shaped high-value area in the seismic attribute map of the sequence, and determining the area corresponding to the strip-shaped low-value area and the strip-shaped high-value area as a target area of ​​the sequence; and determining the target area of ​​each sequence as the gravel distribution range within each sequence.

[0081] In one embodiment, the method further includes: after dividing the area to be studied into multiple sequences according to a preset order, obtaining outcrop data, coring data and logging data of the area to be studied; and determining multiple initial sedimentary phases included in the area to be studied based on the outcrop data, coring data and logging data.

[0082] In one embodiment, the method further includes: for any initial sedimentary phase, determining the reflection configuration and reflection characteristics corresponding to the initial deposition based on the seismic profile and the initial sedimentary phase; for any initial sedimentary phase, determining the seismic phase corresponding to the initial deposition based on the reflection configuration; and determining the corresponding sedimentary subphase based on each seismic phase and reflection characteristic.

[0083] In one embodiment, determining the seismic phase corresponding to the initial deposition according to the reflection configuration includes: for any initial deposition phase, when the reflection configuration of the initial deposition phase is a first preset reflection configuration, determining that the seismic phase corresponding to the initial deposition is an alluvial fan; for any initial deposition phase, when the reflection configuration of the initial deposition phase is a second preset reflection configuration, determining that the seismic phase corresponding to the initial deposition is a fan delta; for any initial deposition phase, when the reflection configuration of the initial deposition phase is a third preset reflection configuration, determining that the seismic phase corresponding to the initial deposition is an alluvial plain; for any initial deposition phase, when the reflection configuration of the initial deposition phase is a fourth preset reflection configuration, determining that the seismic phase corresponding to the initial deposition is a lake phase.

[0084] In one embodiment, determining the corresponding sedimentary subphase according to each seismic phase and reflection feature includes: for any sequence, when the seismic phase of the sequence is an alluvial fan and the reflection feature is a first preset reflection feature, determining the sedimentary subphase of the sequence as a fan root subphase; for any sequence, when the seismic phase of the sequence is an alluvial fan and the reflection feature is a second preset reflection feature, determining the sedimentary subphase of the sequence as a fan middle subphase; for any sequence, when the seismic phase of the sequence is an alluvial fan and the reflection feature is a third preset reflection feature, determining the sedimentary subphase of the sequence as a fan edge subphase.

[0085] In one embodiment, determining the corresponding sedimentary subphase according to each seismic phase and reflection characteristic includes: for any one sequence, when the seismic phase of the sequence is a fan delta and the reflection characteristic is a first preset reflection characteristic, determining the sedimentary subphase of the sequence is a fan delta subphase; for any one sequence, when the seismic phase of the sequence is a fan delta and the reflection characteristic is a fourth preset reflection characteristic, determining the sedimentary subphase of the sequence is a fan delta front subphase; for any one sequence, when the seismic phase of the sequence is a fan delta and the reflection characteristic is a fifth preset reflection characteristic, determining the sedimentary subphase of the sequence is a front fan delta subphase.

[0086] In one embodiment, drawing a seismic attribute map for each sequence based on seismic data includes: for any sequence, determining the root mean square amplitude attribute of the sequence based on the seismic data of the sequence; for any sequence, dividing different value ranges according to the numerical value of each root mean square amplitude attribute of the sequence, wherein the value range includes strip-shaped low-value areas, strip-shaped high-value areas, strip-shaped medium-high value areas and messy low-value areas; for any sequence, drawing a seismic attribute map based on the value range.

[0087] The present application also provides a computer program product, which, when executed on a data processing device, is suitable for executing a program that initializes the method steps of determining the gravel distribution range based on seismic phases and seismic attributes.

[0088] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the embodiments of the present application may be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present application may adopt the form of a complete hardware embodiment, a complete software embodiment, or an embodiment in combination with software and hardware. Moreover, the present application may adopt the form of a computer program product implemented in one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) that include computer-usable program code.

[0089] The present application is described with reference to the flowcharts and / or block diagrams of the methods, devices (systems), and computer program products according to the embodiments of the present application. It should be understood that each process and / or box in the flowchart and / or block diagram, as well as the combination of the processes and / or boxes in the flowchart and / or block diagram, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, an embedded processor, or other programmable data processing device to generate a machine, so that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing device generate instructions for implementing the processes in the flowchart and / or block diagram. Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in a block or multiple blocks.

[0090] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory capable of directing a computer or other programmable data processing device to operate in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture comprising an instruction device, which implements the process Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A function specified in one or more boxes.

[0091] These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device so that a series of operating steps are executed on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions for implementing the process. Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps for the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0092] In a typical configuration, a computing device includes one or more processors (CPU), input / output interfaces, network interfaces, and memory.

[0093] The memory may include non-permanent memory in a computer-readable medium, random access memory (RAM) and / or non-volatile memory in the form of read-only memory (ROM) or flash RAM. The memory is an example of a computer-readable medium.

[0094] Computer readable media include permanent and non-permanent, removable and non-removable media that can be implemented by any method or technology to store information. Information can be computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules or other data. Examples of computer storage media include, but are not limited to, phase change memory (PRAM), static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), other types of random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technology, compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), digital versatile disk (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices or any other non-transmission media that can be used to store information that can be accessed by a computing device. As defined herein, computer readable media does not include temporary computer readable media (transitory media), such as modulated data signals and carrier waves.

[0095] It should also be noted that the terms "include", "comprises" or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, commodity or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, commodity or device. In the absence of more restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "comprises a ..." do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, commodity or device including the elements.

[0096] The above are only embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application may have various changes and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included within the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for determining gravel distribution range based on seismic phases and seismic attributes, characterized in that: The method comprises: Obtain the area to be studied and divide it into multiple layers according to a preset order; Acquire the seismic profile corresponding to the area to be studied and the seismic data of the area to be studied; Determining the seismic phase in the area to be studied according to the reflection configuration and reflection characteristics of the seismic profile; Draw a seismic attribute map for each sequence based on the seismic data; For any sequence, determining a strip-shaped low-value area and a strip-shaped high-value area in a seismic attribute map of the sequence, and determining the area corresponding to the strip-shaped low-value area and the strip-shaped high-value area as a target area of ​​the sequence; The target area for each sequence is determined as the gravel distribution range within each sequence.

2. The method for determining gravel distribution range based on seismic phases and seismic attributes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method further comprises: After dividing the area to be studied into a plurality of sequences according to a preset order, outcrop data, coring data and well logging data of the area to be studied are obtained; A plurality of initial sedimentary phases included in the area to be studied are determined according to the outcrop data, the coring data and the logging data.

3. The method for determining gravel distribution range based on seismic phases and seismic attributes according to claim 2, characterized in that: The method further comprises: For any initial depositional phase, determining the reflection configuration and reflection characteristics corresponding to the initial deposition according to the seismic profile and the initial depositional phase; For any initial depositional phase, determining the seismic phase corresponding to the initial deposition according to the reflection configuration; The corresponding sedimentary subfacies is determined based on each seismic phase and reflection characteristics.

4. The method for determining gravel distribution range based on seismic phases and seismic attributes according to claim 3, characterized in that: Determining the seismic phase corresponding to the initial deposition according to the reflection configuration comprises: For any initial depositional phase, when the reflection configuration of the initial depositional phase is a first preset reflection configuration, determining that the seismic phase corresponding to the initial depositional phase is an alluvial fan; For any initial depositional phase, when the reflection configuration of the initial depositional phase is a second preset reflection configuration, determining that the seismic phase corresponding to the initial depositional phase is a fan delta; For any initial depositional phase, when the reflection configuration of the initial depositional phase is a third preset reflection configuration, determining that the seismic phase corresponding to the initial depositional phase is an alluvial plain; For any initial depositional phase, when the reflection configuration of the initial depositional phase is a fourth preset reflection configuration, it is determined that the seismic phase corresponding to the initial deposition is a lake phase.

5. The method for determining gravel distribution range based on seismic phases and seismic attributes according to claim 4, characterized in that: The corresponding sedimentary subfacies determined based on each seismic phase and reflection characteristics include: For any sequence, when the seismic phase of the sequence is the alluvial fan and the reflection feature is the first preset reflection feature, determining that the sedimentary subphase of the sequence is the fan root subphase; For any sequence, when the seismic phase of the sequence is the alluvial fan and the reflection feature is the second preset reflection feature, determining that the sedimentary subphase of the sequence is the fan middle subphase; For any sequence, when the seismic phase of the sequence is the alluvial fan and the reflection feature is the third preset reflection feature, it is determined that the sedimentary subphase of the sequence is the fan edge subphase.

6. The method for determining gravel distribution range based on seismic phases and seismic attributes according to claim 4, characterized in that: The corresponding sedimentary subfacies determined based on each seismic phase and reflection characteristics include: For any sequence, when the seismic phase of the sequence is the fan delta and the reflection feature is the first preset reflection feature, determining that the sedimentary subphase of the sequence is the fan delta subphase; For any sequence, when the seismic phase of the sequence is the fan delta and the reflection feature is the fourth preset reflection feature, determining that the sedimentary subphase of the sequence is the fan delta front subphase; For any sequence, when the seismic phase of the sequence is the fan delta and the reflection feature is the fifth preset reflection feature, it is determined that the sedimentary subphase of the sequence is the pre-fan delta subphase.

7. The method for determining gravel distribution range based on seismic phases and seismic attributes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of drawing a seismic attribute map of each sequence according to the seismic data comprises: For any sequence, determining a root mean square amplitude attribute of the sequence based on seismic data of the sequence; For any sequence, different value ranges are divided according to the value of each root mean square amplitude attribute of the sequence, wherein the value range includes a strip-shaped low value area, a strip-shaped high value area, a strip-shaped medium-high value area and a messy low value area; For any sequence, the seismic attribute map is drawn according to the value range.

8. A processor, characterized in that: The method is configured to execute the method for determining gravel distribution range based on seismic phases and seismic attributes according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. A device for determining gravel distribution range based on seismic phases and seismic attributes, characterized in that: The apparatus comprises a processor according to claim 8.

10. A machine-readable storage medium having instructions stored thereon, characterized in that: When the instruction is executed by a processor, the processor is configured to perform the method for determining gravel distribution range based on seismic phases and seismic attributes according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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