Machining method of cast aluminum blank part for aviation

Abstract

The invention discloses a machining method for an aviation cast aluminum blank part, and belongs to the technical field of machining clamp devices. The method comprises the following steps: S1, clamping for the first time; a to-be-machined part is installed on the first clamp, and then the first clamp and the to-be-machined part are installed on a rotary dividing head of the numerical control milling machine together; s2, machining of the outer side end plane of the periphery of the to-be-machined part is completed; s3, clamping for the second time; the to-be-machined part is taken down from the first clamp and then cleaned, then the to-be-machined part is installed on the second clamp, and then the second clamp and the to-be-machined part are installed on a rotary dividing head of the numerical control milling machine together; s4, machining of the remaining end face, the hole and the inner cavity on the to-be-machined part is completed; s5, the machined formed part is taken down and cleaned; according to the invention, the problems of large accumulative error, low part yield, high processing cost and low production efficiency caused by multiple times of clamping and processing on a plurality of machine tools at present are effectively solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of mechanical processing fixture devices, and in particular to a processing method for a cast aluminum blank part used in aviation. Background Art

[0002] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a blank of an aviation cast aluminum part; Figures 2 to 4 It is a schematic diagram of the finished part, in which there are processing accuracy requirements for the a end face, b end face, c end face, d end face, e end face, holes on the f face, and g inner cavity window. Under conventional processing methods, it is necessary to use a variety of different fixtures on multiple machine tools for processing. Obviously, this processing method has the problems of large accumulated errors due to multiple clamping, and occupies a lot of equipment and personnel, which can easily lead to the problem that the processing size and position accuracy of the product cannot be guaranteed; the production efficiency is also low. Summary of the invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a processing method for cast aluminum blank parts for aviation, so as to solve the problems of large cumulative errors, low part yield, high processing cost and low production efficiency caused by multiple clamping processing on multiple machine tools.

[0004] To solve the above problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A method for processing a cast aluminum blank part for aviation; the method comprises the following steps: S1, first clamping; installing the part to be processed on the fixture 1, and then installing the fixture 1 and the part to be processed together on the rotary indexing head of the CNC milling machine; The fixture comprises a main shaft in the shape of a stepped shaft; the small diameter end of the main shaft is detachably mounted on the rotary indexing head of the CNC milling machine; a base and a movable bracket are mounted on the other end side plane of the main shaft; the shape specification of the outer peripheral side of the base is consistent with the shape specification of the inner cavity peripheral side of the part to be processed; the part to be processed is placed upside down on the base; a top pressure plate is mounted on the movable bracket; the top pressure plate is pressed on the upper top surface of the part to be processed; S2, complete the processing of the outer end planes around the part to be processed; first perform milling on the a surface of the part to be processed; after the processing of the a surface is completed, the clamp is driven to rotate 90 degrees by rotating the indexing head to realize the processing of the b surface; thereafter, after each side end surface is processed, the clamp is driven to rotate 90 degrees by rotating the indexing head, and the a surface, b surface, c surface and d surface are processed step by step; S3, second clamping; remove the part to be processed from the fixture one and clean it, then install the part to be processed on the fixture two, and then install the fixture two and the part to be processed together on the rotary indexing head of the CNC milling machine; The clamp 2 includes a main shaft 2 in the shape of a stepped shaft; the small diameter end of the main shaft 2 is detachably mounted on the rotary indexing head of the CNC milling machine; a left vertical plate and a right vertical plate are mounted on the other end side plane of the main shaft 2; a side pressure plate is mounted on the left vertical plate; the part to be processed is clamped between two end planes opposite to the side pressure plate and the right vertical plate, and the processed d surface of the part to be processed is in contact with the side pressure plate, and the c surface is in contact with the right vertical plate; a pair of positioning pins are arranged on the right vertical plate; the positioning pins are detachably inserted into two circular holes on the c surface of the part to be processed; S4, complete the processing of the remaining end faces, holes and inner cavities on the part to be processed; first perform milling on the e surface and the g inner cavity window on the part to be processed; then drive the second fixture to rotate 90° by rotating the dividing head to realize the processing of the f surface; S5. Remove the processed molded parts and clean them.

[0005] Preferably, a pad is also installed on the upper top of the base; the shape and specifications of the pad are consistent with the shape and specifications of the groove at the bottom of the inner cavity of the part to be processed; and a circular hole is also opened on the pad at the position of the truncated cone structure on the groove at the bottom of the inner cavity of the part to be processed; the diameter of the circular hole is larger than the outer diameter of the truncated cone.

[0006] Preferably, the movable bracket is arranged opposite to the cylindrical cabin on the part to be processed; the movable bracket is a column-type structure, and a through hole is opened in the axial direction of the movable bracket; a threaded hole is opened on the main shaft at a position opposite to the through hole; the movable bracket is detachably mounted on the main shaft by bolts; a cantilever support rod is also arranged on the top of the movable bracket; a top pressure plate is arranged below the cantilever support rod; a guide threaded hole is opened on the cantilever support rod, and the top pressure plate is pressed on the part to be processed by bolts arranged at the guide threaded hole.

[0007] Preferably, a guide groove is opened on the left vertical plate; a sliding block matching the guide groove is arranged on the back of the side pressure plate; a guide threaded hole is opened at the bottom of the guide groove, and the side pressure plate is pressed on the side end surface of the part to be processed by a bolt arranged at the guide threaded hole.

[0008] Preferably, the side pressure plate is an L-plate structure, and its two end side surfaces at the angle position are respectively attached to the d surface and the f surface of the part to be processed; and the side pressure plate does not interfere with the unprocessed circular hole on the f surface.

[0009] Preferably, a C-shaped ring clamp is also provided on the right vertical plate; the two protruding ends of the C-shaped ring clamp are respectively buckled at the L-stage structure position where the c-surface on the part to be processed is located; a threaded hole is opened in the middle of the C-shaped ring clamp, and the locking bolt locks the C-shaped ring clamp and the part to be processed at the threaded hole.

[0010] Furthermore, the distance between the lower bottom surface of the C-shaped ring clamp and the second end face of the main shaft is consistent with the thickness of the lower side plate of the L-plate at the position of the cylindrical cabin of the part to be processed; and when the part to be processed is clamped between the side pressure plate and the right vertical plate, its b surface is set in contact with the end face of the second main shaft.

[0011] Preferably, the left vertical plate and the right vertical plate are both an integral structure fixedly connected to the second main shaft.

[0012] Beneficial effects of the present invention: The present invention designs a processing method for the processing requirements of aviation cavity parts pointed out in the background technology. The method uses two clamps to cooperate with a CNC milling machine for processing. By respectively installing the clamps on an automatically rotatable dividing head, multiple surfaces can be processed by one clamping, and parts can be processed at multiple rotation angles. The number of repeated clamping and positioning under conventional processing methods is reduced from eight times to two times, thereby effectively overcoming the problems of many ordinary processing steps, many clamps, and large accumulated errors from multiple clampings; the processing size and position accuracy are effectively improved; at the same time, the problem of occupying many machine tools and many personnel is reduced, thereby improving production efficiency and reducing costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 is the blank of the part to be processed in this embodiment; Figures 2 to 4 They are schematic diagrams of the three-dimensional structure of the molded part in this embodiment; Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure when the part to be processed is installed on the fixture 1 in this embodiment; Figure 6 yes Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the device in another viewing angle; Figure 7 yes Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the device after the parts to be processed are removed; Figure 8 yes Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the device after removing the movable bracket and the top pressure plate; Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure when the part to be processed is installed on the second fixture in this embodiment; Fig.10 yes Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the device in another viewing angle; Fig.11 yes Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the device after the parts to be processed are removed; Fig.12 Schematic diagram of the C-shaped clamping ring and the locking bolt in this embodiment; Explanation of the reference numerals in the accompanying drawings: 1. Parts to be processed, 2. Spindle 1, 3. Base, 4. Movable bracket, 5. Top pressure plate, 6. Pad, 7. Spindle 2, 8. Left vertical plate, 9. Right vertical plate, 10. Side pressure plate, 11. Locating pin, 12. Locking bolt, 13. C-type ring clamp. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0014] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments: Example: Reference Figure 1 The present embodiment provides a method for processing a cast aluminum blank part for aviation, which comprises the following steps: S1, first clamping; installing the part 1 to be processed on the fixture 1, and then installing the fixture 1 and the part to be processed together on the rotary indexing head of the CNC milling machine; The fixture 1 includes a main shaft 2 in the shape of a stepped shaft; the small diameter end of the main shaft 2 is detachably mounted on the rotary indexing head of the CNC milling machine; a base 3 and a movable bracket 4 are mounted on the other end side plane of the main shaft 2; the shape specification of the outer peripheral side of the base 3 is consistent with the shape specification of the inner cavity peripheral side of the part to be processed 1; the part to be processed 1 is inverted and arranged on the base 3; a top pressure plate 5 is mounted on the movable bracket 4; the top pressure plate 5 is pressed on the upper top surface of the part to be processed 1; S2, complete the processing of the outer end planes around the part to be processed; first perform milling on the a surface of the part to be processed; after the processing of the a surface is completed, the clamp is driven to rotate 90 degrees by rotating the indexing head to realize the processing of the b surface; thereafter, after each side end surface is processed, the clamp is driven to rotate 90 degrees by rotating the indexing head, and the a surface, b surface, c surface and d surface are processed step by step; S3, second clamping; remove the part to be processed from the fixture one and clean it, then install the part to be processed on the fixture two, and then install the fixture two and the part to be processed together on the rotary indexing head of the CNC milling machine; The clamp 2 includes a main shaft 2 7 in the shape of a stepped shaft; the small diameter end of the main shaft 2 7 is detachably mounted on the rotary indexing head of the CNC milling machine; a left vertical plate 8 and a right vertical plate 9 are mounted on the other end side plane of the main shaft 2 7; a side pressure plate 10 is mounted on the left vertical plate 8; the part 1 to be processed is clamped between the two end planes opposite to the side pressure plate 10 and the right vertical plate 9, and the processed d surface of the part 1 to be processed is in contact with the side pressure plate 10, and the c surface is in contact with the right vertical plate 9; a pair of positioning pins 11 are arranged on the right vertical plate 9; the positioning pins 11 are detachably inserted into two circular holes on the c surface of the part 1 to be processed; S4, complete the processing of the remaining end faces, holes and inner cavities on the part to be processed; first perform milling on the e surface and the g inner cavity window on the part to be processed; then drive the second fixture to rotate 90° by rotating the dividing head to realize the processing of the f surface; S5. Remove the processed molded parts and clean them.

[0015] A pad 6 is also installed on the top of the base 1; the shape and specifications of the pad 6 are consistent with the shape and specifications of the groove at the bottom of the inner cavity of the part to be processed 1; and a circular hole is also opened on the pad 6 at the position of the truncated cone structure on the groove at the bottom of the inner cavity of the part to be processed 1; the aperture of the circular hole is larger than the outer diameter of the truncated cone.

[0016] The movable bracket 4 is arranged opposite to the cylindrical cabin on the part to be processed 1; the movable bracket 4 is a columnar structure, and a through hole is opened in the axial direction of the movable bracket 4; a threaded hole is opened on the main shaft 2 at a position corresponding to the through hole; the movable bracket 4 is detachably mounted on the main shaft 2 by bolts; a cantilever support rod is also arranged on the top of the movable bracket 4; a top pressure plate 5 is arranged below the cantilever support rod; a guide threaded hole is opened on the cantilever support rod, and the top pressure plate 5 is pressed on the part to be processed 1 by bolts arranged at the guide threaded hole.

[0017] A guide groove is opened on the left vertical plate 8; a sliding block matching the guide groove is arranged on the back of the side pressure plate 10; a guide threaded hole is opened at the bottom of the guide groove, and the side pressure plate 10 is pressed on the side end surface of the part 1 to be processed by a bolt arranged at the guide threaded hole.

[0018] The side pressure plate 10 is an L-plate structure, and its two end side surfaces at the angle position are respectively attached to the d surface and the f surface of the part 1 to be processed; and the side pressure plate 10 does not interfere with the unprocessed circular hole on the f surface.

[0019] A C-shaped ring clamp is also provided on the right vertical plate 9; the two protruding ends of the C-shaped ring clamp are respectively buckled at the L-stage structure position where the c-surface on the part to be processed 1 is located; a threaded hole is opened in the middle of the C-shaped ring clamp, and the locking bolt 12 locks the C-shaped ring clamp and the part to be processed 1 at the threaded hole.

[0020] The distance between the lower bottom surface of the C-shaped ring clamp and the end surface of the main shaft 2 7 is consistent with the thickness of the lower side plate of the L plate at the position of the cylindrical cabin of the part to be processed 1; and when the part to be processed 1 is clamped between the side pressure plate 10 and the right vertical plate 9, its b surface is set in contact with the end surface of the main shaft 2 7.

[0021] The left vertical plate 8 and the right vertical plate 9 are both fixedly connected to the main shaft 7 as an integral structure.

Claims

1. A method for processing cast aluminum blank parts for aviation, characterized in that: It includes the following steps: S1, first clamping; mounting the part to be processed (1) on a fixture 1, and then mounting the fixture 1 and the part to be processed together on a rotary indexing head of a CNC milling machine; The clamp comprises a main shaft (2) in the shape of a stepped shaft; the small diameter end of the main shaft (2) is detachably mounted on a rotary indexing head of a numerically controlled milling machine; a base (3) and a movable bracket (4) are mounted on the other end side plane of the main shaft (2); the shape specification of the outer peripheral side of the base (3) is consistent with the shape specification of the inner cavity peripheral side of the part to be processed (1); the part to be processed (1) is arranged upside down on the base (3); a top pressure plate (5) is mounted on the movable bracket (4); the top pressure plate (5) is pressed on the upper top surface of the part to be processed (1); S2, complete the processing of the outer end planes around the part to be processed; first perform milling on the a surface of the part to be processed; after the processing of the a surface is completed, the clamp is driven to rotate 90 degrees by rotating the indexing head to realize the processing of the b surface; thereafter, after each side end surface is processed, the clamp is driven to rotate 90 degrees by rotating the indexing head, and the a surface, b surface, c surface and d surface are processed step by step; S3, second clamping; remove the part to be processed from the fixture one and clean it, then install the part to be processed on the fixture two, and then install the fixture two and the part to be processed together on the rotary indexing head of the CNC milling machine; The clamp 2 comprises a main shaft 2 (7) in the shape of a stepped shaft; the small diameter end of the main shaft 2 (7) is detachably mounted on the rotary indexing head of the CNC milling machine; a left vertical plate (8) and a right vertical plate (9) are mounted on the other end side plane of the main shaft 2 (7); a side pressure plate (10) is mounted on the left vertical plate (8); the part to be processed (1) is clamped between two end planes opposite to the side pressure plate (10) and the right vertical plate (9), and the processed d surface of the part to be processed (1) is in contact with the side pressure plate (10), and the c surface is in contact with the right vertical plate (9); a pair of positioning pins (11) are arranged on the right vertical plate (9); the positioning pins (11) are detachably inserted into two circular holes on the c surface of the part to be processed (1); S4, complete the processing of the remaining end faces, holes and inner cavities on the part to be processed; first perform milling on the e surface and the g inner cavity window on the part to be processed; then drive the second fixture to rotate 90° by rotating the dividing head to realize the processing of the f surface; S5. Remove the processed molded parts and clean them.

2. The method for processing a cast aluminum blank part for aviation according to claim 1, characterized in that: A pad (6) is also installed on the top of the base (1); the shape and specifications of the pad (6) are consistent with the shape and specifications of the groove at the bottom of the inner cavity of the part to be processed (1); and a circular hole is also opened on the pad (6) at a position directly facing the truncated cone structure on the groove at the bottom of the inner cavity of the part to be processed (1); the diameter of the circular hole is larger than the outer diameter of the truncated cone.

3. The method for processing a cast aluminum blank part for aviation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The movable bracket (4) is arranged opposite to the cylindrical cabin on the part to be processed (1); the movable bracket (4) is a columnar structure, and a through hole is opened in the axial direction of the movable bracket (4); a threaded hole is opened on the main shaft (2) at a position corresponding to the through hole; the movable bracket (4) is detachably mounted on the main shaft (2) by bolts; a cantilever support rod is also arranged on the top of the movable bracket (4); a top pressure plate (5) is arranged below the cantilever support rod; a guide threaded hole is opened on the cantilever support rod, and the top pressure plate (5) is pressed on the part to be processed (1) by bolts arranged at the guide threaded hole.

4. The method for processing a cast aluminum blank part for aviation according to claim 1, characterized in that: A guide groove is formed on the left vertical plate (8); a sliding block matched with the guide groove is provided on the back of the side pressure plate (10); a guide threaded hole is formed at the bottom of the guide groove, and the side pressure plate (10) is pressed onto the side end surface of the part to be processed (1) by means of a bolt provided at the guide threaded hole.

5. The method for processing a cast aluminum blank part for aviation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side pressure plate (10) is an L-plate structure, and its two end side surfaces at the angle position are respectively attached to the d surface and the f surface of the part to be processed (1); and the side pressure plate (10) does not interfere with the unprocessed circular hole on the f surface.

6. A method for processing cast aluminum blank parts for aviation according to claim 1, characterized in that: A C-shaped ring clamp (13) is also provided on the right vertical plate (9); two protruding ends of the C-shaped ring clamp (13) are respectively buckled at the L-shaped platform structure position where the c-surface of the part to be processed (1) is located; a threaded hole is opened in the middle of the C-shaped ring clamp (13), and a locking bolt (12) locks the C-shaped ring clamp (13) and the part to be processed (1) at the threaded hole.

7. A method for processing cast aluminum blank parts for aviation according to claim 6, characterized in that: The distance between the bottom surface of the C-shaped ring clamp (13) and the end surface of the second spindle (7) is consistent with the thickness of the lower side plate of the L plate at the position of the cylindrical cabin of the part to be processed (1); and when the part to be processed (1) is clamped between the side pressure plate (10) and the right vertical plate (9), its b surface is arranged in contact with the end surface of the second spindle (7).

8. The method for processing a cast aluminum blank part for aviation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The left vertical plate (8) and the right vertical plate (9) are both integrally connected to the second main shaft (7).

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