Pesticide composition suitable for strip-shaped composite planting mode of soybeans and corn and application of pesticide composition

Abstract

The invention discloses a pesticide composition for increasing the yield in a soybean and corn strip-shaped composite planting mode, and belongs to the technical field of pesticides. The active ingredients of the pesticide composition comprise S-abscisic acid and furfuryl aminopurine, and the weight ratio of the S-abscisic acid to the furfuryl aminopurine is (1: 2)-(1: 10). When the S-abscisic acid and the furfurylaminopurine are mixed to be used in a soybean and corn strip-shaped composite planting mode, the photosynthesis of soybean and corn leaves can be remarkably improved, the influence of reduction of corn plant spacing, leaf overlapping shading and illumination weakening caused by high and large corn plants on soybean shading is reduced, the yield of the soybean and the corn is increased, and the yield of the soybean and the corn is increased. The effect of mixing the two components is obviously higher than that of a single component, the synergistic effect is obvious when the ratio of the two components is (1: 2)-(1: 10), and the optimal ratio is 1: 5. The dosage of the pesticide can be reduced, the use cost is reduced, and the safety to crops and the environment is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of pesticides, and in particular to a pesticide composition suitable for a soybean-corn strip composite planting mode and an application thereof. Background Art

[0002] The strip-shaped composite planting of soybeans and corn is a new planting model developed on the basis of traditional intercropping, which can effectively improve land utilization. Studies have shown that the strip-shaped composite planting model of soybeans and corn can not only improve the farmland ecosystem, but also have the function of fertilizer preservation and improvement. It can effectively utilize the complementarity of the morphology and physiological characteristics of the two crops and improve the utilization efficiency of nutrients.

[0003] However, under the conditions of compound planting patterns, the performance of crop agronomic traits is often affected by multiple factors such as light environment, planting density, and planting ratio. In the same planting belt, soybeans and corn, two crops of different heights, have a reduced plant spacing, increased density, overlapping corn leaves that shade the sun, and soybeans, as short-stalked crops, are shaded by corn in the middle and late stages of growth, resulting in reduced light resources, reduced photosynthetic rate, incomplete grains, and reduced yields. Therefore, soybeans and corn need to use plant growth regulators scientifically during their growth to rationally regulate the physiological activity of soybean and corn plant leaves in order to improve leaf photosynthetic efficiency and increase soybean and corn yields.

[0004] Crop chemical regulation technology is to change the balance of endogenous plant hormones by applying plant growth regulators externally, thereby regulating the growth and development of crops from the inside. At present, there are many studies on the effects of spraying exogenous regulators on plant growth and development under the conditions of corn and soybean monoculture. However, in the soybean-corn strip-composite planting model, the directions of agronomic traits that need to be regulated in soybeans and corn may be different, and the compatibility between the two crops needs to be comprehensively considered. Therefore, there are relatively few reports on chemical control products in the soybean-corn strip-composite planting model. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a pesticide composition suitable for a soybean-corn strip composite planting pattern and its application. The present invention scientifically mixes S-inducing agent and furfural aminopurine, clarifies the synergistic ratio of the two, rationally regulates the physiological activity of soybean and corn plant leaves, improves leaf photosynthetic efficiency, increases soybean and corn yields, effectively reduces the dosage used, reduces the cost of use, and has a significant synergistic effect.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] The first aspect of the present invention provides a pesticide composition suitable for a soybean-corn strip composite planting pattern, which is composed of S-inducing agent and furfural aminopurine in a weight ratio of 1: (2-10).

[0008] Preferably, the pesticide composition consists of S-absorbent and furfural aminopurine in a weight ratio of 1:5.

[0009] The second aspect of the present invention provides the use of the above pesticide composition in the following (1) or (2):

[0010] (1) Improving the photosynthetic efficiency of soybeans and corn simultaneously in the soybean-corn strip composite planting mode;

[0011] (2) Increase the yield of corn and soybeans simultaneously under the soybean-corn strip composite planting model.

[0012] In the above application, the soybean-corn strip composite planting pattern is: soybean strips and corn strips are compositely planted in a quantity ratio of 4:2, and the distance between the soybean strips and the corn strips is 65 cm.

[0013] A third aspect of the present invention provides a method for improving crop photosynthetic efficiency and yield in a soybean-corn strip composite planting mode, comprising the following steps:

[0014] Soybean belts and corn belts are planted in a composite manner at a quantity ratio of 4:2, with a belt width of 290 cm. Among them, the soybean row spacing is 40 cm, the plant spacing is 10 cm, and 9,200 grains are sown per mu; the corn row spacing is 40 cm, the plant spacing is 10 cm, and 4,600 grains are sown per mu; the distance between the soybean belt and the corn belt is 65 cm; when the corn has 7-8 unfolded leaves (the initial flowering period of soybeans) and in the filling period after the corn blooms (the soybean pod and grain filling period), the above-mentioned pesticide composition is sprayed on the above-ground parts of the soybean and corn plants at the same time.

[0015] Preferably, in the pesticide composition, the spraying concentration of S-inducing agent is 2 mg / L, and the spraying concentration of furfural aminopurine is 10 mg / L; alternatively, S-inducing agent and furfural aminopurine are compounded in a weight ratio of 1:5, and the compounded pesticide composition is sprayed at a concentration of 6 mg / L.

[0016] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0017] The present invention finds that the mixture of S-absorbent and furfural aminopurine used in the soybean-corn strip composite planting mode can significantly improve the photosynthesis of soybean and corn leaves, reduce the influence of reduced corn plant spacing, overlapping leaf shading and tall corn plants on the weakening of light caused by soybean shading, and increase the yield of soybean and corn. The effect of the mixture of the two is significantly higher than that of a single component. The weight ratio of the two is significantly synergistic in the range of 1:2 to 1:10, with 1:5 being the best ratio. It can reduce the dosage of the agent, improve photosynthesis and yield-increasing effects, reduce the cost of use, and improve the safety of crops and the environment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are illustrative and are intended to provide further explanation of the present application. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meanings as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present application belongs.

[0019] In the soybean-corn strip composite planting mode, since soybeans and corn are two crops of different heights in the same planting strip, the distance between soybeans and corn is reduced, the density is increased, the corn leaves overlap and block the light, and soybeans, as a short-stalked crop, are shaded by corn in the middle and late stages of growth, resulting in less light resources, a lower photosynthetic rate, incomplete grains, and reduced yields.

[0020] Although external application of plant growth regulators can improve crop growth and increase crop yields to a certain extent, current research mainly focuses on the effects of corn and soybean monoculture. In the soybean-corn strip composite planting model, the directions of agronomic traits that need to be regulated in soybeans and corn may be different, and the compatibility between the two crops needs to be comprehensively considered. It is difficult to develop a pesticide composition that can simultaneously improve the photosynthetic performance and yield of the two crops.

[0021] In view of this, the present invention conducts an in-depth study on the existing plant growth regulators, and investigates the effects of different growth regulators after compounding according to the mechanism of action of different growth regulators. Finally, S-absorbent and furfur aminopurine, two growth regulators suitable for the soybean-corn strip composite planting mode, are found from a large number of growth regulators; S-absorbent and furfur aminopurine are compounded in different proportions, and the effect of compounding on the photosynthetic efficiency and yield of the two crops in the soybean-corn strip composite planting mode is investigated. It is found that S-absorbent and furfur aminopurine are compounded in a weight ratio of 1:5, which can simultaneously improve the photosynthetic efficiency and yield of the two crops in the soybean-corn strip composite planting mode, and has a significant synergistic effect, and thus the present invention is proposed.

[0022] In order to enable those skilled in the art to more clearly understand the technical solution of the present application, the technical solution of the present application will be described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments. If the specific experimental conditions are not specified in the embodiments, they are usually in accordance with conventional conditions or the conditions recommended by the reagent company; the reagents, consumables, etc. used in the following embodiments and comparative examples, unless otherwise specified, can be obtained through commercial channels. Among them:

[0023] The CAS number of S-abortin is 21293-29-8; the CAS number of furfural aminopurine is 525-79-1.

[0024] Embodiment 1:

[0025] S-absorbent and furfural aminopurine are mixed in a weight ratio of 10:1 to prepare a pesticide composition suitable for a soybean-corn strip composite planting pattern.

[0026] Embodiment 2:

[0027] S-absorbent and furfural aminopurine are mixed in a weight ratio of 6:1 to prepare a pesticide composition suitable for a soybean-corn strip composite planting pattern.

[0028] Embodiment 3:

[0029] S-absorbent and furfural aminopurine are mixed in a weight ratio of 2:1 to prepare a pesticide composition suitable for a soybean-corn strip composite planting pattern.

[0030] Embodiment 4:

[0031] S-absorbent and furfural aminopurine are mixed in a weight ratio of 1:1 to prepare a pesticide composition suitable for a soybean-corn strip composite planting mode.

[0032] Embodiment 5:

[0033] S-absorbent and furfural aminopurine are mixed in a weight ratio of 1:2 to prepare a pesticide composition suitable for a soybean-corn strip composite planting pattern.

[0034] Embodiment 6:

[0035] S-absorbent and furfural aminopurine are mixed in a weight ratio of 1:5 to prepare a pesticide composition suitable for a soybean-corn strip composite planting pattern.

[0036] Embodiment 7:

[0037] S-absorbent and furfural aminopurine are mixed in a weight ratio of 1:10 to prepare a pesticide composition suitable for a soybean-corn strip composite planting pattern.

[0038] Application Example 1: Effects of S-absorbent and furfural aminopurine mixture on photosynthesis in soybean-corn strip composite planting mode

[0039] 1. Test method:

[0040] The most commonly used 4:2 pattern of soybean-corn strip intercropping was selected for the experiment. Four soybean strips were intercropped with two corn strips. The strip width was 290 cm, with a row spacing of 40 cm and a plant spacing of 10 cm. 9,200 grains were sown per mu; the row spacing of corn was 40 cm and a plant spacing of 10 cm. 4,600 grains were sown per mu. The distance between the soybean strip and the corn strip was 65 cm. Water and fertilizer management was carried out in accordance with the normal requirements of agricultural production.

[0041] When the corn grows to 7-8 unfolded leaves (soybean initial flowering stage) and corn post-flowering filling stage (soybean pod filling stage), spray the pesticide twice. The dosage for each spray is: 450L / hm2 for 7-8 unfolded leaves (soybean initial flowering stage) 2 ; corn post-flowering filling period (soybean pod filling period) 675L / hm 2 The specific agents used for spraying are as follows:

[0042] (A) S-abortin, used at concentrations of 1 mg / L and 6 mg / L;

[0043] (B) furfural aminopurine, used at concentrations of 5 mg / L and 6 mg / L;

[0044] (A:B) S-abortin and furfural aminopurine were mixed at a weight ratio of 1:5. The total concentration after mixing was 6 mg / L.

[0045] The same amount of water was sprayed as blank control (CK).

[0046] Each concentration treatment was carried out with no less than 200 soybean and corn plants, divided into 4 replicates.

[0047] Ten days after the second spraying, 20 plants with the same growth were randomly selected from each treatment, and the photosynthetic rate (P n ), transpiration rate (E), stomatal conductance (G s ) and intercellular CO2 concentration (C i ).

[0048] 2. Test results:

[0049] The results are shown in Table 1.

[0050] Table 1: Effects of S-absorbin and furfural aminopurine mixture on photosynthetic parameters of soybean and corn

[0051]

[0052]

[0053] From the results in Table 1, it can be seen that the combination of S-absorbent and furfural aminopurine at a weight ratio of 1:5 can simultaneously increase the photosynthetic rate of both crops in the soybean-corn strip composite planting model (P n ); Compared with the single use of S-inducing factor and the single use of furfural aminopurine, it has a synergistic effect in simultaneously increasing the photosynthetic rate of soybean and corn.

[0054] Application Example 2: Combined test of S-absorbent and furfural aminopurine to improve soybean and corn yields in soybean-corn strip composite planting mode (Gowing method)

[0055] 1. Test method:

[0056] The most commonly used 4:2 pattern of soybean-corn strip intercropping was selected for the experiment. Four soybean strips were intercropped with two corn strips. The strip width was 290 cm, with a row spacing of 40 cm and a plant spacing of 10 cm. 9,200 grains were sown per mu; the row spacing of corn was 40 cm and a plant spacing of 10 cm. 4,600 grains were sown per mu. The distance between the soybean strip and the corn strip was 65 cm. Water and fertilizer management was carried out in accordance with the normal requirements of agricultural production.

[0057] When the corn grows to 7-8 unfolded leaves (the initial flowering stage of soybeans) and in the grain filling stage after flowering (the soybean pod and grain filling stage), spray the corn twice.

[0058] Refer to "Guidelines for Indoor Bioassay Tests of Pesticides - Plant Growth Regulators Part 5: Determination of Combined Effects of Mixtures" NY / T 2061.5-2016. During the soybean and corn harvest period, 30 soybean and corn plants were randomly selected for each replication, and the yield of each soybean and corn plant was harvested and measured after drying in the sun.

[0059] Referring to the method recommended by NY / T 2061.5-2016, the theoretical single-plant yield increase rate E0 (E0=X+YX*Y / 100) of each treatment mixture was calculated by Gowing method, and then compared with the measured single-plant yield increase rate (E) to evaluate the combined effect of the two on increasing soybean and corn yields.

[0060] When the E-E0 value is greater than 10%, it is a synergistic effect; when the E-E0 value is less than -10%, it is an antagonistic effect; and when the E-E0 value is between -10% and 10%, it is an additive effect.

[0061] Where X is the increase rate of single plant yield when the dosage of S-inducing agent is P; Y is the increase rate of single plant yield when the dosage of furfural aminopurine is Q.

[0062] 2. Test results:

[0063] The test results are shown in Tables 2 and 3.

[0064] Table 2: Results of the combined effect test of S-absorbin and furfural aminopurine on increasing soybean yield (Gowing method)

[0065]

[0066]

[0067] Table 3: Results of the combined effect test of S-absorbin and furfural aminopurine on improving corn yield (Gowing method)

[0068]

[0069]

[0070] From the results in Tables 2 and 3, it can be seen that in the soybean-corn strip composite planting model, the use of S-inducing agent and furfural aminopurine alone has a good effect on improving soybean and corn yields. After the two were mixed in pairs, the Gowing method was used to evaluate the type of combined action. It was found that the E-E0 values ​​of 10 treatments of S-inducing factor + furfural aminopurine were all greater than 10%, including 2mg / L+5mg / L, 2mg / L+10mg / L, 2mg / L+15mg / L, 2mg / L+20mg / L, 4mg / L+15mg / L, 4mg / L+20mg / L, 6mg / L+15mg / L, 6mg / L+20mg / L, 8mg / L+20mg / L, and 10mg / L+20mg / L. When the ratio of S-inducing factor and furfural aminopurine was 1:2-1:10, they all had a synergistic effect, which had a significant effect on improving the yields of soybean and corn. The value was the largest when the ratio of the two was 1:5, and the synergistic effect was significant. This ratio was the optimal ratio of S-inducing factor and furfural aminopurine to increase soybean and corn yields.

[0071] In summary, under the soybean-corn strip composite planting model, the combination of the pesticide composition S-inducing agent and furfural aminopurine described in the present invention has a significant effect on improving the photosynthesis of soybeans and corn, increasing yield and enhancing synergy, and can reduce the dosage of the agent, reduce the cost of use, and improve the safety to crops and the environment.

[0072] The above description is only the preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A pesticide composition suitable for soybean and corn strip composite planting mode, characterized in that: It is composed of S-inducible abstinence and furfural aminopurine in a weight ratio of 1:(2-10).

2. The pesticide composition according to claim 1, characterized in that The pesticide composition consists of S-absorbent and furfural aminopurine in a weight ratio of 1:

5.

3. Use of the pesticide composition according to claim 1 or 2 in the following (1) or (2): (1) Improving the photosynthetic efficiency of soybeans and corn simultaneously in the soybean-corn strip composite planting mode; (2) Increase the yield of corn and soybeans simultaneously under the soybean-corn strip composite planting model.

4. The use according to claim 3, characterized in that: The soybean-corn strip composite planting pattern is: soybean strips and corn strips are compositely planted in a quantity ratio of 4:2, and the distance between soybean strips and corn strips is 65 cm.

5. A method for improving crop photosynthetic efficiency and yield in a soybean-corn strip composite planting mode, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The soybean belt and the corn belt are planted in a composite manner at a quantity ratio of 4:2, and the belt width is 290 cm. The soybean row spacing is 40 cm, the plant spacing is 10 cm, and 9,200 grains are sown per mu; the corn row spacing is 40 cm, the plant spacing is 10 cm, and 4,600 grains are sown per mu; the distance between the soybean belt and the corn belt is 65 cm; when the corn has 7-8 unfolded leaves and the soybean is in the initial flowering stage, and the corn is in the post-flowering grain filling stage and the soybean pod filling stage, the pesticide composition described in claim 1 or 2 is sprayed on the above-ground parts of the soybean and corn plants at the same time.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that In the pesticide composition, the spraying concentration of S-inducing agent is 2 mg / L, and the spraying concentration of furfural aminopurine is 10 mg / L; alternatively, S-inducing agent and furfural aminopurine are compounded at a weight ratio of 1:5, and the compounded pesticide composition is sprayed at a concentration of 6 mg / L.

Images