A rib intramedullary nail and double-headed nail and operation method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a rib intramedullary nail and a double-head nail and an operation method, comprising a nail body, wherein the nail body comprises a first nail body and a second nail body; a connecting structure is arranged between the first nail body and the second nail body; the first nail body and the second nail body can rotate around the connecting structure, so that the first nail body and the second nail body can be closed and separated; when it is necessary to nail in, the first nail body and the second nail body are in a closed state, and when it is necessary to separate after nailing in, the first nail body and the second nail body are in a separated state; when in the closed state, the nailing ends of the first nail body and the second nail body cooperate with each other to form an integral nail body; the nail body as an integral structure is easy to be nailed in; when the device is used for sternal fracture surgery, the intramedullary nails can be respectively arranged in the cancellous bones in the bone marrow of the fractured sternum, and the front ends of the intramedullary nails are separated to form a cross shape to prevent the intramedullary nails from rotating in the intramedullary cavity, so as to fix the fracture more accurately and make the fixing effect more stable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of orthopedic medical instruments, in particular to a rib intramedullary nail and a double-head nail and an operation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In the field of orthopedics, screws are used for treatment. Different treatment methods are used according to different fracture conditions. For example, intramedullary nails are used to treat epiphyseal fractures of long bones such as the humerus, or rib clamps are used to fix and clamp the broken parts when treating rib fractures.

[0003] For example, the nail body is inserted into the medullary cavity according to the fracture pattern of the bone. However, since the screw body is often in a straight state, the screw is easy to fall off or rotate when the nail body enters the medullary cavity. Therefore, the auxiliary nail must be driven in from the radial direction of the medullary cavity surface with the assistance of X-ray fluoroscopy, which increases the time and complexity of the operation. In addition, the fracture site must be connected by a connector to truly combine the fractured bones. The connector covers part of the fracture and cannot allow the newly grown blood vessels to contact the bone callus, and even makes it difficult to combine the fractured bones, which reduces the surgical effect and increases the patient's pain.

[0004] Therefore, a kind of orthopedic nail that can be fixed in the intramedullary cavity is needed. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of this, the object of the present invention is to provide a rib intramedullary nail and a double-headed nail and an operation method, wherein the device uses a nail body with an expandable and closable structure to connect and fix the broken bone, thereby promoting the fracture to heal as soon as possible.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] The rib intramedullary nail provided by the present invention comprises a nail body, wherein the nail body comprises a first nail body and a second nail body;

[0008] A connecting structure is provided between the first nail body and the second nail body; the first nail body and the second nail body can rotate around the connecting structure, so that the first nail body and the second nail body can be closed and separated;

[0009] The first nail body and the second nail body are provided with a locking structure for fixing the position between the two nail bodies when the rear ends of the first nail body and the second nail body are close to each other.

[0010] Furthermore, the first nail body is provided with a front end and a rear end; the front end is the target end for nailing, and the rear end rotates when subjected to a force, and a preset angle is formed at the connection between the rear end and the front end, so that the first nail body forms a bent nail body.

[0011] Furthermore, the connection structure is arranged at a curved portion between the front end and the rear end.

[0012] Furthermore, the second nail body and the corresponding parts of the first nail body are provided with connecting parts corresponding to the bending parts.

[0013] Furthermore, the locking structure is arranged at the rear ends of the first nail body and the second nail body.

[0014] Furthermore, the locking structure adopts a snap-fit ​​structure, and the snap-fit ​​structure includes a snap-fit ​​groove and a snap-fit ​​protrusion; the snap-fit ​​groove is arranged at the rear end of the first nail body, and the snap-fit ​​protrusion is arranged at the rear end of the second nail body.

[0015] Furthermore, the first nail body and the second nail body are both made of titanium alloy and / or magnesium alloy.

[0016] Furthermore, it also includes an embracing bone connector that cooperates with the first nail body and / or the second nail body, and the embracing bone connector is provided with a screw hole that cooperates with the first nail body and / or the second nail body.

[0017] The double-headed nail provided by the present invention comprises a left nail and a right nail composed of the above-mentioned rib intramedullary nail, the right nail is connected to the rear ends of the first nail body and the second nail body in the left nail, and the front ends of the right nail and the first nail body and the second nail body in the left nail are nail insertion ends.

[0018] The present invention provides an operation method using the double-headed nail, the operation method comprising the following steps:

[0019] S1: The left nail composed of the first nail body and the second nail body is closed to form an integral nail body structure, and the front end of the left nail is driven into the intramedullary cavity from one end of the fracture section;

[0020] S2: closing the right nail composed of the first nail body and the second nail body to form an integral nail body structure, and driving the front end of the right nail into the intramedullary cavity from the other end of the fracture section;

[0021] S3: Align the fixing buckle parts at the rear ends of the left nail and the right nail to form a double-headed nail with a double-headed structure;

[0022] S4: applying external force to the rear ends of the first nail body and the second nail body to press the opened rear ends together, so that the front ends of the first nail body and the second nail body are separated, and the separated front ends abut against the cortical bone part of the intramedullary cavity.

[0023] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0024] The rib intramedullary nail and double-headed nail and operation method provided by the present invention include a nail body, wherein the nail body includes a first nail body and a second nail body; a connecting structure is arranged between the first nail body and the second nail body; the first nail body and the second nail body can rotate around the connecting structure, so that the first nail body and the second nail body can be closed and separated; when it is necessary to nail in, the first nail body and the second nail body are in a closed state, and when it is necessary to separate after nailing, the first nail body and the second nail body are in a separated state; when in the closed state, the nailing ends of the first nail body and the second nail body cooperate with each other to form an integral nail body; the nail body as an integral structure is easy to be nailed in; when the device is used for sternal fracture surgery, the intramedullary nails can be respectively set in the cancellous bone in the bone marrow of the fractured sternum, and the front ends of the intramedullary nails are separated to form a cross shape to prevent the intramedullary nails from rotating in the intramedullary cavity, so as to fix the fracture more accurately and make the fixation effect more stable.

[0025] Other advantages, objectives and features of the present invention will be described in the following description to some extent, and to some extent, will be obvious to those skilled in the art based on the following examination and study, or can be taught from the practice of the present invention. The objectives and other advantages of the present invention can be realized and obtained through the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and beneficial effects of the present invention clearer, the present invention provides the following drawings for explanation.

[0027] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the upper nail body structure.

[0028] Figure 2 This is a bottom view of the upper nail body structure.

[0029] Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the lower nail body structure.

[0030] Figure 4 It is a top view of the lower nail body structure.

[0031] Figure 5 It is a front view of the upper and lower nail bodies closing structure.

[0032] Figure 6 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the upper and lower nail bodies closing structure.

[0033] Figure 7 This is a front view of the structure with the upper and lower nail bodies separated.

[0034] Figure 8 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the structure with the upper and lower nail bodies separated.

[0035] Fig. 9 This is the front view of the structure when the intramedullary nail is inserted.

[0036] Fig.10 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the structure when the intramedullary nail is inserted.

[0037] Fig.11 This is a front view of the structure after intramedullary nailing.

[0038] Fig.12 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the expanded structure after intramedullary nail insertion.

[0039] Fig.13 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the lower nail body with a fixed mouth structure.

[0040] Fig.14 It is a top view of the lower nail body with a fixed mouth structure.

[0041] Fig.15 A cross-sectional view of a raised structure is provided on the lower nail body.

[0042] Fig.16 It is a schematic diagram of the local structure of the lower nail body provided with a protruding structure.

[0043] Fig.17 It is a top view of the left and right first nail bodies connected by a fixed clamping part.

[0044] Fig.18 It is a cross-sectional view of the left and right first nail bodies connected by a fixed clamping part.

[0045] In the figure, 1 represents the first nail body, 2 represents the second nail body; 3 represents the connecting structure, 4 represents the locking structure, 5 represents the fixed buckle part, 6 represents the left nail, and 7 represents the right nail; 11 represents the front end, 12 represents the rear end, and 13 represents the preset angle; 31 represents the connecting hole, and 32 represents the pin; 41 represents the card slot, and 42 represents the card protrusion; 51 represents the perforated plate, 52 represents the protrusion, and 53 represents the notch. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments so that those skilled in the art can better understand the present invention and implement it, but the embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0047] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the rib intramedullary nail provided in this embodiment includes a nail body, wherein the nail body includes a first nail body and a second nail body; a connecting structure is provided between the first nail body and the second nail body; the first nail body and the second nail body can rotate around the connecting structure, so that the first nail body and the second nail body can be closed and separated; when nailing is required, the first nail body and the second nail body are in a closed state, and when they need to be separated after nailing, the first nail body and the second nail body are in a separated state;

[0048] When in the closed state, the nail insertion ends of the first nail body and the second nail body cooperate with each other to form an integral nail body; the nail body as an integral structure is easy to be nailed;

[0049] In this embodiment, the first nail body and the second nail body are split cylindrical nail bodies, such as semi-cylindrical nail bodies; the nail insertion end of the cylindrical nail body located on one side of the connection structure is the front end, and the other side of the connection structure is the rear end; the two nail bodies can be separated, and when nailing, the two nail bodies are closed. After nailing, the rear end of the nail body is acted upon by a force, which can be achieved by applying a pressure to the rear end to move closer, or by applying a force to separate the rear end;

[0050] In this embodiment, the first nail body and the second nail body are provided with threads, stripes, or teeth; the shape curvature of the first nail body and the second nail body can be set according to the physiological curvature of the bones in different parts of the ribs to adapt to the fixation of rib fracture bones.

[0051] In this embodiment, the first nail body is an upper nail body, and the second nail body is a lower nail body; the upper and lower nail bodies can be set as a symmetrical nail body structure with a curved portion; or a symmetrical structure consisting of two pairs of upper and lower nail bodies can be set;

[0052] In this embodiment, the first nail body and the second nail body are both provided with a front end and a rear end; the front end is a nail insertion end, and the rear end rotates when subjected to a force, and a preset angle is formed at the connection between the rear end and the front end, so that the first nail body forms a bent nail body; the connecting structure is provided at the bent portion between the front end and the rear end;

[0053] The rear end and the front end of the embodiment form a preset angle at the connection point, which can be determined according to actual conditions; when the nail body is nailed in, the bending angle between the nail insertion ends of the first nail body and the second nail body and the bending portion can be determined according to the situation of nailing into the bone; the angle of the nail insertion ends after closing at the rear end; that is, when the rear end part is closed, the nail insertion ends (i.e., the front ends) of the first nail body and the second nail body are separated; after the first nail body and the second nail body are separated, the nail bodies can be prevented from slipping or rotating;

[0054] like Figures 5 to 8 As shown, the first nail body and the second nail body in this embodiment are connected in a movable manner at the connection structure, and the movable connection structure includes a connection hole and a pin. The connection hole is provided on the first nail body and the second nail body, and the pin is provided in the connection hole, so that the first nail body and the second nail body form a connection member; the connection member can be a member of a hinged connection mode; the second nail body in this embodiment is provided with a connection component corresponding to the bending portion at the corresponding portion of the first nail body (such as a pin, if the connection hole is provided on the first nail body, the pin is provided on the second nail body);

[0055] In this embodiment, the rear ends of the first nail body and the second nail body are provided with a locking structure for fixing the position between the two nail bodies during the closing process of the rear ends of the first nail body and the second nail body;

[0056] The locking structure in this embodiment adopts a buckle structure, which includes a buckle groove and a buckle protrusion; the buckle groove is arranged at the rear end of the first nail body, and the buckle protrusion is arranged at the rear end of the second nail body. When the rear end of the first nail body is forced to move closer to the rear end of the second nail body, the buckle groove and the buckle protrusion are buckled together;

[0057] like Figures 9 to 12 As shown, this embodiment also provides a double-headed nail, which includes a left nail and a right nail composed of the above-mentioned rib intramedullary nail, the right nail is connected to the rear ends of the first nail body and the second nail body in the left nail, and the front ends of the right nail and the first nail body and the second nail body in the left nail are the nail insertion ends of the double-headed nail;

[0058] The left nail includes an intramedullary nail composed of the first nail body and the second nail body. The right nail is basically the same as the left nail, including an intramedullary nail composed of the first nail body and the second nail body. When it is necessary to nail into the target, the left nail is nailed into the intramedullary cavity at the left position from the fracture section, and the right nail is nailed into the intramedullary cavity at the right position from the fracture section. Then the fracture sections are combined together, and pressure is applied to the rear ends of the first nail body and the second nail body so that the rear ends are close to each other and closed or reach the preset position. The front ends of the first nail body and the second nail body are opened, pressed against the cortical bone and fixed.

[0059] In this embodiment, the first nail body and the second nail body are closed when nailing, which can reduce the resistance of nailing; during the nailing process, the two closed nail bodies can be regarded as a whole, and compared with two separate nail bodies, their appearance is more regular and can penetrate the target material more smoothly. After the nail body is nailed in, the front end is separated by pressing the rear end of the nail body with force and utilizing the bending angle of the rear end. The separated front end can prevent the nail body from loosening or rotating in the target material, thereby achieving a good fixing effect.

[0060] The first nail body or the second nail body provided in this embodiment has a fixed buckling portion at the rear end.

[0061] The fixed buckle part is arranged on the rear end of the first nail body or the second nail body, and is used to fix the first nail body or the second nail body into an integral structure through the fixed buckle part when the rear ends are close to each other under the action of external force;

[0062] like Figures 13 to 18As shown, the fixed buckling part of this embodiment includes a perforated plate and a protrusion, the perforated plate is arranged at the rear end of the second nail body, the protrusion is arranged at the rear end of another second nail body, the setting position of the protrusion matches the perforated plate, when the perforated plate is inserted into the rear end of another second nail body, the protrusion is located in the hole of the perforated plate, the perforated plate and the protrusion are engaged so that the two second nail bodies are connected together and fixedly engaged. In this embodiment, the setting position of the protrusion can be set according to the position of the perforated plate, a notch is opened at the rear end of the second nail body, and then the protrusion is arranged in the notch.

[0063] The nail body in this embodiment is made of magnesium alloy material, and both the first nail body and the second nail body are made of magnesium alloy material; the magnesium alloy nail body is a bioabsorbable metal material device.

[0064] The self-locking nail provided in this embodiment can be used as an absorbable rib intramedullary nail, which is made of a degradable and absorbable medical magnesium alloy; or as a locking screw or a common screw.

[0065] The specifications of the locking screws can be set as follows: diameters are 1.5-2.0x6-30; 2.5-3.0x10-55; 3.5x10-80; 4.0x15-75; 4.5-6.5x15-120; each interval of 0.5mm within the length range is a specification; the size specifications of the screws can also be set according to actual conditions.

[0066] Example 2

[0067] This embodiment also provides a method for performing surgery using the rib intramedullary nail, the method comprising the following steps:

[0068] S1: The left nail composed of the first nail body and the second nail body is closed to form an integral nail body structure, and the front end of the left nail is driven into the intramedullary cavity from one end of the fracture section;

[0069] S2: closing the right nail composed of the first nail body and the second nail body to form an integral nail body structure, and driving the front end of the right nail into the intramedullary cavity from the other end of the fracture section;

[0070] S3: Align the fixing buckle parts at the rear ends of the left nail and the right nail to form a double-headed nail with a double-headed structure;

[0071] S4: applying external force to the rear ends of the first nail body and the second nail body to press the opened rear ends together, so that the front ends of the first nail body and the second nail body are separated, and the separated front ends abut against the cortical bone part of the intramedullary cavity;

[0072] S5: Install an embracing bone connector that matches the double-headed nail at the fracture site to fix the fracture site;

[0073] The operation method in orthopedic surgery provided by this embodiment can be used for fixation surgery of sternum and rib fractures. First, the left nail is driven into the intramedullary cavity, and then the right nail is driven into another intramedullary nail from the other end corresponding to the fracture. This can prevent the position of the fracture site from moving too much; then the rear ends of the intramedullary nails on both sides are fixedly connected so that the nail bodies located on both sides of the fracture form a nail body with an integral structure. Finally, an external force is applied to the rear ends of the first nail body and the second nail body by a tool to press the control parts together, so that the front ends of the nail bodies are separated, and the separated front ends are against the cortical bone part of the intramedullary cavity, thereby applying a fixing effect on the fracture and preventing the fracture port from being dislocated. Finally, an embracing bone connector matching the intramedullary nail is installed at the fracture site, which can fix the fracture more accurately and make the fixation effect more stable.

[0074] The embracing bone connector in this embodiment is provided with a fixing component that cooperates with the first nail body and / or the second nail body, the embracing bone connector is provided with screw holes, and the first nail body and / or the second nail body are provided with screw holes. During surgery, the first nail body and / or the second nail body are connected to the embracing bone connector by inserting a fixing screw through the two screw holes.

[0075] The above-described embodiments are only preferred embodiments for fully illustrating the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Equivalent substitutions or changes made by those skilled in the art based on the present invention are within the protection scope of the present invention. The protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the claims.

Claims

1. A rib intramedullary nail, comprising a nail body, characterized in that: The nail body includes a first nail body and a second nail body; A connecting structure is provided between the first nail body and the second nail body; the first nail body and the second nail body can rotate around the connecting structure, so that the first nail body and the second nail body can be closed and separated; The first nail body and the second nail body are provided with a locking structure for fixing the position between the two nail bodies when the rear ends of the first nail body and the second nail body are close to each other.

2. The rib intramedullary nail according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first nail body is provided with a front end and a rear end; the front end is a nail insertion target end, and the rear end rotates when subjected to a force, and a preset angle is formed at the connection between the rear end and the front end, so that the first nail body forms a bent nail body.

3. The rib intramedullary nail according to claim 2, characterized in that: The connecting structure is arranged at a curved portion between the front end and the rear end.

4. The rib intramedullary nail according to claim 3, characterized in that: The second nail body and the corresponding parts of the first nail body are provided with connecting parts corresponding to the bending parts.

5. The rib intramedullary nail according to claim 3, characterized in that: The locking structure is arranged at the rear ends of the first nail body and the second nail body.

6. The rib intramedullary nail according to claim 1, characterized in that: The locking structure adopts a buckle structure, and the buckle structure includes a buckle slot and a buckle protrusion; the buckle slot is arranged at the rear end of the first nail body, and the buckle protrusion is arranged at the rear end of the second nail body.

7. The rib intramedullary nail according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first nail body and the second nail body are both made of titanium alloy and / or magnesium alloy.

8. The rib intramedullary nail according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an embracing bone connector that cooperates with the first nail body and / or the second nail body, and the embracing bone connector is provided with a screw hole that cooperates with the first nail body and / or the second nail body.

9. Double-head nail, characterized by: It comprises a left nail and a right nail composed of any one of the rib intramedullary nails in claims 1-9, wherein the right nail is connected to the rear ends of the first nail body and the second nail body in the left nail, and the front ends of the right nail and the first nail body and the second nail body in the left nail are nail insertion ends.

10. The operation method using the double-headed nail according to claim 9, characterized in that: The operation method comprises the following steps: S1: The left nail composed of the first nail body and the second nail body is closed to form an integral nail body structure, and the front end of the left nail is driven into the intramedullary cavity from one end of the fracture section; S2: closing the right nail composed of the first nail body and the second nail body to form an integral nail body structure, and driving the front end of the right nail into the intramedullary cavity from the other end of the fracture section; S3: Align the fixing buckle parts at the rear ends of the left nail and the right nail to form a double-headed nail with a double-headed structure; S4: applying external force to the rear ends of the first nail body and the second nail body to press the opened rear ends together, so that the front ends of the first nail body and the second nail body are separated, and the separated front ends abut against the cortical bone part of the intramedullary cavity.

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