Formation method and system of lithium ion battery, electronic equipment and storage medium

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of lithium ion batteries, and particularly provides a formation method and system of a lithium ion battery, electronic equipment and a storage medium, and the formation method of the lithium ion battery comprises the following steps: executing a charging / discharging task on the lithium ion battery; wherein in the execution process of the charging / discharging task, the lithium ion battery is oscillated at a preset frequency in a first direction, the first direction is a direction perpendicular to a lithium ion battery main body, and the preset frequency is a characteristic frequency of transmission of lithium ions in an electrolyte; and / or in the execution process of the charging / discharging task, the lithium ion battery is moved back and forth in a second direction, and the second direction is the width direction of the lithium ion battery. In this way, the consistency of the formed SEI film can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of lithium ion batteries, and in particular to a formation method, system, electronic equipment and storage medium of lithium ion batteries. Background Art

[0002] At present, formation is an important process in the production process of lithium-ion batteries. In the formation process, by applying current to the lithium-ion battery, the charge / discharge task is performed. The execution of the charge / discharge task can promote the decomposition of the electrolyte on the surface of the negative electrode to form a solid electrolyte interface layer (Solid Electrolyte Interphase, SEI), hereinafter referred to as SEI film. The SEI film can conduct lithium ions and protect the negative electrode, which significantly affects the electrochemical performance of the battery.

[0003] However, the SEI film formed through the formation process may have poor consistency, which may have an adverse effect on the durability and safety of lithium-ion batteries. Moreover, with the demand for higher energy density battery systems, the negative electrode materials of lithium-ion batteries are moving from graphite to higher specific capacity materials, such as silicon carbon, silicon oxygen, pure silicon, metallic lithium, and mixed materials of these materials and graphite. However, the above-mentioned higher specific capacity materials are all characterized by high activity and large volume expansion. Compared with lithium-ion batteries that use graphite as the negative electrode material, the higher energy density lithium-ion batteries required for future development have a greater risk of lithium plating, which further puts forward higher requirements for the consistency of the SEI film.

[0004] Therefore, how to improve the consistency of the SEI film formed by the chemical formation process to enhance the performance of lithium-ion batteries has become a problem that needs to be solved urgently. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides a formation method, system, electronic device and storage medium for a lithium ion battery, which can improve the consistency of the formed SEI film.

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, on the one hand, the present invention provides a formation method of a lithium-ion battery, comprising: performing a charge / discharge task on a lithium-ion battery; wherein during the execution of the charge / discharge task, the lithium-ion battery is oscillated at a preset frequency in a first direction, the first direction is a direction perpendicular to the main body of the lithium-ion battery, and the preset frequency is a characteristic frequency of lithium ion transmission in an electrolyte; and / or during the execution of the charge / discharge task, the lithium-ion battery is reciprocated in a second direction, wherein the second direction is a width direction of the lithium-ion battery.

[0007] During the execution of the charge / discharge task, applying an oscillation at a preset frequency in the first direction to the lithium-ion battery and / or reciprocating the lithium-ion battery in the second direction can effectively improve the consistency of the formed SEI film. On the one hand, by applying an oscillation at a preset frequency in the first direction to the lithium-ion battery, the resonance of the lithium ions transmitted in the electrolyte can be promoted, so that the lithium ions are transported evenly and quickly, thereby promoting the consistency of the electrolyte reaction process occurring on the negative electrode surface, thereby improving the consistency of the formed SEI film. On the other hand, by carrying the lithium-ion battery back and forth in the second direction, the problem of electrolyte vacancies can be effectively improved, and the electrolyte infiltration is promoted to be sufficient, thereby improving the consistency of the formed SEI film. By improving the consistency of the SEI film, various interface problems of the lithium-ion battery caused by the poor consistency of the SEI film can be avoided, thereby improving the performance of the lithium-ion battery. At the same time, it can meet the technical requirements of high-energy-density battery systems, can tolerate more active negative electrode materials, and further provide prerequisites for the development of lithium-ion batteries towards higher energy density and greater charging rates.

[0008] According to some embodiments of the present invention, an air bag is provided on one side of the lithium-ion battery in the width direction, and the air bag is used to store gas generated by the lithium-ion battery during the charge / discharge process.

[0009] According to some embodiments of the present invention, after the charge / discharge task is completed, the gas stored in the gas bag is released and the lithium-ion battery is repackaged.

[0010] According to some embodiments of the present invention, during the execution of a charge / discharge task, the steps of oscillating the lithium-ion battery at a preset frequency in a first direction and reciprocatingly moving the lithium-ion battery in a second direction include: during the execution of a charge / discharge task, oscillating the lithium-ion battery at a preset frequency in a first direction and reciprocatingly moving the lithium-ion battery in a second direction.

[0011] According to some embodiments of the present invention, during the execution of a charge / discharge task, the steps of oscillating the lithium-ion battery at a preset frequency in a first direction and reciprocating the lithium-ion battery in a second direction include: during the execution of the charge / discharge task, alternately oscillating the lithium-ion battery at a preset frequency in the first direction for a first preset time, and reciprocating the lithium-ion battery in the second direction for a second preset time.

[0012] During the execution of the charge / discharge task, the lithium-ion battery is subjected to oscillations at a preset frequency in a first direction, and the lithium-ion battery is reciprocated in a second direction. On the one hand, by applying oscillations at a preset frequency in the first direction to the lithium-ion battery, the resonance of lithium ions transmitted in the electrolyte can be promoted, so that the lithium ions are transported evenly and quickly in the electrolyte, thereby promoting the consistency of the electrolyte reaction process occurring on the negative electrode surface, which has the effect of improving the consistency of the SEI film. On the other hand, by carrying the lithium-ion battery back and forth in the second direction, the problem of electrolyte vacancies can be effectively improved, and the electrolyte infiltration is promoted to be sufficient, which further has the effect of improving the consistency of the SEI film. In this embodiment, the consistency of the SEI film is improved by the synergy of the oscillation and reciprocating operation, which has the effect of superimposing the effects, so that the formed SEI film has better consistency.

[0013] According to some embodiments of the present invention, performing a charge / discharge task on a lithium-ion battery includes: setting charging parameters, wherein the charging parameters include charging current, charging time, temperature, and pressure; and starting to perform the charge / discharge task on the lithium-ion battery.

[0014] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the charging parameters include charging parameters corresponding to each round of charging / discharging operation in the charging / discharging task, and the charging parameters corresponding to each round of charging / discharging operation are different.

[0015] By providing different currents, temperatures and pressures for different stages of the charge / discharge task, the most suitable formation environment can be provided for the process of electrolyte decomposition in each charge / discharge operation, thereby improving the quality of the formed SEI film.

[0016] According to some embodiments of the present invention, performing the charge / discharge task on the lithium-ion battery includes: injecting electrolyte into the lithium-ion battery, and letting it stand for a third preset time, and starting the charge / discharge task on the lithium-ion battery.

[0017] By allowing the electrolyte to stand for the third preset time after injecting the electrolyte, the degree of electrolyte penetration can be increased to a certain extent before the charge / discharge task.

[0018] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a formation system for a lithium-ion battery, comprising:

[0019] The charging / discharging device is connected to the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the lithium-ion battery and is used to charge / discharge the lithium-ion battery to perform the charging / discharging task.

[0020] The vibration applying component is used to clamp the lithium-ion battery and carry the lithium-ion battery to oscillate at a preset frequency in a first direction and / or reciprocate in a second direction during the execution of the charge / discharge task; wherein the first direction is a direction perpendicular to the main body of the lithium-ion battery, the second direction is a width direction of the lithium-ion battery, and the preset frequency is a characteristic frequency of lithium ion transmission in the electrolyte.

[0021] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the vibration applying component comprises:

[0022] Clamp for holding lithium-ion batteries.

[0023] The vibration control unit is connected to the fixture and is used to control the fixture to oscillate or reciprocate.

[0024] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the clamp includes two parallel clamping plates.

[0025] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an electronic device, comprising: a processor; and a memory, wherein computer program instructions are stored in the memory.

[0026] When the computer program instructions are executed by the processor, the processor executes the lithium-ion battery formation method as described in the above technical solution.

[0027] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium, which stores a computer program. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the processor executes the lithium-ion battery formation method as described in the above technical solution. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1a Schematic diagram of lithium precipitation phenomenon;

[0029] Figure 1b Schematic diagram of lithium dendrite;

[0030] Figure 1c A schematic diagram of a lithium-ion battery burnout;

[0031] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a lithium-ion battery adhesive bonding method according to an embodiment;

[0032] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a lithium-ion battery formation system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a lithium-ion battery formation system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a lithium-ion battery formation system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 6a A schematic diagram of a clamp for clamping a lithium-ion battery having a square cross section according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 6b is a schematic diagram of a lithium-ion battery having an elliptical cross section according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 6c A schematic diagram of a lithium-ion battery having a cross section similar to a perfect circle according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 6d A schematic diagram of a cylindrical lithium-ion battery clamped by a clamp according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a lithium-ion battery provided with an air bag according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 8a A flow chart of a formation method of a lithium-ion battery according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 8b A flow chart of a formation method of a lithium-ion battery according to another embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 8c A flow chart of a formation method of a lithium-ion battery according to another embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of the formation and preceding and following process flows of a lithium-ion battery according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Fig.10a A schematic diagram of uniformly distributing lithium ions on the surface of a negative electrode in a formation method of a lithium ion battery according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Fig.10b A comparison diagram of negative electrode overpotential-time obtained by comparison test of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Fig.11 Schematic diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] The specific implementation of the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0048] Lithium-ion battery refers to a general term for batteries with lithium-ion embedded compounds as positive electrode materials. It is a secondary battery (rechargeable battery) that mainly relies on the movement of lithium ions (Lithium, Li+) between the positive and negative electrodes to work. Specifically, the packaging types of lithium-ion batteries may include soft-pack lithium-ion batteries and hard-shell lithium-ion batteries. Hard-shell lithium-ion batteries can be divided into square lithium-ion batteries and cylindrical lithium-ion batteries. The following embodiments and drawings only illustrate the formation method of lithium-ion batteries using soft-pack lithium-ion batteries as an example. This application does not limit the packaging type of lithium-ion batteries.

[0049] Lithium-ion batteries use carbon materials (usually graphite) as negative electrodes and lithium-containing compounds as positive electrodes. When a lithium-ion battery is charged, lithium ions are generated on the positive electrode of the lithium-ion battery, and the generated lithium ions move to the negative electrode through the electrolyte. The carbon at the negative electrode has a layered structure, and the lithium ions that reach the negative electrode are embedded in the carbon layers. The more lithium ions are embedded, the higher the charging capacity. Similarly, when a lithium-ion battery is discharged, the lithium ions embedded in the carbon layer of the negative electrode are released and move back to the positive electrode. The more lithium ions that return to the positive electrode, the higher the discharge capacity.

[0050] The manufacturing process of lithium-ion batteries can be generally divided into three stages: pole piece production, battery cell production and battery assembly. Among them, the pole piece production process may include mixing, coating, rolling, slitting, pole ear welding and other processes, which is the basis for ensuring the performance of lithium-ion batteries. The battery cell manufacturing process mainly includes winding or stacking, shell packaging, electrolyte injection, vacuuming and final sealing. The battery assembly process mainly includes formation, capacity division, assembly, testing and other processes. The specific manufacturing process can be adapted according to actual needs and the packaging shape of the lithium-ion battery, and is not limited here.

[0051] In the production process of lithium-ion batteries, formation is an important process. In the formation process, by applying current to the lithium-ion battery, that is, performing the charge / discharge task, the electrolyte can be promoted to decompose on the surface of the negative electrode to form a layer of SEI film. The SEI film can play the role of conducting lithium ions and protecting the negative electrode, which significantly affects the electrochemical performance of the battery. The electrolyte is generally an organic solvent, and the SEI film is usually composed of inorganic lithium salts and organic matter. The SEI film is insoluble in organic solvents and can exist stably in the electrolyte. The solvent molecules in the electrolyte cannot pass through the SEI membrane, which can effectively prevent the co-embedding of solvent molecules and avoid the damage to the electrode material caused by the co-embedding of solvent molecules. At the same time, as an excellent conductor of lithium ions, the SEI membrane can also ensure that lithium ions are freely embedded and removed. Therefore, the formation of the SEI film can greatly improve the cycle performance and service life of lithium-ion batteries.

[0052] The SEI film formed after the chemical formation process may have poor consistency. The "poor consistency of the SEI film" refers to the uneven SEI film formed on the negative electrode surface of the lithium-ion battery, which may include uneven spatial thickness of the SEI film or uneven chemical composition of the SEI film.

[0053] Poor SEI film consistency may have an adverse effect on the durability and safety of lithium-ion batteries. In addition, poorly consistent SEI films conduct lithium ions slowly, and various interface problems such as insufficient lithium insertion or lithium deposition are likely to occur on the negative electrode surface after subsequent charge / discharge cycles, thereby affecting battery capacity and even posing safety risks.

[0054] First, the poor consistency of the SEI film may affect the flux distribution of lithium ions. Figure 1a-1b As shown in FIG. 1 , the problem of metal lithium precipitation (i.e., lithium precipitation phenomenon) is easily caused at the negative electrode surface where the lithium ion conductivity is low (e.g., Figure 1a As shown), lithium dendrites of metallic lithium are formed on the surface of the negative electrode (as shown Figure 1b As shown in Figure 2, the occurrence of lithium plating may cause local expansion of the negative electrode surface and increase the temperature of the lithium-ion battery, which may lead to a series of safety risks, such as Figure 1c The lithium-ion battery shown in the figure has local burning. Secondly, as the volume of the negative electrode surface gradually expands during the charge / discharge process, the thinner parts of the SEI film are prone to rupture, thereby exposing fresh negative electrode active materials, leading to further decomposition of the electrolyte, further leading to battery capacity loss, and greatly affecting battery performance.

[0055] Secondly, with the demand for higher energy density battery systems, the negative electrode materials of lithium-ion batteries are moving from graphite to higher specific capacity materials, such as silicon carbon, silicon oxygen, pure silicon, metallic lithium, and mixed materials of these materials and graphite. However, the above-mentioned higher specific capacity materials are all characterized by high activity and large volume expansion. Compared with lithium-ion batteries that use graphite as negative electrode materials, the higher energy density lithium-ion batteries required for future development have a greater risk of lithium plating, which further puts forward higher requirements for the consistency of the SEI film.

[0056] Therefore, how to improve the consistency of the SEI film formed by the chemical formation process to enhance the performance of lithium-ion batteries has become a problem that needs to be solved urgently.

[0057] After extensive research, the applicant found that the reasons affecting the consistency of the SEI film are as follows:

[0058] First, during the formation process of lithium-ion batteries, as the charge / discharge task proceeds, while the SEI film is formed on the surface of the negative electrode, as the electrolyte reacts with the negative electrode material, the electrolyte will also decompose and produce hydrocarbon gas. On the one hand, the electrolyte infiltration at the local position of the negative electrode where the gas is produced is insufficient, resulting in incomplete electrolyte decomposition products, which leads to the SEI film formed on the surface of the negative electrode having uneven spatial distribution and insufficient chemical components. On the other hand, during the production of the pole piece, in order to weld the pole ears, avoid pole piece burrs, and ensure that the negative pole piece is larger than the positive pole piece in length and width, glue will be pasted on the battery cell of the lithium-ion battery (such as Figure 2 As shown, glue is applied to the bottom and top of the lithium-ion battery. However, this will lead to the problem of inconsistent thickness uniformity of the entire electrode.

[0059] Secondly, during the formation process of lithium-ion batteries, a formation fixture is usually used to apply pressure to the lithium-ion battery to discharge the generated hydrocarbon gas. At this time, due to the inconsistent thickness of the pole pieces and the external pressure, the liquid phase transmission of lithium ions ("liquid phase transmission" refers to the transmission of lithium ions in the electrolyte) may be uneven, resulting in the electrolyte reaction process occurring on the negative electrode surface being not completely consistent, resulting in the SEI film formed on the negative electrode surface having uneven spatial distribution and insufficient chemical components.

[0060] Therefore, in order to solve the above technical problems, the embodiments of the present application propose a formation method of a lithium-ion battery, and a formation system of a lithium-ion battery for realizing the formation method of the lithium-ion battery proposed in the embodiments of the present application. It is worth noting that the embodiments of the present application propose a formation system and method of a lithium-ion battery, wherein "lithium-ion battery" refers to a lithium-ion battery in the formation stage, or in other words, the battery core part of the lithium-ion battery, rather than a finished lithium-ion battery that can be directly used.

[0061] The formation method of the lithium-ion battery in the embodiment of the present application includes: performing a charge / discharge task on the lithium-ion battery. During the execution of the charge / discharge task, the lithium-ion battery is oscillated at a preset frequency in a first direction; and / or during the execution of the charge / discharge task, the lithium-ion battery is reciprocated in a second direction. The first direction is a direction perpendicular to the main body of the lithium-ion battery, the preset frequency is a characteristic frequency of lithium ion transmission in an electrolyte, and the second direction is the width direction of the lithium-ion battery.

[0062] By oscillating the lithium-ion battery at a preset frequency in the first direction and / or reciprocating the lithium-ion battery in the second direction during the execution of the charge / discharge task, the consistency of the formed SEI film can be effectively improved. On the one hand, by applying an oscillation at a preset frequency in the first direction to the lithium-ion battery, the resonance of the lithium ions transmitted in the electrolyte can be promoted, so that the lithium ions are transported evenly and quickly, thereby promoting the consistency of the electrolyte reaction process occurring on the negative electrode surface, thereby improving the consistency of the formed SEI film. On the other hand, by reciprocating the lithium-ion battery in the second direction, the problem of electrolyte vacancies can be effectively improved, and the electrolyte infiltration is promoted to be sufficient, thereby improving the consistency of the formed SEI film. By improving the consistency of the SEI film, various interface problems of the lithium-ion battery caused by the poor consistency of the SEI film can be avoided, thereby improving the performance of the lithium-ion battery. At the same time, it can meet the technical requirements of high-energy-density battery systems, can tolerate more active negative electrode materials, and further provide prerequisites for the development of lithium-ion batteries towards higher energy density and greater charging rates.

[0063] The hardware structure of the formation system according to the embodiment of the present application is first introduced below.

[0064] like Figure 3 As shown, the formation system 10 of the lithium-ion battery includes a charging / discharging device 11 and a vibration applying component 12. The charging / discharging device 11 is connected to the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the lithium-ion battery 100, and is used to charge / discharge the lithium-ion battery 100 to perform the charging / discharging task. The vibration applying component 12 is used to clamp the lithium-ion battery 100, and during the execution of the charging / discharging task, carry the lithium-ion battery 100 to oscillate at a preset frequency in a specific direction, and / or, reciprocate in another specific direction.

[0065] The lithium-ion battery formation system 10 in this embodiment, by implementing the lithium-ion battery formation method proposed in the embodiment of the present application, can use the vibration applying component 12 to apply oscillations at a preset frequency in a specific direction to the lithium-ion battery 100 and / or reciprocate the lithium-ion battery 100 in another specific direction during the execution of the charge / discharge task, thereby effectively improving the consistency of the formed SEI film.

[0066] In one embodiment, if Figure 4 As shown, the vibration applying component 12 may include a clamp 121 and a vibration control unit 122. The clamp 121 is used to clamp the lithium-ion battery 100. The vibration control unit 122 is connected to the clamp 121 and is used to control the clamp 121 to oscillate or reciprocate. In one embodiment, the above-mentioned "specific direction" may be as follows: Figure 4 The first direction X1 indicated in the figure is a direction perpendicular to the main body of the lithium-ion battery 100. The “another specific direction” may be as follows: Figure 4 The second direction X2 indicated in the figure is the width direction of the lithium-ion battery 100. In one embodiment, the clamp 121 may include two parallel clamping plates, such as Figure 4 By clamping the lithium-ion battery 100 with two parallel clamping plates, it is possible to ensure that the surface of the lithium-ion battery 100 is subjected to balanced force, and further ensure the effect of improving the consistency of the SEI film.

[0067] It is understandable that in other embodiments, the clamp 121 may also be other structures such as a clamp or a suction cup, which is not limited here.

[0068] In one embodiment, if Figure 5 As shown, a plurality of lithium-ion batteries 100 to be formed can be placed in a formation cabinet ( Figure 5 Take three lithium-ion batteries 100 placed in a formation cabinet as an example). The charge / discharge device 11 in the formation system 10 of the lithium-ion battery can be connected to each lithium-ion battery 100 to be formed in the formation cabinet, and the vibration control unit 122 can be connected to the fixture 121 corresponding to each lithium-ion battery 100 in the formation cabinet. All lithium-ion batteries 100 can be formed at the same time, thereby improving the mass production formation efficiency of lithium-ion batteries 100.

[0069] Among them, the vibration control unit 122 can control the vibration type (oscillation and / or reciprocating movement, etc.), vibration direction and vibration time (vibration start time, stop time or duration, etc.) applied to the lithium-ion battery 100. Among them, the vibration control unit 122 can also control the simultaneous application of oscillation and reciprocating movement at a preset frequency to the lithium-ion battery 100, or the application of oscillation and reciprocating movement at a preset frequency in sequence. It can be understood that the specific vibration type, direction and time can be set according to actual needs and are not limited here.

[0070] In other embodiments, the formation system 10 of the lithium-ion battery may also be provided with a plurality of charging / discharging devices 11, so as to utilize each charging / discharging device 11 to individually perform charging / discharging tasks on the corresponding lithium-ion battery 100 in the formation cabinet. Among them, performing the charging / discharging task on the lithium-ion battery may include: setting charging parameters, and then starting to perform the charging / discharging task on the lithium-ion battery. Among them, the charging parameters include charging current, charging time, temperature and pressure. The charging / discharging device 11 can regulate the reaction type and depth of the electrolyte decomposition by regulating the charging parameters in the charging / discharging task, thereby playing a role in adjusting the structure and material composition of the formed SEI film. Among them, the content of setting the charging parameters is described in the following embodiments, which will not be described in detail here.

[0071] It is understandable that the specific number, connection method and specific values ​​of the charging parameters of the charging / discharging device 11 and the lithium-ion batteries 100 in the formation cabinet can be set according to actual needs and are not limited here.

[0072] The formation method of the lithium-ion battery in the embodiment of the present application is described in detail below in conjunction with the specific implementation manner and the accompanying drawings.

[0073] The formation method of the lithium-ion battery in the embodiment of the present application includes: performing a charge / discharge task on the lithium-ion battery. During the execution of the charge / discharge task, the lithium-ion battery is oscillated at a preset frequency in a first direction, and / or during the execution of the charge / discharge task, the lithium-ion battery is reciprocated in a second direction. The first direction is a direction perpendicular to the main body of the lithium-ion battery, the preset frequency is a characteristic frequency of lithium ion transmission in an electrolyte, and the second direction is the width direction of the lithium-ion battery.

[0074] The characteristic frequency of lithium ion transmission in the electrolyte is generally in the range of 1Hz to 100Hz, and the preset frequency can generally be set to about 10Hz. By applying oscillations at the characteristic frequency of lithium ion transmission in the electrolyte to the lithium-ion battery, resonance with the lithium ions can be achieved, thereby promoting the uniform transmission of lithium ions in the electrolyte and improving the consistency of the formed SEI film.

[0075] like Figure 6a As shown, Figure 6a Schematic diagram of using the clamp 121 to clamp the lithium-ion battery 100. The first direction is a direction perpendicular to the main body of the lithium-ion battery 100, such as Figure 6a In other words, in the X1 direction indicated by Figure 6a In the case of a battery with a square cross section (such as a soft-pack lithium-ion battery or a square lithium-ion battery, etc.), the first direction is a direction perpendicular to the surface where the main body of the lithium-ion battery 100 is located. The second direction is the width direction of the lithium-ion battery 100, such as Figure 6a In the X2 direction indicated in , or in other words, in Figure 6a In the case of a battery having a square cross section, the second direction is the direction along the width of the lithium-ion battery 100 in the plane where the lithium-ion battery 100 is located. Figure 6a As shown, the direction of the clamping force of the clamp coincides with the X1 direction. In the plane perpendicular to the clamping force direction, the battery does not move significantly in the same direction as the line connecting the geometric center of the battery and the electrode setting position to prevent the wiring stability from deteriorating, so the battery will move in the direction perpendicular to the above-mentioned connecting direction, that is, in the X2 direction as the width direction of the above-mentioned battery.

[0076] The following is a brief description Figure 6b and 6cIllustration of the X1 and X2 directions in the case of a battery with anisotropic cross-section is shown by way of example. Figure 6b and 6c Only a cross-sectional view of the battery is shown, and its stereoscopic view and clamping state are basically the same as Figure 6a Consistent. Figure 6b As shown, in the case of a battery having an elliptical cross section, the width direction of the battery is as shown in FIG. Figure 6b The X2 direction indicated in the figure is the second direction that is consistent with the width direction of the battery. The first direction is the direction perpendicular to the battery body, such as Figure 6b The X1 direction indicated in .

[0077] like Figure 6c As shown, in the case of a battery having a cross section similar to a perfect circle, the width direction of the battery is as follows Figure 6c The X2 direction indicated in the figure is the second direction that is consistent with the width direction of the battery. The first direction is the direction perpendicular to the battery body, such as Figure 6c The X1 direction indicated in .

[0078] like Figure 6d As shown, in the case of a cylindrical or quasi-cylindrical lithium-ion battery with a non-circular cross section, the width direction of the cylindrical lithium-ion battery is as shown in FIG. Figure 6d The X2 direction indicated in the figure (only a right cylindrical shape is shown as an example) is the second direction that is consistent with the width direction of the battery. The first direction is a direction perpendicular to the main body of the cylindrical lithium-ion battery, and it is also a direction perpendicular to the width direction X2, such as Figure 6d The X1 direction is indicated in . Figure 6d As shown, the direction of application of the clamping force of the clamp coincides with the X1 direction. When the shape of the clamping portion needs to match the contour of the battery, the plane substantially located by the clamping portion body (such as Figure 6d The direction perpendicular to the dotted frame 101 shown in FIG. coincides with the X1 direction. In the plane perpendicular to the X1 direction, the battery does not move significantly in the same direction as the line connecting the geometric center of the battery and the electrode setting position to prevent the wiring stability from deteriorating, so the battery will move in the direction perpendicular to the above-mentioned connecting line direction, that is, the width direction X2 of the above-mentioned battery.

[0079] The following is still combined Figure 6a The description will be continued with the scenario of a battery having a square cross section. Figure 7 As shown, Figure 7 The figure is a schematic diagram of the state of a lithium-ion battery during the formation process, wherein an air bag is arranged on one side of the lithium-ion battery, and the air bag is used to store the gas generated by the lithium-ion battery during the charge / discharge process. The air bag can be arranged on the left or right side of the width direction of the lithium-ion battery, which is not limited here. During the formation process of the lithium-ion battery, the lithium-ion battery can be as follows Figure 7 As shown, the air bag is placed upward. It can be understood that the above Figure 4 , Figure 5 FIG. 6 is only for the convenience of description, and the lithium-ion battery is placed with the top facing upwards as an example. It is worth noting that in the actual formation operation, the lithium-ion battery Figure 7 Place the air bag facing upward as shown.

[0080] exist Figure 7 In the embodiment, the first direction may be perpendicular to the main body of the lithium-ion battery, such as Figure 7 The second direction is consistent with the direction of the lithium-ion battery toward the air bag, that is, consistent with the width direction of the battery, such as Figure 7 The X2 direction indicated in .

[0081] During the formation process of lithium-ion batteries, pressure is applied to the lithium-ion batteries through the formation fixture. Figure 7 As shown, when placed upward, the hydrocarbon gas generated by the lithium-ion battery can be easily squeezed into the air bag. After the charge / discharge task is completed, the gas stored in the air bag can be released, and the lithium-ion battery can be repackaged before entering the subsequent manufacturing process. In one embodiment, after the charge / discharge task is completed, the air bag can be punctured by a guillotine and vacuumed at the same time, so that the gas in the air bag and a small part of the electrolyte are extracted. Then the lithium-ion battery is immediately repackaged (or called "secondary packaging") to ensure the airtightness of the lithium-ion battery. Finally, the packaged lithium-ion battery is cut off from the air bag, and the edges are trimmed and folded to ensure that the width of the lithium-ion battery does not exceed the standard.

[0082] The following is a detailed description of various embodiments of the formation method of a lithium-ion battery.

[0083] In one embodiment, if Figure 8a As shown, the formation method of a lithium-ion battery may include:

[0084] Step 110: Set charging parameters.

[0085] Charging parameters include charging current, charging time, temperature and pressure.

[0086] Step 120: Execute charge / discharge task on the lithium-ion battery.

[0087] Step 130: During the execution of the charge / discharge task, oscillate the lithium-ion battery in a first direction at a preset frequency.

[0088] During the execution of the charge / discharge task, the lithium-ion battery is oscillated at a preset frequency in a first direction, which is a direction perpendicular to the main body of the lithium-ion battery, and the preset frequency is a characteristic frequency of lithium ion transmission in the electrolyte.

[0089] In other words, in this embodiment, the step of oscillating the lithium-ion battery at a preset frequency in the first direction can be performed separately. By applying oscillation at a preset frequency in the first direction to the lithium-ion battery, the resonance of lithium ions transmitted in the electrolyte can be promoted, so that the lithium ions are uniformly and quickly transported in the electrolyte, thereby improving the consistency of the electrolyte reaction process occurring on the negative electrode surface, and then improving the consistency of the SEI film formed on the negative electrode surface, and further ensuring the durability and safety of the lithium-ion battery product produced subsequently.

[0090] In one embodiment, if Figure 8b As shown, the formation method of a lithium-ion battery may include:

[0091] Step 210: Set charging parameters.

[0092] Step 220: Execute charge / discharge task on the lithium-ion battery.

[0093] Step 230: During the execution of the charge / discharge task, reciprocate the lithium-ion battery in the second direction.

[0094] During the execution of the charge / discharge task, the lithium-ion battery is reciprocated in a second direction, wherein the second direction is a width direction of the lithium-ion battery.

[0095] In other words, in this embodiment, the step of reciprocating the lithium-ion battery in the second direction can be performed separately. By carrying the lithium-ion battery back and forth in the second direction, the effect of gas flow on the electrolyte distribution can be offset, the problem of electrolyte vacancies can be effectively improved, the electrolyte infiltration is promoted, and the wettability of the electrolyte to the entire electrode area is improved, thereby ensuring the deep decomposition of the electrolyte during the formation process to improve the consistency of the formed SEI film.

[0096] In one embodiment, if Figure 8c As shown, the formation method of a lithium-ion battery may include:

[0097] Step 310: Set charging parameters.

[0098] Step 320: Execute charge / discharge task on the lithium-ion battery.

[0099] Step 330: During the execution of the charge / discharge task, the lithium-ion battery is oscillated at a preset frequency in a first direction, and the lithium-ion battery is reciprocated in a second direction.

[0100] During the execution of the charge / discharge task, the lithium-ion battery is oscillated at a preset frequency in a first direction, and the lithium-ion battery is reciprocated in a second direction. The first direction is a direction perpendicular to the main body of the lithium-ion battery, the preset frequency is a characteristic frequency of lithium ion transmission in the electrolyte, and the second direction is the width direction of the lithium-ion battery.

[0101] In other words, in this embodiment, during the execution of the charge / discharge task, the lithium-ion battery is not only oscillated at a preset frequency in the first direction, but also reciprocated in the second direction. In one embodiment, the lithium-ion battery can be oscillated at a preset frequency in the first direction, while reciprocating in the second direction.

[0102] In another embodiment, the lithium-ion battery may be oscillated at a preset frequency in the first direction for a first preset time, and the lithium-ion battery may be moved back and forth in the second direction for a second preset time. That is, the operation of oscillating the lithium-ion battery at a preset frequency in the first direction and the operation of moving the lithium-ion battery back and forth in the second direction are performed separately in sequence. Specifically, the lithium-ion battery may be oscillated at a preset frequency in the first direction first, and after the first preset time, the lithium-ion battery may be moved back and forth in the second direction, and after the second preset time, the lithium-ion battery may be oscillated at a preset frequency in the first direction again, and this process may be repeated until the charge / discharge task is completed. Alternatively, the lithium-ion battery may be moved back and forth in the second direction first, and after the second preset time, the lithium-ion battery may be oscillated at a preset frequency in the first direction, and after the first preset time, the lithium-ion battery may be moved back and forth in the second direction again, until the charge / discharge task is completed.

[0103] It is understandable that the first preset time and the second preset time may be the same or different. The specific values ​​of the first preset time and the second preset time may be set according to actual conditions and are not limited here.

[0104] In the present embodiment, during the execution of the charge / discharge task, the lithium-ion battery is subjected to oscillations at a preset frequency in a first direction, and the lithium-ion battery is reciprocated in a second direction. On the one hand, by applying oscillations at a preset frequency in the first direction to the lithium-ion battery, the resonance of the lithium ions transmitted in the electrolyte can be promoted, so that the lithium ions are transported evenly and quickly in the electrolyte, thereby promoting the consistency of the electrolyte reaction process occurring on the negative electrode surface, which has the effect of improving the consistency of the SEI film. On the other hand, by carrying the lithium-ion battery back and forth in the second direction, the problem of electrolyte vacancies can be effectively improved, and the electrolyte infiltration is promoted to be sufficient, which further has the effect of improving the consistency of the SEI film. In this embodiment, the consistency of the SEI film is improved by the synergy of the oscillation and reciprocating operation, which has the effect of superimposing the effects, so that the formed SEI film has better consistency.

[0105] In one embodiment, performing a charge / discharge task on a lithium-ion battery includes: injecting an electrolyte into the lithium-ion battery and letting it stand for a third preset time. After standing for the third preset time, starting the charge / discharge task on the lithium-ion battery. By injecting the electrolyte and then letting it stand for the third preset time, the degree of electrolyte infiltration can be increased to a certain extent before the charge / discharge task begins. The third preset time can generally be selected as 2 to 4 hours. It can be understood that the specific duration can be set according to the ambient temperature and actual needs, and is not limited here.

[0106] The steps (step 110 , step 210 , and step 220 ) of setting the charging parameters described in the above embodiment are described below.

[0107] First, if Fig. 9 As shown, the formation and pre- and post-formation processes of lithium-ion batteries may mainly include: (1) liquid injection; (2) static infiltration; (3) charging / discharging (i.e., formation); (4) static infiltration after formation; (5) degassing and packaging. Among them, the relevant parameters in the liquid injection step may include the type of electrolyte E and the injection amount Q. The relevant parameters in the static infiltration step may include the static time T3 (i.e., the third preset time mentioned above) and the temperature T1. The relevant parameters in the charge / discharge step (i.e., the above-mentioned charging parameters) may include the charging current I, the charging time T1, the temperature T2, and the pressure P. The relevant parameters in the static step after formation may include the static time T2 and the temperature T3. The relevant parameters in the degassing and packaging step may include the temperature T4 and the vacuum degree V. By regulating the relevant parameters in each step, an SEI film that can adapt to a specific battery system is obtained.

[0108] In the formation step, the reaction type and depth of the electrolyte decomposition can be regulated by regulating the charging current I, charging time T1, temperature T2 and pressure P in the charge / discharge step, thereby adjusting the structure and material composition of the formed SEI film. For example, the charging current I can affect the reaction type of the electrolyte decomposition, thereby affecting the structure and material composition of the formed SEI film. The temperature T2 affects the reaction rate and corresponding products of the chemical reaction of the SEI film on the one hand, and affects the consumption of lithium ions on the other hand. The specific values ​​of the charging parameters in the formation step can be selected according to actual needs and are not limited here.

[0109] In one embodiment, the charging parameters include charging parameters corresponding to each round of charging / discharging operation in the charging / discharging task, and the charging parameters corresponding to each round of charging / discharging operation are different. In other words, the charging / discharging task may include multiple rounds of charging / discharging operations, and the charging parameters in each round of charging / discharging operation are different; or, different currents, temperatures and pressures are provided for different stages of the charging / discharging task. It can be understood that the specific values ​​of the charging parameters in each round of charging / discharging operation can be adaptively set according to the process of electrolyte decomposition, so that in each charging / discharging operation, the most suitable formation environment can be adaptively provided for the process of electrolyte decomposition, thereby improving the quality of the formed SEI film.

[0110] In one embodiment, a constant current charging method may be used in the first round of charge / discharge operation, that is, the charging current in the first round of charge / discharge operation is constant. When the voltage of the lithium-ion battery rises to a preset voltage threshold, a constant voltage charging method may be used in subsequent charge / discharge operations, in other words, a constant voltage is used for charging until the voltage of the lithium-ion battery reaches the end voltage, and the charge / discharge task is terminated. The specific data of the preset voltage threshold and the end voltage may be set according to actual conditions and are not limited here.

[0111] In other embodiments, each round of charging / discharging operation can also be performed in an intelligent charging mode. In the intelligent charging mode, the charging current that the lithium-ion battery can accept during the charging process can be tracked in real time, so that the charging parameters are automatically adjusted according to the state of the lithium-ion battery, so that the charging current is always maintained within the allowable range, thereby playing the role of a lithium-ion battery.

[0112] It can be understood that the implementation methods of the charge / discharge tasks described in the above embodiments are only examples, and the present application is not limited thereto. The specific implementation methods and charging parameters can be set according to actual conditions.

[0113] Based on this, the formation method of the lithium-ion battery in the above-mentioned embodiment of the present application can also improve the uniformity and speed of the electrolyte infiltration and lithium ion liquid phase transmission in the lithium-ion battery by introducing a velocity field when the charging parameters are fixed or the charging parameters are not easy to change, thereby improving the consistency of the formed SEI film. In other words, the formation method of the lithium-ion battery in the embodiment of the present application can overcome the limitations of not being able to optimize the SEI film and the optimization effect of the charging parameters by adjusting the charging parameters, and achieve a more effective improvement in the consistency of the SEI film.

[0114] like Figure 10a to Figure 10b As shown, Figure 10a to Figure 10b The lithium-ion battery formation method of the embodiment of the present application is used to test the lithium-ion battery and obtain the experimental results.

[0115] Among them, Fig.10a It can be seen that, through the formation method of the lithium-ion battery of the embodiment of the present application, the lithium ions are evenly distributed on the surface of the negative electrode, which significantly improves the uneven distribution of lithium ions on the surface of the negative electrode, thereby causing the situation of lithium dendrites (such as Figure 1a to Figure 1b shown).

[0116] like Fig.10b As shown, Fig.10b A negative electrode overpotential-time comparison diagram is obtained by charging a lithium ion battery formed by a conventional scheme and a lithium ion battery formed by an embodiment of the present application at the same high charging rate (5C).

[0117] Among them, during the charging process of lithium-ion batteries, the terminal voltage of lithium-ion batteries is higher than the open circuit voltage. The difference between the terminal voltage and the open circuit voltage is the overpotential of lithium-ion batteries during charging, which can also be called overvoltage. The absolute value of the overpotential reflects the degree of polarization inside the lithium-ion battery, and the absolute value of the overpotential is positively correlated with the degree of polarization inside the lithium-ion battery. Polarization can easily lead to lithium-ion batteries not being fully charged. In severe cases, it can also cause battery heating and lithium dendrites on the negative electrode surface, affecting battery safety and service life.

[0118] Depend on Fig.10b It can be seen that, under the same charging rate, the absolute value of the negative electrode overpotential of the lithium-ion battery obtained by the conventional scheme is significantly greater than the negative electrode overpotential of the lithium-ion battery obtained by the embodiment of the present application. Moreover, after 120 hours, the absolute value of the negative electrode overpotential of the lithium-ion battery obtained by the conventional scheme suddenly increased, which significantly increased the Gibbs free energy of the negative electrode lithium insertion reaction, which was greater than the Gibbs free energy of the lithium deposition reaction, thereby causing the occurrence of lithium precipitation. However, after 120 hours, the absolute value of the negative electrode overpotential of the lithium-ion battery obtained by the embodiment of the present application remained stable. From the above content, it can be seen that compared with the conventional scheme, the formation method of the embodiment of the present application can reduce the polarization degree of the lithium-ion battery, significantly suppress the problem of interfacial lithium precipitation, and thus greatly improve the battery performance.

[0119] An embodiment of the present invention further provides an electronic device, the electronic device comprising a processor and a memory, the memory storing at least one instruction or at least one program, the at least one instruction or at least one program being loaded and executed by the processor to implement the lithium ion battery formation method provided in the above method embodiment, so as to control the oscillation control unit and the charge / discharge device in the lithium ion battery formation system. Figure 5 The oscillation control unit and the charge / discharge device shown in FIG.

[0120] The memory can be used to store software programs and modules. The processor executes various functional applications and data processing by running the software programs and modules stored in the memory. The memory can mainly include a program storage area and a data storage area, wherein the program storage area can store an operating system, application programs required for functions, etc.; the data storage area can store data created according to the use of the device, etc. In addition, the memory can include a high-speed random access memory and can also include a non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk storage device, a flash memory device, or other volatile solid-state storage devices. Accordingly, the memory can also include a memory controller to provide the processor with access to the memory.

[0121] In a specific embodiment, Fig.11 A schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device for implementing the embodiment of the present invention is shown. The electronic device may be a computer terminal, a mobile terminal or other devices.

[0122] like Fig.11 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides an electronic device 1100, including: a processor 1101 and a memory 1102, in which computer program instructions are stored, wherein when the computer program instructions are executed by the processor, the processor 1101 executes the steps of the lithium-ion battery formation method as in the above embodiment.

[0123] Furthermore, if Fig.11 As shown, the electronic device 1100 also includes a network interface 1103 , an input device 1104 , a hard disk 1105 , and a display device 1106 .

[0124] The above-mentioned interfaces and devices can be interconnected through a bus architecture. The bus architecture can be a bus and bridge that can include any number of interconnected buses. Specifically, various circuits of one or more central processing units (CPUs) represented by processor 1101 and one or more memories represented by memory 1102 are connected together. The bus architecture can also connect various other circuits such as peripheral devices, voltage regulators, and power management circuits together. It can be understood that the bus architecture is used to achieve connection and communication between these components. In addition to the data bus, the bus architecture also includes a power bus, a control bus, and a status signal bus, which are all well known in the art, so they will not be described in detail herein.

[0125] The network interface 1103 can be connected to a network (such as the Internet, a local area network, etc.), obtain relevant data from the network, and save it in the hard disk 1105.

[0126] The input device 1104 can receive various instructions input by the operator and send them to the processor 1101 for execution. The input device 1104 can include a keyboard or a pointing device, such as a mouse, a trackball, a touch pad or a touch screen.

[0127] The display device 1106 can display the result obtained by the processor 1101 executing the instructions.

[0128] The memory 1102 is used to store programs and data necessary for the operation of the operating system, as well as data such as intermediate results during the calculation process of the processor 1101.

[0129] It is understood that the memory 1102 in the embodiment of the present invention may be a volatile memory or a non-volatile memory, or may include both volatile and non-volatile memories. Among them, the non-volatile memory may be a read-only memory (ROM), a programmable read-only memory (PROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), or a flash memory. The volatile memory may be a random access memory (RAM), which is used as an external cache. The memory 1102 of the apparatus and method described herein is intended to include, but is not limited to, these and any other suitable types of memory.

[0130] In some embodiments, the memory 1102 stores the following elements, executable modules or data structures, or a subset thereof, or an extended set thereof: an operating system 11021 and an application program 11022 .

[0131] The operating system 11021 includes various system programs, such as a framework layer, a core library layer, a driver layer, etc., which are used to implement various basic services and process hardware-based tasks. The application 11022 includes various application programs, such as a browser, etc., which are used to implement various application services. The program for implementing the method of the embodiment of the present invention can be included in the application 11022.

[0132] The processor 1101 , when calling and executing the application program and data stored in the memory 1102 , specifically, the program or instruction stored in the application program 11022 , executes the steps of the lithium-ion battery formation method of the above embodiment.

[0133] The method disclosed in the above embodiment of the present invention can be applied to the processor 1101, or implemented by the processor 1101. The processor 1101 may be an integrated circuit chip with signal processing capabilities. In the implementation process, each step of the above method can be completed by the hardware integrated logic circuit in the processor 1101 or the instruction in the form of software. The above processor 1101 can be a general processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a readily available programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gates or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, and can implement or execute the methods, steps and logic block diagrams disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention. The general processor can be a microprocessor or the processor can also be any conventional processor, etc. The steps of the method disclosed in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention can be directly embodied as a hardware decoding processor to be executed, or can be executed by a combination of hardware and software modules in the decoding processor. The software module can be located in a mature storage medium in the field such as a random access memory, a flash memory, a read-only memory, a programmable read-only memory or an electrically erasable programmable memory, a register, etc. The storage medium is located in the memory 1102, and the processor 1101 reads the information in the memory 1102 and completes the steps of the above method in combination with its hardware.

[0134] It is understood that the embodiments described herein can be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, middleware, microcode or a combination thereof. For hardware implementation, the processing unit can be implemented in one or more application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), digital signal processors (DSPs), digital signal processing devices (DSPDs), programmable logic devices (PLDs), field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), general purpose processors, controllers, microcontrollers, microprocessors, other electronic units for performing the functions of the present application or a combination thereof.

[0135] For software implementation, the technology of this article can be implemented by modules (such as procedures, functions, etc.) that perform the functions of this article. The software code can be stored in a memory and executed by a processor. The memory can be implemented in the processor or outside the processor.

[0136] In addition, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium, which stores a computer program. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the processor executes the steps of the lithium-ion battery formation method of the above embodiment.

[0137] In the several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed methods and devices can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are only schematic. For example, the division of units is only a logical function division. There may be other division methods in actual implementation, such as multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be through some interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0138] In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may be physically included separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit. The above-mentioned integrated unit may be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of hardware plus software functional units.

[0139] The above-mentioned integrated unit implemented in the form of a software functional unit can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. The above-mentioned software functional unit is stored in a storage medium, including a number of instructions for a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to perform some steps of the sending and receiving methods of various embodiments of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (Read-Only Memory, referred to as ROM), random access memory (RandomAccess Memory, referred to as RAM), disk or optical disk and other media that can store program codes.

[0140] The above are preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be pointed out that, for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A formation method for a lithium ion battery, characterized in that: The steps include: Perform charge / discharge tasks on lithium-ion batteries; Wherein, during the execution of the charge / discharge task, the lithium-ion battery is oscillated at a preset frequency in a first direction, the first direction being a direction perpendicular to the main body of the lithium-ion battery, and the preset frequency being a characteristic frequency of lithium ion transmission in an electrolyte; and / or During the execution of the charge / discharge task, the lithium-ion battery is reciprocated in a second direction, wherein the second direction is a width direction of the lithium-ion battery.

2. The formation method of a lithium ion battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: An air bag is provided on one side of the lithium ion battery in the width direction, and the air bag is used to store the gas generated by the lithium ion battery during the charging / discharging process.

3. The formation method of a lithium ion battery according to claim 2, characterized in that: The method further comprises: After the charge / discharge task is completed, the gas stored in the gas bag is released and the lithium-ion battery is repackaged.

4. The lithium ion battery formation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: During the execution of the charge / discharge task, the steps of oscillating the lithium-ion battery at a preset frequency in a first direction and reciprocatingly moving the lithium-ion battery in a second direction include: During the execution of the charge / discharge task, the lithium-ion battery is oscillated at a preset frequency in a first direction, and the lithium-ion battery is reciprocated in a second direction.

5. The lithium ion battery formation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: During the execution of the charge / discharge task, the steps of oscillating the lithium-ion battery at a preset frequency in a first direction and reciprocatingly moving the lithium-ion battery in a second direction include: During the execution of the charge / discharge task, the lithium-ion battery is alternately oscillated in a first direction at a preset frequency for a first preset time, and the lithium-ion battery is reciprocated in a second direction for a second preset time.

6. The lithium ion battery formation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tasks of charging and discharging lithium-ion batteries include: Setting charging parameters, wherein the charging parameters include charging current, charging time, temperature and pressure; The charging / discharging task for the lithium-ion battery is started.

7. The lithium ion battery formation method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The charging parameters include charging parameters corresponding to each round of charging / discharging operation in the charging / discharging task, and the charging parameters corresponding to each round of charging / discharging operation are different.

8. The lithium ion battery formation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tasks of charging and discharging lithium-ion batteries include: Injecting electrolyte into the lithium-ion battery and leaving it alone for a third preset time; The charging / discharging task of the lithium-ion battery is started.

9. A lithium ion battery formation system, characterized in that: include: A charging / discharging device, connected to the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the lithium-ion battery, for charging / discharging the lithium-ion battery to perform a charging / discharging task; A vibration applying component is used to clamp the lithium-ion battery and, during the execution of the charge / discharge task, carry the lithium-ion battery to oscillate at a preset frequency in a first direction and / or to reciprocate in a second direction; wherein the first direction is a direction perpendicular to the main body of the lithium-ion battery, the second direction is a width direction of the lithium-ion battery, and the preset frequency is a characteristic frequency of lithium ion transmission in an electrolyte.

10. The lithium ion battery formation system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The vibration applying component comprises: A clamp, used for clamping the lithium-ion battery; A vibration control unit is connected to the clamp and is used to control the clamp to oscillate or reciprocate.

11. The lithium ion battery formation system according to claim 10, characterized in that: The clamp comprises two parallel clamping plates.

12. An electronic device, characterized in that: include: processor; and a memory having computer program instructions stored therein, Wherein, when the computer program instructions are executed by the processor, the processor is enabled to execute the lithium ion battery formation method as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

13. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The computer-readable storage medium stores computer program instructions, and when the computer program instructions are executed by a processor, the processor executes the lithium-ion battery formation method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

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