Oil and gas exploration method based on hyperspectral remote sensing and electromagnetic detection

Abstract

The invention discloses an oil and gas exploration method based on hyperspectral remote sensing and electromagnetic detection, and the key points of the technical scheme are that the method comprises the following six steps: S1, an exploration preparation stage; s2, an equipment selection and planning stage; s3, a data acquisition stage: performing hyperspectral remote sensing data acquisition by using an unmanned aerial vehicle, and performing electromagnetic data acquisition by using electromagnetic detection equipment to ensure data quality and integrity; s4, a data processing stage: processing the hyperspectral and electromagnetic data, including atmospheric correction, geometric correction, data filtering, signal inversion and the like, so as to extract related feature information; s5, a data analysis and integration stage; s6, a result verification and evaluation stage; according to the method, the accuracy and efficiency of oil and gas exploration are successfully improved through the combination of the hyperspectral remote sensing technology and the electromagnetic detection technology, the unique advantages of the method are shown under the complex geological conditions, the innovativeness and the application effect of the method are verified, and a new solution is provided for oil and gas resource exploration.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of oil and gas exploration, and in particular to an oil and gas exploration method based on hyperspectral remote sensing and electromagnetic detection. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid economic development, the contradiction between my country's energy demand and supply has become increasingly prominent, and the shortage of oil and gas resources has become one of the main bottlenecks restricting the development of the domestic economy. In the face of this challenge, the innovation and improvement of oil and gas exploration technology is particularly urgent.

[0003] Traditional methods usually rely on ground drilling and limited geological surveys, and it is difficult to obtain accurate geological information in concealed oil and gas reservoirs and complex burial conditions. Hyperspectral remote sensing and electromagnetic detection, as emerging technologies, have the ability to collect multi-spectral information and identify electromagnetic features, but have not yet been effectively combined and applied in oil and gas exploration. To solve the above problems, we propose an oil and gas exploration method based on hyperspectral remote sensing and electromagnetic detection. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides an oil and gas exploration method based on hyperspectral remote sensing and electromagnetic detection to solve the problems raised in the background technology.

[0005] The above technical objectives of the present invention are achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A method for oil and gas exploration based on hyperspectral remote sensing and electromagnetic detection, the method comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1. Exploration preparation stage, including collecting basic information such as geology, topography and climate of the exploration area, obtaining relevant geological survey reports, remote sensing images, map data and meteorological data, and providing data support for subsequent exploration;

[0008] S2, equipment selection and planning stage, including selecting appropriate hyperspectral remote sensing equipment and electromagnetic detection equipment, and formulating a detailed data collection plan, including flight path planning, sampling point setting and equipment calibration;

[0009] S3, data collection phase, using drones to collect hyperspectral remote sensing data and electromagnetic detection equipment to collect electromagnetic data to ensure data quality and integrity;

[0010] S4, data processing stage, processing the hyperspectral and electromagnetic data, including atmospheric correction, geometric correction, data filtering, signal inversion, etc., to extract relevant feature information;

[0011] S5, data analysis and integration stage, using remote sensing image processing software and GIS software to integrate and analyze data to generate potential oil and gas resource distribution maps and exploration reports;

[0012] S6. Result verification and evaluation stage: verify the exploration results through field exploration or drilling, evaluate the accuracy of the method, and summarize and optimize the exploration work.

[0013] Furthermore, in S1, the exploration preparation stage includes:

[0014] Formulate exploration plans, divide exploration areas and set sampling points;

[0015] Plan the process arrangements for data collection and processing, including the allocation of personnel and equipment.

[0016] Furthermore, in S2, the selected hyperspectral remote sensing equipment includes a hyperspectral imager, the electromagnetic detection equipment includes a geoelectric instrument and a geomagnetic instrument, and the unmanned aerial vehicle equipment is used for data collection flight.

[0017] Furthermore, in S3, the collection of hyperspectral remote sensing data includes: flight path planning of the UAV, setting of the imaging equipment and data recording; the collection of electromagnetic detection data includes: arrangement of the electromagnetic detection equipment and data collection.

[0018] Furthermore, the data processing stage in S4 includes:

[0019] Atmospheric correction, geometric correction and data filtering of hyperspectral data;

[0020] Signal processing and inversion analysis of electromagnetic data.

[0021] Furthermore, in S5, the data analysis and integration stage includes:

[0022] Remote sensing image processing software extracts and classifies surface features;

[0023] Hyperspectral data and electromagnetic data are comprehensively analyzed using GIS software to generate a potential oil and gas resource distribution map.

[0024] Furthermore, in S6, the verification and evaluation include:

[0025] On-site geological exploration or drilling verification;

[0026] Assess the accuracy of survey results and optimize survey methods based on the results.

[0027] Furthermore, the geological, topographic and climate data collected in S1 are obtained through geological survey reports, remote sensing images and map data, and these data are used to formulate exploration plans and sampling programs.

[0028] In summary, the present invention mainly has the following beneficial effects:

[0029] 1. Hyperspectral remote sensing technology can capture surface feature information with high resolution, thereby quickly screening out potential oil and gas exploration areas. It can provide rich geological, mineral and vegetation information, and provide basic data support for subsequent electromagnetic detection. By using electromagnetic detection technology to explore underground geological structure characteristics and accurately identify potential structural belts for oil and gas storage, the accuracy and reliability of oil and gas exploration can be significantly improved.

[0030] 2. Through the comprehensive application of hyperspectral remote sensing and electromagnetic detection, more promising exploration areas can be screened out in the early stages, reducing the number of blind drillings and thus reducing the overall exploration cost. At the same time, effective data integration and analysis help optimize the allocation of exploration resources, improve the efficiency of equipment and personnel, and further reduce exploration costs.

[0031] 3. This method can adapt to concealed oil and gas reservoirs and complex geological conditions. It obtains ground information through hyperspectral remote sensing technology and detects underground structural characteristics through electromagnetic detection. It effectively addresses the limitations of traditional exploration methods under complex geological conditions. By innovatively combining hyperspectral remote sensing and electromagnetic detection technology, it provides strong decision-making support for oil and gas exploration and significantly improves exploration efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 What is presented is a flowchart diagram of the method of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the described embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but they cannot be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. The conditions in the examples can be further adjusted according to specific conditions. Simple improvements to the method of the present invention under the premise of the concept of the present invention belong to the scope of protection claimed in the present invention.

[0035] Example 1: Oil and gas exploration based on hyperspectral remote sensing and electromagnetic detection

[0036] Background: In a certain exploration area, the goal is to use hyperspectral remote sensing and electromagnetic detection technology to explore oil and gas resources, aiming to improve the accuracy and efficiency of oil and gas exploration.

[0037] Step 1: Survey preparation stage

[0038] Data Collection:

[0039] Geological data: Collect geological survey reports in the area, including geological data such as stratum lithology, fault zone structure distribution, etc.;

[0040] Topographic data: obtain high-precision topographic maps and mark the main geological structures and topographic features;

[0041] Climate data: collect meteorological data, such as precipitation, temperature, humidity, etc., and assess their possible impact on data collection and analysis;

[0042] Remote sensing images: obtain existing remote sensing images of the region and analyze previous data and existing results;

[0043] Exploration plan formulation:

[0044] Regional division: divide the exploration area according to geological data and topographic maps, and determine the key exploration area and secondary exploration area;

[0045] Sampling point setting: determine the location of key sampling points to ensure coverage of potential distribution areas of oil and gas reservoirs;

[0046] Process arrangement: Develop specific processes for data collection, processing and analysis, including personnel arrangements, equipment configuration and time planning.

[0047] Step 2: Equipment selection and planning stage

[0048] Equipment selection:

[0049] Hyperspectral imager: Choose a hyperspectral imager with high resolution and wide spectrum coverage, such as a model that can capture spectral information from visible light to near infrared;

[0050] Electromagnetic detection equipment: Select geoelectric instruments and geomagnetic instruments with high sensitivity and high resolution detection capabilities to detect underground electromagnetic characteristics;

[0051] Drone: Choose a drone with stable flight performance and sufficient load capacity to ensure that it can carry a hyperspectral imager to complete data collection;

[0052] Data collection plan:

[0053] Flight path planning: Set the flight path of the drone to ensure coverage of the entire survey area, including key and secondary areas;

[0054] Equipment calibration: Calibrate hyperspectral imagers and electromagnetic detection equipment to ensure data accuracy and consistency.

[0055] Step 3: Data collection phase

[0056] Hyperspectral remote sensing data collection:

[0057] Drone flight: According to the planned flight path, the drone flight mission was carried out to collect hyperspectral data. The flight altitude was set to 500 meters and the flight speed was 10 meters / second to ensure the high resolution and integrity of the data.

[0058] Data recording: real-time recording of hyperspectral data and monitoring of abnormal conditions during data collection, such as equipment failure or environmental disturbances;

[0059] Electromagnetic detection data collection:

[0060] Equipment layout: Arrange geoelectric instruments and geomagnetic instruments at the selected sampling points, and set the working parameters of electromagnetic detection equipment;

[0061] Data acquisition: Collect underground electromagnetic data, including frequency scanning and amplitude measurement, and record the intensity and changes of electromagnetic data.

[0062] Step 4: Data processing phase

[0063] Hyperspectral data processing:

[0064] Atmospheric correction: Apply atmospheric correction algorithms, such as the FLAASH algorithm, to eliminate the impact of atmospheric effects on data;

[0065] Geometric correction: Use ground control points to perform geometric correction to ensure the spatial accuracy of remote sensing images;

[0066] Data filtering: Use wavelet transform and other methods to filter data and remove noise and interference signals;

[0067] Electromagnetic data processing:

[0068] Signal processing: Signal processing of electromagnetic data, including removal of background noise and correction of equipment drift;

[0069] Inversion analysis: Apply electromagnetic inversion algorithms to obtain depth information of underground electromagnetic characteristics and identify potential oil and gas reservoirs.

[0070] Step 5: Data analysis and integration phase

[0071] Data Fusion:

[0072] Image processing: Use remote sensing image processing software to extract features from hyperspectral data, such as vegetation index, mineral index, etc.;

[0073] GIS analysis: GIS software is used to comprehensively analyze hyperspectral data and electromagnetic data, combined with geological and topographic data, to map out the possible distribution areas of potential oil and gas resources;

[0074] Survey report generation:

[0075] Report preparation: Prepare a detailed exploration report based on the data analysis results, including oil and gas resource distribution maps, data analysis results and exploration recommendations

[0076] Step 6: Result verification and evaluation phase

[0077] Field verification:

[0078] Drilling operations: Drilling operations are carried out in key areas indicated by the exploration results, and borehole samples are collected for systematic testing and analysis to obtain information on underground strata lithology, oil and gas indications, etc., to verify the oil and gas exploration method;

[0079] Data comparison: Compare drilling results with prediction results to evaluate the accuracy and reliability of the oil and gas exploration method;

[0080] Optimization suggestions:

[0081] Method optimization: Adjust and optimize exploration methods based on field verification results, including equipment configuration, data acquisition scheme and data processing algorithm;

[0082] Experience summary: Summarize the experiences and lessons learned during the exploration process to provide reference for future oil and gas exploration work.

[0083] Application Examples

[0084] When the exploration method of the present invention is implemented in a certain exploration area, remarkable results are achieved through the following steps:

[0085] Exploration preparation: Through the collected geological, topographic and climate data, the potential oil and gas resource distribution in the area was clarified, a detailed exploration plan was formulated, and key sampling points were set;

[0086] Equipment selection and planning: We selected a hyperspectral imager, geoelectric instrument, geomagnetic instrument, and drone to ensure that the equipment met the data collection requirements;

[0087] Data collection: The drone successfully collected hyperspectral data along the predetermined path, while the electromagnetic detection equipment completed electromagnetic data collection at multiple points;

[0088] Data processing and analysis: The hyperspectral and electromagnetic data were fused to generate a distribution map of potential oil and gas resources;

[0089] Verification and evaluation: Drilling operations were carried out in the key areas of the forecast, and the field results verified the accuracy of the forecast and further confirmed the effectiveness and innovation of the method.

[0090] Summary: This example successfully improved the accuracy and efficiency of oil and gas exploration by combining hyperspectral remote sensing and electromagnetic detection technology. This method demonstrated its unique advantages under complex geological conditions, verified its innovation and application effect, and provided a new solution for oil and gas resource exploration.

[0091] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it is understandable to those skilled in the art that, unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used in the present invention shall have the usual meanings understood by persons with ordinary skills in the field to which the present invention belongs. The words "including" or "comprising" and the like used in the present invention mean that the elements or objects appearing before the word include the elements or objects listed after the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. The words "connect" or "connected" and the like are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may also include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "Up", "down", "left", "right", etc. are only used to indicate relative position relationships. When the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative position relationship may also change accordingly.

[0092] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for oil and gas exploration based on hyperspectral remote sensing and electromagnetic detection, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: S1. Exploration preparation stage, including collecting basic information such as geology, topography and climate of the exploration area, obtaining relevant geological survey reports, remote sensing images, map data and meteorological data, and providing data support for subsequent exploration; S2, equipment selection and planning stage, including selecting appropriate hyperspectral remote sensing equipment and electromagnetic detection equipment, and formulating a detailed data collection plan, including flight path planning, sampling point setting and equipment calibration; S3, data collection phase, using drones to collect hyperspectral remote sensing data and electromagnetic detection equipment to collect electromagnetic data to ensure data quality and integrity; S4, data processing stage, processing the hyperspectral and electromagnetic data, including atmospheric correction, geometric correction, data filtering, signal inversion, etc., to extract relevant feature information; S5, data analysis and integration stage, using remote sensing image processing software and GIS software to integrate and analyze data, understand the geological characteristics and potential oil and gas resource distribution in the exploration area, and generate potential oil and gas resource distribution maps and exploration reports; S6. Result verification and evaluation stage: verify the exploration results through field exploration or drilling, evaluate the accuracy of the method, and summarize and optimize the exploration work.

2. The method for oil and gas exploration based on hyperspectral remote sensing and electromagnetic detection according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S1, the survey preparation stage includes: Formulate exploration plans, divide exploration areas and set sampling points; Plan the process arrangements for data collection and processing, including the allocation of personnel and equipment.

3. The method for oil and gas exploration based on hyperspectral remote sensing and electromagnetic detection according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The geological, topographic and climate data collected in S1 are obtained through geological survey reports, remote sensing images and map data, and these data are used to formulate exploration plans and sampling plans.

4. The method for oil and gas exploration based on hyperspectral remote sensing and electromagnetic detection according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S2, the selected hyperspectral remote sensing equipment includes a hyperspectral imager, the electromagnetic detection equipment includes a geoelectric instrument and a geomagnetic instrument, and the unmanned aerial vehicle equipment is used for data collection flight.

5. The method for oil and gas exploration based on hyperspectral remote sensing and electromagnetic detection according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S3, the collection of hyperspectral remote sensing data includes: flight path planning of the UAV, setting of imaging equipment and data recording; the collection of electromagnetic detection data includes: arrangement of electromagnetic detection equipment and data collection.

6. The method for oil and gas exploration based on hyperspectral remote sensing and electromagnetic detection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The data processing stage in S4 includes: Atmospheric correction, geometric correction and data filtering of hyperspectral data; Signal processing and inversion analysis of electromagnetic data.

7. The method for oil and gas exploration based on hyperspectral remote sensing and electromagnetic detection according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S5, the data analysis and integration phase includes: Remote sensing image processing software extracts and classifies surface features; Hyperspectral data and electromagnetic data are comprehensively analyzed using GIS software to generate a potential oil and gas resource distribution map.

8. The method for oil and gas exploration based on hyperspectral remote sensing and electromagnetic detection according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S6, verification and evaluation include: On-site geological exploration or drilling verification; Assess the accuracy of survey results and optimize survey methods based on the results.

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