Grid line adhesive film, preparation method thereof and solar cell module

Abstract

The invention provides a grid line adhesive film, a preparation method thereof and a perovskite solar cell module. The grid line adhesive film is used for packaging the perovskite solar cell module. The grid line adhesive film comprises an adhesive film base material and a metal grid line partially embedded in the surface of one side of the adhesive film base material. According to the invention, the metal grid line is directly embedded in the glue film base material of the grid line glue film, so that the metal grid line can be directly attached to the photoelectric function layer along with the grid line glue film in the packaging process of the perovskite solar cell module, and the step of directly forming the metal grid line on the photoelectric function layer is avoided. The stability of the perovskite material in the perovskite solar cell is guaranteed, and the cell efficiency of the perovskite solar cell is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of solar cells, and in particular to a grid line adhesive film and a preparation method thereof, and a solar cell module. Background Art

[0002] Perovskite solar cells are gaining more and more attention due to their high conversion efficiency, low cost, and environmental friendliness. Their photoelectric conversion efficiency has increased several times in just a few years, showing excellent photoelectric performance. The film structure of a perovskite solar cell includes a photoelectric functional layer and a transparent electrode layer located on opposite sides of the photoelectric functional layer.

[0003] In order to enable the transparent electrode layer to collect carriers more effectively, the existing technology will prepare metal grid lines on the surface of the transparent electrode layer to improve the carrier collection ability, and at the same time, it can also minimize the thickness of the transparent conductive film and improve the light transmittance. In the existing process, screen printing technology and photolithography technology are usually used to form metal grid lines. However, in the process of screen printing low-temperature silver paste and sintering to form metal grid lines, high-temperature sintering will also heat the perovskite material to the corresponding temperature, thereby destroying the stability of the perovskite material; the photolithography process requires a series of processes such as photoresist coating, baking, ultraviolet exposure, development, evaporation and stripping. Since the perovskite material cannot withstand ultraviolet exposure, development, stripping and other processes, it will also destroy the stability of the perovskite material, making it difficult for the conventional metal grid line formation method to balance the stability of the perovskite material and the electrical properties of the metal grid line, thereby limiting the mass production development and application of perovskite solar cells. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present application aims to solve one of the technical problems in the related art at least to some extent.

[0005] To this end, the first purpose of the present application is to propose a grid wire adhesive film and a preparation method thereof and a solar cell module, which can ensure the stability of the perovskite material and the electrical performance of the metal grid wire and improve the battery efficiency.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the first embodiment of the present application provides a method for preparing a gate line adhesive film, comprising:

[0007] Providing a carrier, wherein a plurality of grooves arranged in an array are provided on the surface of the carrier, and at least one heat source is provided at the bottom of each of the grooves for heating the grooves;

[0008] Filling metal gate lines in the grooves, each of the metal gate lines corresponds to each of the grooves one by one, and the diameter of the metal gate lines is greater than the depth of the grooves;

[0009] Laying a film matrix material on the surface of the carrier, and using the heat source to heat the metal grid lines filled in the grooves, so that the metal grid lines and the film matrix material are cross-linked to form the grid line film;

[0010] The grid line adhesive film is separated from the carrier.

[0011] Optionally, the temperature of the metal grid line under heating by the heat source ranges from 100° C. to 150° C.

[0012] Optionally, the width of the groove is between 15 μm and 50 μm, and the length of the groove is between 3 mm and 10 mm.

[0013] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, a second embodiment of the present application proposes a gate line adhesive film for packaging a perovskite solar cell module, wherein the gate line adhesive film is prepared by any of the gate line adhesive film preparation methods described above.

[0014] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the third aspect embodiment of the present application proposes a grid wire adhesive film for the encapsulation of perovskite solar cell modules, wherein the grid wire adhesive film comprises a film matrix and a plurality of metal grid wires arranged in an array, wherein the plurality of metal grid wires are cross-linked and bonded to the film matrix, and the metal grid wire portion is embedded in a side of the film matrix close to the first surface.

[0015] Optionally, the material of the metal grid line includes an alloy of at least one or more of gold, silver, aluminum, nickel, and copper.

[0016] Optionally, the adhesive film base material includes at least one of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, perhydropolysilazane, perfluoropolyalkylene oxide, polyethylene-octene copolymer, polyvinyl butyral, polymethyl methacrylate, thermoplastic polyurethane, polyethylene terephthalate, polydimethylsiloxane, polyethylene glycol, and polyvinyl pyrrolidone.

[0017] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the third aspect of the present application provides a perovskite solar cell module, comprising:

[0018] a first substrate;

[0019] A battery array is located on the first substrate; the battery array includes a plurality of sub-batteries connected in series and parallel and arranged in an array, and adjacent sub-batteries are separated by ruled lines extending along a first direction;

[0020] A grid line adhesive film is located on the battery array, the grid line adhesive film comprises a plurality of metal grid lines, the plurality of metal grid lines are spaced apart from each other and arranged in an array on the battery array, each of the metal grid lines extends along a second direction, and the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction;

[0021] Wherein, the grid line adhesive film includes any one of the grid line adhesive films described above.

[0022] Optionally, each of the metal grid lines corresponds to each of the sub-cells on a one-to-one basis, and an extension length of the metal grid lines along the second direction is smaller than a width of the sub-cells in the second direction.

[0023] Optionally, the sub-cell includes a first electrode layer, a first charge transport layer, a perovskite thin film layer, a second charge transport layer and a second electrode layer stacked in sequence from bottom to top, the gate wire adhesive film is located on the second electrode, and a plurality of metal gate wires spaced apart from each other and arranged in an array are in contact with the surface of the second electrode away from the first substrate.

[0024] Optionally, the first charge transport layer is a hole transport layer, and the second charge transport layer is an electron transport layer; or, the first charge transport layer is an electron transport layer, and the second charge transport layer is a hole transport layer.

[0025] The grid line adhesive film and its preparation method and the perovskite solar cell module provided by the present application have at least the following beneficial effects:

[0026] The present application provides a grid line adhesive film and a preparation method thereof and a perovskite solar cell module, wherein the grid line adhesive film is used for the encapsulation of the perovskite solar cell module. The grid line adhesive film includes an adhesive film mother material and a metal grid line partially embedded in the surface of one side of the adhesive film mother material. The present application directly embeds the metal grid line in the adhesive film mother material of the grid line adhesive film, so that during the encapsulation process of the perovskite solar cell module, the metal grid line can be directly attached to the photoelectric functional layer along with the grid line adhesive film, thereby avoiding the step of directly forming the metal grid line on the photoelectric functional layer, ensuring the stability of the perovskite material in the perovskite solar cell, and improving the cell efficiency of the perovskite solar cell.

[0027] Additional aspects and advantages of the present application will be given in part in the description below, and in part will become apparent from the description below, or will be learned through the practice of the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present application will become apparent and easily understood from the following description of the embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0029] Figure 1 The figure is a schematic flow chart of a method for preparing a gate line adhesive film according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0030] Figure 2 to Figure 6 The figure is a schematic structural diagram of a process for preparing a gate line adhesive film according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0031] Figure 7-8 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a perovskite solar cell module according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0032] 1 perovskite solar cell module; 100 carrier; 110 groove; 200 grid line film; 210 metal grid line; 220 film matrix; 310 first substrate; 320 second substrate; 400 cell array; 410 first electrode layer; 420 photoelectric functional layer; 421 first charge transport layer; 422 perovskite thin film layer; 423 second charge transport layer; 430 second electrode layer; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] Embodiments of the present application are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present application, and should not be construed as limiting the present application.

[0034] Solar cells, also known as photovoltaic cells, are photoelectric semiconductor sheets that use sunlight to generate electricity directly. They work based on the photoelectric effect or photochemical effect and can directly convert light energy into electrical energy. In recent years, as the world pays more and more attention to carbon neutrality, climate change and sustainable development, the solar cell market has developed rapidly. As the main force in the photovoltaic market, the theoretical photoelectric conversion efficiency of crystalline silicon solar cell technology is close to the limit. Using crystalline silicon solar cells as the substrate to prepare two-terminal stacked solar cells is an effective way to improve the efficiency of photovoltaic devices and reduce the cost of photovoltaic systems.

[0035] Perovskite solar cells have made breakthrough progress in the past decade due to their high absorption coefficient, high carrier mobility, adjustable bandgap, simple preparation and low cost. At present, the highest efficiency of perovskite solar cells has reached 33.9%, far exceeding the 27.09% of the mainstream crystalline silicon single-junction cells in the market. In addition, perovskite can be based on the industrial advantages of existing crystalline silicon cells and can better iterate the industry. In addition, perovskite raw materials are abundant, preparation is simple and the cost is lower. It is considered to be the next generation of disruptive photovoltaic technology.

[0036] The film structure and conventional preparation method of perovskite solar cells are as follows: First, a transparent conductive film is prepared on a glass substrate as the electrode layer on the light-receiving side; then, a photoelectric functional layer is prepared on the transparent conductive film, which usually includes a hole transport layer, a perovskite absorption layer and an electron transport layer; finally, a transparent conductive film is prepared on the photoelectric functional layer as the electrode layer on the other side. The electrode layers on both sides usually use transparent conductive oxide film materials (TCO), which are required to have high transmittance and high conductivity. High conductivity can facilitate the collection and in-plane transmission of carriers. On the other hand, high transmittance allows more light to enter the absorption layer on the light-receiving side, thereby stimulating the generation of photogenerated carriers. However, from a technical perspective, the conductivity and transmittance of the transparent conductive film layer restrict each other, and it is impossible to obtain the maximum conductivity and the highest transmittance at the same time.

[0037] In order to effectively collect carriers, the existing technology can prepare metal grid lines on the surface of the electrode layer to improve the carrier collection ability, and at the same time, the thickness of the electrode layer can be reduced to the greatest extent to improve the light transmittance. Therefore, in the process of preparing perovskite cells, metal grid lines are one of the key technologies for preparing efficient and stable solar cells. In the existing process, screen printing technology and photolithography technology are usually used to form metal grid lines. However, in the process of screen printing low-temperature silver paste and sintering to form metal grid lines, high-temperature sintering will also heat the perovskite material to the corresponding temperature, thereby destroying the stability of the perovskite material; the photolithography process requires a series of processes such as photoresist coating, baking, ultraviolet exposure, development, evaporation and stripping. The perovskite material cannot withstand ultraviolet exposure, development, stripping and other processes, which will also destroy the stability of the perovskite material.

[0038] Based on the above problems, the present application provides a grid line adhesive film and a preparation method thereof, and a perovskite solar cell module, by directly pre-embedding the metal grid lines in the adhesive film matrix of the grid line adhesive film, and directly attaching the grid line adhesive film with the metal grid lines on the photoelectric functional layer during the packaging process, thereby avoiding the step of directly forming the metal grid lines on the photoelectric functional layer, thereby improving the stability of the perovskite material in the perovskite solar cell, and further improving the cell efficiency of the perovskite solar cell.

[0039] According to a first aspect of the present application, a method for preparing a gate line adhesive film is provided, such as Figure 1 to Figure 6 As shown, the method specifically comprises the steps of:

[0040] S1, providing a carrier, wherein a surface of the carrier is provided with a plurality of grooves arranged in an array, and a bottom of each of the grooves is provided with at least one heat source for heating the groove.

[0041] S2, filling metal gate lines in the grooves, each metal gate line corresponds to each groove, and the diameter of the metal gate line is greater than the depth of the groove;

[0042] S3, laying a film matrix material on the surface of the carrier, and using a heat source to heat the metal grid lines filled in the grooves, so that the metal grid lines and the film matrix material are cross-linked to form a grid line film;

[0043] S4, separating the grid line adhesive film from the carrier.

[0044] It can be understood that the present application arranges a plurality of grooves on a carrier, and sets a heat source at the bottom of the grooves, so that after the metal grid lines are filled in each groove one by one, the heat source can be energized, that is, the metal grid lines filled in the grooves can be heated to a preset temperature by the heat source, and then after the adhesive film matrix is ​​laid on the surface of the carrier, the metal grid lines heated to the preset temperature can form a grid line adhesive film by contacting with the adhesive film matrix and cross-linking with the adhesive film matrix.

[0045] Figure 3 and Figure 4 for Figure 2 The schematic diagram of the cross-section structure taken along line AA is as follows: Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, since the diameter of the metal grid line is greater than the depth of the groove, the metal grid line will not be completely filled in the groove, and at least part of the metal grid line is located above the groove and protrudes from the surface of the carrier. Here, each metal grid line can be divided into a first part filled in the groove and located below the surface of the carrier, and a second part located outside the groove and protruding above the surface of the carrier.

[0046] Thus, when the metal grid line is heated to a preset temperature by a heat source, the second portion of the metal grid line will contact the adhesive film matrix and cross-link with the adhesive film matrix to be embedded in the interior of the adhesive film matrix. Correspondingly, after the grid line adhesive film is separated from the carrier, the first portion of the metal grid line originally located inside the groove protrudes from the surface of the adhesive film matrix, and can contact the surface of the electrode layer in the subsequent perovskite solar cell module packaging process to improve the surface carrier collection capacity of the electrode layer, thereby minimizing the thickness of the electrode layer. At the same time, the grid line adhesive film also avoids the step of directly forming the metal grid line on the perovskite solar cell, improves the stability of the perovskite material in the perovskite solar cell, and thereby improves the cell efficiency of the perovskite solar cell.

[0047] In some embodiments, the preset temperature of the metal grid line under the heating source is in the range of 100° C. to 150° C., and the size of the groove can be flexibly configured according to the size of the metal grid line. For example, the width of the groove can be in the range of 15 μm to 50 μm, and the length of the groove can be in the range of 3 mm to 10 mm.

[0048] The heat source may be one end or multiple sections of heating resistance wire located at the bottom of the carrier and corresponding to each groove position one by one. The heating resistance wire generates heat under the action of external current to heat the metal grid line filled in the groove.

[0049] According to a second aspect of the present application, a gate line adhesive film is provided. The gate line adhesive film is prepared by the gate line adhesive film preparation method described in the above embodiment, such as Figure 6 As shown, it can specifically include a film mother material and a plurality of metal grid lines arranged in an array, the plurality of metal grid lines are cross-linked with the film mother material, and the metal grid lines are partially embedded in a side of the film mother material close to the first surface, and the surface on the side where the film mother material and the metal grid lines are cross-linked is set as the first surface.

[0050] It is understandable that, since the grid line adhesive film is prepared by the grid line adhesive film preparation method described in the above embodiment. Therefore, the second division of the metal grid line will be cross-linked with the adhesive film mother material and embedded in the interior of the adhesive film mother material. The first division of the metal grid line protrudes from the first surface of the adhesive film mother material, so that it can contact with the surface of the electrode layer in the subsequent perovskite solar cell module packaging process to improve the surface carrier collection capacity of the electrode layer, thereby reducing the thickness of the electrode layer to the greatest extent. At the same time, it also avoids the step of directly forming the metal grid line on the photoelectric functional layer, improves the stability of the perovskite material in the perovskite solar cell, and thereby improves the cell efficiency of the perovskite solar cell.

[0051] In some embodiments, the material of the metal grid line includes but is not limited to alloys of at least one or more of gold, silver, aluminum, nickel, and copper metals, and the material of the film base material includes but is not limited to at least one of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, perhydropolysilazane, perfluoropolyalkylene oxide, polyethylene-octene copolymer, polyvinyl butyral, polymethyl methacrylate, thermoplastic polyurethane, polyethylene terephthalate, polydimethylsiloxane, polyethylene glycol, and polyvinyl pyrrolidone.

[0052] According to a third aspect of the present application, a perovskite solar cell assembly is provided, such as Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, Figure 8 for Figure 7 A schematic cross-sectional structure diagram taken along the cutting line BB, wherein the battery assembly comprises:

[0053] a first substrate;

[0054] A battery array is located on the first substrate; the battery array includes a plurality of sub-batteries connected in series and parallel and arranged in an array, and adjacent sub-batteries are separated by ruled lines extending along a first direction;

[0055] A grid line adhesive film is located on the battery array, the grid line adhesive film includes a plurality of metal grid lines, the plurality of metal grid lines are spaced apart from each other and arranged in an array on the battery array, each metal grid line extends along a second direction, and the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction;

[0056] The gate line adhesive film is the gate line adhesive film of any of the above embodiments.

[0057] It is understandable that the first substrate, as the light-receiving surface of the perovskite solar cell assembly, is usually composed of a material with a high light transmittance ratio to reduce light loss when light is incident from the first substrate to the cell array.

[0058] The battery array, as the core of the photoelectric conversion of the perovskite solar cell module, is located on the first substrate and is used to receive light energy incident from the first substrate and generate free carriers (electrons and holes) under the excitation of photons. The free carriers are then transported in different directions by the corresponding transport layer (subsequent first charge transport layer and second charge transport layer) materials under the action of Coulomb force, and collected by the electrode layer (subsequent first electrode layer and second electrode layer) materials to form an electric current used to do work in the external circuit.

[0059] The grid line adhesive film is a protective layer of the battery array. It is located on the battery array and can protect the top surface of the battery array (the surface of the battery array away from the first substrate). By contacting the metal grid lines on the first surface side of the grid line adhesive film with the side of the battery array away from the first substrate, the metal grid lines can quickly collect and transmit the carriers generated by the battery array under light excitation and transmitted to the side away from the first substrate to form current, thereby reducing the transmission path of the carriers, reducing the internal resistance loss of the solar resistor component, and improving the battery efficiency.

[0060] Since the battery array also includes a plurality of scribed lines extending along the first direction (scribed lines P1, scribed lines P2 and scribed lines P3 in the figure), the plurality of scribed lines separate the battery array into a plurality of arrays to set sub-cells, so that when the grid line adhesive film is attached to the battery array, each metal grid line can be connected to the electrode layer of each sub-cell in a one-to-one correspondence, thereby quickly collecting and converging the carriers generated on the battery array, thereby reducing the transmission path of the carriers in each sub-cell and reducing the internal resistance loss of the solar resistor assembly. The second direction in which the metal grid lines extend is perpendicular to the first direction in which the scribed lines extend, and the extension length of the metal grid lines along the second direction is less than the width of each sub-cell in the second direction.

[0061] Since the present application combines the metal grid lines with the adhesive film matrix to form a grid line adhesive film which is packaged on the battery array, the perovskite solar cell module provided by the present application does not need to form the metal grid lines on the battery array using screen printing technology or photolithography technology before packaging. The perovskite material in the battery array provided by the present application does not need to undergo high-temperature sintering or ultraviolet exposure, development, film stripping and other processes, and the stability of the perovskite material will not be destroyed, thereby improving the battery efficiency of the perovskite solar cell.

[0062] At the same time, the metal grid lines are combined with the film matrix to form a grid line film packaged on the battery array, so that the perovskite solar cell module provided in the present application does not need to be separately formed on the battery array by screen printing technology or photolithography technology before packaging, and the thickness of the electrode layer in the battery array can also be minimized.

[0063] In some embodiments, each sub-cell in the battery array includes a first electrode layer, a first charge transfer layer, a perovskite thin film layer, a second charge transfer layer and a second electrode layer stacked in sequence from bottom to top, and the first charge transfer layer, the perovskite thin film layer and the second charge transfer layer together form a photoelectric functional layer of the perovskite solar cell module, the gate wire adhesive film is located on the second electrode layer, and the metal gate wire is in contact with the second electrode.

[0064] The material of the hole transport layer includes but is not limited to NiO x , Cu2O, CuSCN, PEDOT:PSS, PTAA, Me-4PACz, 2PACz, MeO-2PACz, 4PADCB and Spiro-OMeTAD.

[0065] The materials of the electron transport layer include but are not limited to at least one of titanium dioxide (TiO2), tin dioxide (SnO2), zinc oxide (ZnO), zirconium dioxide (ZrO2), gallium zinc oxide (GZO), indium zinc oxide (IZO), transparent conductive iron oxide (FTO), transparent conductive indium oxide (ITO), barium stannate (BaSnO3), fullerene C60 (C60) and fullerene C70 (C70).

[0066] The perovskite thin film layer includes ABX3, A includes but is not limited to at least one of methylamine cation (FA+), methylammonium cation (MA+), cesium cation (Cs+), rubidium cation (Rb+), and potassium cation (K+); B includes but is not limited to at least one of lead cation (Pb2+), tin cation (Sn2+), copper cation (Cu2+), zinc cation (Zn2+), gallium cation (Ga2+), and calcium cation (Ca2+); X includes but is not limited to at least one of fluoride anion (F-), chloride anion (Cl-), bromide anion (Br-), iodine anion (I-), and thiocyanate ion (SCN-).

[0067] The materials of the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer may be transparent conductive film (TCO) materials, including but not limited to one of FTO, AZO or ITO. Preferably, FTO with the best heat resistance and chemical stability is used.

[0068] Furthermore, each sub-battery may include a trans (pin) structure or a formal (nip) structure. When the battery array is a trans (pin) structure, the first charge transport layer is a hole transport layer, and the second charge transport layer is an electron transport layer; when the battery array is a formal (nip) structure, the first charge transport layer is an electron transport layer, and the second charge transport layer is a hole transport layer.

[0069] The gate line adhesive film is also mounted on the second electrode using a high temperature lamination technology to fully contact the metal gate line located on the first surface of the gate line adhesive film with the second electrode layer. The temperature range of the high temperature lamination is between 100°C and 150°C.

[0070] In some embodiments, the perovskite solar cell assembly further includes a second substrate formed on the gate line adhesive film.

[0071] The material of the second substrate includes but is not limited to one of tempered glass, ceramic plate, polymer composite material or corrosion-resistant metal plate. Among them, the metal plate can be stainless steel, anodized aluminum, titanium alloy, which plays a role in waterproofing and physical protection of the back of the perovskite solar module. The reflective properties of metal plates and ceramic plates can improve the utilization rate of incident light, and the transparent tempered glass can utilize the incident light on the back, which can also improve the utilization rate of light and improve the efficiency of the battery.

[0072] In summary, the present application provides a grid line adhesive film and a preparation method thereof and a perovskite solar cell module, wherein the grid line adhesive film is used for the encapsulation of the perovskite solar cell module. The grid line adhesive film comprises an adhesive film matrix and a metal grid line partially embedded in the surface of one side of the adhesive film matrix. The present application directly embeds the metal grid line in the adhesive film matrix of the grid line adhesive film, so that during the encapsulation process of the perovskite solar cell module, the metal grid line can be directly attached to the photoelectric functional layer along with the grid line adhesive film, thereby avoiding the step of directly forming the metal grid line on the photoelectric functional layer, ensuring the stability of the perovskite material in the perovskite solar cell, and improving the cell efficiency of the perovskite solar cell.

[0073] In the description of the aforementioned embodiments, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, without contradiction.

[0074] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of this application, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a gate line adhesive film, characterized in that: include: Providing a carrier, wherein a plurality of grooves arranged in an array are provided on the surface of the carrier, and at least one heat source is provided at the bottom of each of the grooves for heating the grooves; Filling metal gate lines in the grooves, each of the metal gate lines corresponds to each of the grooves one by one, and the diameter of the metal gate lines is greater than the depth of the grooves; Laying a film matrix material on the surface of the carrier, and using the heat source to heat the metal grid lines filled in the grooves, so that the metal grid lines and the film matrix material are cross-linked to form the grid line film; The grid line adhesive film is separated from the carrier.

2. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature of the metal grid line under heating by the heat source ranges from 100° C. to 150° C.

3. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The width of the groove is between 15 μm and 50 μm, and the length of the groove is between 3 mm and 10 mm.

4. A grid line adhesive film for packaging perovskite solar cell modules, characterized in that: The grid line adhesive film is prepared by the grid line adhesive film preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

5. A grid line adhesive film for packaging perovskite solar cell modules, characterized in that: The grid wire adhesive film comprises an adhesive film matrix and a plurality of metal grid wires arranged in an array. The plurality of metal grid wires are cross-linked and combined with the adhesive film matrix. The metal grid wires are partially embedded in a side of the adhesive film matrix close to the first surface.

6. The gate line adhesive film according to claim 5, characterized in that: The material of the metal grid line includes at least one or more alloys of gold, silver, aluminum, nickel, and copper.

7. The gate line adhesive film according to claim 5, characterized in that: The adhesive film base material includes at least one of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, perhydropolysilazane, perfluoropolyalkylene oxide, polyethylene-octene copolymer, polyvinyl butyral, polymethyl methacrylate, thermoplastic polyurethane, polyethylene terephthalate, polydimethylsiloxane, polyethylene glycol, and polyvinyl pyrrolidone.

8. A perovskite solar cell module, characterized in that: include: a first substrate; A battery array is located on the first substrate; the battery array includes a plurality of sub-batteries connected in series and parallel and arranged in an array, and adjacent sub-batteries are separated by ruled lines extending along a first direction; A grid line adhesive film is located on the battery array, the grid line adhesive film comprises a plurality of metal grid lines, the plurality of metal grid lines are spaced apart from each other and arranged in an array on the battery array, each of the metal grid lines extends along a second direction, and the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction; Wherein, the grid line adhesive film comprises the grid line adhesive film according to any one of claims 5 to 7.

9. The battery assembly according to claim 8, characterized in that: Each of the metal grid lines corresponds to each of the sub-cells one by one, and an extension length of the metal grid lines along the second direction is smaller than a width of the sub-cells in the second direction.

10. The battery assembly according to claim 8, characterized in that: The battery array includes a first electrode layer, a first charge transport layer, a perovskite thin film layer, a second charge transport layer and a second electrode layer stacked in sequence from bottom to top. The gate wire adhesive film is located on the second electrode, and a plurality of metal gate wires spaced apart from each other and arranged in an array are in contact with the surface of the second electrode away from the first substrate.

11. The battery assembly according to claim 10, characterized in that: The first charge transport layer is a hole transport layer, and the second charge transport layer is an electron transport layer; or, the first charge transport layer is an electron transport layer, and the second charge transport layer is a hole transport layer.

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