High-power dynamic lead-acid storage battery and manufacturing method thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of power type lead-acid storage batteries, and particularly relates to a high-power power type lead-acid storage battery and a manufacturing method thereof. The high-power power type lead-acid storage battery comprises a positive electrode group composed of n positive unformed plates, a negative electrode group composed of n + 1 negative unformed plates, a positive pole and a negative pole, the positive unformed plates and the negative unformed plates are vertically and alternately arranged, the negative unformed plates are arranged on the outermost side, and n is larger than or equal to 2. The invention can improve the utilization rate of active substances, improve the specific energy, avoid lead velvet short circuit, effectively reduce the manufacturing cost and ensure the battery performance. The invention also provides a manufacturing method thereof.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of power type lead-acid batteries, and in particular relates to a high-power power type lead-acid battery and a manufacturing method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Lead-acid batteries have the advantages of mature manufacturing technology, good low-temperature performance, and high safety, but have the disadvantage of low specific energy.

[0003] The utilization rate of the plates at different positions inside the lead-acid battery varies greatly. The utilization rate of the plates in the middle is the highest, and the utilization rate gradually decreases from the middle to the sides. Usually, tubular lead-acid batteries use single plate ears, consistent positive plate design, and consistent negative plate design; this design leads to excessive excess active material on the plates on both sides and near the two sides, and low specific energy.

[0004] In addition, lead-acid batteries also have the problem that the lead fuzz generated during the charging process is easy to accumulate at the bottom of the positive plate ear, causing a short circuit and premature end of life. Therefore, there is still room for improvement in high-rate discharge time. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a high-power dynamic lead-acid battery, which can improve the utilization rate of active materials, improve specific energy, avoid lead wool short circuit, effectively reduce manufacturing costs and ensure battery performance. The present invention also provides a manufacturing method thereof.

[0006] The high-power dynamic lead-acid battery of the present invention comprises a positive electrode group consisting of n positive electrode plates, a negative electrode group consisting of n+1 negative electrode plates, a positive electrode column and a negative electrode column, wherein the positive electrode plates and the negative electrode plates are vertically alternately arranged, the outermost being the negative electrode plate, and n≥2; The positive plate includes a positive grid, which is die-casted with a low-antimony five-element alloy. The positive grid is a tube-type structure, and a tube is sleeved on the outside of the positive grid, and the tube is filled with positive lead paste; a positive plate ear 1 and a positive plate ear 2 are arranged on the positive grid, and the positive plate ear 1 and the positive plate ear 2 are both arranged on the same side of the center line of the positive grid, the positive plate ear 1 is close to the center line, and the positive plate ear 2 is far from the center line; the positive grid includes a thick positive grid, a medium positive grid and a thin positive grid, and the thickness of the thick positive grid is 6-7mm; the thickness of the medium positive grid is 5-6mm; the thickness of the thin positive grid is 4-5mm; the thickness of the thick positive grid is greater than the thickness of the medium positive grid and the thickness of the thin positive grid; the inner diameter of the tube is equal to the difference between the thickness of the thick positive grid, the medium positive grid and the thin positive grid; The negative raw plate includes a negative grid, which is gravity casted with lead-antimony alloy. The negative grid is a plate structure, and is provided with a negative plate ear 1 and a negative plate ear 2. The negative plate ear 1 and the negative plate ear 2 are both arranged on the same side of the center line of the negative grid, the negative plate ear 1 is close to the center line, and the negative plate ear 2 is far from the center line. The negative grid is coated with negative lead paste on the outside; the negative grid includes a thick negative grid, a medium negative grid and a thin negative grid; the thickness of the thick negative grid is 3.5-4.5mm; the thickness of the medium negative grid is 2.5-3.5mm; the thickness of the thin negative grid is 2.0-2.5mm; the thickness of the thick negative grid is greater than the thickness of the medium negative grid and the thickness of the thin negative grid; the thickness of the negative raw plate is equal to the difference between the thickness of the thick negative grid, the medium negative grid and the thin negative grid; The positive plates in the positive electrode group are arranged according to the thickness of the positive grid, with the thick positive grid in the middle, medium positive grids on both sides of the thick positive grid, and thin positive grids on the outside of the medium positive grid; the positive pole column is located between the positive plate ear one and the positive plate ear two; the positive plates are equipped with partitions.

[0007] The negative plates in the negative electrode group are arranged according to the thickness of the negative grid, with the thick negative grid in the middle, the medium negative grids on both sides of the thick negative grid, and the thin negative grid outside the medium negative grid; the negative pole is arranged between the first negative plate ear and the second negative plate ear; Preferably, the width of the positive plate ear 1 and the negative plate ear 1 is 15 mm, and the width of the positive plate ear 2 and the negative plate ear 2 is 10 mm.

[0008] Preferably, a frame is provided on the outer side of the negative grid, and the thickness of the negative grid is 105%-161% of the thickness of the frame.

[0009] Preferably, the thickness of the negative electrode plate is 106%-115% of the thickness of the negative grid.

[0010] Preferably, the separator is semi-enclosed, and the separator is opened at the bottom of the positive electrode plate and at the corresponding positions of the positive electrode plate ear 1 and the positive electrode plate ear 2.

[0011] The method for manufacturing a high-power dynamic lead-acid battery of the present invention comprises the following steps: (1) Preparation of positive electrode plates: using a wet filling method, a pressure pump is used to fill the positive electrode lead paste into the positive plate grid pipe until it is full, and after curing and drying, a positive electrode plate is obtained; after drying, a separator is mounted on the positive electrode plate, and the separator is semi-enclosed, with openings at the bottom and the positive plate ears 1 and 2; (2) Preparation of negative electrode plate: Apply negative lead paste to the negative grid by paste coating, and then solidify and dry to obtain negative electrode plate; (3) Preparing the positive electrode group and the negative electrode group: The positive electrode group and the negative electrode group are combined according to the rule of alternating the positive electrode plates and the negative electrode plates, and then welded with lead-antimony alloy; the positive electrode column is arranged between the positive electrode plate ear 1 and the positive electrode plate ear 2, and the negative electrode column is arranged between the negative electrode plate ear 1 and the negative electrode plate ear 2; (4) Preparation of a power lead-acid battery: The positive electrode group and the negative electrode group are placed in the slot, the battery shell cover is sealed by hot melt, the sealing ring is pressed in, the liquid filling cap is covered, and the battery is charged by acid circulation formation to obtain a power lead-acid battery.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The lead consumption is lower, which effectively reduces the weight of the battery; the amount of active substances is reasonably designed according to the different utilization rates; the specific energy is improved, the vehicle load is reduced, and the vehicle operation time is increased; the cost is reduced and the product competitiveness is enhanced. While reducing the weight, the battery performance is guaranteed, and the initial capacity is not lower than that of conventional batteries; 2. Double plate ears for positive and negative electrodes, with the positive and negative poles located in the middle of their respective double plate ears, and the negative electrode lead paste wrapping the lead ribs. These designs make the plate conduction more evenly, the battery formation charging temperature rise is low, the internal resistance is small, and the utilization rate of the active substances at the far end of the single plate ear is improved, and the high-rate discharge performance of the battery is improved. The conventional design is a single plate ear, which bears the discharge current of all active substances; the present invention is a double plate ear, the plate ear close to the center line bears 2 / 3 of the discharge current of the active substances, and the plate ear away from the center line bears 1 / 3 of the discharge current of the active substances. The single plate ear design leads to low utilization of active substances at the far end on both sides, and the double plate ear design effectively improves the utilization rate of active substances at the far end, which is one of the reasons for improving specific energy; different from the prior art, the thickness of the negative grid of the present invention is greater than the thickness of the frame, which increases the contact area between the negative electrode active substance and sulfuric acid, and helps to improve the high-rate discharge performance.

[0013] 3. In the prior art, the separator generally wraps the negative electrode plate, which has the disadvantage of easily causing lead wool short circuit (during the charge and discharge process, the lead wool generated will accumulate near the positive plate ear, and will cause a short circuit after accumulating to a certain extent). The present invention wraps the positive plate ear and the upper part as much as possible, preventing the occurrence of lead wool short circuit and greatly reducing the risk of short circuit. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the positive grid structure; Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the negative grid structure; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the left view of the negative grid structure; Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the negative electrode plate; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the negative electrode group; In the figure, 1. positive plate ear one; 2. positive plate ear two; 3. row tube; 4. frame; 5. negative plate ear one; 6. negative plate ear two; 7. negative pole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0016] Unless otherwise specified, all raw materials used in the examples are commercially available.

[0017] Example 1 The manufacturing method of the high-power power lead-acid battery (battery model 8DB440) comprises the following steps: (1) Preparation of positive electrode plates: Using a wet filling method, a pressure pump is used to fill the positive electrode lead paste into the positive grid pipe until it is full. After curing and drying, a positive electrode plate is obtained; The positive grid is made of low antimony five-element alloy die-casting, such as Figure 1 As shown, the positive plate grid is provided with a positive plate ear 1 and a positive plate ear 2, the width of the positive plate ear 2 is 10mm, and the width of the positive plate ear 1 is 15mm; the positive plate ear 1 and the positive plate ear 2 are both arranged on the same side of the center line of the positive plate grid, the positive plate ear 1 is close to the center line, and the positive plate ear 2 is far from the center line; the positive plate grid includes 4 thick positive plate grids with a thickness of 6.0mm (the inner diameter of the obtained positive plate tube is 8.0mm), 2 medium positive plate grids with a thickness of 5.0mm (the inner diameter of the obtained positive plate tube is 7.0mm), and 2 thin positive plate grids with a thickness of 4.0mm (the inner diameter of the obtained positive plate tube is 6.0mm); After drying, the positive plate is equipped with a separator, which is semi-enclosed, with openings at the bottom and the first and second positive plate ears, and the separator surrounds the first and second positive plate ears; (2) Preparation of negative electrode plate: Apply negative lead paste to the negative grid by a paste coating method, and then cure and dry to obtain a negative electrode plate; The negative grid is made of lead-antimony alloy gravity casting, such as Figure 2 , Figure 4 As shown, the negative grid is a plate structure, and the negative grid is provided with negative plate ears 1 and 2, the width of the negative plate ears 2 is 10mm, and the width of the negative plate ears 1 is 15mm. The negative plate ears 1 and 2 are both arranged on the same side of the center line of the negative grid, the negative plate ears 1 are close to the center line, and the negative plate ears 2 are far from the center line. The negative grid is coated with negative lead paste on the outside; the negative grid includes 3 thick negative grids with a thickness of 3.5mm (the thickness of the resulting negative raw plate is 3.8mm), 4 medium negative grids with a thickness of 2.5mm (the thickness of the resulting negative raw plate is 2.8mm), and 2 thin negative grids with a thickness of 2.0mm (the thickness of the resulting negative raw plate is 2.3mm); like Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, a frame is provided on the outside of the negative grid. The thickness of the thick negative grid frame is 3.2 mm, the thickness of the medium negative grid frame is 2.3 mm, and the thickness of the thin negative grid frame is 1.9 mm.

[0018] (3) Preparation of positive electrode group and negative electrode group: The positive electrode group and the negative electrode group are combined according to the rule of alternating the positive electrode plates and the negative electrode plates, and then welded firmly with lead-antimony alloy; the positive electrode column is set between the positive electrode plate ear 1 and the positive electrode plate ear 2, such as Figure 5 As shown, the negative pole is arranged between the negative plate ear 1 and the negative plate ear 2; The specific arrangement of the positive plates is as follows: 4 positive plates made of thick positive grids are in the middle, and on both sides from the inside to the outside are 1 positive plate made of medium positive grids and 1 positive plate made of thin positive grids; The specific arrangement of the negative electrode plates is as follows: the negative electrode plates made of 3 thick negative grids are in the middle, and the two sides are made of 2 medium negative grids and 1 thin negative grid respectively from the inside to the outside. (4) Preparation of a power lead-acid battery: The positive electrode group and the negative electrode group are placed in the slot, the battery shell cover is sealed by hot melt, the sealing ring is pressed in, the liquid filling cap is covered, and the battery is charged by acid circulation formation to obtain a power lead-acid battery.

[0019] After testing, the power lead-acid battery prepared in Example 1 weighs 25.31 kg, the maximum initial capacity of the battery is 105.5%, the high rate discharge performance is 36.5 min, the cycle endurance is ≥ 1200 times, and the termination reason is the shedding of the positive electrode active material. The battery performance meets the national standard requirements.

[0020] Example 2 The manufacturing method of the high-power power lead-acid battery (battery model 8DB440) comprises the following steps: (1) Preparation of positive electrode plates: Using a wet filling method, a pressure pump is used to fill the positive electrode lead paste into the positive grid pipe until it is full. After curing and drying, a positive electrode plate is obtained; The positive grid is made of low antimony five-element alloy die-casting, such as Figure 1 As shown, the positive plate grid is provided with a positive plate ear 1 and a positive plate ear 2, the width of the positive plate ear 2 is 10mm, and the width of the positive plate ear 1 is 15mm; the positive plate ear 1 and the positive plate ear 2 are both arranged on the same side of the center line of the positive plate grid, the positive plate ear 1 is close to the center line, and the positive plate ear 2 is far from the center line; the positive plate grid includes 4 thick positive plate grids with a thickness of 7.0mm (the inner diameter of the obtained positive plate tube is 9.0mm), 2 medium positive plate grids with a thickness of 6.0mm (the inner diameter of the obtained positive plate tube is 8.0mm), and 2 thin positive plate grids with a thickness of 5.0mm (the inner diameter of the obtained positive plate tube is 7.0mm); After drying, the positive plate is equipped with a separator, which is semi-enclosed, with openings at the bottom and the first and second positive plate ears, and the separator surrounds the first and second positive plate ears; (2) Preparation of negative electrode plate: Apply negative lead paste to the negative grid by a paste coating method, and then cure and dry to obtain a negative electrode plate; The negative grid is made of lead-antimony alloy gravity casting, such as Figure 2 , Figure 4 As shown, the negative grid is a plate structure, and a negative plate ear 1 and a negative plate ear 2 are provided on the negative grid, the width of the negative plate ear 2 is 10mm, the width of the negative plate ear 1 is 15mm, the negative plate ear 1 and the negative plate ear 2 are both arranged on the same side of the center line of the negative grid, the negative plate ear 1 is close to the center line, and the negative plate ear 2 is far from the center line, and the negative grid is coated with negative lead paste on the outside; the negative grid includes 3 thick negative grids with a thickness of 4.5mm (the thickness of the obtained negative green plate is 4.8mm), 4 medium negative grids with a thickness of 3.5mm (the thickness of the obtained negative green plate is 3.8mm), and 2 thin negative grids with a thickness of 2.5mm (the thickness of the obtained negative green plate is 2.8mm); like Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, a frame is provided on the outside of the negative grid. The thickness of the thick negative grid frame is 2.8 mm, the thickness of the medium negative grid frame is 2.2 mm, and the thickness of the thin negative grid frame is 1.6 mm.

[0021] (3) Preparation of positive electrode group and negative electrode group: The positive electrode group and the negative electrode group are combined according to the rule of alternating the positive electrode plates and the negative electrode plates, and then welded firmly with lead-antimony alloy; the positive electrode column is set between the positive electrode plate ear 1 and the positive electrode plate ear 2, such as Figure 5 As shown, the negative pole is arranged between the negative plate ear 1 and the negative plate ear 2; The specific arrangement of the positive plates is as follows: 4 positive plates made of thick positive grids are in the middle, and on both sides from the inside to the outside are 1 positive plate made of medium positive grids and 1 positive plate made of thin positive grids; The specific arrangement of the negative electrode plates is as follows: the negative electrode plates made of 3 thick negative grids are in the middle, and the two sides are made of 2 medium negative grids and 1 thin negative grid respectively from the inside to the outside. (4) Preparation of a power lead-acid battery: The positive electrode group and the negative electrode group are placed in the slot, the battery shell cover is sealed by hot melt, the sealing ring is pressed in, the liquid filling cap is covered, and the battery is charged by acid circulation formation to obtain a power lead-acid battery.

[0022] After testing, the power lead-acid battery prepared in Example 2 weighs 25.78 kg, the maximum initial capacity of the battery is 107.5%, the high rate discharge performance is 38 min, the cycle endurance is ≥ 1350 times, and the termination reason is the shedding of the positive electrode active material. The battery performance meets the national standard requirements.

[0023] Comparative Example 1 The manufacturing method of the lead-acid battery (battery model 8DB440) described in this comparative example 1 comprises the following steps: (1) Preparation of positive electrode plates: Using a wet filling method, a pressure pump is used to fill the positive electrode lead paste into the positive grid pipe until it is full. After curing and drying, a positive electrode plate is obtained; The positive grid is made of low antimony five-element alloy die-casting, single plate ear design, plate ear width is 25mm; the positive grid is 8 pieces, thickness is 7.0mm (the thickness of the obtained positive plate is 9.0mm); (2) Preparation of negative electrode plate: Apply negative lead paste to the negative grid by applying paste, then place it horizontally for curing and drying to obtain negative electrode plate; The negative grid is made of gravity-cast lead-antimony alloy with a single plate ear design and a plate ear width of 25mm; the negative grid consists of 9 pieces with a thickness of 4.5mm (the thickness of the resulting negative electrode plate is 4.8mm); a frame is provided on the outside of the negative grid with a thickness of 4.5mm.

[0024] After drying, the negative electrode plate is mounted with a separator, which is semi-enclosed and completely open at the top; (3) Preparing the positive electrode group and the negative electrode group: The positive electrode group and the negative electrode group are combined according to the rule of alternating the positive electrode plates and the negative electrode plates, and then welded firmly with lead-antimony alloy; the positive electrode column is arranged above the positive electrode plate ear, and the negative electrode column is arranged above the negative electrode plate ear; (4) Preparation of a power lead-acid battery: The positive electrode group and the negative electrode group are placed in the slot, the battery shell cover is sealed by hot melt, the sealing ring is pressed in, the liquid filling cap is covered, and the battery is charged by acid circulation formation to obtain a power lead-acid battery.

[0025] After testing, the power lead-acid battery prepared in this comparative example 1 weighs 26.3kg, the maximum initial capacity of the battery is 105%, the high rate discharge performance is 33min, the cycle endurance is ≥1050 times, and the battery performance meets the national standard requirements. However, compared with the embodiment, the initial capacity of the battery in this comparative example 1 is equivalent (high weight, low specific energy), the high rate discharge time and cycle endurance are poor, and the termination reason is short circuit caused by lead wool accumulation.

Claims

1. A high-power lead-acid battery, characterized in that: It includes a positive electrode group consisting of n positive electrode plates, a negative electrode group consisting of n+1 negative electrode plates, a positive electrode column and a negative electrode column, the positive electrode plates and the negative electrode plates are vertically alternately arranged, the outermost one is the negative electrode plate, and n≥2; The positive plate includes a positive grid, which is die-casted with a low-antimony five-element alloy. The positive grid is a tube-type structure, and a tube is sleeved on the outside of the positive grid, and the tube is filled with positive lead paste; a positive plate ear 1 and a positive plate ear 2 are arranged on the positive grid, and the positive plate ear 1 and the positive plate ear 2 are both arranged on the same side of the center line of the positive grid, the positive plate ear 1 is close to the center line, and the positive plate ear 2 is far from the center line; the positive grid includes a thick positive grid, a medium positive grid and a thin positive grid, and the thickness of the thick positive grid is 6-7mm; the thickness of the medium positive grid is 5-6mm; the thickness of the thin positive grid is 4-5mm; the thickness of the thick positive grid is greater than the thickness of the medium positive grid and the thickness of the thin positive grid; the inner diameter of the tube is equal to the difference between the thickness of the thick positive grid, the medium positive grid and the thin positive grid; The negative raw plate includes a negative grid, which is gravity casted with lead-antimony alloy. The negative grid is a plate structure, and is provided with a negative plate ear 1 and a negative plate ear 2. The negative plate ear 1 and the negative plate ear 2 are both arranged on the same side of the center line of the negative grid, the negative plate ear 1 is close to the center line, and the negative plate ear 2 is far from the center line. The negative grid is coated with negative lead paste on the outside; the negative grid includes a thick negative grid, a medium negative grid and a thin negative grid; the thickness of the thick negative grid is 3.5-4.5mm; the thickness of the medium negative grid is 2.5-3.5mm; the thickness of the thin negative grid is 2.0-2.5mm; the thickness of the thick negative grid is greater than the thickness of the medium negative grid and the thickness of the thin negative grid; the thickness of the negative raw plate is equal to the difference between the thickness of the thick negative grid, the medium negative grid and the thin negative grid; The positive plates in the positive electrode group are arranged according to the thickness of the positive grid, with the thick positive grid in the middle, the medium positive grids on both sides of the thick positive grid, and the thin positive grid outside the medium positive grid; the positive pole is arranged between the first positive plate ear and the second positive plate ear; the positive plates are provided with separators; The negative plates in the negative electrode group are arranged according to the thickness of the negative grid, with the thick negative grid in the middle, medium negative grids on both sides of the thick negative grid, and thin negative grids outside the medium negative grid; the negative pole column is located between the negative plate ear one and the negative plate ear two.

2. The high-power lead-acid battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The width of the positive plate ear 1 and the negative plate ear 1 is 15 mm, and the width of the positive plate ear 2 and the negative plate ear 2 is 10 mm.

3. The high-power lead-acid battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: A frame is provided on the outer side of the negative grid, and the thickness of the negative grid is 105%-161% of the thickness of the frame.

4. The high-power lead-acid battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the negative electrode plate is 106%-115% of the thickness of the negative grid.

5. The high-power lead-acid battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The partition is semi-enclosed, and the partition is opened at the bottom of the positive electrode plate and at the corresponding positions of the positive electrode plate ear 1 and the positive electrode plate ear 2.

6. A method for manufacturing a high-power lead-acid battery according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The steps include: (1) Preparation of positive electrode plates: using a wet filling method, a pressure pump is used to fill the positive electrode lead paste into the positive plate grid pipe until it is full, and after curing and drying, a positive electrode plate is obtained; after drying, a separator is mounted on the positive electrode plate, and the separator is semi-enclosed, with openings at the bottom and the positive plate ears 1 and 2; (2) Preparation of negative electrode plate: Apply negative lead paste to the negative grid by a paste coating method, and then cure and dry to obtain a negative electrode plate; (3) Preparing the positive electrode group and the negative electrode group: The positive electrode group and the negative electrode group are combined according to the rule of alternating the positive electrode plates and the negative electrode plates, and then welded with lead-antimony alloy; the positive electrode column is arranged between the positive electrode plate ear 1 and the positive electrode plate ear 2, and the negative electrode column is arranged between the negative electrode plate ear 1 and the negative electrode plate ear 2; (4) Preparation of a power lead-acid battery: The positive electrode group and the negative electrode group are placed in the slot, the battery shell cover is sealed by hot melt, the sealing ring is pressed in, the liquid filling cap is covered, and the battery is charged by acid circulation formation to obtain a power lead-acid battery.

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