An apparatus for squeeze casting of aluminum matrix composites

Abstract

The application discloses an extrusion casting device for aluminum matrix composite material forming, which comprises a base, a conveying mechanism for conveying molten aluminum is installed outside the base, a smelting furnace mechanism for smelting aluminum matrix composite material raw materials is arranged outside the base, a mold mechanism is arranged outside the connecting plate, and a pneumatic mechanism is installed outside the base; through cooperation of an air extraction pump, a connecting valve, an air inlet groove and other components, preheating, impurity cleaning, casting pushing out and cooling of the mold are achieved; the smelting furnace hot gas is discharged into a gas storage bag and then into the air inlet groove by starting the air extraction pump, the push rod is pushed out to preheat the mold and blow out impurities; after the mold is closed, the vacuum pump is used to extract air to form a vacuum environment, which is beneficial to molten aluminum filling and bubble discharging; after the casting is completed, the hot gas is discharged to push the push rod to push out the casting and cool it, so that the casting thermal stress and the mold thermal fatigue are slowed down, and the mold service performance and the casting quality are improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of squeeze casting, in particular to a squeeze casting device for forming aluminum matrix composite material. BACKGROUND

[0002] Squeeze casting, also known as liquid die forging or continuous casting and forging, is a new metal forming process that combines the characteristics of casting and die forging. It is a process in which a certain amount of molten metal is directly poured into a mold coated with a lubricant and a mechanical static pressure is continuously applied. The hard shell that has solidified is deformed plastically, and the metal crystallizes and solidifies under pressure, and the shrinkage cavity and shrinkage porosity formed by solidification shrinkage are eliminated, to obtain a liquid die forging product without casting defects.

[0003] Currently, the squeeze casting of aluminum-based materials is usually carried out by pouring the molten aluminum into a casting mold through a pouring container, and then using an external mechanical extrusion device to extrude the aluminum in the mold. First, it is difficult to accelerate the removal of impurities in the molten aluminum. Second, if the mold preheating temperature is not sufficient, the flowability of the liquid aluminum matrix composite material will decrease rapidly after being poured into the mold cavity, which may result in incomplete filling. Finally, the existing cooling is water cooling or room temperature gas cooling of the mold and the casting. On the one hand, the long-term large temperature change of the mold will cause high thermal stress in the casting. On the other hand, the thermal stress in the mold will accumulate over time, leading to thermal fatigue.

[0004] Therefore, a squeeze casting device for forming aluminum matrix composite material is proposed. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application aims to provide a squeeze casting device for forming aluminum matrix composite material to solve the problem of avoiding thermal stress of the mold and the casting as described in the background.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides the following technical scheme: a squeeze casting device for forming aluminum matrix composite material, comprising a base, three connecting plates are arranged on the base, the connecting plate in the middle is slidingly connected with the base, the connecting plates on both sides are fixedly connected with the base, and the connecting plate on one side is fixedly connected with a hydraulic machine, wherein the output end of the hydraulic machine is fixedly connected with the connecting plate in the middle, a conveying mechanism for conveying aluminum water is installed on the outside of the base, the conveying mechanism comprises a hydraulic assembly, the hydraulic assembly comprises a hydraulic rod, an oil tank and an oil pump, the output end of the hydraulic rod is fixedly connected with a pushing rod, an inlet pipe is fixedly installed in the inside of the connecting plate on the other side, and a sprue is fixedly connected to the outside of the connecting plate on the other side.

[0007] The outer side of the base is provided with a furnace mechanism for melting aluminum matrix composite raw materials, the furnace mechanism comprises a furnace body, the inner side of the furnace body is provided with a limiting groove, the inner side of the limiting groove is connected with a baffle in a sliding mode, the baffle is connected with the pushing rod through a connecting rod, and the top of the baffle is placed with aluminum matrix composite raw materials.

[0008] The outer side of the connecting plate is provided with a mold mechanism, the mold mechanism comprises a movable mold and a fixed mold which are fixedly connected to the connecting plate.

[0009] The outer side of the base is provided with a pneumatic mechanism, the pneumatic mechanism comprises a suction pump which is fixedly connected to the base, the top of the fixed mold is fixedly connected with a connecting valve, the inside of the connecting valve is provided with a closed port, the opening of the closed port is provided with a sealing strip, the top of the movable mold is fixedly provided with a sealing plate for matching the closed port, the inside of the fixed mold is provided with an air inlet groove, the inside of the air inlet groove is fixedly connected with a spring, the outside of the spring is fixedly connected with a push rod, the inside of the air inlet groove is fixedly connected with a sealing block, the air inlet of the suction pump is communicated with the furnace body through a pipeline and a filter valve, and the air outlet of the suction pump is communicated with the connecting valve through a pipeline.

[0010] Preferably, the top of the base is fixedly provided with an electromagnetic pump, the feeding hole of the electromagnetic pump is communicated with the furnace body through a pipeline, and the discharging hole of the electromagnetic pump is communicated with the sprue through a pipeline.

[0011] Preferably, the outer side of the furnace body is provided with a discharge groove, the discharge groove is communicated with the limiting groove, the both sides of the bottom of the baffle are fixedly connected with a decontamination plate and a blocking block for blocking the discharge groove respectively, and the outer side of the furnace body is fixedly connected with a discharge hopper, and the discharge hopper is located below the discharge groove.

[0012] Preferably, the top of the connecting plate is fixedly connected with a vacuum pump, the inside of the fixed mold is provided with an air suction groove, the air inlet of the vacuum pump is communicated with the air suction groove through a pipeline, the air outlet of the vacuum pump is communicated with an external gas treatment equipment through a pipeline, and the inside of the air suction groove is fixedly connected with a ceramic plate.

[0013] Preferably, the top of the connecting valve is fixedly connected with an air storage bag, the air storage bag is communicated with the air inlet groove through the connecting valve, and the air outlet of the suction pump is communicated with the air storage bag through a pipeline.

[0014] Preferably, the shape of the push rod is provided in a thick-thin mode, the thick part of the push rod is arranged in close contact with the inside of the air inlet groove, and the thin part of the push rod is arranged in non-close contact with the inner wall of the sealing block.

[0015] Preferably, the pushing rod is slidingly connected inside the gate and the feeding pipe, and the feeding pipe is internally fixedly provided with a control valve.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the application has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] 1. In the application, the preheating, impurity cleaning, casting pushing and cooling of the mold are achieved through the cooperation of the air extraction pump, the connecting valve and the air inlet groove. The hot air of the smelting furnace is discharged into the air storage bag and then into the air inlet groove by starting the air extraction pump, which drives the pushing rod to move outward to preheat the mold and blow out impurities. After the mold is closed, the vacuum pump extracts air to form a vacuum environment, which is beneficial to the filling of aluminum water and the discharge of bubbles. After the casting is completed, the hot air is discharged to drive the pushing rod to push out the casting and cool it, thereby reducing the thermal stress of the casting and the thermal fatigue of the mold and improving the service performance of the mold and the quality of the casting.

[0018] 2. In the application, the effective separation and control of the space in the smelting furnace are realized through the baffle, the limiting groove and the related structure in the smelting furnace mechanism. When the pushing rod moves, the baffle is inserted into the limiting groove to form a closed space, the air extraction pump extracts air to create a vacuum-like environment, and the hydrogen gas and low-boiling-point impurities in the aluminum water are volatilized, thereby reducing the content of gas and impurities and effectively reducing the bubbles and impurities in the aluminum-based composite material after extrusion casting, improving the quality of the aluminum water, and improving the stability of the casting quality.

[0019] 3. In the application, when the mold is demolded, the vacuum pump maintains the vacuum of the mold cavity when the movable mold moves outward, so that there is almost no air pressure difference between the casting and the mold, thereby greatly reducing the friction and avoiding scratching the surface of the casting. After the movable mold and the fixed mold are completely separated, the closing plate is drawn out and the baffle is opened, the air storage bag is exhausted to drive the pushing rod to push out the casting. The whole process is stable and orderly, and the surface quality of the casting is effectively protected. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic view of the overall structure of the application in the mold opening state;

[0021] Figure 2 It is another view of the overall structure of the application in the mold opening state;

[0022] Figure 3 It is a sectional view of the connecting plate, the fixed mold and the gate in the mold opening state of the application;

[0023] Figure 4 It is another view of the sectional view of the connecting plate, the fixed mold and the gate in the mold opening state of the application;

[0024] Figure 5 It is a sectional view of the smelting furnace body in the mold opening state of the application;

[0025] Figure 6 Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present application in the mold clamping state;

[0026] Figure 7 Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the connecting plate, the fixed mold and the gate in the mold clamping state of the present application;

[0027] Figure 8 Fig. 3 is a sectional view of the furnace body in the mold clamping state of the present application;

[0028] Figure 9 Fig. 4 is an enlarged view of A in Fig. 1 of the present application; Figure 3

[0029] Figure 10 Fig. 5 is an enlarged view of B in Fig. 1 of the present application; Figure 4

[0030] Fig. 6 is an enlarged view of C in Fig. 1 of the present application; Figure 11 Figure 7 Fig. 7 is an enlarged view of D in Fig. 1 of the present application.

[0031] Figure 12 Fig. 8 is a schematic view of the present application in the mold clamping state; Figure 9 Fig. 9 is a schematic view of the present application in the mold clamping state;

[0032]

[0033] 1, base; 2, hydraulic machine;

[0034] 3, pneumatic mechanism; 31, air extraction pump; 32, connecting valve; 33, closing port; 34, closing plate; 35, air storage bag; 36, air inlet groove; 37, sealing block; 38, spring; 39, push rod; 310, vacuum pump; 311, air extraction groove; 312, ceramic plate;

[0035] 4, connecting plate;

[0036] 5, furnace mechanism; 51, furnace body; 52, limiting groove; 53, discharge groove; 54, discharge hopper; 55, baffle;

[0037] 6, conveying mechanism; 61, hydraulic assembly; 62, push rod; 63, electromagnetic pump; 64, gate; 65, feeding pipe; 66, control valve;

[0038] 7, mold mechanism; 71, movable mold; 72, fixed mold;

[0039] 8, connecting rod; 9, aluminum matrix composite raw material; 10, filter valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] ​​​With reference to the drawings of the embodiments of the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work fall within the scope of the present application.

[0041] Please refer to Figures 1 to 12 The present application provides a technical solution of an extrusion casting device for forming an aluminum-based composite material:

[0042] An extrusion casting device for forming an aluminum-based composite material, comprising a base 1, three connecting plates 4 are arranged on the base 1, the connecting plate 4 in the middle is in sliding connection with the base 1, and the connecting plates 4 on both sides are fixedly connected to the base 1. The connecting plate 4 on one side is fixedly connected with a hydraulic machine 2, wherein the output end of the hydraulic machine 2 is fixedly connected with the connecting plate 4 in the middle. The outer side of the base 1 is provided with a conveying mechanism 6 for conveying aluminum liquid, and the conveying mechanism 6 comprises a hydraulic assembly 61. The hydraulic assembly 61 comprises a hydraulic rod, an oil tank and an oil pump. The output end of the hydraulic rod is fixedly connected with a pushing rod 62. The inner side of the connecting plate 4 on the other side is fixedly provided with a feeding pipe 65, and the outer side of the connecting plate 4 on the other side is fixedly connected with a sprue 64.

[0043] The outer side of the base 1 is provided with a furnace mechanism 5 for melting the aluminum-based composite material raw material 9. The furnace mechanism 5 comprises a furnace body 51. The inner side of the furnace body 51 is provided with a limiting groove 52. The limiting groove 52 is in sliding connection with a baffle 55 on the inner side. The baffle 55 is connected with the pushing rod 62 through a connecting rod 8. The top of the baffle 55 is placed with the aluminum-based composite material raw material 9.

[0044] The outer side of the connecting plate 4 is provided with a mold mechanism 7. The mold mechanism 7 comprises a movable mold 71 and a fixed mold 72 which are fixedly connected to the connecting plate 4.

[0045] The outer side of the base 1 is provided with a pneumatic mechanism 3. The pneumatic mechanism 3 comprises a suction pump 31 which is fixedly connected to the base 1. The top of the fixed mold 72 is fixedly connected with a connecting valve 32. The inner side of the connecting valve 32 is provided with a closed port 33. The opening of the closed port 33 is provided with a sealing strip. The top of the movable mold 71 is fixedly provided with a sealing plate 34 for cooperating with the closed port 33. The inner side of the fixed mold 72 is provided with an air inlet groove 36. The inner side of the air inlet groove 36 is fixedly connected with a spring 38. The outer side of the spring 38 is fixedly connected with a push rod 39. The inner side of the air inlet groove 36 is fixedly connected with a sealing block 37. The air inlet of the suction pump 31 is communicated with the furnace body 51 through a pipeline and a filter valve 10. The air outlet of the suction pump 31 is communicated with the connecting valve 32 through a pipeline.

[0046] As an embodiment of the present application, as Figure 1, Figure 3 and Figure 10 As shown, an electromagnetic pump 63 is fixedly installed on the top of the base 1. The feed port of the electromagnetic pump 63 is connected to the furnace body 51 through a pipe, and the discharge port of the electromagnetic pump 63 is connected to the gate 64 through a pipe. The push rod 62 is slidably connected inside the gate 64 and the feed pipe 65. A control valve 66 is fixedly installed inside the feed pipe 65.

[0047] During operation, when the moving mold 71 and the fixed mold 72 are closed, the electromagnetic pump 63 starts to introduce a certain amount of molten aluminum from the furnace body 51 into the feed pipe 65 through the gate 64. Then the electromagnetic pump 63 is turned off, and the hydraulic component 61 starts to push the molten aluminum in the feed pipe 65 into the mold cavity through the control valve 66.

[0048] As one embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 1 , Figure 5 and Figure 8 As shown, a discharge groove 53 is provided on the outer side of the furnace body 51. The discharge groove 53 is connected to the limiting groove 52. A debriding plate and a sealing block for sealing the discharge groove 53 are fixedly connected to both sides of the bottom of the baffle 55. A discharge hopper 54 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the furnace body 51. The discharge hopper 54 is located below the discharge groove 53.

[0049] During operation, aluminum-based composite material raw material 9 is first placed in the furnace body 51 for melting treatment, producing a certain amount of molten aluminum. The pusher rod 62 moves to drive the baffle 55 into the limiting groove 52, dividing the furnace body 51 into upper and lower spaces. The lower space is a closed space for molten aluminum. The vacuum pump 31 sucks out the gas from the lower space to form a near-vacuum environment, reducing gas and impurities in the molten aluminum, thereby reducing bubbles and impurities in the casting. Then, the hydraulic press 2 pushes the connecting plate 4 to move the moving mold 71 to complete the extrusion casting to form the casting. After casting is completed, the hydraulic component 61 resets the pusher rod 62, drives the baffle 55 to open, realizes automatic feeding, and discharges impurities at the same time. The opening and closing of the baffle 55 causes changes in the air pressure in the space below the furnace body 51, causing gas flow, promoting heat transfer, improving the temperature distribution of molten aluminum, and improving the stability of product quality.

[0050] As one embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 9 , Figure 11 and Figure 12As shown, the top of the connecting plate 4 is fixedly connected with a vacuum pump 310, the inside of the fixed mold 72 is provided with an air extraction groove 311, the air inlet of the vacuum pump 310 is communicated with the air extraction groove 311 through a pipeline, the air outlet of the vacuum pump 310 is communicated with external gas treatment equipment through a pipeline, the inside of the air extraction groove 311 is fixedly connected with a ceramic plate 312, the ceramic plate 312 is provided with a through hole, the through hole can allow gas molecules to enter and exit and can isolate aluminum molecules from entering and exiting, the top of the connecting valve 32 is fixedly connected with a gas storage bag 35, the gas storage bag 35 is communicated with the air inlet groove 36 through the connecting valve 32, the air outlet of the air extraction pump 31 is communicated with the gas storage bag 35 through a pipeline, the outer shape of the push rod 39 is provided in a thick-thin manner, the thick part of the push rod 39 is arranged in close contact with the inside of the air inlet groove 36, and the thin part of the push rod 39 is arranged in non-close contact with the inner wall of the sealing block 37.

[0051] When working, the air extraction pump 31 and the hydraulic machine 2 are started: the baffle 55 is opened, the air extraction pump 31 discharges hot air in the furnace body 51 into the gas storage bag 35, pushes the push rod 39 outwards through the air inlet groove 36, the hot air is discharged to the inside of the fixed mold 72 to preheat and blow out impurities, at the same time, the hydraulic machine 2 drives the connecting plate 4 to make the movable mold 71 and the fixed mold 72 close, the sealing plate 34 blocks the connecting valve 32, and the hot gas is stored in the gas storage bag 35.

[0052] After the mold is closed, the vacuum pump 310, the electromagnetic pump 63 and the hydraulic assembly 61 are started in sequence: the vacuum pump 310 extracts the air in the mold cavity to form a vacuum environment, the electromagnetic pump 63 introduces aluminum liquid, and the hydraulic assembly 61 pushes the aluminum liquid into the mold cavity; the vacuum environment makes the aluminum liquid quickly fill the mold cavity and suck out air bubbles, and the ceramic plate 312 ensures that the gas is discharged while the aluminum liquid is not discharged.

[0053] After the extrusion casting is completed: the hydraulic machine 2 drives the movable mold 71 to move outwards, the mold cavity maintains a vacuum state during demolding to reduce the friction between the casting and the mold to avoid scratching, after the movable mold 71 and the fixed mold 72 are completely separated, the sealing plate 34 is drawn out, the baffle 55 is opened, the air extraction pump 31 extracts the hot air of the furnace, the gas storage bag 35 is reset to discharge air to push the push rod 39 to push out the casting, the hot air cools the fixed mold 72 and the casting, slows down the temperature change, thermal stress and temperature difference of the fixed mold 72, and avoids thermal fatigue of the fixed mold 72.

[0054] Working principle: when working, first put the aluminum-based composite material raw material 9 into the inside of the furnace body 51, melt the aluminum-based composite material raw material 9 to melt a certain amount of aluminum liquid in the inside of the furnace body 51.

[0055] When extrusion casting is needed, first start the air extraction pump 31 and then start the hydraulic machine 2, because the baffle 55 is in an open state at this time, the aluminum-based composite material raw material 9 is melted in the furnace body 51, the hot air in the furnace body 51 is discharged into the gas storage bag 35 through the air extraction pump 31, the hot air is preheated and blown out through the air inlet groove 36, the movable mold 71 and the fixed mold 72 are closed, the sealing plate 34 blocks the connecting valve 32, and the hot gas is stored in the gas storage bag 35. Figure 1As shown, after the air pump 31 is started, the relatively hot gas inside the furnace body 51 will be sucked in and discharged into the inside of the air bag 35 through the pipeline. Since the air bag 35 is connected with the air inlet groove 36 through the connecting valve 32, and the sealing strip is installed at the opening of the closed port 33, the relatively hot gas will push the push rod 39 out through the air inlet groove 36 until the thick part of the push rod 39 moves out of the inside of the air inlet groove 36. At this time, the gas will be discharged to the inside of the fixed mold 72 through the air inlet groove 36, which can preheat the fixed mold 72 and blow out the impurities in the fixed mold 72. At the same time, the output end of the hydraulic machine 2 pushes the middle connecting plate 4 to move, so that the movable mold 71 and the fixed mold 72 realize clamping. At this time, the sealing plate 34 on the movable mold 71 will penetrate the sealing strip and insert into the inside of the closed port 33, so as to block the connecting valve 32. The relatively hot gas will not enter the inside of the air inlet groove 36, and the relatively hot gas will be stored in the inside of the air bag 35.

[0056] When the movable mold 71 and the fixed mold 72 are clamped, the vacuum pump 310, the electromagnetic pump 63 and the hydraulic assembly 61 are started in turn. After the vacuum pump 310 is started, the air inside the mold cavity formed after the movable mold 71 and the fixed mold 72 are clamped will be sucked out through the air suction groove 311, so that a vacuum environment is formed in the inside of the mold cavity. After the electromagnetic pump 63 is started, a certain amount of molten aluminum water in the furnace body 51 will be introduced into the feeding pipe 65 through the pouring gate 64. Then the electromagnetic pump 63 is closed. After the hydraulic assembly 61 is started, the aluminum water in the feeding pipe 65 will be pushed into the mold cavity through the control valve 66. Since the inside of the mold cavity is a vacuum environment, the aluminum water entering the inside of the mold cavity will quickly fill all positions of the mold cavity. At the same time, the vacuum environment in the inside of the mold cavity will quickly suck out the gas bubbles existing in the aluminum water and discharge them through the air suction groove 311. Since the ceramic plate 312 is arranged at the air suction groove 311 (the ceramic plate 312 is provided with a through hole which can allow gas molecules to enter and exit but can isolate aluminum molecules from entering and exiting), the gas will be discharged through the air suction groove 311, but the aluminum water will not be discharged through the air suction groove 311.

[0057] When the push rod 62 moves, the baffle 55 will be moved through the connecting rod 8. When the push rod 62 moves to the specified position, the baffle 55 will also be completely inserted into the limiting groove 52, so as to divide the furnace body 51 into two spaces. The lower space is for molten aluminum water, and the upper space can put the aluminum-based composite material raw material 9 to be melted. The lower space is a completely closed space. At this time, the air pump 31 will suck out the gas in the lower space of the furnace body 51, so that a quasi-vacuum environment is formed in the lower space of the furnace body 51. The quasi-vacuum environment is helpful for the volatilization of hydrogen and low-boiling-point impurities in the aluminum water, so as to effectively reduce the gas and impurities in the aluminum water, and further reduce the bubbles and impurities in the aluminum-based composite material after extrusion casting forming;

[0058] Then the hydraulic machine 2 will continue to push the connecting plate 4 to drive the movable mold 71 to move to the designated position, thereby completing the extrusion casting of the aluminum matrix composite material, and finally forming the casting;

[0059] After the extrusion casting is completed, the movable mold 71 is first driven out by the hydraulic machine 2, and in the process of moving out of the movable mold 71 and completely separating from the fixed mold 72, the vacuum pump 310 is closed, and the hydraulic assembly 61 drives the pushing rod 62 to reset. After the pushing rod 62 is reset, the baffle 55 is opened by the connecting rod 8, and the mold cavity formed by the movable mold 71 and the fixed mold 72 is always in a vacuum environment. Since the casting forms a vacuum environment with the inner wall of the mold during extrusion casting, when the mold cavity is in a vacuum environment, there is almost no air pressure difference between the casting and the mold, thereby reducing the friction between the casting and the mold, so as to avoid scratching the surface of the casting during demolding. When the movable mold 71 and the fixed mold 72 are completely separated, the sealing plate 34 will also be drawn out from the inside of the sealing opening 33, and after the baffle 55 is opened, the air pump 31 can extract more hot gas from the furnace body 51. At this time, the air tank 35 is connected with the air inlet groove 36 through the connecting valve 32, and the air tank 35 resets quickly to quickly discharge the air stored inside through the air inlet groove 36. The gas will push the push rod 39 to move, and after the push rod 39 moves, the casting inside the fixed mold 72 will be pushed out. At the same time, the hot gas will also cool the fixed mold 72 and the casting. The hot gas used for cooling the casting can slow down the temperature change of the casting, thereby reducing the thermal stress inside the casting, and slowing down the temperature difference of the fixed mold 72 to avoid thermal fatigue of the fixed mold 72 (because the temperature of the gas in the furnace body 51 is transferred from the aluminum water, and the baffle 55 is in the process of opening and closing, so the temperature of the hot gas inside the furnace body 51 is lower than the temperature of the aluminum water, and the hot gas is transferred by the air pump 31, so the temperature of the hot gas blown into the fixed mold 72 is further reduced, so the hot gas can be used for cooling);

[0060] When the baffle 55 is opened, the aluminum matrix composite material raw material 9 above the baffle 55 will fall into the space below the furnace body 51, thereby realizing automatic feeding. The bottom sealing block will be separated from the discharge groove 53, and the impurity plate will scrape off the impurities separated from the aluminum water in the furnace body 51 and discharge them through the discharge groove 53 and the discharge hopper 54. At the same time, since the baffle 55 is in an open state and a closed state alternately, the space below the furnace body 51 is in a quasi-vacuum state and a normal pressure state alternately, which causes the flow of gas in the furnace body 51, thereby promoting heat transfer. When the furnace is pumped, the flow direction of the gas in the furnace changes, the hot gas is extracted, and the surrounding cooler gas is supplemented, thereby making the temperature of the aluminum liquid more uniform. When the air is inhaled, the gas entering the furnace will also produce convection, further improving the temperature distribution in the aluminum water, which is beneficial to improve the stability of product quality.

[0061] While embodiments of the application have been shown and described, it is to be understood that the embodiments described are merely exemplary of the principles and application of the present application. Numerous modifications and adaptions can be effected without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, which is not limited to the exact construction and arrangement described. It is intended, therefore, to cover all modifications and adaptions that fall within the scope of the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An extrusion casting device for forming an aluminum matrix composite material, comprising a base (1), three connecting plates (4) are arranged on the base (1), the connecting plate (4) in the middle is in sliding connection with the base (1), and the connecting plates (4) on both sides are fixedly connected to the base (1), the connecting plate (4) on one side is fixedly connected with a hydraulic machine (2), wherein the output end of the hydraulic machine (2) is fixedly connected with the connecting plate (4) in the middle, characterized in that: The outer side of the base (1) is provided with a conveying mechanism (6) for conveying molten aluminum, the conveying mechanism (6) comprises a hydraulic assembly (61), the hydraulic assembly (61) comprises a hydraulic rod, an oil tank and an oil pump, the output end of the hydraulic rod is fixedly connected with a pushing rod (62), the inner side of the other side of the connecting plate (4) is fixedly provided with a feeding pipe (65), and the outer side of the other side of the connecting plate (4) is fixedly connected with a sprue (64); The outer side of the base (1) is provided with a melting furnace mechanism (5) for melting the aluminum matrix composite raw material (9), the melting furnace mechanism (5) comprises a melting furnace body (51), the inner side of the melting furnace body (51) is provided with a limiting groove (52), the inner side of the limiting groove (52) is slidably connected with a baffle (55), the baffle (55) is connected with the pushing rod (62) through a connecting rod (8), and the top of the baffle (55) is placed with the aluminum matrix composite raw material (9); The outer side of the connecting plate (4) is provided with a mold mechanism (7), the mold mechanism (7) comprises a movable mold (71) and a fixed mold (72) fixedly connected on the connecting plate (4); The outer side of the base (1) is provided with a pneumatic mechanism (3), the pneumatic mechanism (3) comprises an air pump (31) fixedly connected on the base (1), a connecting valve (32) fixedly connected on the top of the fixed mold (72), a closed opening (33) formed in the inner side of the connecting valve (32), a sealing strip mounted on the opening of the closed opening (33), a sealing plate (34) fixedly mounted on the top of the movable mold (71) and used in cooperation with the closed opening (33), an air inlet groove (36) formed in the inner side of the fixed mold (72), a spring (38) fixedly connected in the inner side of the air inlet groove (36), a push rod (39) fixedly connected on the outer side of the spring (38), a sealing block (37) fixedly connected in the inner side of the air inlet groove (36), and the air inlet of the air pump (31) is communicated with the melting furnace body (51) through a pipeline and a filter valve (10), and the air outlet of the air pump (31) is communicated with the connecting valve (32) through a pipeline.

2. The squeeze casting apparatus for forming an aluminum matrix composite material according to claim 1, wherein: The top of the base (1) is fixedly provided with an electromagnetic pump (63), the feeding hole of the electromagnetic pump (63) is communicated with the melting furnace body (51) through a pipeline, and the discharging hole of the electromagnetic pump (63) is communicated with the sprue (64) through a pipeline.

3. The squeeze casting apparatus for forming an aluminum matrix composite material according to claim 1, wherein: The outer side of the melting furnace body (51) is provided with a discharge groove (53), the discharge groove (53) is communicated with the limiting groove (52), the bottom of the baffle (55) is fixedly connected with a decontamination plate and a blocking block for blocking the discharge groove (53) on both sides, and the outer side of the melting furnace body (51) is fixedly connected with a discharge hopper (54), and the discharge hopper (54) is located below the discharge groove (53).

4. The squeeze casting apparatus for forming an aluminum matrix composite material according to claim 1, wherein: The top of the connecting plate (4) is fixedly connected with a vacuum pump (310), the inside of the fixed mold (72) is provided with an air extraction groove (311), the air inlet of the vacuum pump (310) is communicated with the air extraction groove (311) through a pipeline, the air outlet of the vacuum pump (310) is communicated with external gas treatment equipment through a pipeline, and the inside of the air extraction groove (311) is fixedly connected with a ceramic plate (312).

5. The squeeze casting apparatus for forming an aluminum matrix composite material according to claim 4, wherein: The top of the connecting valve (32) is fixedly connected with a gas storage bag (35), the gas storage bag (35) is communicated with the air inlet groove (36) through the connecting valve (32), and the air outlet of the air extraction pump (31) is communicated with the gas storage bag (35) through a pipeline.

6. The squeeze casting apparatus for forming an aluminum matrix composite material according to claim 1, wherein: The outer shape of the push rod (39) is provided in a thick-thin mode, the thick section of the push rod (39) is arranged in close contact with the inside of the air inlet groove (36), and the thin section of the push rod (39) is arranged in non-close contact with the inner wall of the sealing block (37).

7. The squeeze casting apparatus for forming an aluminum matrix composite material according to claim 2, wherein: The push rod (62) is slidingly connected in the inside of the sprue (64) and the feeding pipe (65), and the inside of the feeding pipe (65) is fixedly provided with a control valve (66).

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