Accumulated snow prevention tracking type photovoltaic support

Abstract

The invention discloses an accumulated snow prevention tracking type photovoltaic support which comprises a rotating base, a photovoltaic assembly, a supporting device, a wind power and wind direction detection system, an accumulated snow monitoring system, a snow removing device, a tracking device and a control device. The bottom end of the telescopic support is fixedly connected with the rotating base, the top end of the telescopic support is fixedly connected with the bottom end of the solar panel, and a limiting device used for limiting the telescopic length is fixed to the telescopic support. The accumulated snow monitoring system comprises optical sensors which are arranged at four corners and the center of the top surface of the frame; the snow removing device comprises air injection devices and heating devices, the air injection devices are arranged above the two sides of the solar panel, and the heating devices are fixed to the periphery of the top end of the frame. When the accumulated snow monitoring system detects that accumulated snow reaches a certain degree, the snow removing device is started, and the situation that the power generation efficiency is reduced due to long-time coverage of the accumulated snow is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic brackets, and in particular to an anti-snow tracking photovoltaic bracket. Background Art

[0002] With the increasing demand for clean energy, photovoltaic power generation has been widely used as an important way to utilize renewable energy. Photovoltaic brackets are used to support photovoltaic modules so that they can receive sunlight at a suitable angle to improve power generation efficiency. In the existing technology, fixed brackets cannot adjust the angle to promote the sliding of snow. Although tracking photovoltaic brackets can be rotated up and down and left and right, the left and right rotation does not change the inclination angle of the solar panel.

[0003] However, according to the latitude of our country, the installation angle of solar panels is within the range of 15° to 45°. When the tracking photovoltaic bracket rotates up and down, the maximum inclination angle of the solar panel will not exceed 45°. Snow will accumulate on the surface of the panel on snowy days, which will not only make it difficult to clean but also affect power generation. In the cold northern winter, there are many windy and snowy days with heavy snow. The snow on the surface of the panel is very thick and may even freeze. At this time, the photovoltaic power station will not be able to operate normally and the power generation efficiency will be low.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for an anti-snow tracking photovoltaic bracket that can effectively prevent snow accumulation and track the sun. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a snow-proof tracking photovoltaic bracket to solve the problems that the power generation efficiency of the existing photovoltaic brackets is reduced in a snowy environment and they are easily damaged by snow.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] An anti-snow tracking photovoltaic bracket includes a rotating base, a photovoltaic module, a supporting device, a snow monitoring system, a snow removal device, a tracking device and a control device;

[0008] The photovoltaic assembly includes a frame and a solar panel, wherein the frame is installed around the solar panel;

[0009] The supporting device comprises a retractable bracket, four of which are vertically arranged at the four corners of the solar panel, the bottom end of the retractable bracket is fixedly connected to the rotating base, the top end of the retractable bracket is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the solar panel, and a limit device for limiting the telescopic length is fixed on the retractable bracket;

[0010] A wind force and direction detection system, the wind force and direction detection system comprising a wind vane, the wind vane being fixed to a side end of the frame;

[0011] The snow monitoring system includes optical sensors located at the four corners and the center of the top surface of the frame;

[0012] The snow removal device includes an air jet device, a water spray device and a heating device, wherein the air jet device and the water spray device are arranged above both sides of the solar panel, and the heating device is fixed around the top of the frame;

[0013] The tracking device is a photoelectric sensor, and a plurality of the photoelectric sensors are mounted on the outside of the frame;

[0014] The control device includes a controller, a photoelectric sensor, a computing module for analyzing the trajectory of the sun, and a battery for providing power. The controller and the battery are installed inside the rotating base. The wind vane, the photoelectric sensor, and the optical sensor are all electrically connected to the computing module. The computing module, the retractable bracket, the rotating base, the jet device, the water spray device, and the heating device are electrically connected to the controller.

[0015] Furthermore, the rotating base includes an upper base and a lower base, the upper base is sleeved on the outside of the lower base and has a gap, a servo motor is fixed at the bottom center of the lower base, the output shaft of the servo motor is vertically arranged upward, the output shaft of the servo motor is fixedly connected to the center of the upper base, and the servo motor is electrically connected to the controller.

[0016] Furthermore, the retractable bracket includes an inner tube and an outer tube, the outer diameter of the inner tube is smaller than the inner diameter of the outer tube, a plurality of tracks are axially arranged on the inner wall of the outer tube, a sliding bar slidably connected to the track is arranged on the outer wall of the inner tube, and a seal is arranged at the connection between the outer tube and the inner tube; a rotating motor is fixed to the inner bottom of the outer tube, a screw is fixedly connected to the output end of the rotating motor, a nut matching the screw is fixed to the bottom of the inner tube, and the rotating motor is electrically connected to the controller.

[0017] Furthermore, the limiting device includes a limiting block and a fixing block, wherein the limiting block is fixed to the top of the track, and the fixing block is fixed to the bottom of the slide bar.

[0018] Furthermore, the optical sensor includes a light source and a light receiver. The light source is arranged at the four corners of the top surface of the frame, and the light receiver corresponding to the light source is installed at the center of the top surface of the solar panel. The light receiver is electrically connected to the operation module.

[0019] Furthermore, a protective cover is provided on the outer sides of the light source and the light receiver.

[0020] Further, the jet device includes a fixing frame, an air compressor and an air jet nozzle, the air compressor is installed on the top of the upper base, the air jet nozzle includes an outer shell and a plurality of air jet heads, the fixing frames are fixed on both sides of the frame, the outer shell is fixed on the top of the fixing frame, the plurality of air jet heads are evenly arranged inside the outer shell, the air compressor is connected to the plurality of air jet heads, and the air compressor is electrically connected to the controller;

[0021] The water spray device comprises a water spray head, a plurality of the water spray heads are evenly arranged inside the outer shell, the water spray heads are spaced apart from the air spray heads, the water spray heads are connected to an external water source, and the water spray heads are electrically connected to the control.

[0022] Furthermore, the heating device includes a heating rod and a temperature sensor, the heating rod is fixed on the frame around the solar panel, four temperature sensors are evenly fixed on the surface of the solar panel, the heating rod is point-connected to the controller, and the temperature sensor is connected to the controller.

[0023] Furthermore, the controller is also connected to the remote monitoring center via a communication module, and the monitoring center is used to monitor the operating status and snow accumulation conditions of the photovoltaic support.

[0024] Furthermore, a plurality of drainage holes are provided around the frame.

[0025] The present invention discloses the following technical effects: the present invention discloses an anti-snow tracking photovoltaic bracket, which uses a photoelectric sensor to continuously monitor the angle and intensity of sunlight, and controls the movement of a retractable bracket after calculation by a computing module, so that the solar panel is always at an optimal lighting angle that is nearly perpendicular to the sunlight. The precise tracking effectively improves the capture rate of solar energy by the photovoltaic module, and can significantly improve the power generation efficiency by 20% to 35% compared with the traditional fixed bracket; when the snow monitoring system detects that the snow accumulation reaches a certain level, the snow removal device is started, the jet device uses high-speed airflow to blow away the snow, and the heating device melts the edge of the snow to promote overall sliding, so as to restore the lighting area of ​​the solar panel in a relatively short time, avoid a significant decrease in power generation efficiency due to long-term snow coverage, and ensure that the photovoltaic power station can maintain a relatively stable power output during snow accumulation periods such as winter;

[0026] The controller plays a core coordination role in the entire working process. It not only controls the angle adjustment of the photovoltaic bracket and the start-up of the snow removal device according to the sunlight, snow accumulation, etc., but also exchanges data with the remote monitoring center. The remote monitoring center can provide decision-making basis for system optimization by analyzing the long-term accumulated operation data, such as optimizing the configuration of the snow removal device and adjusting the sensitivity of the snow monitoring system, so as to improve the performance and adaptability of the entire photovoltaic bracket system and ensure the efficient and stable photovoltaic power generation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0028] Figure 1 : A schematic diagram of the structure of a snow-proof tracking photovoltaic support of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 : A top view of a snow-proof tracking photovoltaic bracket of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 : The present invention Figure 2 Schematic diagram of section A~A;

[0031] Figure 4 : Schematic diagram of the retractable support structure of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5 : Schematic diagram of the seal structure of the present invention;

[0033] Specifically, 1 is a rotating base, 11 is an upper base, 12 is a lower base, 13 is a servo motor, 2 is a photovoltaic component, 21 is a frame, 22 is a solar panel, 23 is a drainage hole, 3 is a retractable bracket, 31 is an inner tube, 32 is an outer tube, 33 is a track, 331 is a limit block, 34 is a sliding bar, 341 is a fixed block, 35 is a seal, 36 is a rotating motor, 37 is a screw, 38 is a nut, 4 is an optical sensor, 41 is a light source, 42 is a light receiver, 43 is a protective cover, 5 is an injection device, 51 is a fixed frame, 52 is an air compressor, 53 is an outer shell, 54 is an injection head, 6 is a heating device, 61 is a heating rod, 62 is a temperature sensor, 7 is a photoelectric sensor, 8 is a controller, 9 is a battery, 10 is a wind vane, and 55 is a water spray head. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0036] The specific embodiments are as follows:

[0037] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown; the present invention discloses an anti-snow tracking photovoltaic bracket, comprising a rotating base 1, a photovoltaic module 2, a supporting device, a snow monitoring system, a snow removal device, a tracking device and a control device;

[0038] The photovoltaic assembly 2 includes a frame 21 and a solar panel 22, wherein the frame 21 is installed around the solar panel 22;

[0039] The supporting device includes a retractable bracket 3, four retractable brackets 3 are vertically arranged at the four corners of the solar panel 22, the bottom end of the retractable bracket 3 is fixedly connected to the rotating base 1, the top end of the retractable bracket 3 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the solar panel 22, and a limit device for limiting the telescopic length is fixed on the retractable bracket 3;

[0040] A wind force and direction detection system, the wind force and direction detection system comprises a wind vane 10, and the wind vane 10 is fixed to the side end of the frame 21;

[0041] The snow monitoring system includes optical sensors 4, which are located at the four corners and the center of the top surface of the frame 21;

[0042] The snow removal device includes an air jet device 5, a water spray device and a heating device 6. The air jet device 5 and the water spray device are arranged above both sides of the solar panel 22, and the heating device 6 is fixed around the top of the frame 21;

[0043] The tracking device is a photoelectric sensor 7, and a plurality of photoelectric sensors 7 are mounted on the outside of the frame 21;

[0044] The control device includes a controller 8, a photoelectric sensor 7, a computing module for analyzing the trajectory of the sun, and a battery 9 for providing power. The controller 8 and the battery 9 are installed inside the rotating base 1. The wind vane 10, the photoelectric sensor 7 and the optical sensor 4 are electrically connected to the computing module. The computing module, the retractable bracket 3, the rotating base 1, the jet device 5, the water spray device heating device 6 are electrically connected to the controller 8.

[0045] The photoelectric sensor 7 in the tracking device of the present invention can accurately sense the direction and intensity changes of sunlight. Multiple photoelectric sensors 7 are distributed on the outside of the frame 21, which can fully capture the lighting information at different angles. The computing module accurately analyzes the trajectory of the sun's movement based on the data transmitted by the photoelectric sensor 7, and transmits the command to the controller 8. The controller 8 then drives the rotating base 1 to rotate horizontally and the retractable bracket 3 to adjust the angle in the vertical direction, so that the solar panel 22 always faces the sun at the best angle. This dynamic tracking mechanism can significantly improve the efficiency of receiving solar energy. Compared with traditional fixed brackets, the power generation efficiency can be increased by about 20% to 35%, ensuring that the photovoltaic components 2 can maximize the use of solar energy resources in different time periods and seasons, thereby increasing photovoltaic power generation;

[0046] Through the coordinated action of the retractable bracket 3 and the rotating base 1, the pitch angle and azimuth angle of the solar panel 22 can be adjusted in real time to adapt to the changes in the solar altitude angle and azimuth angle. During the day, when the solar altitude angle changes from low to high and then to low, the retractable bracket 3 is retracted to change the inclination of the solar panel 22, so that the sunlight always shines nearly vertically on the surface of the solar panel 22, reducing the loss of light reflection and refraction, improving the utilization rate of light energy, and further improving the power generation efficiency;

[0047] The optical sensors 4 in the snow monitoring system are distributed at the four corners and the center of the top surface of the frame 21, and can comprehensively and sensitively detect the snow accumulation on the surface of the solar panel 22. The optical sensor 4 uses the reflection and refraction characteristics of light. When there is snow cover, the light signal changes, and the sensor quickly transmits the snow information to the calculation module and the controller 8. This precise monitoring can detect snow accumulation in time, provide an accurate basis for subsequent snow removal actions, and avoid a sharp drop in power generation efficiency due to excessive snow blocking the solar panel 22 for a long time;

[0048] The jet device 5 of the snow removal device is arranged above both sides of the solar panel 22. When the controller 8 receives the snow accumulation signal, the jet device 5 can be started, and the high-speed airflow is sprayed onto the surface of the solar panel 22 to blow away the snow, which is particularly effective for newly accumulated and relatively loose snow. The water spray device sprays water on the solar panel 22 to accelerate the melting of snow and clean the surface of the solar panel 22 in the presence of dust; the heating device 6 is fixed around the top of the frame 21. For thicker snow or snow frozen on the solar panel 22 due to low temperature, the heating device 6 can heat the edge of the snow to melt the snow and form a water flow channel, causing the snow to slide off as a whole. The synergistic effect of the two can quickly remove the snow on the surface of the solar panel 22, reduce the impact time of snow accumulation on power generation, and effectively reduce the power generation loss caused by snow accumulation by more than 35% in snowy areas, ensuring the stable operation of the photovoltaic power station in snowy periods such as winter;

[0049] The bottom end of the retractable bracket 3 is fixedly connected to the rotating base 1, and the top end is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the solar panel 22 to form a stable support structure. In addition, a limit device is fixed on the retractable bracket 3 to effectively prevent the bracket from over-extending, avoiding problems such as excessive tilt angle or structural damage of the solar panel 22 due to uncontrolled extension, ensuring the structural stability and safety of the photovoltaic bracket under various operating conditions, and extending the service life of the equipment by 8 to 12 years;

[0050] The controller 8 in the control device is a core component that receives information from the photoelectric sensor 7, the optical sensor 4 and the computing module to realize intelligent automatic control of the entire photovoltaic support system. Without frequent manual intervention, the support angle can be automatically adjusted according to the changes in the position of the sun and the snow accumulation, and the snow removal device can be started, etc., which improves the operational reliability and efficiency of the system and reduces the cost and labor intensity of manual operation and maintenance. At the same time, the battery 9 provides power support for the entire control device, ensuring that the control device can still operate normally for a period of time in the event of power outages or insufficient light, maintaining the basic functions of the system and data monitoring and transmission, and further improving the stability and adaptability of the system.

[0051] In this embodiment, the wind direction anemometer adopts a sensor of FST200-205 that integrates wind speed and wind direction. The wind speed and wind direction integrated sensor is small in size, easy to carry, simple to install, and has a beautiful appearance; it has strong corrosion resistance and weather resistance; high measurement accuracy, wide range, and good stability; low power consumption, strong anti-interference ability, and can work stably for a long time; the power supply adaptability range is wide, the data information linearity is good, and the signal transmission distance is long; the wind force and wind direction meter 10 can accurately and real-time measure the wind force size and wind direction of the environment where the photovoltaic bracket is located. By fixing it on the side end of the frame 21, it is in a relatively open position, which can effectively avoid the interference of surrounding objects on the wind field measurement, so as to obtain accurate wind data, such as wind speed, wind direction angle and other information; in the actual application process, the detected wind force and wind direction data will be transmitted to the calculation module of the photovoltaic bracket, and the command will be transmitted to the control device according to the data model pre-stored in the calculation module (establishing a wind direction wind force intensity-solar panel angle relationship model, sorting the wind direction wind force data and the corresponding appropriate solar panel angle data, and establishing a prediction model). Based on this meteorological information, the control device can adjust the angle of the photovoltaic components to reduce wind resistance when the wind is strong, thereby avoiding damage to the solar panels or excessive stress on the support structure due to direct impact of strong winds.

[0052] In this embodiment, the rotating base 1 includes an upper base 11 and a lower base 12. The upper base 11 is sleeved on the outside of the lower base 12 with a gap. A servo motor 13 is fixed at the bottom center of the lower base 12. The output shaft of the servo motor 13 is vertically arranged upward. The output shaft of the servo motor 13 is fixedly connected to the center of the upper base 11, and the servo motor 13 is electrically connected to the controller 8.

[0053] The electrical connection between the servo motor 13 and the controller 8 in the present invention enables it to be perfectly integrated into the intelligent control system of the entire photovoltaic support. The controller 8 can flexibly adjust the speed, direction and running time of the servo motor 13 according to different environmental conditions and power generation needs. Specifically, during periods when sunlight changes more slowly, the controller 8 can reduce the speed of the servo motor 13 to reduce energy consumption and equipment wear; and when it is necessary to quickly adjust the angle of the solar panel 22 to adapt to sudden changes in light (such as the sudden appearance of sunlight after being blocked by clouds), the controller 8 can increase the power and speed of the servo motor 13 to achieve rapid response. This intelligent collaborative working mechanism improves the adaptability and efficiency of the entire photovoltaic support system, enabling the system to operate efficiently in various complex natural environments;

[0054] The design of the upper base 11 and the lower base 12 and the layout of the servo motor 13 located at the bottom center of the lower base 12 make the structure of the rotating base 1 compact and reasonable; this structural design is not only conducive to the effective transmission of power, but also provides convenient space for the installation of other components (such as controller 8, battery 9, etc.).

[0055] In this embodiment, the retractable bracket 3 includes an inner tube 31 and an outer tube 32. The outer diameter of the inner tube 31 is smaller than the inner diameter of the outer tube 32. A plurality of tracks 33 are axially arranged on the inner wall of the outer tube 32. A sliding bar 34 slidably connected to the track 33 is arranged on the outer wall of the inner tube 31. A seal 35 is arranged at the connection between the outer tube 32 and the inner tube 31. The seal 35 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the outer tube 32, and the seal 35 abuts against the outer wall of the inner tube 31. A rotating motor 36 is fixedly connected to the inner bottom of the outer tube 32, and a screw 37 is fixedly connected to the output end of the rotating motor 36. A nut 38 matching the screw 37 is fixedly fixed to the bottom of the inner tube 31, and the rotating motor 36 is electrically connected to the controller 8.

[0056] The rotary motor 36 of the present invention drives the screw 37 to rotate under the precise control of the controller 8. Since the nut 38 is fixed at the bottom of the inner tube 31, the inner tube 31 can achieve stable up and down movement through the sliding connection between the sliding bar 34 and the inner wall track 33 of the outer tube 32, thereby ensuring the smoothness and stability of the extension and retraction of the inner tube 31 in the outer tube 32, so that the retractable bracket 3 has a larger extension and retraction range. This transmission mode can achieve highly accurate positioning. In the process of gradual change of the solar altitude angle, the controller 8 accurately controls the forward and reverse rotation and the number of revolutions of the rotating motor 36 according to the information of the photoelectric sensor 7 and the operation module, so that the inner tube 31 can be extended or retracted to a suitable length, so that the solar panel 22 can be adjusted within a larger pitch angle range to adapt to the significant changes in the solar altitude angle in different seasons and different geographical locations; specifically, in low-latitude areas in summer when the solar altitude angle is large, the bracket can be retracted to a shorter length to keep the solar panel 22 at a relatively small tilt angle; and in high-latitude areas in winter when the solar altitude angle is small, the bracket can be extended to increase the tilt angle of the solar panel 22, ensuring that solar radiation can be efficiently received throughout the year, thereby improving the adaptability of the photovoltaic bracket to different environments;

[0057] The seal 35 provided at the connection between the outer tube 32 and the inner tube 31 effectively prevents impurities such as dust, moisture, and sand from entering the interior of the telescopic mechanism, ensuring that the telescopic bracket 3 maintains good working performance during long-term operation, reducing the number of fault repairs caused by impurity intrusion, and extending the overall service life of the equipment.

[0058] In this embodiment, the limiting device includes a limiting block 331 and a fixing block 341 . The limiting block 331 is fixed to the top of the track 33 , and the fixing block 341 is fixed to the bottom of the slide bar.

[0059] In the present invention, when the inner tube 31 of the telescopic bracket 3 is driven by the rotating motor 36 to telescope along the outer tube 32, the fixed block 341 fixed at the bottom of the slide bar will move together with the inner tube 31. Once the inner tube 31 is extended to the limit position, the fixed block 341 will collide with the limit block 331 fixed at the top of the track 33. This hard contact limit mode can very accurately prevent the inner tube 31 from continuing to extend outward, thereby effectively preventing the inner tube 31 from being separated from the outer tube 32 and the connection failure between the screw 37 and the nut 38 due to excessive extension and contraction, thereby ensuring the integrity and stability of the structure of the telescopic bracket 3.

[0060] In this embodiment, the optical sensor 4 includes a light source 41 and a light receiver 42. The light source 41 is arranged at the four corners of the top surface of the frame 21, and the light receiver 42 corresponding to the light source 41 is installed at the center of the top surface of the solar panel 22. The light receiver 42 is electrically connected to the operation module.

[0061] In this embodiment, a light intensity-snow thickness relationship model is established:

[0062] First, a calibration test is conducted, that is, the intensity of light received by the optical receiver is measured when the snow thickness is known;

[0063] The test time is recorded as D, the test environment is recorded as T, snow with a thickness of H is laid on the solar panel, and the light intensity value received by the light receiver is recorded as A; where H starts from 0cm (no snow state), and the snow thickness is gradually increased in small intervals of 0 and 5cm. After the thickness is increased, wait for 10 minutes, and the light intensity value A is measured when the snow state is stable;

[0064] At each time, environmental condition and certain snow thickness, multiple measurements are taken to obtain multiple values ​​A, and the average value is calculated. The data is sorted, a prediction model is established, and the prediction model is placed in the calculation module;

[0065] In actual application, according to the current time and environmental conditions, the detected light intensity value A is input into the calculation module to determine the thickness of the snow.

[0066] The present invention sets a light source 41 at each of the four corners of the top surface of the frame 21, which can project light to the top surface of the solar panel 22 from multiple angles. In conjunction with the light receiver 42 located at the center of the top surface of the solar panel 22, a relatively comprehensive coverage monitoring of the entire surface area of ​​the solar panel 22 can be achieved; specifically, once snow accumulates, light will be reflected, refracted and scattered on the snow surface, resulting in a significant change in the light intensity received by the light receiver 42. By pre-calibrating the change in light intensity under conditions of no snow accumulation and snow accumulation of different thicknesses, the calculation module can more accurately infer the thickness of snow accumulation, coverage area and other conditions based on the real-time light intensity data transmitted by the light receiver 42. For example, as the thickness of snow increases, the light intensity received by the light receiver 42 will gradually weaken. According to the established intensity-thickness correspondence model, the snow thickness information can be accurately obtained, providing a reliable basis for the reasonable start-up of the subsequent snow removal device and effective snow removal.

[0067] In actual application, dust can easily accumulate on the surface of solar panels, affecting the power generation rate of solar panels. The optical sensor in the present invention can also detect the dust accumulation on the solar panels, establish a light intensity-dust thickness relationship model, sort out the dust thickness and the obtained light intensity data, establish a prediction model, and place the prediction model in the calculation module. When the dust thickness reaches the estimated value, turn on the jet device to blow away the dust.

[0068] In this embodiment, a protective cover 43 is provided outside the light source 41 and the light receiver 42 .

[0069] The protective cover 43 of the present invention can provide a physical barrier for the light source 41 and the light receiver 42, avoid physical damage to the optical components, extend their service life, reduce snow monitoring system failures caused by damage to the optical components, and improve the stability and reliability of the entire photovoltaic support system.

[0070] In this embodiment, the jet device 5 includes a fixing frame 51, an air compressor 52 and a jet nozzle. The air compressor 52 is installed on the top of the upper base 11. The jet nozzle includes an outer shell 53 and a plurality of jet heads 54. The fixing frames 51 are fixed on both sides of the frame 21. The outer shell 53 is fixed on the top of the fixing frame 51. The plurality of jet heads 54 are evenly arranged inside the outer shell. The air compressor 52 is connected to the plurality of jet heads 54, and the air compressor 52 is electrically connected to the controller 8.

[0071] The water spray device includes a water spray head 55 , and a plurality of water spray heads 55 are evenly arranged inside the outer shell 53 . The water spray heads 55 and the air spray heads 54 are spaced apart from each other. The water spray heads 55 are connected to an external water source, and the water spray heads 55 are electrically connected to the controller 8 .

[0072] The multiple jet heads 54 of the jet nozzle of the present invention are evenly arranged inside the outer shell, and are fixed at the upper positions on both sides of the frame 21 through the fixing frame 51, so as to form a relatively wide coverage area on the surface of the solar panel 22. When the air compressor 52 starts working under the command of the controller 8 and delivers compressed air to the jet heads 54 and sprays it out, the high-speed airflows sprayed simultaneously by the multiple jet heads 54 can impact the snow and dust on the surface of the solar panel 22 over a large area.

[0073] The water spray head 55 of the water spray device of the present invention sprays water outward under the control of the controller. After the water is sprayed onto the snow, on the one hand, it can increase the weight of the snow, making it easier to slide down under the action of gravity; on the other hand, in an environment with a slightly higher temperature, water can accelerate the melting of the snow, so that the snow can be removed from the solar panel more quickly. The combination of jet and water spray can cope with snow in different states. For example, for thick and compact snow, the structure is first loosened by spraying water, and then the jet is used to blow it away, which greatly improves the efficiency and effect of snow removal, reduces the time that snow affects the lighting of the solar panel, and ensures the efficiency of photovoltaic power generation. At the same time, in the absence of snow, the dust and debris on the surface of the solar panel 22 can be cleaned.

[0074] In this embodiment, the heating device 6 includes a heating rod 61 and a temperature sensor 62. The heating rod 61 is fixed on the frame 21 around the solar panel 22. Four temperature sensors 62 are evenly fixed on the surface of the solar panel 22. The heating rod 61 is connected to the controller 8, and the temperature sensor 62 is connected to the controller 8.

[0075] The heating rod 61 of the present invention is fixed on the frame 21 around the solar panel 22, and can heat the solar panel 22 from the edge thereof. When the heating device 6 is started, the heat generated by the heating rod 61 will be gradually transferred to the surface of the solar panel 22 through heat conduction, thereby causing the snow covering the solar panel 22 to melt. Since the four temperature sensors 62 are evenly fixed on the surface of the solar panel 22, they can monitor the temperature conditions at different positions of the solar panel 22 in real time. The controller 8 can accurately control the power of the heating rod 61 according to the temperature information fed back by the temperature sensor 62, ensure that the temperature of the entire surface of the solar panel 22 is relatively uniform, avoid local overheating or insufficient heating, and prevent high temperature from causing explosion damage to the glass of the photovoltaic module. In this way, the accumulated snow on the solar panel 22 can be melted evenly, forming a continuous water flow channel, which is more conducive to the overall sliding of the accumulated snow, effectively improving the snow removal efficiency, reducing the blocking time of the accumulated snow on the solar panel 22 lighting, and ensuring the efficiency of photovoltaic power generation.

[0076] In this embodiment, different snow accumulation conditions (such as thickness, humidity, freezing degree, etc.) may require different heating intensities and durations to achieve the best snow removal effect.

[0077] In this embodiment, the controller 8 is also connected to a remote monitoring center via a communication module, and the monitoring center is used to monitor the operating status and snow accumulation of the photovoltaic support.

[0078] The remote monitoring center of the present invention can receive various operating status information of the photovoltaic support transmitted from the controller 8 in real time, including the telescopic position of the telescopic support 3, the rotation angle of the rotating base 1, the lighting angle of the solar panel 22, the operating status of the snow removal device (jet device 5, heating device 6) and the detection data of various sensors (optical sensor 4, temperature sensor 62, photoelectric sensor 7, etc.). This allows the operation and maintenance personnel to fully and detailedly understand the specific operating status of the photovoltaic support system at any time in the remote monitoring center without having to go to the site in person.

[0079] In this embodiment, a plurality of drainage holes 23 are formed around the frame 21 .

[0080] In the case of snow accumulation, when the heating device 6 works to melt the snow, or in rainy weather, a large amount of snow water and rain water will accumulate on the surface of the solar panel 22. The multiple drainage holes 23 opened on the side of the frame 21 can provide a convenient drainage channel for the accumulated water, ensuring that the snow water and rain water can flow away from the surface of the solar panel 22 in a timely and smooth manner, avoiding the accumulated water staying on the solar panel 22 for a long time, causing damage to the solar panel 22, and extending the service life of the equipment.

[0081] The working principle of the anti-snow tracking photovoltaic bracket of the present invention is as follows: first, the photoelectric sensor 7 installed on the outside of the frame 21 senses the direction and intensity of the sunlight, and transmits the detected sunlight information to the operation module in real time. After receiving the data from the photoelectric sensor 7, the operation module analyzes the trajectory of the sun through the built-in algorithm, thereby determining the current position of the sun and the trend of the change of the sun's position. The controller 8 generates instructions according to the data of the operation module, controls the servo motor 13 and the rotating motor 36 to drive the upper base 11 to rotate horizontally, so as to adjust the azimuth angle of the solar panel 22. The rotating motor 36 drives the screw 37 to rotate, and drives the inner tube 31 to extend and retract in the outer tube 32 through the nut 38, so as to adjust the pitch angle of the solar panel 22. Through the coordinated cooperation of these two angle adjustment methods, it is ensured that the solar panel 22 can be aligned with the sunlight in real time, and the photovoltaic power generation efficiency is maximized;

[0082] Secondly, when it snows, the light source 41 emits light to the surface of the solar panel, and the light is refracted, reflected and scattered on the surface of the snow, causing the light intensity received by the light receiver 42 to change. The light receiver 42 transmits the received light intensity information to the calculation module in real time. The calculation module determines the thickness of the snow, the coverage area, etc. according to the relationship between the pre-calibrated light intensity and the snow condition. The controller 8 makes snow removal decisions based on the snow condition information transmitted by the calculation module, combined with the current sunlight conditions and the operating status of the photovoltaic bracket. If the snow accumulation reaches the level that needs to be handled, the controller 8 will issue a command to start the snow removal device to perform snow removal operations; the compressed air is ejected through multiple jet nozzles 54 fixed on the upper sides of the frame 21 to form a high-speed airflow to impact the snow on the surface of the solar panel 22, blowing away the snow. The water spray head 55 sprays water outward under the control of the controller to clean the snow. The heating rod 61 of the heating device 6 is fixed on the frame 21 around the solar panel 22. When the controller 8 starts the heating device 6, the heating rod 61 generates heat to increase the surface temperature of the solar panel 22 through heat conduction, melt the edge of the snow, form a water flow channel, and promote the overall sliding of the snow. During the snow removal process, the temperature sensor 62 on the heating device 6 will monitor the surface temperature of the solar panel 22 in real time, and feed back the temperature information to the controller 8. The controller 8 adjusts the power of the heating rod 61 in time according to the temperature conditions to ensure that the surface temperature of the solar panel 22 can effectively melt the snow and will not be too high to damage the solar panel 22.

[0083] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside" and "outside" etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0084] In the description of the present invention, it is also necessary to explain that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "set", "install", "connect", and "connect" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0085] The embodiments described above are only descriptions of the preferred modes of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field should all fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A snow-proof tracking photovoltaic bracket, characterized in that: include Swivel base; A photovoltaic assembly, the photovoltaic assembly comprising a frame and a solar panel, the frame being installed around the solar panel; A supporting device, the supporting device comprising a retractable bracket, four of the retractable brackets are vertically arranged at the four corners of the solar panel, the bottom end of the retractable bracket is fixedly connected to the rotating base, the top end of the retractable bracket is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the solar panel, and a limiting device for limiting the telescopic length is fixed on the retractable bracket; A wind force and direction detection system, the wind force and direction detection system comprising a wind vane, the wind vane being fixed to a side end of the frame; A snow monitoring system, the snow monitoring system comprising optical sensors located at the four corners and the center of the top surface of the frame; A snow removal device, the snow removal device comprising an air jet device, a water spray device and a heating device, the air jet device and the water spray device are arranged above both sides of the solar panel, and the heating device is fixed around the top of the frame; A tracking device, wherein the tracking device is a photoelectric sensor, and a plurality of the photoelectric sensors are mounted on the outside of the frame; A control device, the control device includes a controller, a computing module for analyzing the trajectory of the sun, and a battery for providing power, the controller and the battery are installed inside the rotating base, the wind vane, the photoelectric sensor and the optical sensor are all electrically connected to the computing module, and the computing module, the retractable bracket, the rotating base, the jet device, the water spray device, and the heating device are electrically connected to the controller.

2. The anti-snow tracking photovoltaic bracket according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating base includes an upper base and a lower base, the upper base is sleeved on the outside of the lower base and has a gap, a servo motor is fixed at the bottom center of the lower base, the output shaft of the servo motor is vertically arranged upward, the output shaft of the servo motor is fixedly connected to the center of the upper base, and the servo motor is electrically connected to the controller.

3. The anti-snow tracking photovoltaic bracket according to claim 2, characterized in that: The retractable bracket includes an inner tube and an outer tube, a plurality of tracks are axially arranged on the inner wall of the outer tube, a sliding bar slidably connected to the tracks is arranged on the outer wall of the inner tube, and a sealing member is arranged at the connection between the outer tube and the inner tube; a rotating motor is fixed to the inner bottom of the outer tube, a screw is fixedly connected to the output end of the rotating motor, a nut matching the screw is fixed to the bottom of the inner tube, and the rotating motor is electrically connected to the controller.

4. The anti-snow tracking photovoltaic bracket according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The limiting device comprises a limiting block and a fixing block, wherein the limiting block is fixed to the top of the track, and the fixing block is fixed to the bottom of the slide bar.

5. The anti-snow tracking photovoltaic bracket according to claim 1, characterized in that: The optical sensor includes a light source and a light receiver. The light sources are arranged at the four corners of the top surface of the frame, and the light receiver corresponding to the light source is installed at the center of the top surface of the solar panel. The light receiver is electrically connected to the operation module.

6. The anti-snow tracking photovoltaic bracket according to claim 5, characterized in that: A protective cover is provided outside the light source and the light receiver.

7. The anti-snow tracking photovoltaic bracket according to claim 1, characterized in that: The jet device comprises a fixing frame, an air compressor and a jet nozzle, wherein the air compressor is mounted on the top of the upper base, and the jet nozzle comprises an outer shell and a plurality of jet heads, the fixing frames are fixed on both sides of the frame, the outer shell is fixed on the top of the fixing frame, the plurality of jet heads are evenly arranged inside the outer shell, the air compressor is in communication with the plurality of jet heads, and the air compressor is electrically connected to the controller; The water spray device comprises a water spray head, a plurality of the water spray heads are evenly arranged inside the outer shell, the water spray heads are spaced apart from the air spray heads, the water spray heads are connected to an external water source, and the water spray heads are electrically connected to the control.

8. The anti-snow tracking photovoltaic bracket according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heating device includes a heating rod and a temperature sensor. The heating rod is fixed on the frame around the solar panel. Four temperature sensors are evenly fixed on the surface of the solar panel. The heating rod is electrically connected to the controller, and the temperature sensor is connected to the controller.

9. The anti-snow tracking photovoltaic bracket according to claim 1, characterized in that: The controller is also connected to the remote monitoring center via a communication module, and the monitoring center is used to monitor the operating status and snow accumulation of the photovoltaic support.

10. The anti-snow tracking photovoltaic bracket according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of drainage holes are provided on the peripheral side of the frame.

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