Signal transmission method for electrical signal equipment

Abstract

The invention discloses a signal transmission method for electrical signal equipment, which relates to the technical field of electrical signal transmission, and comprises the following steps: acquiring an analog signal of a first circuit node, and converting the analog signal into a first differential signal through a differential amplification circuit; performing high-speed sampling on the first differential signal to generate a first sampling sequence, and coding the first sampling sequence into a plurality of digital signal packets based on a preset quantization threshold value; converting the digital signal packet into an optical signal sequence through a photoelectric conversion module, wherein the optical signal sequence is transmitted in an optical fiber channel according to a time division multiplexing mode; and receiving the optical signal sequence by using a photoelectric detector at a receiving end, converting the optical signal sequence into a second differential signal, eliminating time delay distortion in the second differential signal through a compensation circuit, and restoring an analog signal. According to the invention, the compensation circuit is adopted at the receiving end to eliminate time delay distortion, high-quality reduction of signals is realized, and the problems of insufficient anti-interference capability and limited transmission distance in traditional electrical signal transmission are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of electrical signal transmission, and in particular to a signal transmission method for electrical signal equipment. Background Art

[0002] Traditional electrical signal transmission methods often encounter problems such as crosstalk, electromagnetic interference, and limited transmission distance when facing high-frequency signals. To solve these problems, the industry has begun to use fiber-optic communication technology to achieve long-distance transmission of electrical signals. Existing technologies usually use direct optical transmission solutions with analog modulation, or use simple digital coding methods to convert electrical signals into optical signals for transmission. However, these solutions often have problems such as low signal-to-noise ratio and insufficient anti-interference ability during signal acquisition, code conversion, and transmission. At the same time, due to the influence of fiber dispersion effect and mode dispersion, signal distortion often occurs at the receiving end, resulting in a decrease in signal restoration accuracy.

[0003] At present, most signal transmission systems lack an effective differential processing mechanism in the signal acquisition link and are easily affected by common-mode interference; in the signal encoding process, due to the lack of reasonable quantization strategies and coding schemes, the dynamic range of the signal is limited, and there is a problem of large quantization noise. In addition, the existing technology generally adopts a single modulation method in the photoelectric conversion process, fails to fully utilize the bandwidth resources of the optical fiber channel, and has low transmission efficiency. In terms of signal processing at the receiving end, the existing technology mainly relies on simple filtering circuits for signal reconstruction, lacks an effective compensation mechanism for channel distortion, and is difficult to ensure the integrity and accuracy of the restored signal. These technical problems seriously restrict the promotion and application of electrical signal transmission systems in high-speed and high-precision application scenarios. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the problems that the existing electrical signal transmission system has insufficient anti-interference ability, low transmission efficiency and poor signal restoration accuracy during signal acquisition, encoding conversion and transmission, the present invention is proposed.

[0005] Therefore, the problem to be solved by the present invention is how to provide an electrical signal transmission method that can effectively suppress common-mode interference, improve transmission efficiency and ensure high-precision restoration of the signal at the receiving end.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a signal transmission method for an electrical signal device.

[0008] The method includes collecting an analog signal of a first circuit node, converting the analog signal into a first differential signal through a differential amplifier circuit; performing high-speed sampling on the first differential signal to generate a first sampling sequence, encoding the first sampling sequence into a plurality of digital signal packets based on a preset quantization threshold; converting the digital signal packets into an optical signal sequence through an optoelectronic conversion module, wherein the optical signal sequence is transmitted in an optical fiber channel according to a time division multiplexing method; receiving the optical signal sequence at a receiving end using a photodetector and converting it into a second differential signal, eliminating the time delay distortion in the second differential signal through a compensation circuit, and restoring the analog signal.

[0009] As a preferred solution of the signal transmission method for electrical signal equipment described in the present invention, the method for restoring the analog signal is as follows: the receiving end uses an array photodetector to receive the optical signal sequence and convert the optical signal sequence into a second differential signal, wherein the photodetector includes a pre-transimpedance amplifier circuit and an automatic gain control circuit; the second differential signal is processed by a distortion compensation circuit, and the compensation parameters are dynamically adjusted by an adaptive algorithm to eliminate the delay distortion and dispersion distortion generated during the transmission of the second differential signal, wherein the distortion compensation circuit includes a feedforward equalization unit and a feedback equalization unit; the processed second differential signal is filtered out of noise and interference components through a bandpass filter, and the analog signal corresponding to the transmitting end is restored through a differential amplifier to complete the signal transmission.

[0010] As a preferred solution of the signal transmission method for electrical signal equipment described in the present invention, the feedforward equalization unit pre-compensates the frequency response of the second differential signal through a finite impulse response filter; and the feedback equalization unit eliminates the remaining inter-symbol interference by using the determined symbol information.

[0011] As a preferred solution of the signal transmission method for electrical signal equipment of the present invention, wherein: the digital signal packet is converted into an optical signal sequence through a photoelectric conversion module, wherein the optical signal sequence is transmitted in an optical fiber channel according to a time division multiplexing method, including: the digital signal packet is converted into an optical signal sequence through a photoelectric conversion module, wherein the photoelectric conversion module includes a signal modulation unit and a laser emission unit; the signal modulation unit receives the digital signal packet and modulates it into a driving current, and the specific formula is as follows:

[0012] I d =I bias +I mod ·d;

[0013] Among them, I d is the driving current, I bias is the bias current, I mod is the modulation current, and d is the digital signal.

[0014] The laser emitting unit is driven by the driving current to generate an optical signal sequence, and the optical signal sequence enters the optical fiber channel through a time slot distributor, wherein the time slot distributor divides the transmission bandwidth of the optical fiber channel into a plurality of transmission time slots according to a preset time slot division rule, and the time length of each transmission time slot matches the transmission time of the digital signal packet; the optical signal sequence is sequentially distributed to each transmission time slot in a time division multiplexing manner through the time slot distributor, and the time slot division and alignment are performed through a frame synchronization header identifier, wherein the optical fiber channel is provided with a dispersion compensating optical fiber segment; the dispersion characteristics of the dispersion compensating optical fiber segment are opposite to the dispersion characteristics of the optical fiber channel.

[0015] As a preferred solution of the signal transmission method for electrical signal equipment described in the present invention, wherein: the method for acquiring the digital signal packet is to perform high-speed sampling through a dual-channel sampling circuit, and synchronously sample the positive signal and the negative signal of the first differential signal according to a preset sampling frequency to generate a first sampling sequence, wherein the first sampling channel of the dual-channel sampling circuit is connected to the in-phase output end of the differential amplifier circuit; the second sampling channel of the dual-channel sampling circuit is connected to the inverting output end of the differential amplifier circuit; the first sampling sequence is sent to a quantization coding circuit, wherein the quantization coding circuit includes a preset quantization threshold, and the specific formula is as follows;

[0016] V th (k,t)=V ref ·(1+γ·sinh(δk))·e -μ ;

[0017] Among them, V th (k, t) is the preset quantization threshold, V ref is the reference voltage value, k is the quantization level number, t is the time variable, γ is the nonlinear coefficient, δ is the quantization level weight factor, sinh() is the hyperbolic sine function, and μ is the dynamic adjustment coefficient.

[0018] The sampling points in the first sampling sequence are divided into different quantization intervals according to the preset quantization threshold by the quantization coding circuit, and the sampling points in each quantization interval are converted into corresponding binary codes, wherein the binary codes are packaged according to a preset data length to form a digital signal packet; and the frame header of the digital signal packet includes a synchronization identification code.

[0019] As a preferred solution of the signal transmission method for electrical signal equipment described in the present invention, the first differential signal is generated by setting a detection resistor at the first circuit node; one end of the detection resistor is connected to the positive input end of the differential amplifier circuit, and the other end is grounded; the reverse input end of the differential amplifier circuit is connected to the reference voltage source; when the analog signal passes through the detection resistor, the differential amplifier circuit converts the analog signal into a first differential signal according to the potential difference amplification factor of the analog signal and the reference voltage, wherein the amplification factor of the differential amplifier circuit is determined by the resistance ratio of the feedback resistor to the detection resistor, and the specific formula is as follows:

[0020]

[0021] Among them, G is the gain of the differential amplifier circuit, R f is the resistance of the feedback resistor, R s is the resistance value of the detection resistor, R1 is the internal gain setting resistor of the instrumentation amplifier, and R g is the external gain adjustment resistor.

[0022] As a preferred solution of the signal transmission method for electrical signal equipment described in the present invention, wherein: the first differential signal includes a positive signal and a negative signal; the positive signal is output from the in-phase output terminal of the differential amplifier circuit; the negative signal is output from the inverting output terminal of the differential amplifier circuit.

[0023] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a signal transmission system for an electrical signal device, comprising: a conversion module, used to collect an analog signal of a first circuit node, and convert the analog signal into a first differential signal through a differential amplifier circuit; an encoding module, used to perform high-speed sampling on the first differential signal to generate a first sampling sequence, and encode the first sampling sequence into a plurality of digital signal packets based on a preset quantization threshold; a conversion module, used to convert the digital signal packet into an optical signal sequence through an optoelectronic conversion module, wherein the optical signal sequence is transmitted in an optical fiber channel according to a time division multiplexing method; a restoration module, used to receive the optical signal sequence at a receiving end using a photodetector and convert it into a second differential signal, eliminate the delay distortion in the second differential signal through a compensation circuit, and restore the analog signal.

[0024] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a computer device, comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, wherein: when the computer program instructions are executed by the processor, the steps of the signal transmission method for electrical signal equipment as described in the first aspect of the present invention are implemented.

[0025] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein: when the computer program instructions are executed by a processor, the steps of the signal transmission method for an electrical signal device as described in the first aspect of the present invention are implemented.

[0026] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention converts analog signals by adopting a differential amplifier circuit, thereby achieving effective suppression of common-mode interference and improving signal acquisition quality; ensures the accuracy and efficiency of signal conversion through high-speed sampling and a coding scheme based on a preset quantization threshold; adopts a time-division multiplexed optical signal transmission method to fully utilize the bandwidth of the optical fiber channel and improve transmission efficiency; adopts a compensation circuit at the receiving end to eliminate time delay distortion and achieve high-quality signal restoration, which not only solves the problems of insufficient anti-interference ability and limited transmission distance in traditional electrical signal transmission, but also improves the reliability and accuracy of signal transmission. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for describing the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work. Among them:

[0028] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of a signal transmission method for an electrical signal device according to Embodiment 1. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0030] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art may make similar generalizations without violating the connotation of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0031] Secondly, the term "one embodiment" or "embodiment" as used herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The term "in one embodiment" that appears in different places in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor does it refer to a separate or selective embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments.

[0032] Example 1

[0033] Reference Figure 1, which is the first embodiment of the present invention, provides a signal transmission method for an electrical signal device, comprising:

[0034] S1: collecting an analog signal from a first circuit node, and converting the analog signal into a first differential signal through a differential amplifier circuit.

[0035] Specifically, the first differential signal is generated by setting a detection resistor at the first circuit node; one end of the detection resistor is connected to the positive input end of the differential amplifier circuit, and the other end is grounded; the reverse input end of the differential amplifier circuit is connected to a reference voltage source.

[0036] Furthermore, when the analog signal passes through the detection resistor, the differential amplifier circuit converts the analog signal into a first differential signal according to the potential difference amplification factor between the analog signal and the reference voltage, wherein the amplification factor of the differential amplifier circuit is determined by the resistance ratio of the feedback resistor to the detection resistor, and the specific formula is as follows:

[0037]

[0038] Among them, G is the gain of the differential amplifier circuit, R f is the resistance of the feedback resistor, R s is the resistance value of the detection resistor, R1 is the internal gain setting resistor of the instrumentation amplifier, and R g is the external gain adjustment resistor.

[0039] Furthermore, the first differential signal includes a positive signal and a negative signal; the positive signal is output from the in-phase output terminal of the differential amplifier circuit; and the negative signal is output from the inverting output terminal of the differential amplifier circuit.

[0040] S2: Perform high-speed sampling on the first differential signal to generate a first sampling sequence, and encode the first sampling sequence into a plurality of digital signal packets based on a preset quantization threshold.

[0041] Specifically, the method for acquiring the digital signal packet is to perform high-speed sampling through a dual-channel sampling circuit, and synchronously sample the positive signal and the negative signal of the first differential signal according to a preset sampling frequency to generate a first sampling sequence, wherein the first sampling channel of the dual-channel sampling circuit is connected to the in-phase output terminal of the differential amplifier circuit; the second sampling channel of the dual-channel sampling circuit is connected to the inverting output terminal of the differential amplifier circuit.

[0042] Further, the first sampling sequence is sent to a quantization coding circuit, wherein the quantization coding circuit includes a preset quantization threshold, and the specific formula is as follows;

[0043] V th (k,t)=V ref ·(1+γ·sinh(δk))·e -μ ;

[0044] Among them, V th (k, t) is the preset quantization threshold, V ref is the reference voltage value, k is the quantization level number, t is the time variable, γ is the nonlinear coefficient, δ is the quantization level weight factor, sinh() is the hyperbolic sine function, and μ is the dynamic adjustment coefficient.

[0045] Furthermore, the sampling points in the first sampling sequence are divided into different quantization intervals according to a preset quantization threshold through a quantization coding circuit, and the sampling points in each quantization interval are converted into corresponding binary codes, wherein the binary codes are packaged according to a preset data length to form a digital signal packet; the frame header of the digital signal packet includes a synchronization identification code.

[0046] Specifically, the sampling points in the first sampling sequence are divided into quantization intervals by using a preset quantization threshold, mainly divided into three main levels: a low voltage interval, a medium voltage interval and a high voltage interval.

[0047] Further, when the voltage value of the sampling point is lower than or equal to the first quantization threshold, it will be divided into the lowest quantization interval; when the voltage value of the sampling point is greater than the first quantization threshold but less than or equal to the second quantization threshold, it will be divided into the low voltage interval; when the voltage value of the sampling point is greater than the second quantization threshold but less than or equal to the third quantization threshold, it will be divided into the medium voltage interval; when the voltage value of the sampling point is greater than the third quantization threshold but less than or equal to the fourth quantization threshold, it will be divided into the high voltage interval; when the voltage value of the sampling point exceeds the fourth quantization threshold, it will be divided into the highest quantization interval.

[0048] It should be noted that the first quantization threshold is defined as the reference voltage value V ref 25% of the reference voltage value V ref 45% of the reference voltage V is used as the dividing point for the transition from the low voltage range to the medium voltage range. A nonlinear coefficient γ is introduced near this threshold for dynamic adjustment to ensure a smooth transition of the signal. The third quantization threshold is defined as the reference voltage value V ref 75% is the key point for the transition from the medium voltage range to the high voltage range. At this threshold, the reasonable quantization of the large signal is achieved by adjusting the quantization level weight factor δ. The fourth quantization threshold is defined as the reference voltage value V ref 95% of the value constitutes the upper limit of the high voltage range. Signals exceeding this threshold will be specially processed through the dynamic adjustment coefficient μ to prevent signal distortion. These four quantization thresholds are modulated by the hyperbolic sine function sinh.

[0049] Furthermore, for the sampling points at the boundary of the quantization interval, transition intervals and hysteresis intervals are set for processing to avoid quantization jitter. When the voltage value of the sampling point exceeds the overall quantization range, it is placed in the overflow interval and specially marked; each quantization interval corresponds to a unique binary code for the subsequent generation of digital signal packets.

[0050] S3: Convert the digital signal packet into an optical signal sequence through an optoelectronic conversion module, wherein the optical signal sequence is transmitted in an optical fiber channel according to a time division multiplexing method.

[0051] Specifically, the digital signal packet is converted into an optical signal sequence through a photoelectric conversion module, wherein the photoelectric conversion module includes a signal modulation unit and a laser emission unit; the signal modulation unit receives the digital signal packet and modulates it into a driving current, and the specific formula is as follows:

[0052] I d =I bias +I mod ·d;

[0053] Among them, I d is the driving current, I bias is the bias current, I mod is the modulation current, and d is the digital signal.

[0054] Furthermore, a laser emission unit is driven by a driving current to generate an optical signal sequence, and the optical signal sequence enters the optical fiber channel through a time slot distributor, wherein the time slot distributor divides the transmission bandwidth of the optical fiber channel into a plurality of transmission time slots according to a preset time slot division rule, and the time length of each transmission time slot matches the transmission time of the digital signal packet.

[0055] Furthermore, the optical signal sequence is sequentially allocated to each transmission time slot in a time division multiplexing manner through a time slot allocator, and the time slots are divided and aligned through a frame synchronization header identifier, wherein the optical fiber channel is provided with a dispersion compensating optical fiber segment; the dispersion characteristics of the dispersion compensating optical fiber segment are opposite to the dispersion characteristics of the optical fiber channel.

[0056] S4: receiving the optical signal sequence at the receiving end by using a photodetector and converting it into a second differential signal, eliminating the time delay distortion in the second differential signal by using a compensation circuit, and restoring the original analog signal.

[0057] Specifically, the receiving end uses an array photodetector to receive the optical signal sequence and convert the optical signal sequence into a second differential signal; the photodetector includes a pre-transimpedance amplifier circuit and an automatic gain control circuit.

[0058] Furthermore, the photodetector realizes multi-channel parallel reception through a photodiode array, and each photodiode unit is equipped with a pre-transimpedance amplifier circuit; the pre-transimpedance amplifier circuit is constructed with a low-noise operational amplifier to convert the weak photocurrent signal into a measurable voltage signal; at the same time, the automatic gain control circuit dynamically adjusts the amplifier gain by real-time monitoring of the output signal amplitude.

[0059] Furthermore, the second differential signal is processed by a distortion compensation circuit, and the compensation parameters are dynamically adjusted through an adaptive algorithm to eliminate the delay distortion and dispersion distortion generated during the transmission of the second differential signal, wherein the distortion compensation circuit includes a feedforward equalization unit and a feedback equalization unit.

[0060] Specifically, the distortion compensation circuit adopts digital signal processing technology; the feedforward equalization unit is implemented through a finite impulse response filter to pre-compensate the frequency response of the signal; the feedback equalization unit uses the judged symbol information to eliminate the remaining inter-symbol interference; the system uses an adaptive algorithm to continuously update the equalizer coefficients. The algorithm is based on the minimum mean square error criterion and adjusts the compensation parameters by calculating the error between the expected output and the actual output to achieve dynamic compensation for delay distortion and dispersion distortion.

[0061] It should be noted that the judged symbol information is a binary digital sequence processed by the decision threshold circuit; this sequence is obtained by comparing the received signal with the preset decision threshold. When the received signal level is higher than the decision threshold, it is judged as logic "1", and when it is lower than the decision threshold, it is judged as logic "0". These judged symbol information are used by the feedback equalization unit to construct a reference sequence, which is compared with the actual received signal to calculate the update amount of the equalizer coefficient to achieve effective compensation for the inter-symbol interference introduced by the transmission channel. The setting of the decision threshold adopts an adaptive method, which can be dynamically adjusted according to the statistical characteristics of the received signal to adapt to changes in channel conditions and improve the accuracy of the decision.

[0062] Furthermore, the processed second differential signal is filtered out of noise and interference components through a bandpass filter, and an analog signal corresponding to the transmitting end is restored through a differential amplifier to complete signal transmission.

[0063] It should be noted that the filter adopts a Butterworth response characteristic, with a flat passband and a steep stopband, which can effectively filter out noise and interference components outside the signal band; the second differential signal is finally processed by a high-precision differential amplifier, which adopts a high common-mode rejection ratio design, which can effectively suppress common-mode interference and accurately restore the analog signal waveform corresponding to the transmitter. The entire receiving process ensures the integrity and accuracy of the signal through precise timing control and synchronization mechanisms, and finally completes high-quality signal transmission.

[0064] Furthermore, the present embodiment also provides a signal transmission system for electrical signal equipment, comprising: a conversion module, used to collect an analog signal of a first circuit node, and convert the analog signal into a first differential signal through a differential amplifier circuit; an encoding module, used to perform high-speed sampling on the first differential signal to generate a first sampling sequence, and encode the first sampling sequence into a plurality of digital signal packets based on a preset quantization threshold; a conversion module, used to convert the digital signal packet into an optical signal sequence through an optoelectronic conversion module, wherein the optical signal sequence is transmitted in an optical fiber channel according to a time division multiplexing method; and a restoration module, used to receive the optical signal sequence at a receiving end using a photodetector and convert it into a second differential signal, and eliminate the time delay distortion in the second differential signal through a compensation circuit to restore the analog signal.

[0065] This embodiment also provides a computer device, which is suitable for the signal transmission method of electrical signal equipment, including a memory and a processor; the memory is used to store computer executable instructions, and the processor is used to execute computer executable instructions to implement the signal transmission method for electrical signal equipment proposed in the above embodiment.

[0066] The computer device may be a terminal, and the computer device includes a processor, a memory, a communication interface, a display screen and an input device connected via a system bus. The processor of the computer device is used to provide computing and control capabilities. The memory of the computer device includes a non-volatile storage medium and an internal memory. The non-volatile storage medium stores an operating system and a computer program. The internal memory provides an environment for the operation of the operating system and the computer program in the non-volatile storage medium. The communication interface of the computer device is used to communicate with an external terminal in a wired or wireless manner, and the wireless manner can be achieved through WIFI, an operator network, NFC (near field communication) or other technologies. The display screen of the computer device may be a liquid crystal display screen or an electronic ink display screen, and the input device of the computer device may be a touch layer covering the display screen, or a key, trackball or touchpad provided on the housing of the computer device, or an external keyboard, touchpad or mouse, etc.

[0067] This embodiment also provides a storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, and when the program is executed by a processor, the following steps are implemented: collecting an analog signal of a first circuit node, and converting the analog signal into a first differential signal through a differential amplifier circuit; performing high-speed sampling on the first differential signal to generate a first sampling sequence, and encoding the first sampling sequence into a plurality of digital signal packets based on a preset quantization threshold; converting the digital signal packet into an optical signal sequence through an optoelectronic conversion module, wherein the optical signal sequence is transmitted in an optical fiber channel according to a time division multiplexing method; receiving the optical signal sequence at a receiving end using a photodetector and converting it into a second differential signal, eliminating the time delay distortion in the second differential signal through a compensation circuit, and restoring the analog signal.

[0068] In summary, the present invention converts analog signals by using a differential amplifier circuit to achieve effective suppression of common-mode interference and improve signal acquisition quality; ensures the accuracy and efficiency of signal conversion through high-speed sampling and a coding scheme based on a preset quantization threshold; adopts a time-division multiplexed optical signal transmission method to fully utilize the bandwidth of the optical fiber channel and improve transmission efficiency; and uses a compensation circuit at the receiving end to eliminate delay distortion and achieve high-quality signal restoration, which not only solves the problems of insufficient anti-interference ability and limited transmission distance in traditional electrical signal transmission, but also improves the reliability and accuracy of signal transmission.

[0069] Example 2

[0070] Referring to Table 1, which is a second embodiment of the present invention, this embodiment provides a signal transmission method for electrical signal equipment. In order to verify the beneficial effects of the present invention, scientific demonstration is carried out through economic benefit calculation and simulation experiments.

[0071] Specifically, the verification was implemented in the power monitoring system of a high-voltage substation. The experimental equipment included high-precision differential amplifier AD8429, 12-bit high-speed sampling chip AD9235, programmable logic device FPGA EP4CE10, laser emission module TOSA, APD photodetector array and high-performance digital oscilloscope.

[0072] Furthermore, a precision resistor divider (the detection resistor value is 10kΩ) is installed on the 10kV bus, and the voltage signal after voltage division is introduced into the differential amplifier circuit through a shielded cable. The differential amplifier circuit uses the AD8429 chip, sets the internal gain resistor RG to 200Ω, the external gain adjustment resistor REXT to 1kΩ, and the feedback resistor RF to 20kΩ. According to the amplification factor formula, the amplification factor of the differential amplifier circuit is calculated to be 100 times. The sampling circuit adopts a dual-channel synchronous sampling method, the sampling frequency is set to 100MHz, and the resolution of each sampling channel is 12 bits. The quantization encoding circuit is implemented based on FPGA, and the reference voltage value V refSet to 2.5V, the nonlinear coefficient γ is set to 0.8, the quantization level weight factor δ is set to 1.2, and the dynamic adjustment coefficient μ is set to 1.5. The photoelectric conversion module uses a DFB laser with a wavelength of 1550nm, the bias current is set to 20mA, and the modulation current range is 0-40mA. The optical fiber channel uses G.652 standard single-mode optical fiber with a transmission distance of 10 kilometers. A dispersion compensation optical fiber is set every 2 kilometers in the transmission path. The receiving end uses a 4×4 array APD photodetector with a dark current of less than 1nA and a responsivity greater than 0.8A / W. The distortion compensation circuit uses a 32nd-order FIR filter to achieve feedforward equalization and a 4th-order IIR filter to achieve feedback equalization. The compensation parameters are updated in real time through the LMS algorithm.

[0073] Furthermore, as shown in Table 1, in terms of signal front-end processing, the present invention adopts a 100-fold differential amplification factor, which is significantly improved compared to 50 times of the traditional solution A and 75 times of the traditional solution B, enhancing the system's ability to collect weak signals. The sampling frequency reaches 100MHz, which is 100% higher than 50MHz of the traditional solution A and 33.3% higher than 75MHz of the traditional solution B, significantly improving the time resolution of signal sampling.

[0074] Table 1 Comparison between the solution of the present invention and the prior art

[0075] Performance Indicators Traditional Solution A Traditional Solution B Solution of the present invention Differential Amplification 50 75 100 Sampling frequency (MHz) 50 75 100 Quantization accuracy (bit) 8 10 12 Optical fiber transmission distance (km) 5 8 10 Transmission bit error rate 2.5E-6 1.8E-6 7.8E-9 Signal recovery accuracy (%) 91.2 93.5 99.1 System delay (ns) 850 720 450 Power consumption (W) 12.5 15.8 8.2

[0076] Specifically, in the signal quantization link, the present invention adopts 12-bit quantization accuracy and provides 4096 quantization levels, while the traditional solution A adopts 8-bit quantization and only has 256 quantization levels, and the traditional solution B adopts 10-bit quantization and provides 1024 quantization levels. The present invention has higher amplitude resolution in the signal digitization process. In terms of transmission performance, the present invention achieves a fiber optic transmission distance of 10 kilometers, which is significantly extended compared with the 5 kilometers of the traditional solution A and the 8 kilometers of the traditional solution B. At the same time, the transmission bit error rate is reduced to 7.8E-9, which is nearly three orders of magnitude higher than the 2.5E-6 of the traditional solution A and the 1.8E-6 of the traditional solution B.

[0077] Furthermore, in terms of signal restoration quality, the scheme of the present invention achieves a signal recovery accuracy of 99.1%, which is 7.9 percentage points higher than the 91.2% of the traditional scheme A and 5.6 percentage points higher than the 93.5% of the traditional scheme B, verifying the superiority of the present invention in maintaining signal integrity. In terms of system delay indicators, the present invention only requires 450ns, which is 47.1% lower than the 850ns of the traditional scheme A and 37.5% lower than the 720ns of the traditional scheme B, greatly improving the system response speed.

[0078] Furthermore, although the present invention surpasses the traditional solution in terms of performance indicators, its power consumption is only 8.2W, which is 34.4% lower than the 12.5W of the traditional solution A and 48.1% lower than the 15.8W of the traditional solution B. This data fully demonstrates the breakthrough progress made by the present invention in system architecture optimization and energy efficiency management. In summary, the experimental data fully verifies the innovation of the present invention in key technical indicators such as high-precision signal acquisition, long-distance low-error transmission, and fast signal restoration, and at the same time confirms its feasibility and advancement in practical engineering applications.

[0079] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A signal transmission method for electrical signal equipment, characterized in that: include, Collecting an analog signal from a first circuit node, and converting the analog signal into a first differential signal through a differential amplifier circuit; Performing high-speed sampling on the first differential signal to generate a first sampling sequence, and encoding the first sampling sequence into a plurality of digital signal packets based on a preset quantization threshold; Converting the digital signal packet into an optical signal sequence through an optoelectronic conversion module, wherein the optical signal sequence is transmitted in an optical fiber channel according to a time division multiplexing method; At the receiving end, a photoelectric detector is used to receive the optical signal sequence and convert it into a second differential signal. The time delay distortion in the second differential signal is eliminated through a compensation circuit to restore the analog signal.

2. The signal transmission method for electrical signal equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method for restoring the analog signal is: The receiving end uses an array photodetector to receive the optical signal sequence and convert the optical signal sequence into a second differential signal, wherein the photodetector includes a pre-transimpedance amplifier circuit and an automatic gain control circuit; Processing the second differential signal through a distortion compensation circuit, dynamically adjusting compensation parameters through an adaptive algorithm, and eliminating delay distortion and dispersion distortion generated during the transmission of the second differential signal, wherein the distortion compensation circuit includes a feedforward equalization unit and a feedback equalization unit; The processed second differential signal is filtered out of noise and interference components through a bandpass filter, and the analog signal corresponding to the transmitting end is restored through a differential amplifier to complete signal transmission.

3. The signal transmission method for electrical signal equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The feedforward equalization unit pre-compensates the frequency response of the second differential signal through a finite impulse response filter; the feedback equalization unit eliminates the remaining inter-symbol interference by using the determined symbol information.

4. The signal transmission method for electrical signal equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: The digital signal packet is converted into an optical signal sequence by a photoelectric conversion module, wherein the optical signal sequence is transmitted in an optical fiber channel according to a time division multiplexing method, including: The digital signal packet is converted into an optical signal sequence through a photoelectric conversion module, wherein the photoelectric conversion module includes a signal modulation unit and a laser emission unit; the signal modulation unit receives the digital signal packet and modulates it into a driving current, and the specific formula is as follows: I d =I bias +I mod ·d; Among them, I d is the driving current, I bias is the bias current, I mod is the modulation current, d is the digital signal; The laser emitting unit is driven by the driving current to generate an optical signal sequence, and the optical signal sequence enters the optical fiber channel through a time slot distributor, wherein the time slot distributor divides the transmission bandwidth of the optical fiber channel into a plurality of transmission time slots according to a preset time slot division rule, and the time length of each transmission time slot matches the transmission time of the digital signal packet; The optical signal sequence is sequentially allocated to each of the transmission time slots in a time division multiplexing manner through the time slot distributor, and the time slots are divided and aligned through a frame synchronization header identifier, wherein the optical fiber channel is provided with a dispersion compensating optical fiber segment; the dispersion characteristics of the dispersion compensating optical fiber segment are opposite to the dispersion characteristics of the optical fiber channel.

5. The signal transmission method for electrical signal equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that: The method for obtaining the digital signal packet is: High-speed sampling is performed through a dual-channel sampling circuit, and the positive signal and the negative signal of the first differential signal are synchronously sampled according to a preset sampling frequency to generate a first sampling sequence, wherein the first sampling channel of the dual-channel sampling circuit is connected to the in-phase output end of the differential amplifier circuit; the second sampling channel of the dual-channel sampling circuit is connected to the inverting output end of the differential amplifier circuit; Sending the first sampling sequence to a quantization coding circuit, wherein the quantization coding circuit includes a preset quantization threshold, and the specific formula is as follows; V th (k,t)=V ref ·(1+γ·sinh(δk))·e -μ ; Among them, V th (k, t) is the preset quantization threshold, V ref is the reference voltage value, k is the quantization level number, t is the time variable, γ is the nonlinear coefficient, δ is the quantization level weight factor, sinh() is the hyperbolic sine function, and μ is the dynamic adjustment coefficient; The sampling points in the first sampling sequence are divided into different quantization intervals according to the preset quantization threshold by the quantization coding circuit, and the sampling points in each quantization interval are converted into corresponding binary codes, wherein the binary codes are packaged according to a preset data length to form a digital signal packet; and the frame header of the digital signal packet includes a synchronization identification code.

6. The signal transmission method for electrical signal equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that: The method for generating the first differential signal is: The first circuit node is provided with a detection resistor; one end of the detection resistor is connected to the positive input end of the differential amplifier circuit, and the other end is grounded; the reverse input end of the differential amplifier circuit is connected to a reference voltage source; When the analog signal passes through the detection resistor, the differential amplifier circuit converts the analog signal into a first differential signal according to the potential difference amplification factor between the analog signal and the reference voltage, wherein the amplification factor of the differential amplifier circuit is determined by the resistance ratio of the feedback resistor to the detection resistor, and the specific formula is as follows: Among them, G is the gain of the differential amplifier circuit, R f is the resistance of the feedback resistor, R s is the resistance value of the detection resistor, R1 is the internal gain setting resistor of the instrumentation amplifier, and R g is the external gain adjustment resistor.

7. The signal transmission method for electrical signal equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first differential signal includes a positive signal and a negative signal; the positive signal is output from the in-phase output terminal of the differential amplifier circuit; and the negative signal is output from the inverting output terminal of the differential amplifier circuit.

8. A signal transmission system for electrical signal equipment, based on the signal transmission method for electrical signal equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: Also includes, A conversion module, used for collecting an analog signal of a first circuit node, and converting the analog signal into a first differential signal through a differential amplifier circuit; an encoding module, configured to perform high-speed sampling on the first differential signal to generate a first sampling sequence, and encode the first sampling sequence into a plurality of digital signal packets based on a preset quantization threshold; A conversion module, used for converting the digital signal packet into an optical signal sequence through an optoelectronic conversion module, wherein the optical signal sequence is transmitted in an optical fiber channel according to a time division multiplexing method; The restoration module is used to receive the optical signal sequence at the receiving end by using a photodetector and convert it into a second differential signal, eliminate the delay distortion in the second differential signal by a compensation circuit, and restore the analog signal.

9. A computer device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, wherein: When the processor executes the computer program, the steps of the signal transmission method for an electrical signal device according to any one of claims 1 to 7 are implemented.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the signal transmission method for an electrical signal device according to any one of claims 1 to 7 are implemented.

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