Pig raising and subsequent manure pollution treatment system method

Abstract

The invention discloses a pig raising and subsequent manure pollution treatment system method, which comprises the following steps of: generating pig manure with different nutrient structures through a pig raising and collecting method in combination with a novel formula of pig feed, taking the pig manure as a main material, adding corn straws or sawdust as an auxiliary material, performing aerobic composting, generating an organic fertilizer, detecting the organic fertilizer, and detecting the detected organic fertilizer. According to the detection result, after the nutritional ingredients of the feed are regulated and controlled, the excrement treatment effect at the tail end of the breeding chain is further adjusted, organic combination of feed management and excrement management is achieved, and the synergistic effect of the whole breeding chain is fully exerted; according to the method, organic connection of feed nutrition regulation and manure treatment can be realized through specific influence of feed nutrition regulation on the composting effect in terminal manure treatment of the breeding chain, so that the synergistic benefit of the whole breeding chain is maximized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of feces detection methods, and in particular to a pig farming and subsequent feces pollution treatment system method. Background Art

[0002] There are a large number of nutrients in poultry manure, mainly from undigested substances in the diet and the end products of normal metabolism. The amount and composition of fresh manure discharged by livestock and poultry may vary depending on the initial composition of the diet. For example, in a typical pig diet, crude protein is usually overfed due to the availability of dietary ingredients and the high economic availability of crystalline amino acids, and excess nutrients are excreted. The source, form and level of dietary ingredients will affect the effectiveness, excretion level and form of nutrition. Understanding the utilization of nutrients in the diet is essential for formulating a diet that meets the production needs of animals. In production practice, dietary nutritional regulation has a direct impact on the utilization efficiency of various nutrients in livestock and poultry farming. Due to the metabolism of microorganisms in the animal digestive tract, feces will release gaseous compounds with odor after excretion, and may continue to decompose during storage, resulting in gas emissions and odor diffusion, which in turn has a negative impact on air quality. Given that animals are the initial source of nutrient excretion and odor generation, controlling excessive nutrient excretion and reducing gas emissions by regulating animal diet has become a practical and economical method.

[0003] Reducing the crude protein content of the diet by supplementing crystalline amino acids is an example of feed nutrition regulation technology. Pig producers do not need to renovate buildings or change management methods, but only need to re-formulate the feed ratio and use existing infrastructure to reduce fecal gas emissions. Kerr et al. found that by reducing the protein level of the diet by 2.5%, the pH, ammonia, isovaleric acid and phenol concentrations in the feces can be reduced. Yue Longyao's research shows that by reducing the protein ratio in the diet and supplementing industrial amino acids, the nitrogen content in the feces will decrease by 8.4% for every 1% decrease in protein level.

[0004] Among various treatment solutions for manure resource utilization, aerobic composting is widely used and promoted due to its environmental friendliness, low cost and ability to convert harmful substances into value-added products. Aerobic composting is a biochemical process that takes place in an oxygen-sufficient environment. Through the biological oxidation activity of aerobic microorganisms, organic matter is decomposed, mineralized and further converted into stable humus.

[0005] Aerobic composting technology can effectively treat livestock and poultry manure harmlessly, reduce its volume, and recycle its resources. It can also increase the organic matter content of the soil, promote efficient land circulation and sustainable development, and thus maintain soil health and ecological balance. The effect of composting is affected by many factors, the key of which include temperature, moisture content, carbon-nitrogen ratio, pH value, and auxiliary material type.

[0006] Using feed nutrition regulation technology to optimize the effect of manure composting not only helps to reduce costs, but more importantly, it can closely link feed management at the beginning of the breeding chain with manure management at the end, thereby fully exerting the synergistic effect of the entire chain. Based on the above considerations, this experiment chose to use aerobic composting, mainly to explore the effects of different feed nutrition structures and auxiliary material types on the degree of maturity and greenhouse gas and harmful gas emissions during composting. We hope that by adjusting the nutritional composition of the feed, we can effectively affect the composting effect of manure treatment at the end of the breeding chain and provide a certain scientific basis for related practices. Summary of the invention

[0007] The object of the present invention is to provide a pig farming and subsequent manure pollution treatment system method.

[0008] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0009] A method for pig farming and subsequent manure pollution treatment system, which uses a pig feeding and collection method in conjunction with a new type of adjustable pig feed to make pigs produce pig manure with different nutrient structures, uses pig manure as the main ingredient, and adds corn stalks or sawdust as auxiliary materials to conduct aerobic composting testing, and adjusts the nutrient content of the feed according to the test results, and then adjusts the manure treatment effect at the end of the breeding chain, thereby achieving an organic combination of feed management and manure management, so that the synergistic effect of the entire breeding chain can be effectively fed back and exerted.

[0010] Preferably, the pig breeding and collection method comprises the following:

[0011] S1. Construction of experimental pig house

[0012] Select a suitable farm or breeding base, build a test pig house with a length of 20m-30m, a width of 5m-8m, and a height of 3m-4m. A monitoring room is set on one side of the test pig house, and a master controller is set in the monitoring room. The test pig house has a hardened cement floor. The side walls and ceiling of the test pig house are made of thermal insulation composite board structure. The ceiling is a folding composite board, and the lower end of the ceiling is connected to the top of the side wall through a slide rail mechanism;

[0013] A monitor is provided in the experimental pig house, and visual recognition sensors are provided on the side walls at the lower ends of the four corners of the ceiling. The visual recognition sensors are connected to the visual recognition control terminal in the master controller through a line. The visual recognition control terminal is provided with a feces recognition model unit, which can recognize whether the breeding pigs in the experimental pig house have defecation and record the defecation time;

[0014] S2. Establish a feeding organization

[0015] A pig fence is arranged in the pig house, and the pig fence is divided into 2-4 groups of fence compartments. A feed feeding mechanism is arranged outside each fence compartment, and the feed feeding mechanism includes a plurality of feeding grain boxes, and an electromagnetic valve is arranged at the lower outlet of the feeding box, a flow meter is arranged in the electromagnetic valve, an electronic timer is arranged on the electromagnetic valve, and the electromagnetic valve is connected to the feeding controller in the master controller through a line;

[0016] S3. Put piglets in the pig house with a breeding density of 1.5-2 square meters per head. Mark each piglet, vaccinate and deworm the piglets regularly. When the piglets weigh 7kg-45kg, feed them once every 1-2 days, and record their weight every 5 days. When the pigs weigh 45kg-100kg, feed them once every 3-4 days.

[0017] Preferably, the pig feed in the feed feeding mechanism is equipped with a low-protein carbon-nitrogen adapted diet, and the low-protein carbon-nitrogen adapted diet uses a low-cost fast-digestible starch raw material;

[0018] The ingredients included in the pig feed include basic nutritional ingredients, combined added ingredients and amino acid additive ingredients;

[0019] The basic nutrients include corn, cassava flour, barley, soybean meal, and wheat bran; the combined added ingredients include corn protein meal, soybean oil, calcium hydrogen phosphate, stone powder, salt, and premixes; the amino acid additive ingredients include lysine, methionine, threonine, tryptophan, valine, isoleucine, and leucine.

[0020] Preferably, corn, cassava flour, barley, soybean meal, and wheat bran account for 26.63%, 36.00%, 13.50%, 13.26%, and 3.39% of the entire pig feed, respectively;

[0021] Corn gluten meal, soybean oil, calcium hydrogen phosphate, stone powder, salt, and premix account for 2.00%, 0.50%, 1.71%, 0.30%, 0.30%, and 1.00% of the entire pig feed respectively;

[0022] The proportions of lysine, methionine, threonine, tryptophan, valine, isoleucine and leucine in the entire pig feed are 0.5%-0.53%, 0.2%-0.22%, 0.25%-0.27%, 0.05%-0.07%, 0.16%-0.17%, 0.13%-0.15% and 0.05%-0.07% respectively.

[0023] Preferably, during the pig breeding and collection method, pig manure is collected and processed as follows:

[0024] Step A1, analyzing the changes in basic indicators, maturity indicators and microbial community structure of different treatment groups, and treating pig manure;

[0025] Step A2, during the pig manure treatment, by combining different breeds of pig feed with different ratios, the aerobic composting maturity of the pig manure under different ratios is compared and marked;

[0026] Step A3, studying the effects of diet nutritional structure and auxiliary material type on pollutant reduction and control during aerobic composting of pig manure, reducing the generation of pollutants during composting through pig manure control measures, improving the environmental friendliness of composting, and combining the aerobic composting maturity to select the optimal control measures under the appropriate ratio to obtain the best aerobic composting maturity.

[0027] Preferably, the control means in step A3 includes: using different amounts of corn stalks or different amounts of sawdust as auxiliary materials and pig manure for resource processing of untreated pig manure.

[0028] Preferably, the treatment of pig manure includes a composting test, and the composting test includes the following:

[0029] Step B1, using a composting reactor barrel, wrapping the outer layer of each container with heat insulation cotton, and covering the top of each container with a layer of pearl cotton foam board, with two small holes opened for easy filling and emptying;

[0030] Step B2, the customized gas collection equipment is a gas collecting box and a base, and a hole is opened in the square box to facilitate gas collection and detection;

[0031] Step B3, the composting method adopts high temperature aerobic composting;

[0032] Step B4, composting was carried out for 47 days, and the temperature of the compost was measured every morning and gas samples such as harmful gases and greenhouse gases were collected;

[0033] Step B5, fully turning and mixing the compost material on the 0th, 5th, 11th, 18th, 25th, 35th and 47th days of the test, and collecting samples before refilling the barrel to ensure uniform sampling;

[0034] Step B6, collecting a sample after each turning of the compost, about 200 g of the sample is collected, and the collected sample is divided into three portions;

[0035] The first fresh sample was stored in a refrigerator at 4°C for determination of pH, conductivity, nitrate nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen seed germination index and other indicators;

[0036] The second sample was placed in an oven and dried at 105°C to determine its moisture content.

[0037] The third sample was stored in a refrigerator at -80°C for determination of the microbial community structure.

[0038] Preferably, the composting process is used to determine the pig feed components that affect pig growth, and after adjusting the pig feed components, the optimal feed ratio is determined.

[0039] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0040] In the system method disclosed in the present invention, a new integrated system method for breeding pigs and subsequent manure pollution treatment is first proposed, and a new formula of pig feed is proposed in the method. Combined with comparative breeding under specific environment and adjustable pig manure composting method, the optimal ratio in the new adjustable pig feed formula under different conditions can be obtained, thereby realizing the optimized feed formula suitable for different pigs. The feed formula not only takes into account the suitability of pig growth, but also takes into account the composting treatment of pig manure.

[0041] This method can achieve the specific influence of feed nutrition regulation on the composting effect in the terminal manure treatment of the breeding chain, and then realize the organic connection between feed nutrition regulation and manure treatment, so as to maximize the synergistic benefits of the entire breeding chain.

[0042] The newly formulated pig feed uses cassava and barley, which can be quickly digested and release glucose in the pig digestive tract, to match the digestion and absorption rate of synthetic amino acids. Compared with traditional pig feed, the feed of the present invention can make amino acids and glucose release relatively synchronously under in vitro simulated conditions. This in vitro simulation method is widely used to evaluate the digestion and absorption of nutrients and can effectively reflect the digestion and absorption rate of nutrients in pigs. The synchronous release of carbohydrates and amino acids can effectively improve nutrient utilization efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0043] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of pig farming and subsequent manure pollution treatment system method.

[0044] Figure 2 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of a reaction barrel.

[0045] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the experimental pig house.

[0046] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the feed feeding mechanism. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the temperature changes during different composting treatments. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the change in moisture content during the composting process. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the changes in pH during the composting stage. Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the change in electrical conductivity between different treatment groups during aerobic composting. Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the changes in ammonium nitrogen between different treatment groups during aerobic composting. Fig.10 Schematic diagram of the changes in nitrate nitrogen between different treatment groups during aerobic composting. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

[0048] Example 1

[0049] A pig raising and subsequent manure pollution treatment system method, through the pig raising and collecting method, and with the use of a new type of pig feed, the pigs produce pig manure with different protein levels per day, the pig manure is used as the main material, and corn stalks or sawdust are added as auxiliary materials, and aerobic composting detection is carried out. According to the test results, the nutritional content of the feed is adjusted, and then the manure treatment effect at the end of the breeding chain is adjusted, so as to achieve an organic combination of feed management and manure management, so that the synergistic effect of the entire breeding chain can be fully exerted.

[0050] Example 2

[0051] Pig feeding collection methods include the following:

[0052] S1. Construction of experimental pig house

[0053] Select a suitable farm or breeding base, and build an experimental pig house 1 with a length of 20-30m, a width of 5-8m, and a height of 3-4m. A monitoring room is set on one side of the experimental pig house, and a main controller is set in the monitoring room. The experimental pig house 1 has a hardened cement floor. The side walls 11 and ceiling 12 of the experimental pig house 1 are thermal insulation composite board structures. The ceiling 12 is a folding composite board. The lower end of the ceiling 12 is connected to the top of the side wall 12 through a slide rail mechanism. The side wall 12 is divided into front and rear side walls and left and right side walls. The slide rail mechanism is installed on the front and rear side walls.

[0054] A telescopic mechanism 3 is provided on the left wall or the right wall, and the telescopic mechanism 3 includes a telescopic base 31, a telescopic hydraulic sleeve 32 connected to the telescopic base 31, and a telescopic end of the telescopic hydraulic sleeve 32 is connected to the ceiling 12 through a connecting rod. The ceiling 12 can open part of the space by telescoping the telescopic hydraulic sleeve 32.

[0055] The foldable roof and telescopic mechanism are designed to provide a growth environment for the breeding pigs that can be analyzed and compared, and to provide environmental data support for subsequent experiments. The purpose of opening part of the space is to allow the breeding pigs to have a comparison between sunlight exposure and no sunlight exposure, to analyze the growth of the breeding pigs themselves and the subsequent treatment of the breeding pigs' feces, so as to provide suitable feed formulas for breeding pigs under different growth conditions. For example, the feed requirements for large-scale pig farming in buildings or sheds and ordinary pig farming will be slightly different.

[0056] A monitor is installed inside the experimental pig house, and visual recognition sensors are installed on the side walls at the lower ends of the four corners of the ceiling 12. The visual recognition sensors are connected to the visual recognition control terminal in the main controller through lines. The visual control terminal is equipped with a feces recognition model unit, which can identify whether the breeding pigs in the experimental pig house have defecated and record the defecation time.

[0057] S2. Establish a feeding organization

[0058] A pig house fence is set in the pig house, and the pig house fence is divided into 2-4 groups of fence compartments. A feed feeding mechanism 2 is set outside each fence compartment, and the feed feeding mechanism 2 includes multiple feeding grain boxes 21. An electromagnetic valve 22 is set at the lower outlet end of the feeding box 21. A flow meter is set in the electromagnetic valve 22. An electronic timer 23 is set on the electromagnetic valve 22. The electromagnetic valve 22 is connected to the feeding controller in the main controller through a line.

[0059] S3. Put piglets in the pig house with a breeding density of 1.5-2 square meters per head. Mark each piglet, vaccinate and deworm the piglets regularly. When the piglets weigh 7-45kg, feed them once every 1-2 days, and record their weight every 7 days. When the pigs weigh 45-100kg, feed them once every 3-4 days.

[0060] Example 3

[0061] A new formula of pig feed in a feeding mechanism, which uses a low-protein carbon-nitrogen adapted diet. The low-protein carbon-nitrogen adapted diet uses a low-cost fast-digestible starch raw material to improve the synergistic effect between feed raw materials, and reduce feed costs while ensuring the growth rate of pigs. The ingredients included in the pig feed include basic nutrients, combined added ingredients, and amino acid additive ingredients.

[0062] The basic nutrients include corn, cassava flour, barley, soybean meal, and wheat bran; the combined added ingredients include corn protein meal, soybean oil, calcium hydrogen phosphate, stone powder, salt, and premixes; the amino acid additive ingredients include lysine, methionine, threonine, tryptophan, valine, isoleucine, and leucine.

[0063] The pig feed also includes nutritional additives, which include crude protein, calcium, digestible phosphorus, SID Lys, SID SAA, SID Thr, SID Trp, SID Val, SID Ile, and SID Leu. The crude protein, calcium, digestible phosphorus, SID Lys, SID SAA, SID Thr, SID Trp, SID Val, SID Ile, and SID Leu account for 13.50%, 0.63%, 0.27%, 1.01%, 0.58%, 0.63%, 0.18%, 0.63%, 0.57%, and 1.03% of the entire pig feed, respectively.

[0064] In the pig feed formula, corn, cassava flour, barley, soybean meal and wheat bran account for 26.63%, 36.00%, 13.50%, 13.26% and 3.39% of the whole pig feed respectively; corn gluten meal, soybean oil, calcium hydrogen phosphate, stone powder, salt and premix account for 2.00%, 0.50%, 1.71%, 0.30% and 0.30% of the whole pig feed respectively; lysine, methionine, threonine, tryptophan, valine, isoleucine and leucine account for 0.51%, 0.21%, 0.26%, 0.06%, 0.17%, 0.14%, 0.06% and 1.00% of the whole pig feed respectively.

[0065] Compared with the traditional pig feed formula, this formula is a low-protein carbon-nitrogen adapted pig feed formula. The low-protein carbon-nitrogen adapted pig feed formula greatly reduces the amount of conventional feed raw materials (corn and soybean meal), and increases the amount of synthetic amino acids (L-lysine, DL-methionine, L-threonine, L-tryptophan, L-isoleucine, L-leucine) to accurately meet the amino acid nutritional needs of pigs. Because the amount of high-cost feed raw materials is reduced, the waste caused by excessive protein and energy in the feed is reduced, thus effectively reducing the feed price; because the nutritional needs of pigs are accurately met, the growth rate of pigs is not affected.

[0066] The pig feed of the present invention uses corn and wheat bran as medium-speed digestible starch, soybean meal as medium-speed digestible protein, cassava and barley as fast-digestible starch, and various synthetic amino acids and corn protein powder as fast-digestible protein. Because synthetic amino acids can be absorbed in monomer form without digestion, the energy supply speed is relatively slow, and conventional pig feeds often ignore the fast-digestible starch raw materials that match the synthetic amino acids.

[0067] Example 4

[0068] During the pig breeding collection method, pig manure is collected and processed as follows:

[0069] Step A1, analyzing the changes in basic indicators, maturity indicators and microbial community structure of different treatment groups, and treating pig manure;

[0070] Step A2, during the pig manure treatment, by combining different breeds of pig feed with different ratios, the aerobic composting maturity of the pig manure under different ratios is compared and marked;

[0071] Step A3, studying the effects of diet nutritional structure and auxiliary material type on pollutant reduction and control during aerobic composting of pig manure, reducing the generation of pollutants during composting through pig manure control measures, improving the environmental friendliness of composting, and combining the aerobic composting maturity to select the optimal control measures under the appropriate ratio to obtain the best aerobic composting maturity.

[0072] The control means in step A3 include: using different amounts of corn stalks or different amounts of sawdust as auxiliary materials and pig manure for resource processing of untreated pig manure.

[0073] The treatment of pig manure includes composting test, and the contents of composting test include the following:

[0074] Step B1, using a composting reaction barrel with a volume of 500L, wherein the height is 80cm, the upper outer diameter is 104cm, and the lower outer diameter is 85cm. The outer layer of each container is wrapped with insulation cotton with a thickness of about 5cm, and the top of each container is covered with a layer of pearl cotton foam board with a thickness of 3cm, and two small holes are opened for easy filling and emptying;

[0075] Step B2, the customized gas collection equipment is a gas collecting box and a base, the box length, width and height are 45×45×50cm, the base height is 15cm, and a hole is opened in the square box to facilitate gas collection and detection;

[0076] Step B3, high temperature aerobic composting was used for composting. Four treatments were designed. In order to make the moisture content and carbon-nitrogen ratio of the compost material more appropriate, we added a certain amount of auxiliary materials in each treatment to control its carbon-nitrogen ratio and moisture content. We also optimized the composting method by adding 5% fresh weight of zeolite on the basis of the previous stage. The protein levels of the diets were 16% and 13.5% respectively. The composition is shown in Table 2-2. After the materials were evenly mixed, they were placed in a homemade reactor for composting.

[0077] Step B4, composting was carried out for 47 days, and the temperature of the compost was measured and gas samples such as harmful gases and greenhouse gases were collected from 9:00 to 11:00 a.m. every day;

[0078] Step B5, fully turning and mixing the compost material on the 0th, 5th, 11th, 18th, 25th, 35th and 47th days of the test, and collecting samples before refilling the barrel to ensure uniform sampling;

[0079] Step B6, collecting a sample after each turning of the compost, about 200 g of the sample is collected, and the collected sample is divided into three portions;

[0080] The first fresh sample was stored in a refrigerator at 4°C for determination of pH, conductivity, nitrate nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen seed germination index and other indicators;

[0081] The second sample was placed in an oven and dried at 105°C to determine its moisture content.

[0082] The third sample was stored in a refrigerator at -80°C for determination of the microbial community structure.

[0083] The four processes in step B3 are respectively marked as:

[0084] HNSD, HNSD is a high-protein diet combined with pig manure and sawdust;

[0085] HNCS, HNCS is a high-protein diet combined with pig manure and corn straw;

[0086] LNSD: LNSD is a low-protein diet combined with pig manure and sawdust;

[0087] LNCS: LNCS is a low-protein diet that combines pig manure and corn straw.

[0088] Composting is used to determine the pig feed components that affect pig growth. After adjusting the pig feed components, the optimal feed ratio is determined.

[0089] Example 5

[0090] After composting, the determination is carried out, and the determination methods include the following:

[0091] Step C1, determine basic indicators, including temperature and moisture content; the temperature is determined by using a metal probe thermometer to measure the temperature of the pile at 9:00 every day, selecting three points on a straight line from the pile, measuring the temperature of each point 20 cm away from the pile surface, calculating the average temperature, and recording the ambient temperature at the same time; the moisture content is determined by weighing the iron box, recording the mass as m, weighing the fresh sample, recording the mass as m1, placing the fresh sample in an oven at 105°C to a constant weight, weighing it after drying and recording it as m2. Calculate the moisture content according to the formula.

[0092]

[0093] Step C2, determining corrosion indexes, which include pH value, EC value, ammonium nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, and seed germination index; Step C3, determining microbial communities.

[0094] Example 6

[0095] The method for determining the pH value and the EC value comprises the following steps: 4.0 g of a sample is placed in a 100 ml beaker, and the sample is mixed with ultrapure water at a ratio of 1:10, the shaker power is adjusted to 170 r / min, the sample is shaken for 30 minutes, the sample is taken out and allowed to stand for 15 minutes, the pH value is measured with a pH meter, and the EC value is measured with a conductivity meter;

[0096] The determination method of the ammonium nitrogen is as follows:

[0097] Weigh 0.05g of fresh sample, add extracting solution in a ratio of 1:10, set the shaker to 230r / min, shake and extract for 1h, take out and put into centrifuge, centrifuge at 8000g, 25℃ for 15min, take the supernatant for testing; add 10ul extracting solution / sample solution, 40ul reagent ①, 40ul reagent ② to the blank tube / test tube respectively, mix thoroughly and let stand at 25℃ for 1h, then add 10ul reagent ③, mix thoroughly and add to 96-well plate, adjust to zero with ultrapure water, and use an enzyme marker to measure the absorbance value X at 625nm, record them as X blank tube and X test tube respectively, △X=X test tube-X blank tube. Calculate the ammonia nitrogen content according to the formula.

[0098] Ammonium nitrogen (mg / kg) = 13.14 × (△X + 0.0009) ÷ 0.1

[0099] The method for determining nitrate nitrogen includes the following: weigh 0.05g of fresh sample, add extracting solution at a ratio of 1:10, set the shaker to 230r / min, shake and extract for 1h, take out and put into centrifuge, centrifuge at 8000g, 25℃ for 15min, and take the supernatant for testing. Add 5ul ultrapure water and 10ul reagent ① to the blank tube / test tube respectively, mix well and let stand at 25℃ for 30min, then add 237.5ul reagent ② after the end, mix well, vortex and oscillate to fully dissolve the precipitate, transfer 100ul to a 96-well plate, and use an enzyme marker to measure the absorbance value X at 410nm, △X=Xtest tube-Xblank tube, and calculate the nitrate nitrogen content according to the formula:

[0100] Nitrate nitrogen (mg / kg) = 128.2 × (△X-0.0073) ÷ 0.1

[0101] The seed germination index: 4.0g of sample was placed in a 100ml beaker, and the sample was mixed with ultrapure water at a ratio of 1:10. The shaking table power was adjusted to 170r / min, and the shaking was performed for 30min. After the shaker was taken out, it was allowed to stand for 15min. 8 full cucumber seeds were evenly placed in a clean and sterile culture dish (with filter paper), 5ml of filtrate was taken in the culture dish, and then it was placed in a constant temperature incubator, and cultured at 25°C in the dark for 48h. Ultrapure water was used as a blank control:

[0102]

[0103] After the determination was completed, statistics and analysis were performed using SPSS Statistics 19.0 and Microsoft Excel 2016 for data collation and analysis, and GraphPad Prism for graph drawing.

[0104] Example 7

[0105] After the above experiment was completed, the data of each factor were obtained. The temperature change trend of the compost in each treatment is as follows: Figure 5 shown.

[0106] The temperature can effectively determine the degree of degradation of reactor materials. Figure 5 It can be seen that the temperature of the four treatment groups generally trended from warming period to high temperature period to cooling period to low temperature period. In the first five days of composting, the HNSD and HNCS groups had a short-term warming trend, while the temperature of the LNSD and LNCS groups was closer to room temperature. This may be due to the initial incomplete turning of the compost, which resulted in a tight structure of the compost, which was not conducive to the fermentation of aerobic microorganisms. The temperature of all treatment groups decreased on the sixth day and began to rise on the seventh day. Because the compost was turned on the fifth day, each turning would cause a temporary drop in temperature, but turning the compost would increase the looseness of the compost and provide more oxygen to the microorganisms, so the temperature of the compost would recover quickly and continue to rise.

[0107] The HNSD and HNCS groups entered the high temperature period of composting (temperature>50℃) on the eighth day, and the high temperature period lasted for 17 days, with the highest temperatures being 65.3℃ and 73℃ respectively. The temperature of the LNSD and LNCS treatments generally rose slowly, entering the high temperature period 3 and 6 days later than the first two groups, respectively, and the high temperature period lasted for 13 and 15 days, respectively, with the highest temperatures being 61.3℃ and 64.3℃.

[0108] The microbial activity in low-protein diet pig manure is low, so the temperature of the compost rises slowly and the highest temperature is relatively low. After 23 days of composting, the temperature of each treatment group began to drop continuously. During this period, the organic matter in the pile continued to decrease. After 35 days, the temperature of the pile was basically the same as the room temperature, and turning the pile would not affect the temperature. This proves that the organic matter in the pile has been basically decomposed and utilized by microorganisms and has entered the mature stage. On the last day of the composting period, the temperature of the four treatments dropped to 30℃, 30.3℃, 29.7℃, and 30℃, and the difference was not significant (P>0.05).

[0109] Figure 6 The change of moisture content during the composting process can be seen.

[0110] The moisture content of each treatment is on a downward trend. The moisture content of the four piles at the beginning of composting is about 60%, which is suitable for the reproduction and growth of microorganisms. The moisture content will affect the entire composting process. Too high will lead to the formation of an anaerobic environment, and too low will be unfavorable for the decomposition of composting microorganisms. In the first five days of composting, the moisture content decreased, which may be because the lid was not placed on the compost barrel in the early stage, resulting in a certain amount of volatilization of water. After that, each treatment group began to enter the temperature rise stage, and the increase in moisture content can be clearly seen. It may be that during the temperature rise period, a large number of microorganisms began to use the organic matter in the pile, and the water in it was analyzed out, resulting in an increase in moisture content. From the 18th to the 25th day of composting, the moisture content decreased significantly, which may be due to the high temperature of each pile during this period, and a large amount of water was evaporated, which significantly reduced the moisture content. The moisture content of the four treatments of HNSD, HNCS, LNSD, and LNCS at the end of composting was 51.7%, 52%, 51.1%, and 50.9%.

[0111] Figure 7 A change in pH can be seen.

[0112] In the initial stage of composting, the pH of the four treatment groups was between 6.5 and 7.2, while the pH of the LNSD and LNCS groups was lower than that of the HNSD and HNCS groups, which may be because feeding a low-protein diet would reduce the nitrogen content in the feces, resulting in a lower pH. The pH values ​​of the HNSD and HNCS groups were on an upward trend in the first two weeks of composting. At the same time, ammonia was also produced in large quantities in these two groups, indicating that part of the organic acid in the pile was decomposed and more ammonium nitrogen was generated, causing the pH to rise. From day 16 to day 35, the pH of the high-protein treatment group slowly decreased. This was because the organic matter in the pile was gradually decreasing, the ammonium nitrogen production was low, and it would be converted into ammonia and discharged, and the increase in the temperature of the pile would create an anaerobic environment, and some sulfide gas would be produced, thereby lowering the pH. The pH values ​​of the LNSD and LNCS groups were on a downward trend in the early stage of composting because the organic matter was decomposed to generate part of the organic acid. After the 11th day, the pH of the two groups showed an upward trend, which coincided with the time of ammonia emission. However, the pH value of the LNCS treatment was higher than that of the LNSD treatment. This may be because the structure of the corn stalks is relatively loose, oxygen is more easily introduced into the pile, and the amount of H2S and other gases generated is relatively small. After the maturity period, the pH of the four treatments of HNSD, HNCS, LNSD, and LNCS were 7.9, 8.1, 8.2, and 8.5, respectively, which were between 7 and 9, meeting the standard requirements for weak alkalinity of compost products.

[0113] Figure 8 The changes in electrical conductivity between different treatment groups during aerobic composting are shown in the figure.

[0114] Conductivity reflects the content of soluble salt ions in the pile. Too high a value will produce toxicity and hinder the germination and growth of plants. The overall EC value follows a trend of first rising and then falling. The initial conductivity values ​​of each treatment are 3153us / cm, 3231us / cm, 3118us / cm, and 3169us / cm. In the first 5 days, the EC value increased rapidly because of the large amount of decomposition of organic matter in the pile, which produced water-soluble salt ions. From the 5th to the 11th day, as the temperature rose, the soluble salts in the pile were utilized, resulting in a decrease in conductivity. In the 11-18 day stage, the EC value of the HNSD treatment group increased significantly, probably because the organic matter was rapidly degraded and sodium, potassium and other ions were produced. From the 25th to the 47th day, the conductivity of the four treatment groups fluctuated slightly and basically tended to be stable. After the composting was completed, the EC values ​​of the four groups, HNSD, HNCS, LNSD, and LNCS, were 3004us / cm, 3031us / cm, 3029us / cm, and 3009us / cm, respectively. Studies have shown that when the EC value is less than 4000us / cm, the application of organic fertilizer will not affect plant germination.

[0115] Fig. 9This is a graph showing the changes in ammonium nitrogen between different treatment groups during aerobic composting.

[0116] The NH4+-N content of the four treatment groups showed a trend of first decreasing and then gradually stabilizing. The initial values ​​of each treatment were 550g / kg DM, 589g / kg DM, 536g / kg DM, and 592g / kg DM, respectively. The initial content of ammonium nitrogen in the low-protein treatment group was relatively low, similar to the pH situation. In the first 11 days, the ammonium nitrogen content of the HNSD, HNCS, LNSD, and LNCS treatments decreased rapidly, while the temperature also rose rapidly, and a large amount of ammonia was produced, indicating that ammonium nitrogen was discharged in the form of ammonia. The HNCS group had the largest decrease in ammonium nitrogen, which was consistent with its ammonia emission. The LNCS treatment had a rapid decrease in ammonium nitrogen content from 11 to 18 days, which corresponded to the rapid increase in ammonia. In the later stage of composting, due to the decrease in temperature and the degradation of most organic matter, the oxygen content in the pile was relatively sufficient, and the ammonium nitrogen in the HNSD and HNCS groups was used by nitrifying bacteria to generate nitrate nitrogen through nitrification, thereby reducing the content. At the end, the ammonium nitrogen contents of the four treatments were reduced by 90.47%, 86.62%, 89.45% and 92.73%, respectively.

[0117] Fig.10 This is a graph showing the changes in nitrate nitrogen between different treatment groups during aerobic composting.

[0118] The content of nitrate nitrogen is greatly affected by temperature, and the overall trend is to decrease first and then gradually stabilize. In the initial stage of composting, the contents of the four groups of HNSD, HNCS, LNSD, and LNCS were 65.89 mg / kg DM, 55.63 mg / kg DM, 75.26 mg / kg DM, and 68.24 mg / kg DM. In the first 5 days, the content of nitrate nitrogen decreased slightly. This may be due to the relatively tight structure of the pile in the early stage of composting, and the low oxygen content in the unit space. This anaerobic environment will increase the activity of denitrifying bacteria, prompting it to convert nitrate nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen into nitrous oxide gas for release. From the 5th to the 11th day, the temperature of the pile rose rapidly, and a large amount of oxygen was consumed, which aggravated the anaerobic environment of the entire composting, and correspondingly caused an increase in the generation of nitrous oxide gas, resulting in a significant decrease in the content of nitrate nitrogen. From the 11th to the 18th day, the overall nitrate nitrogen content decreased slowly. This is because the high temperature will weaken the activity of denitrifying bacteria and reduce the rate of nitrous oxide generation. The nitrate nitrogen content of HNSD treatment increased slightly on the 18th to 25th day, which may be due to the fact that water supplementation promoted the nitrification of nitrifying bacteria and the conversion of ammonium nitrogen to nitrate nitrogen. From then on until the end of the composting period, the change of nitrate nitrogen was very stable, and the final nitrate nitrogen content of each treatment group was 12.65-16.03 mg / kg.

[0119] Example 8

[0120] A method for pig farming and subsequent manure pollution treatment system, which uses a pig feeding and collection method in conjunction with a new type of adjustable pig feed to make pigs produce pig manure with different nutrient structures, uses pig manure as the main ingredient, and adds corn stalks or sawdust as auxiliary materials to conduct aerobic composting testing, and adjusts the nutrient content of the feed according to the test results, and then adjusts the manure treatment effect at the end of the breeding chain, thereby achieving an organic combination of feed management and manure management, so that the synergistic effect of the entire breeding chain can be effectively fed back and exerted.

[0121] Pig feeding collection methods include the following:

[0122] S1. Construction of experimental pig house

[0123] Select a suitable farm or breeding base, build a test pig house with a length of 20m-30m, a width of 5m-8m, and a height of 3m-4m. A monitoring room is set on one side of the test pig house, and a master controller is set in the monitoring room. The test pig house has a hardened cement floor. The side walls and ceiling of the test pig house are made of thermal insulation composite board structure. The ceiling is a folding composite board, and the lower end of the ceiling is connected to the top of the side wall through a slide rail mechanism;

[0124] A monitor is provided in the experimental pig house, and visual recognition sensors are provided on the side walls at the lower ends of the four corners of the ceiling. The visual recognition sensors are connected to the visual recognition control terminal in the master controller through a line. The visual recognition control terminal is provided with a feces recognition model unit, which can recognize whether the breeding pigs in the experimental pig house have defecation and record the defecation time;

[0125] S2. Establish a feeding organization

[0126] A pig fence is arranged in the pig house, and the pig fence is divided into 2-4 groups of fence compartments. A feed feeding mechanism is arranged outside each fence compartment, and the feed feeding mechanism includes a plurality of feeding grain boxes, and an electromagnetic valve is arranged at the lower outlet of the feeding box, a flow meter is arranged in the electromagnetic valve, an electronic timer is arranged on the electromagnetic valve, and the electromagnetic valve is connected to the feeding controller in the master controller through a line;

[0127] S3. Put piglets in the pig house with a breeding density of 1.5-2 square meters per head. Mark each piglet, vaccinate and deworm the piglets regularly. When the piglets weigh 7kg-45kg, feed them once every 1-2 days, and record their weight every 5 days. When the pigs weigh 45kg-100kg, feed them once every 3-4 days.

[0128] Preferably, the pig feed in the feed feeding mechanism is equipped with a low-protein carbon-nitrogen adapted diet, and the low-protein carbon-nitrogen adapted diet uses a low-cost fast-digestible starch raw material;

[0129] The ingredients included in the pig feed include basic nutritional ingredients, combined added ingredients and amino acid additive ingredients;

[0130] The basic nutrients include corn, cassava flour, barley, soybean meal, and wheat bran; the combined added ingredients include corn protein meal, soybean oil, calcium hydrogen phosphate, stone powder, salt, and premixes; the amino acid additive ingredients include lysine, methionine, threonine, tryptophan, valine, isoleucine, and leucine.

[0131] Preferably, corn, cassava flour, barley, soybean meal, and wheat bran account for 26.63%, 36.00%, 13.50%, 13.26%, and 3.39% of the entire pig feed, respectively;

[0132] Corn gluten meal, soybean oil, calcium hydrogen phosphate, stone powder, salt, and premix account for 2.00%, 0.50%, 1.71%, 0.30%, 0.30%, and 1.00% of the entire pig feed respectively;

[0133] The proportions of lysine, methionine, threonine, tryptophan, valine, isoleucine and leucine in the entire pig feed are 0.5%-0.53%, 0.2%-0.22%, 0.25%-0.27%, 0.05%-0.07%, 0.16%-0.17%, 0.13%-0.15% and 0.05%-0.07% respectively.

[0134] During the pig breeding collection method, pig manure is collected and processed as follows:

[0135] Step A1, analyzing the changes in basic indicators, maturity indicators and microbial community structure of different treatment groups, and treating pig manure;

[0136] Step A2, during the pig manure treatment, by combining different breeds of pig feed with different ratios, the aerobic composting maturity of the pig manure under different ratios is compared and marked;

[0137] Step A3, studying the effects of diet nutritional structure and auxiliary material type on pollutant reduction and control during aerobic composting of pig manure, reducing the generation of pollutants during composting through pig manure control measures, improving the environmental friendliness of composting, and combining the aerobic composting maturity to select the optimal control measures under the appropriate ratio to obtain the best aerobic composting maturity.

[0138] The control means in step A3 include: using different amounts of corn stalks or different amounts of sawdust as auxiliary materials and pig manure for resource processing of untreated pig manure.

[0139] Preferably, the treatment of pig manure includes a composting test, and the composting test includes the following:

[0140] Step B1, using a composting reactor barrel, wrapping the outer layer of each container with heat insulation cotton, and covering the top of each container with a layer of pearl cotton foam board, with two small holes opened for easy filling and emptying;

[0141] Step B2, the customized gas collection equipment is a gas collecting box and a base, and a hole is opened in the square box to facilitate gas collection and detection;

[0142] Step B3, the composting method adopts high temperature aerobic composting;

[0143] Step B4, composting was carried out for 47 days, and the temperature of the compost was measured every morning and gas samples such as harmful gases and greenhouse gases were collected;

[0144] Step B5, fully turning and mixing the compost material on the 0th, 5th, 11th, 18th, 25th, 35th and 47th days of the test, and collecting samples before refilling the barrel to ensure uniform sampling;

[0145] Composting is used to determine the pig feed components that affect pig growth. After adjusting the pig feed components, the optimal feed ratio is determined.

[0146] Therefore, in the system method disclosed in the present invention, a new adjustable formula is used, and in the new adjustable formula, the optimized pig feed adapted to different environments is obtained under different test conditions. Cassava and barley that can be quickly digested and release glucose in the pig digestive tract are used in the feed to match the digestion and absorption rate of synthetic amino acids. Compared with traditional pig feed, the feed of the present invention can make amino acids and glucose release relatively synchronously under in vitro simulated conditions. This in vitro simulation method is widely used to evaluate the digestion and absorption of nutrients, and can effectively reflect the digestion and absorption rate of nutrients in pigs. The synchronous release of carbohydrates and amino acids can effectively improve nutrient utilization efficiency.

[0147] Of course, the above description is not a limitation of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above examples. Changes, modifications, additions or substitutions made by technicians in this technical field within the essential scope of the present invention should also fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pig farming and subsequent fecal pollution treatment system method, characterized in that: Through the pig feeding and collection method, combined with the use of a new type of adjustable pig feed, pigs can produce pig manure with different nutrient structures. Pig manure is used as the main ingredient, and corn stalks or sawdust are added as auxiliary materials for aerobic composting testing. According to the test results, the nutritional composition of the feed is adjusted, and the feces treatment effect at the end of the breeding chain is adjusted to achieve an organic combination of feed management and feces management, so that the synergistic effect of the entire breeding chain can be effectively fed back and exerted.

2. A pig farming and subsequent fecal pollution treatment system method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pig breeding and collection method comprises the following steps: S1. Construction of experimental pig house Select a suitable farm or breeding base, build a test pig house with a length of 20m-30m, a width of 5m-8m, and a height of 3m-4m. A monitoring room is set on one side of the test pig house, and a master controller is set in the monitoring room. The test pig house has a hardened cement floor. The side walls and ceiling of the test pig house are made of thermal insulation composite board structure. The ceiling is a folding composite board, and the lower end of the ceiling is connected to the top of the side wall through a slide rail mechanism; A monitor is provided in the experimental pig house, and visual recognition sensors are provided on the side walls at the lower ends of the four corners of the ceiling. The visual recognition sensors are connected to the visual recognition control terminal in the master controller through a line. The visual recognition control terminal is provided with a feces recognition model unit, which can recognize whether the breeding pigs in the experimental pig house have defecation and record the defecation time; S2. Establish a feeding organization A pig fence is arranged in the pig house, and the pig fence is divided into 2-4 groups of fence compartments. A feed feeding mechanism is arranged outside each fence compartment, and the feed feeding mechanism includes a plurality of feeding grain boxes, and an electromagnetic valve is arranged at the lower outlet of the feeding box, a flow meter is arranged in the electromagnetic valve, an electronic timer is arranged on the electromagnetic valve, and the electromagnetic valve is connected to the feeding controller in the master controller through a line; S3. Put piglets in the pig house with a breeding density of 1.5-2 square meters per head. Mark each piglet, vaccinate and deworm the piglets regularly. When the piglets weigh 7kg-45kg, feed them once every 1-2 days, and record their weight every 5 days. When the pigs weigh 45kg-100kg, feed them once every 3-4 days.

3. A pig farming and subsequent manure pollution treatment system method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pig feed in the feed feeding mechanism is equipped with a low-protein carbon-nitrogen adapted diet, which uses a low-cost fast-digestible starch raw material; The ingredients included in the pig feed include basic nutritional ingredients, combined added ingredients and amino acid additive ingredients; The basic nutrients include corn, cassava flour, barley, soybean meal, and wheat bran; the combined added ingredients include corn protein meal, soybean oil, calcium hydrogen phosphate, stone powder, salt, and premixes; the amino acid additive ingredients include lysine, methionine, threonine, tryptophan, valine, isoleucine, and leucine.

4. A pig farming and subsequent manure pollution treatment system method according to claim 3, characterized in that: Corn, cassava flour, barley, soybean meal, and wheat bran account for 26.63%, 36.00%, 13.50%, 13.26%, and 3.39% of the total pig feed, respectively; Corn gluten meal, soybean oil, calcium hydrogen phosphate, stone powder, salt, and premix account for 2.00%, 0.50%, 1.71%, 0.30%, 0.30%, and 1.00% of the entire pig feed respectively; The proportions of lysine, methionine, threonine, tryptophan, valine, isoleucine and leucine in the entire pig feed are 0.5%-0.53%, 0.2%-0.22%, 0.25%-0.27%, 0.05%-0.07%, 0.16%-0.17%, 0.13%-0.15% and 0.05%-0.07% respectively.

5. A pig farming and subsequent manure pollution treatment system method according to claim 3, characterized in that: During the pig breeding collection method, pig manure is collected and processed as follows: Step A1, analyzing the changes in basic indicators, maturity indicators and microbial community structure of different treatment groups, and treating pig manure; Step A2, during the pig manure treatment, by combining different breeds of pig feed with different ratios, the aerobic composting maturity of the pig manure under different ratios is compared and marked; Step A3, studying the effects of diet nutritional structure and auxiliary material type on pollutant reduction and control during aerobic composting of pig manure, reducing the generation of pollutants during composting through pig manure control measures, improving the environmental friendliness of composting, and combining the aerobic composting maturity to select the optimal control measures under the appropriate ratio to obtain the best aerobic composting maturity.

6. A pig farming and subsequent manure pollution treatment system method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The control means in step A3 include: using different amounts of corn stalks or different amounts of sawdust as auxiliary materials and pig manure for resource processing of untreated pig manure.

7. A pig farming and subsequent manure pollution treatment system method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The treatment of pig manure includes composting test, and the contents of composting test include the following: Step B1, using a composting reactor barrel, wrapping the outer layer of each container with heat insulation cotton, and covering the top of each container with a layer of pearl cotton foam board, with two small holes opened for easy filling and emptying; Step B2, the customized gas collection equipment is a gas collecting box and a base, and a hole is opened in the square box to facilitate gas collection and detection; Step B3, the composting method adopts high temperature aerobic composting; Step B4, composting was carried out for 47 days, and the temperature of the compost was measured every morning and gas samples such as harmful gases and greenhouse gases were collected; Step B5, fully turning and mixing the compost material on the 0th, 5th, 11th, 18th, 25th, 35th and 47th days of the test, and collecting samples before refilling the barrel to ensure uniform sampling; Step B6, collecting a sample after each turning of the compost, about 200 g of the sample is collected, and the collected sample is divided into three portions; The first fresh sample was stored in a refrigerator at 4°C for determination of pH, conductivity, nitrate nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen seed germination index and other indicators; The second sample was placed in an oven and dried at 105°C to determine its moisture content. The third sample was stored in a refrigerator at -80°C for determination of the microbial community structure.

8. A pig farming and subsequent manure pollution treatment system method according to claim 5, characterized in that: Composting is used to determine the pig feed components that affect pig growth. After adjusting the pig feed components, the optimal feed ratio is determined.

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