Regulation and control method for promoting oncorhynchus mykiss body silvering

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of aquaculture, and particularly discloses a regulation and control method for promoting silvering of the body color of rainbow trout, before the rainbow trout is caught, at least one of the following two measures is adopted to culture the rainbow trout for at least thirty days: 1) an LED light source is arranged above a rainbow trout culture pond, and the color of water in the culture pond is changed; 2) arranging a water pump in the rainbow trout culture pond to change the water flow velocity in the culture pond; the regulation and control effect of illumination and water body flow velocity on rainbow trout body color silvering is explored, regulation and control of rainbow trout body color silvering are achieved by matching special illumination with water body flow velocity control, the process is simple, cost is low, but economic benefits are remarkable, the rainbow trout body color silvering method is suitable for wide application and popularization, in addition, an exercise training mode is built by controlling the water body flow velocity, and the training effect is good. The development and stability of rainbow trout skin pigment cells are further promoted, meanwhile, the growth of muscles is promoted to a certain extent, and the nutritional value and economic value of rainbow trout are further improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of aquaculture, and in particular to a regulating method for promoting the silvering of rainbow trout body color. Background Art

[0002] The silvery bright color of rainbow trout that is popular in the market is mainly related to the iridocytes in the skin of rainbow trout. The color of iridocytes is the result of multi-layer thin film interference. Transparent materials with different refractive indices are arranged alternately to form alternating layers. When the optical thickness (the product of physical thickness and refractive index) of the alternating layers is comparable to the wavelength of light, the alternating layers can act as reflectors. When the incident light interacts with the reflector, the reflected light forms constructive or destructive interference, thereby producing different colors.

[0003] During the breeding process of rainbow trout, multiple processes may affect the body color of rainbow trout. For example, rainbow trout has high requirements for water quality. Changes in water temperature and dissolved oxygen during breeding may cause rainbow trout to change in body color and lose luster. Lack of astaxanthin or lutein in feed may lead to insufficient synthesis of rainbow trout pigments, causing dull body color. Fishing and transportation may cause stress in rainbow trout, causing the pigment cells on the surface of rainbow trout skin to shrink, resulting in darkening of body color or even spots in a short period of time. When the breeding density is too high, excessive feeding or untimely feces treatment may cause excessive suspended matter in the water or even toxic substances, which may also cause stress in rainbow trout and change its body color. The most popular body color of rainbow trout on the market is bright silver. If the body color of rainbow trout is dull and spotted or presents other colors, it will greatly reduce the market acceptance of rainbow trout, resulting in a decrease in rainbow trout sales or a decrease in price, which will bring economic losses to rainbow trout breeding and is not conducive to the industrial development of rainbow trout breeding. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a control method which is simple to operate and has low cost and can promote the silvering of rainbow trout body color.

[0005] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solution: a method for regulating and controlling the silvering of rainbow trout body color, wherein before catching rainbow trout, at least one of the following two measures is used to cultivate rainbow trout for at least thirty days:

[0006] (1) Place LED light sources above rainbow trout breeding ponds to change the color of the water in the breeding ponds;

[0007] (2) Install a water pump in the rainbow trout breeding pond to change the water flow rate in the breeding pond.

[0008] The working principle of this technical solution is that the pigment cells (melanocytes, erythrocytes, xanthophytes and iridophores) in the dermal chromatophore units that control the changes in fish body color can respond to external light signals and change the color of the fish body by changing the size, number and arrangement of the pigment cells. At the same time, the iridophores related to the silver color of the fish body show structural color through the reflection of light by the reflective plates composed of guanine crystals, so its color development mechanism is closely related to guanine synthesis and related metabolic pathways. Exercise can upregulate the expression of the PKA signaling pathway related to the survival and color development of iridophores, and can also promote the growth and development of fish muscles. The combination of the two can better promote the silvering of rainbow trout body color and promote growth to a certain extent.

[0009] In order to better implement the method of the present invention, further, in the measure (1), the color of the purple-red LED light source placed above the rainbow trout breeding pond is at least one of red, blue, purple and purple-red.

[0010] In order to better implement the method of the present invention, further, in the measure (1), the light intensity of the LED light source installed above the rainbow trout breeding pond is 1000LX~2000LX.

[0011] In order to better implement the method of the present invention, further, in the measure (1), the lighting power of the LED light source installed above the rainbow trout breeding pond is not less than 5W / m2.

[0012] In order to better implement the method of the present invention, further, in the measure (1), the LED light source installed above the rainbow trout breeding pond illuminates for 12 hours a day.

[0013] In order to better implement the method of the present invention, further, in the measure (2), a water pump is installed in the rainbow trout breeding pond to make the water flow rate in the breeding pond 1.2bl / s to 2.4bl / s.

[0014] In order to better implement the method of the present invention, further, in the measure (2), the water pump installed in the rainbow trout breeding pond operates for 20 hours a day.

[0015] In order to better implement the method of the present invention, further, the inner volume of the rainbow trout breeding pond is 283m 3 , 100 healthy and marketable rainbow trout are stocked in each breeding pond.

[0016] In order to better implement the method of the present invention, further, the breeding parameters in the rainbow trout breeding pond are: dissolved oxygen is 7mg / L~8mg / L, temperature is 16℃~18℃, pH is 6.5~6.8, and ammonia nitrogen content is not more than 0.0075mg / L.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0018] (1) The present invention provides a method for regulating and controlling the silvering of rainbow trout body color, by installing a purple-red LED light source to change the number and arrangement of rainbow trout skin pigment cell clusters through light color, and by controlling the water flow rate to create a motion effect, thereby regulating the silvering of rainbow trout body color;

[0019] (2) The present invention creates a sports training mode by controlling the water flow rate, further promoting the development and stability of rainbow trout skin pigment cells, and also promoting muscle growth to a certain extent;

[0020] (3) The present invention explores the regulatory effects of light and water flow rate on the silvering of rainbow trout body color, and uses special light combined with water flow rate control to achieve the regulation of the silvering of rainbow trout body color. The process is simple and the cost is low, but the economic benefits are significant and suitable for wide promotion and application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Other features, objects and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings:

[0022] Figure 1 A bar graph showing changes in the cross-sectional area of ​​rainbow trout muscle fibers in different culture ponds in Example 5 of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 The body color of rainbow trout before being cultured by the regulation method of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 The present invention discloses the body color of rainbow trout cultured by the regulation method of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] In order to make the purpose, process conditions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail in conjunction with the following embodiments, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto. Without departing from the above-mentioned technical ideas of the present invention, various substitutions and changes are made according to the common technical knowledge and customary means in the field, which should all be included in the scope of the present invention. The specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0026] Embodiment 1:

[0027] This example provides the effect of light on the silvering of rainbow trout body color, and specifically the following experiment is conducted:

[0028] (1) Experimental Materials

[0029] The experiment was conducted in an indoor breeding pond, and the rainbow trout used in the experiment were obtained by artificial breeding.

[0030] (2) Experimental process

[0031] Two identical breeding ponds were set up, each with a volume of 283m 3 , 100 healthy and marketable rainbow trout are placed in each breeding pond.

[0032] The breeding conditions in each breeding pond were the same, all carried out in indoor breeding workshops, and conventional commercial feed was fed twice a day. The dissolved oxygen in the breeding pond was 7mg / L-8mg / L, the temperature was 16℃-18℃, the pH was 6.5-6.8, and the ammonia nitrogen content was not more than 0.0075mg / L. One of the breeding ponds was the control group, and the other was the light group.

[0033] The control group used natural light in the greenhouse, and the illumination group added a purple-red LED lamp with a light intensity of 1500Lx about 1m above the culture pond, and the illumination time was controlled to 12 hours.

[0034] Finally, the body color changes of rainbow trout in each breeding pond were measured. The body color changes were divided into six levels: -1, -2, -3, 0, +1, +2, and +3. Among them, 0 represents the initial body color, "-" represents the messy body color (black or brown), "+" represents the degree of silvering of the body color, and "1-3" represents the gradual increase in the degree of change. The results are shown in Table 1 below:

[0035] Table 1 Silverization of each group

[0036] Grouping Control group Light Group Body color changes 0 +2

[0037] (3) Experimental conclusion

[0038] According to the contents of Table 1, rainbow trout has a better silvering effect after being irradiated with purple-red LED light source. The specific reason is that the light color changes the composition of the chromatophore in the skin cells of rainbow trout, the reflected light changes, and the silvering effect is higher.

[0039] Embodiment 2:

[0040] Based on the above examples, this example further verifies the effect of light color on the silvering of rainbow trout body color, and in particular conducts the following experiments:

[0041] (1) Experimental Materials

[0042] Same as the above embodiment.

[0043] (2) Experimental process

[0044] Six identical breeding ponds were set up, each with a volume of 283m 3 , 100 healthy and marketable rainbow trout are placed in each breeding pond.

[0045] The breeding conditions in each breeding pond are the same and are all carried out in an indoor breeding workshop.

[0046] Different colors of light with an intensity of 1500Lx were set above each breeding pond. One of the breeding ponds used natural light in the greenhouse as the control group, with irradiation for 12 hours per day.

[0047] The other feeding and breeding processes are the same as those provided in Example 1. Finally, the body color changes of rainbow trout in each breeding pond are measured. The measurement standard is the same as that in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 2 below:

[0048] Table 2 Silverization of each group

[0049] Grouping Silverization degree Control group 0 White light group -1 Red light group +2 Green Light Group -1 Blu-ray Group +1 Purple light group +2

[0050] (3) Experimental conclusion

[0051] According to the contents of Table 2, compared with the control group under natural light, light color can significantly affect the body color of rainbow trout.

[0052] In addition, there are differences in the effects of different color light groups on the silvering of rainbow trout's body color, indicating that the pigment cell clusters in the skin of rainbow trout have different reactions to different light colors, and the purple light group and red light group have the most significant effects on the silvering of rainbow trout's body color. These two light colors can be used to regulate the silvering of rainbow trout's body color.

[0053] Embodiment 3:

[0054] Based on the above examples, this example further verifies the effect of light intensity on the silvering of rainbow trout body color, and specifically conducts the following experiments:

[0055] (1) Experimental Materials

[0056] Same as the above embodiment.

[0057] (2) Experimental process

[0058] Set up seven identical breeding ponds, each with a volume of 283m 3 , 100 healthy and marketable rainbow trout are placed in each breeding pond.

[0059] The breeding conditions in each breeding pond are the same and are all carried out in an indoor breeding workshop.

[0060] Purple-red LED lights were installed above each breeding pond, and different breeding ponds were illuminated according to the light intensity gradient. One of the breeding ponds used natural light in the greenhouse as the control group, with irradiation for 12 hours per day.

[0061] The other breeding processes are the same as those provided in Example 1. Finally, the body color changes of rainbow trout in each breeding pond are measured. The measurement standard is the same as that in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 3 below:

[0062] Table 3 Silverization of each group

[0063] Light intensity (Lx) Silverization degree Control group 0 750 0 1000 +1 1250 +1 1500 +2 1750 +2 2000 +1

[0064] (3) Experimental conclusion

[0065] According to the contents of Table 3, the silvering effect of rainbow trout body color is best under the light intensity of 1500Lx and 1750Lx. Light with too weak light intensity has no substantial effect or little effect on the silvering of rainbow trout body color, and light with too high light intensity will also cause the silvering effect of rainbow trout body color to decrease. The silvering effect of body color is best under the light intensity of 1500Lx and 1750Lx. In consideration of cost saving, the light intensity of 1500Lx is used as the most suitable light intensity for the regulation of rainbow trout body color silvering.

[0066] Embodiment 4:

[0067] Based on the above examples, this example further verifies the effect of water flow rate on the silvering of rainbow trout body color, and in particular conducts the following experiment:

[0068] (1) Experimental Materials

[0069] Same as the above embodiment.

[0070] (2) Experimental process

[0071] Set up three identical breeding ponds, each with a volume of 283m 3 , 100 healthy and marketable rainbow trout are placed in each breeding pond.

[0072] The breeding conditions in each breeding pond are the same and are all carried out in an indoor breeding workshop.

[0073] A purple-red LED light with a light intensity of 1500Lx was set above each breeding pond, and the light was irradiated for 12 hours a day. Different breeding ponds were adjusted by pumps to fix the water flow rate in the pool. One breeding pond used natural water flow, one breeding pond set the water flow rate in the pool to 1.2bl / s, and one breeding pond set the water flow rate in the pool to 2.4bl / s. The water flow rate control was stopped during feeding from 9:00-11:00 and 18:00-20:00 every day to keep the water still for rainbow trout to feed.

[0074] The other breeding process is the same as the breeding process provided in Example 1. Finally, the color change of rainbow trout in each breeding pond is measured, and the measurement standard is the same as in Example 1. The results are recorded as shown in Table 4 below:

[0075] Table 4 Silverization of each group

[0076] Light intensity (Lx) Silver degree Control group 0 1.2bl / s +3 2.4bl / s +1

[0077] (3) Experimental conclusion

[0078] According to the contents of Table 4, the silvering effect of rainbow trout is best when the water flow rate is 1.2bl / s and the purple-red LED light source is used. The moderate water flow rate regulation provides a certain amount of exercise stimulation for rainbow trout, promotes the expression of genes related to the growth and development of pigment cells such as iridophores, can better reflect external light sources, and is conducive to improving body color. Excessive water flow rate has the opposite effect on the silvering of rainbow trout's body color. This may be because the higher flow rate forces rainbow trout to be under stronger exercise stress, which produces stress and affects the change of body color.

[0079] Embodiment 5:

[0080] Based on the above examples, this example further verifies the effect of water flow rate on the muscle growth of rainbow trout, and specifically conducts the following experiments:

[0081] (1) Experimental Materials

[0082] Same as the above embodiment.

[0083] (2) Experimental process

[0084] Different breeding ponds are set according to the water flow rate in the fixed ponds by adjusting the water pump. One of the breeding ponds uses natural water flow, one breeding pond sets the water flow rate in the pond to 1.2bl / s, and one breeding pond sets the water flow rate in the pond to 2.4bl / s. The water flow rate control is stopped during feeding from 9:00-11:00 and 18:00-20:00 every day to keep the water still for rainbow trout to feed. The breeding conditions of each breeding pond are the same and are all carried out in an indoor breeding workshop.

[0085] The other breeding process is the same as that provided in Example 1. Finally, the change in the cross-sectional area of ​​the rainbow trout muscle fibers in each breeding pond is measured. The results are recorded as follows: Figure 1 shown.

[0086] (3) Experimental conclusion

[0087] according to Figure 1 It can be seen from the content that the cross-sectional area of ​​muscle fibers of rainbow trout increased significantly at a water flow rate of 1.2 bl / s. At a water flow rate of 2.4 bl / s, the promoting effect on the increase of muscle fiber cross-sectional area was not as good as that at a water flow rate of 1.2 bl / s.

[0088] Embodiment 6:

[0089] Based on the experimental results of the above embodiments, this embodiment provides a complete method for regulating and controlling the silvering of rainbow trout body color, which is as follows:

[0090] Install purple-red LED lights with a lighting power of no less than 5 watts / square meter and a light intensity of 1500Lx on the breeding pond where rainbow trout are located, and adjust the water flow rate of the breeding pond to 1.2bl / s through a water pump. Keep the dissolved oxygen in the breeding pond at 7mg / L~8mg / L, the temperature at 16℃~18℃, the pH at 6.5~6.8, and the ammonia nitrogen content at no more than 0.0075mg / L. Irradiate the rainbow trout in the breeding pond with purple-red LED light for 12 hours every day, and stop water flow control when feeding from 9:00-11:00 and 18:00-20:00 every day to keep the water still for rainbow trout to feed. Feed conventional commercial feed twice a day, and then catch the rainbow trout after at least 30 days of cultivation.

[0091] The body color of rainbow trout before cultivation, such as Figure 2 As shown, the body color of the cultured rainbow trout is Figure 3 shown.

[0092] It can be seen that by installing purple-red LED light sources to change the number and arrangement of rainbow trout skin pigment cell clusters through light color, and by controlling the water flow rate to create a movement effect, the silvering of rainbow trout body color can be regulated. The effect is significant, which can significantly improve the appearance of rainbow trout and increase its economic value.

[0093] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for promoting the silvering of rainbow trout body color, characterized in that: Before catching rainbow trout, culture them for at least thirty days using at least one of the following two measures: (1) Place LED light sources above rainbow trout breeding ponds to change the color of the water in the breeding ponds; (2) Install a water pump in the rainbow trout breeding pond to change the water flow rate in the breeding pond.

2. The method for promoting the silvering of rainbow trout body color according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the measure (1), the color of the purple-red LED light source placed above the rainbow trout breeding pond is at least one of red, blue, purple and purple-red.

3. A method for promoting the silvering of rainbow trout body color according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: In the measure (1), the light intensity of the LED light source installed above the rainbow trout breeding pond is 1000 LX ~ 2000 LX.

4. A method for promoting the silvering of rainbow trout body color according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: In the above measure (1), the lighting power of the LED light source installed above the rainbow trout breeding pond shall not be less than 5W / m 2 .

5. A method for promoting the silvering of rainbow trout body color according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: In the measure (1), the LED light source installed above the rainbow trout breeding pond illuminates for 12 hours a day.

6. A method for promoting the silvering of rainbow trout body color according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: In the measure (2), a water pump is installed in the rainbow trout breeding pond to make the water flow rate in the breeding pond be 1.2 bl / s ~2.4 bl / s.

7. A method for promoting the silvering of rainbow trout body color according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: In the measure (2), the water pump installed in the rainbow trout breeding pond operates for 20 hours a day.

8. A method for promoting the silvering of rainbow trout body color according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The inner volume of the rainbow trout breeding pond is 283m³, and each breeding pond is stocked with 100 rainbow trouts that are healthy and of saleable specifications.

9. A method for promoting the silvering of rainbow trout body color according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The breeding parameters in the rainbow trout breeding pond are: dissolved oxygen of 7 mg / L~8 mg / L, temperature of 16°C~18°C, pH of 6.5~6.8, and ammonia nitrogen content of no more than 0.0075 mg / L.

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