Stable generation cultivation method for cordyceps sinensis host hepialus armoricanus

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of artificial cultivation of cordyceps sinensis, and discloses a stable generation cultivation method of a cordyceps sinensis host hepialus armoricanus, which comprises the following steps: hatching hepialus armoricanus eggs; culturing hepialus armoricanus larvae; cultivating hepialus armoricanus pupae; culturing adult hepialus armoricanus; the adult hepialus armoricanus is promoted to mate and spawn. The artificial large-scale breeding system of the hepialus armoricanus larvae is established in a low-altitude area by adopting a quasi-ecological breeding technology, so that a stable generation cycle of the hepialus armoricanus from eggs to larvae, pupae and adults to obtain eggs is realized, the problems of cost and ecological environment influence are solved, and the artificial large-scale breeding system of the hepialus armoricanus larvae is provided for the hepialus armoricanus larvae. An effective solution is provided for stable and large-scale supply of the hepialus armoricanus larvae in artificial cultivation of the cordyceps sinensis, and upgrading and development of the cordyceps sinensis and traditional Chinese medicine industry are promoted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of artificial breeding of Cordyceps sinensis, and in particular to a method for the stable generation breeding of Cordyceps sinensis host bat moth. Background Art

[0002] Cordyceps sinensis refers to a complex of larval corpses and fungal stroma formed by the fungus Cordyceps sinensis (Berk.) infecting the larvae of Hepialidae insects. It is a biological resource unique to the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. It has many functions such as "tonifying the lungs, strengthening the kidneys, replenishing the essence and qi, and regulating all kinds of deficiencies and injuries", and has extremely high economic and clinical value.

[0003] However, in recent years, the problem of heavy metal pollution in Cordyceps sinensis has gradually been exposed. These heavy metals mainly include copper, lead, zinc, tin, nickel, cobalt, antimony, mercury, cadmium and bismuth, etc. They cannot be decomposed in water, and may produce toxic reactions after human consumption, posing a threat to human health. One of the main sources of heavy metals in Cordyceps sinensis is environmental pollution. Due to industrial emissions and automobile exhaust, the content of heavy metals in the atmosphere, soil and groundwater increases, and Cordyceps sinensis absorbs these heavy metals during its growth. It is difficult to completely avoid the heavy metal pollution of Cordyceps sinensis in the natural environment, but it can be effectively controlled by adjusting the environment during the artificial cultivation of Cordyceps sinensis. The artificial cultivation of Cordyceps sinensis is conducive to making up for the shortage of wild Cordyceps sinensis resources and meeting people's health needs. It is also of great significance to improve the quality of Cordyceps sinensis, regulate the Cordyceps sinensis market, and protect the plateau ecological environment and resources.

[0004] However, the artificial cultivation of the bat moth, the host of Cordyceps sinensis, faces many problems and difficulties. The bat moth family insects prefer low temperatures, have a long growth cycle, and a short adult stage. They live in the soil for 98% of their lives, and only live on the ground for 2.5 to 13 days during the adult stage, which increases the difficulty of raising and managing adults; the bat moth has strict requirements on environmental factors such as soil, temperature, and humidity. These conditions are difficult to fully simulate in an artificial breeding environment and require precise control, which increases the difficulty of breeding; the bat moth larvae prefer to feed on the tender roots and buds of plants such as Polygonum umbellatum, Polygonum villosa, Astragalus membranaceus, and Rheum officinale, which may be difficult to obtain in an artificial breeding environment, and the larvae's picky nature for food increases the complexity of breeding; in an artificial breeding environment, the bat moth may face the threat of various diseases and pests, and it is difficult to prevent and control diseases and pests; due to the long growth cycle of the bat moth, the complexity of breeding and management, and the threat of diseases and pests, its survival rate is often difficult to guarantee in an artificial breeding environment.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a stable generation cultivation method for bat moths that are hosts to Cordyceps sinensis, so as to provide an effective solution for the stable and large-scale supply of bat moth larvae in the artificial cultivation of Cordyceps sinensis. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to overcome the defects of the above-mentioned prior art, the present application provides a stable generation cultivation method of Cordyceps sinensis host Hepialus xiaojinensis, comprising the following steps:

[0007] After sterilizing the bat moth eggs, place them under constant temperature and humidity conditions for hatching to obtain bat moth larvae;

[0008] Placing the bat moth larvae on the surface of sterilized humus soil, feeding and cultivating them under the conditions of a first preset temperature, a preset day and night temperature difference, a first preset air relative humidity, and a first preset light intensity, to obtain bat moth pupae;

[0009] burying the bat moth pupae under sterilized humus soil, and cultivating them under the second preset temperature, the second preset air relative humidity, and circulating ventilation conditions to obtain bat moth adults;

[0010] The bat moth adults are placed in the gauze net, and are fed and cultivated under the third preset temperature and the third preset air relative humidity conditions until the bat moth adults mate and lay eggs, and the next round of cultivation cycle is carried out.

[0011] Further, disinfecting bat moth eggs includes:

[0012] Soak bat moth eggs in ethanol for 3-10 minutes and then rinse with sterile water.

[0013] Furthermore, the constant temperature and humidity conditions include controlling the temperature to 8-15°C and the relative humidity RH to 50%-70%.

[0014] Furthermore, the bat moth larvae are placed on the surface of the sterilized humus soil, and the water content of the sterilized humus soil is controlled to be 40-60%.

[0015] Furthermore, the first preset temperature is 8-15°C, the preset temperature difference between day and night is 2-5°C, the first preset air relative humidity is RH50%-70%, and the first preset lighting condition is adjusted according to the age of the bat moth larvae.

[0016] Furthermore, the feed includes carrots and / or bracken.

[0017] Further, the bat moth pupae are buried under disinfected humus soil, including:

[0018] Control the depth of burying bat moth pupae to 2-3cm.

[0019] Furthermore, the second preset temperature is 8-15° C., and the second preset air relative humidity is RH50%-70%.

[0020] Furthermore, the third preset temperature is 9-12° C., and the third preset air relative humidity is RH70%-85%.

[0021] Furthermore, after the bat moth pupae emerge as bat moth adults, the bat moth adults are exposed to light for 12 hours, shaded for 6 hours, exposed to light for 0.5-2 hours, and shaded until the next day, with a light intensity of 50-100 LUX.

[0022] Technical effects and advantages of this application:

[0023] This application adopts the ecological cultivation technology to establish an artificial large-scale breeding system for bat moth larvae in low-altitude areas: after cleaning and disinfecting the bat moth eggs obtained by the previous cultivation, the meteorological data of the origin of Cordyceps sinensis are studied and analyzed for the influence of different conditions (temperature, humidity, etc.) on the hatching rate of eggs, and the hatching temperature and humidity of eggs are preferably selected; the effects of different feeds (ginseng fruit, carrots, etc.) on the survival rate and body quality of larvae under different conditions (matrix, temperature, humidity, etc.) are studied, and the cost factors are comprehensively considered, and carrots and / or fern hemp are preferably used as feed; by adjusting environmental conditions (light, temperature, humidity) and other conditions, the mating of bat moth adults is promoted, the output and quality of eggs are increased, and finally a stable generation cycle of bat moths from eggs to larvae, pupae, adults and then eggs is achieved. Therefore, this technology can overcome the problems of cost and ecological environment, and provide an effective solution for the stable and large-scale supply of bat moth larvae in the artificial cultivation of Cordyceps sinensis, so as to promote the upgrading and development of Cordyceps sinensis and Chinese medicine industry.

[0024] Other features and advantages of the present application will be described in the following description, and partly become apparent from the description, or be understood by practicing the present application. The purpose and other advantages of the present application can be realized and obtained by the structures indicated in the description, claims and drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 A flow chart of the stable generation breeding method of Cordyceps sinensis host bat moth of the present application;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the bat moth egg before hatching according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the hatching state of bat moth eggs according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the state of a 1st-instar bat moth larvae according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the state of a 3rd instar bat moth larvae according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the state of a 5th-instar bat moth larvae according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a bat moth pupa according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0032] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of a male bat moth pupa according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0033] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of a female bat moth pupa according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0034] Fig.10 A schematic diagram of an adult bat moth according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0035] Fig.11 This is a schematic diagram of the mating and egg-laying of adult bat moths according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Fig.12 This is a schematic diagram of the bat moth eggs cultivated and obtained in the examples of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0038] like Figure 1 As shown, the present application provides a stable generation breeding method of Cordyceps sinensis host bat moth, comprising:

[0039] After sterilizing the bat moth eggs, place them under constant temperature and humidity conditions for hatching to obtain bat moth larvae;

[0040] Placing the bat moth larvae on the surface of sterilized humus soil, feeding and cultivating them under the conditions of a first preset temperature, a preset day and night temperature difference, a first preset air relative humidity, and a first preset light intensity, to obtain bat moth pupae;

[0041] burying the bat moth pupae under sterilized humus soil, and cultivating them under the second preset temperature, the second preset air relative humidity, and circulating ventilation conditions to obtain bat moth adults;

[0042] The bat moth adults are placed in the gauze net, and are fed and cultivated under the third preset temperature and the third preset air relative humidity conditions until the bat moth adults mate and lay eggs, and the next round of cultivation cycle is carried out.

[0043] In some embodiments of the present application, disinfecting bat moth eggs comprises:

[0044] Soak the bat moth eggs in 75% ethanol for 3-10 minutes and then rinse them with sterile water 3-5 times.

[0045] In some embodiments of the present application, the constant temperature and humidity conditions include controlling the temperature to 8-15° C. and the relative humidity RH to 50%-70%.

[0046] This application studies and analyzes the effects of different conditions (temperature, humidity, etc.) on the hatching rate of eggs based on meteorological data from the origin of Cordyceps sinensis, and optimizes the hatching conditions. After testing, it is found that under constant temperature and humidity conditions within this temperature and humidity range, the hatching rate and survival rate are higher than those under variable temperature incubation conditions and other constant temperature incubation conditions, and the hatching rate of bat moth eggs can reach more than 80%.

[0047] In some embodiments of the present application, the bat moth larvae are placed on the surface of sterilized humus soil, and the moisture content of the sterilized humus soil is controlled to be 40-60%.

[0048] In some embodiments of the present application, the first preset temperature is 8-15°C, the preset day and night temperature difference is 2-5°C, the first preset air relative humidity is RH50%-70%, and the first preset lighting condition is adjusted according to the age of the bat moth larvae.

[0049] In some embodiments of the present application, the feed fed includes carrots and / or bracken.

[0050] This application studies the effects of different feeds (including ginseng fruit, carrots, etc.) on the survival rate, body quality, etc. of bat moth larvae under different conditions (substrate, temperature, humidity, etc.), and combines considerations of economic costs to determine the culture conditions and feeds for the above-mentioned bat moth larvae. Under this scheme, the growth density of bat moth larvae can reach more than 1,000 per cubic meter.

[0051] In some embodiments of the present application, burying the bat moth pupae under sterilized humus soil comprises:

[0052] Control the depth of burying bat moth pupae to 2-3cm.

[0053] In some embodiments of the present application, the second preset temperature is 8-15° C., and the second preset air relative humidity is RH50%-70%.

[0054] By simulating the original ecological conditions of bat moths and supplemented with circulating ventilation, the emergence rate of bat moth pupae can be increased to more than 80%.

[0055] In some embodiments of the present application, the third preset temperature is 9-12° C., and the third preset air relative humidity is RH70%-85%.

[0056] In some embodiments of the present application, after the bat moth pupae emerge into bat moth adults, the bat moth adults are sequentially exposed to light for 12 hours, shaded for 6 hours, exposed to light for 0.5-2 hours, and shaded until the next day, with a light intensity of 50-100 LUX. 。

[0057] The above-mentioned lighting conditions can significantly promote the mating of adult bat moths, obtain high-quality fertilized eggs, and achieve a yield of 50-100 eggs per female adult.

[0058] In order to better explain the present scheme, the following examples are provided.

[0059] Example 1

[0060] S1: Soak the collected eggs of the small golden bat moth in 75% ethanol for 3-10 minutes, take them out, and rinse them with sterile water for 3-5 times. Figure 2 As shown, place on dry special filter paper, and then transfer to a constant temperature and humidity incubator, such as a constant incubation temperature of 8-15°C and a relative humidity of RH50%-70%. Figure 3 As shown in FIG. 1 , when the bat moth eggs begin to hatch into bat moth larvae, a soft, fine sheep-hair brush dipped in a little sterile water is used to transfer the hatched bat moth larvae to a sterilized humus soil with a moisture content of 42-45%, until all the bat moth eggs are hatched and the entire hatching process is completed. The hatching rate can reach more than 80%, and the one-year-old bat moth larvae obtained are as shown in FIG. Figure 4 As shown;

[0061] S2: The bat moth larvae are placed in an insect breeding box with sterilized humus soil having a moisture content of 40-60%, and fed with carrots and / or bracken under the conditions of a first preset temperature of 8-15°C, a preset day and night temperature difference of 2-5°C, a first preset air relative humidity of RH50%-70%, and an average light of 12 hours per day under a 15W lamp and a darkening period of 12 hours. The specific light conditions are adjusted according to the age of the bat moth larvae. The growth status of the 3rd instar bat moth larvae is as follows: Figure 5 As shown in Figure 2, the growth status of the 5th instar bat moth larvae is as follows: Figure 6 As shown, until the bat moth larvae develop into bat moth pupae, such as Figure 7 As shown;

[0062] S3: The pupae of bat moths are collected and placed in a container filled with sterilized humus soil. The states of male and female pupae of bat moths at this stage are as follows: Figure 8 , Fig. 9 As shown, the bat moth pupae are buried 2-3 cm below the sterilized humus soil, the culture temperature is controlled at 8-15°C, and the relative humidity of the air is RH50%-70%. Microcirculation ventilation simulating the original ecological conditions can increase the emergence rate of bat moth larvae to more than 80%;

[0063] S4: Collect the emerged adult bat moths, place them in a 30*30*30 cm mesh in a constant temperature and humidity incubator, and feed them with carrots and / or bracken under the conditions of a third preset temperature of 9-12° C. and a third preset relative humidity of RH70%-85%.

[0064] S5: Fig.10 As shown, after the bat moth pupae emerge into bat moth adults, the bat moth adults are exposed to light for 12 hours, shaded for 6 hours, exposed to light for 0.5-2 hours, and shaded until the next day in the incubator every day, and the light intensity is 50-100 LUX to promote mating. Fig.11 As shown, mating and egg laying are completed in 2-5 days. Each female bat moth adult lays 50-100 eggs. The bat moth eggs obtained are as follows Fig.12 As shown, the laid bat moth eggs are then immediately stored in an environment with a relative humidity of 40-70% for the next round of incubation cycle.

[0065] In summary, this application adopts the ecological cultivation technology to establish an artificial large-scale breeding system for bat moth larvae in low-altitude areas: after cleaning and disinfecting the bat moth eggs obtained by the early cultivation, the meteorological data of the origin of Cordyceps sinensis are studied and analyzed for the influence of different conditions (temperature, humidity, etc.) on the hatching rate of eggs, and the hatching temperature and humidity of eggs are preferably used; the effects of different feeds (ginseng fruit, carrots, etc.) on the survival rate and body quality of larvae under different conditions (matrix, temperature, humidity, etc.) are studied, and the cost factors are comprehensively considered, and carrots and / or fern hemp are preferably used as feed; by adjusting environmental conditions (light, temperature, humidity) and other conditions, the mating of bat moth adults is promoted, the output and quality of eggs are increased, and finally the stable generation cycle of bat moths from eggs to larvae, pupae, and adults to obtain eggs is realized. Therefore, this technology can overcome the problems of cost and ecological environment, and provide an effective solution for the stable and large-scale supply of bat moth larvae in the artificial cultivation of Cordyceps sinensis, so as to promote the upgrading and development of Cordyceps sinensis and Chinese medicine industry.

[0066] Finally, it should be noted that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, it is still possible for those skilled in the art to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or to make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A stable generation breeding method for Cordyceps sinensis host bat moth, characterized in that: include: After sterilizing the bat moth eggs, place them under constant temperature and humidity conditions for hatching to obtain bat moth larvae; Placing the bat moth larvae on the surface of sterilized humus soil, feeding and cultivating the bat moth larvae under a first preset temperature, a preset day-night temperature difference, a first preset air relative humidity, and a first preset light condition, to obtain bat moth pupae; burying the bat moth pupae under sterilized humus soil, and cultivating them under the conditions of a second preset temperature, a second preset air relative humidity, and circulating ventilation to obtain bat moth adults; The bat moth adults are placed in the gauze net, and are fed and cultivated under the conditions of a third preset temperature and a third preset air relative humidity until the bat moth adults mate and lay eggs, and then the next round of cultivation cycle is carried out.

2. The stable generation breeding method of Cordyceps sinensis host bat moth according to claim 1, characterized in that: The disinfection of bat moth eggs comprises: Soak bat moth eggs in ethanol for 3-10 minutes and then rinse with sterile water.

3. The stable generation breeding method of Cordyceps sinensis host bat moth according to claim 1, characterized in that: The constant temperature and humidity conditions include controlling the temperature to be 8-15° C. and the relative humidity RH to be 50%-70%.

4. The stable generation breeding method of Cordyceps sinensis host bat moth according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bat moth larvae are placed on the surface of sterilized humus soil, and the water content of the sterilized humus soil is controlled to be 40-60%.

5. The stable generation breeding method of Cordyceps sinensis host bat moth according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first preset temperature is 8-15°C, the preset day-night temperature difference is 2-5°C, the first preset air relative humidity is RH50%-70%, and the first preset lighting condition is adjusted according to the age of the bat moth larvae.

6. The stable generation breeding method of Cordyceps sinensis host bat moth according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feedstuffs include carrots and / or bracken anise.

7. The stable generation breeding method of Cordyceps sinensis host bat moth according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method of burying the bat moth pupae under disinfected humus soil comprises: Control the depth of burying bat moth pupae to 2-3cm.

8. The stable generation breeding method of Cordyceps sinensis host bat moth according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second preset temperature is 8-15° C., and the second preset air relative humidity is RH50%-70%.

9. The stable generation breeding method of Cordyceps sinensis host bat moth according to claim 1, characterized in that: The third preset temperature is 9-12° C., and the third preset air relative humidity is RH70%-85%.

10. The stable generation breeding method of Cordyceps sinensis host bat moth according to claim 1, characterized in that: After the bat moth pupae emerge as bat moth adults, the bat moth adults are sequentially exposed to light for 12 hours, shaded for 6 hours, exposed to light for 0.5-2 hours, and shaded until the next day, with a light intensity of 50-100 LUX.

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