Artificial wetland system for sewage treatment

Abstract

The invention discloses an artificial wetland system for sewage treatment, and relates to the technical field of protective equipment, sewage is pretreated through a hydrolytic acidification adjusting tank and then flows into an artificial wetland from left to right, in the process, the sewage is filtered through a preliminary filter, then the sewage horizontally flows through a first packed bed and a second packed bed, multi-stage filtration is carried out, and the sewage treatment effect is improved. The method has the advantages that the sewage treatment effect is improved, after plants are planted on the planting soil, the sewage can be purified through the triple synergistic effect of physics, chemistry and biology in a natural ecological system, the planted plants can achieve the greening function on the environment, meanwhile, sufficient conditions are provided for growth and reproduction of wild animals and plants, and the environment is protected. According to the present invention, the growth and the breeding of wild animals and plants are promoted, the good environment required by the complex and rich microbial population can be maintained, the pollutants are further decomposed by using the algae, the fungi, the protozoa, the bacteria and other microorganisms, the removal effect on the pollution indexes is good, and the phenomena of odor and mosquito and fly breeding are less.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of sewage treatment in rural areas, and specifically relates to an artificial wetland system for sewage treatment. Background Art

[0002] Wastewater treatment refers to the process of removing pollutants from wastewater through physical, chemical and biological methods to make it meet certain discharge standards or reuse standards; Based on the small scale and scattered characteristics of domestic sewage in rural areas, and combined with the requirements for removing pollutants from inlet and outlet water, suitable small-scale domestic sewage treatment processes include integrated sewage treatment systems.

[0003] However, traditional integrated sewage treatment systems have high energy consumption, complex operation, high dependence on technical personnel, long construction periods, and high manufacturing and operating costs, which are not conducive to use in rural areas. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problem that the existing integrated sewage treatment system is not suitable for supporting small buildings, and propose a sewage treatment artificial wetland system.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides an artificial wetland system for sewage treatment, including an artificial wetland body, the inner side of the artificial wetland body is provided with an impermeable geomembrane, the interior of the artificial wetland body is provided with a packing bed 1 and a plurality of packing beds 2 from left to right, the front end of the artificial wetland body is connected to a hydrolysis and acidification regulating tank, the rear end of the artificial wetland body is provided with a drainage mechanism, and preliminary filter elements are provided at both ends of the interior of the artificial wetland body; the packing bed 1 and the plurality of packing beds 2 include planting soil, graded fillers and a protective layer on the membrane from top to bottom, and plants are planted on the planting soil.

[0006] Preferably, the graded filler of the packed bed 1 is 800 mm thick and 20 mm in diameter of gravel, and the graded filler of the packed bed 2 includes, from top to bottom, 300 mm thick and 3 mm in diameter of sand, 200 mm thick and 5 mm in diameter of sand, and 300 mm thick and 10 mm in diameter of gravel.

[0007] Preferably, the planting soil is 300 mm thick, the protective layer on the membrane is 50 mm thick fine sand, the anti-seepage geomembrane is a 1.2 mm thick HDPE membrane, and the preliminary filter element is gravel with a diameter of 50.

[0008] Preferably, an artificial grid one is provided at the front end of the top of the hydrolysis acidification regulating tank, and an artificial grid two is provided at the top of the hydrolysis acidification regulating tank at the rear end of the artificial grid one.

[0009] Preferably, the input end of the hydrolysis and acidification regulating tank is connected to a sewage pipe network, and a bypass pipe is provided on one side of the hydrolysis and acidification regulating tank.

[0010] Preferably, the drainage mechanism includes an outlet channel arranged at the rear end of the artificial wetland body, an L-shaped outlet pipe arranged between the artificial wetland body and the outlet channel, a drainage pipe arranged at the rear end of the outlet channel, and a detachable pipe plug arranged at the front end of the drainage pipe, and an inlet pipe is arranged between the top of the drainage pipe and the outlet channel.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention pre-treats sewage through a hydrolysis and acidification regulating tank, and then flows into an artificial wetland from left to right. In the process, the sewage is first filtered by a preliminary filter, and then the sewage flows horizontally through a packing bed 1 and a packing bed 2, and multi-stage filtration is performed to improve the sewage treatment effect. After planting plants on the planting soil, the sewage can be purified through the triple synergistic effects of physics, chemistry and biology in the natural ecosystem. The planted plants will play a greening function for the environment, and also provide sufficient conditions for the growth and reproduction of wild animals and plants, promote the growth and reproduction of wild animals and plants, maintain a good environment required by complex and rich microbial communities, and then use algae, fungi, protozoa, bacteria and other microorganisms to further decompose pollutants, and have a good removal effect on pollution indicators such as BOD, COD, SS, and heavy metals, and rarely have stench and mosquito and fly breeding. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] Other features, objects and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent by reading the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments made with reference to the following drawings. The drawings are only for the purpose of illustrating preferred embodiments and are not to be considered as limiting the present invention. Also, the same reference symbols are used throughout the drawings to represent the same parts.

[0013] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of a packed bed of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the local structure of the hydrolysis acidification regulating tank of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the local structure of the drainage mechanism of the present invention.

[0014] In the figure: 1. artificial wetland body; 101. filling bed 1; 1011. planting soil; 1012. graded filler; 1013. protective layer on membrane; 102. filling bed 2; 103. preliminary filter element; 104. anti-seepage geomembrane; 2. drainage mechanism; 201. L-shaped outlet pipe; 202. drainage pipe; 203. outlet channel; 204. inlet pipe; 205. removable pipe plug; 3. hydrolysis acidification regulating tank; 301. sewage pipe network; 302. artificial grid 1; 303. artificial grid 2; 304. overrunning pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific implementation method described herein is only an optimal embodiment of the present invention, which is only used to explain the present invention and does not limit the scope of protection of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0016] Example 1: Please refer to the attached Figure 1 - Attachment Figure 4 The present embodiment provides a sewage treatment artificial wetland system, including an artificial wetland body 1, an impermeable geomembrane 104 is arranged on the inner side of the artificial wetland body 1, a packing bed 1 101 and a plurality of packing beds 2 102 are arranged from left to right inside the artificial wetland body 1, a hydrolysis acidification regulating tank 3 is connected to the front end of the artificial wetland body 1, a drainage mechanism 2 is arranged at the rear end of the artificial wetland body 1, and preliminary filter elements 103 are arranged at both ends of the interior of the artificial wetland body 1; the packing bed 1 101 and the plurality of packing beds 2 102 include planting soil 1011, graded filler 1012 and a protective layer 1013 on the membrane from top to bottom, and plants are planted on the planting soil 1011.

[0017] This design application is applied to the domestic sewage treatment scene in rural areas. The sewage will first enter the hydrolysis and acidification regulating tank 3 for pretreatment, and then flow into the artificial wetland from left to right. In the process, the sewage will first be filtered by the preliminary filter element 103, and then the sewage will flow horizontally through the packing bed 101 and the packing bed 2 102, and then the sewage will be treated by the packing bed 101 and the packing bed 2 102. The packing bed 101 and the packing bed 2 102 are both an artificial matrix composed of graded filler 1012, planting soil 1011 and a protective layer 1013 on the membrane. After planting plants on the planting soil 1011, the triple synergistic effect of physics, chemistry and biology in the natural ecosystem can be used to achieve treatment. The purification of sewage and the planting of plants will play a role in greening the environment. At the same time, it also provides sufficient conditions for the growth and reproduction of wild animals and plants, promotes the growth and reproduction of wild animals and plants, and promotes the virtuous cycle of the ecological environment. The anti-seepage geomembrane 104 has good waterproof performance, which can avoid the water seepage in the artificial wetland body 1, thereby maintaining the good environment required by the complex and rich microbial community, and then using algae, fungi, protozoa, bacteria and other microorganisms to further decompose pollutants. It has a good removal effect on pollution indicators such as BOD, COD, SS, and heavy metals, and rarely has odor and mosquito breeding. Finally, the treated water is discharged into the river through the drainage mechanism 2.

[0018] Specifically, the graded filler 1012 of the packed bed 1 101 is 800 mm thick and 20 mm in diameter of gravel, and the graded filler 1012 of the packed bed 2 102 includes, from top to bottom, 300 mm thick and 3 mm in diameter of sand, 200 mm thick and 5 mm in diameter of sand, and 300 mm thick and 10 mm in diameter of gravel.

[0019] Specifically, the planting soil 1011 is 300 mm thick, the protective layer 1013 on the membrane is 50 mm thick fine sand, the anti-seepage geomembrane 104 is a 1.2 mm thick HDPE membrane, and the preliminary filter element 103 is gravel with a diameter of 50.

[0020] As can be seen from the above, the sewage will first flow through the preliminary filter element 103 to perform preliminary filtration using gravel with a diameter of 50, and then flow through the packed bed 1 101 and the packed bed 2 102 in turn to filter and block smaller impurities and material elements using gravel with a diameter of 20, and finally filter and block smaller impurities and material elements through 300mm thick sand with a diameter of 3, 200mm thick sand with a diameter of 5 and 300mm thick gravel with a diameter of 10. Multi-stage filtration treatment avoids blockage while improving the sewage treatment effect.

[0021] According to the "Code for Construction and Acceptance of Water Supply and Drainage Pipeline Engineering" (GB50268), graded crushed stone should be hard, durable, clean, and free of weeds, garbage and other impurities. The compressive strength of its parent rock should not be less than 30MPa to ensure that during the long-term operation of the sewage pipe, the filling material can withstand the pressure of the upper covering soil and traffic load without excessive deformation, and at the same time ensure that the filling material will not be easily broken when subjected to loads such as septic tanks and surrounding covering soil. In the field test, it was found that when the graded filling material of the filling bed 1 is 800mm thick and 20mm in diameter, it can not only meet the filling strength, but also has good drainage performance to avoid water accumulation around the filling bed 1 septic tank. Its permeability parameter should be no less than 1*10 -3 cm / s.

[0022] Porosity requirements for constructed wetlands: The porosity of fillers is generally required to be between 30% and 50%. Appropriate porosity can provide sufficient space for microbial growth, while ensuring that sewage has sufficient residence time in the constructed wetland to facilitate the adsorption, precipitation and biodegradation of pollutants. During the filling process, the filler needs to reach a certain degree of compaction to ensure the stability of the structure. Generally, the compaction degree should not be less than 90%.

[0023] Combining the above two points, the layered graded filling bed 2 is adopted here, including 300mm thick sand with a diameter of 3, 200mm thick sand with a diameter of 5 and 300mm thick gravel with a diameter of 10 from top to bottom, so as to meet the requirements.

[0024] Embodiment 2: This embodiment provides an artificial wetland system for sewage treatment, including an artificial wetland body 1, the inner side of the artificial wetland body 1 is provided with an impermeable geomembrane 104, the interior of the artificial wetland body 1 is provided with a packing bed 1 101 and a plurality of packing beds 2 102 from left to right, the front end of the artificial wetland body 1 is connected to a hydrolysis acidification regulating tank 3, the rear end of the artificial wetland body 1 is provided with a drainage mechanism 2, and both ends of the interior of the artificial wetland body 1 are provided with preliminary filter elements 103; the packing bed 1 101 and the plurality of packing beds 2 102 include planting soil 1011, graded filler 1012 and a protective layer 1013 on the membrane from top to bottom, and plants are planted on the planting soil 1011.

[0025] Specifically, the graded filler 1012 of the packed bed 1 101 is 800 mm thick and 20 mm in diameter of gravel, and the graded filler 1012 of the packed bed 2 102 includes, from top to bottom, 300 mm thick and 3 mm in diameter of sand, 200 mm thick and 5 mm in diameter of sand, and 300 mm thick and 10 mm in diameter of gravel.

[0026] Specifically, the planting soil 1011 is 300 mm thick, the protective layer 1013 on the membrane is 50 mm thick fine sand, the anti-seepage geomembrane 104 is a 1.2 mm thick HDPE membrane, and the preliminary filter element 103 is gravel with a diameter of 50.

[0027] Specifically, an artificial grid 1 302 is arranged at the front end of the top of the hydrolysis acidification regulating tank 3 , and an artificial grid 2 303 is arranged at the top of the hydrolysis acidification regulating tank 3 behind the artificial grid 1 302 .

[0028] Specifically, the input end of the hydrolysis and acidification regulating tank 3 is connected to the sewage pipe network 301 , and a bypass pipe 304 is provided on one side of the hydrolysis and acidification regulating tank 3 .

[0029] Specifically, the drainage mechanism 2 includes an outlet channel 203 arranged at the rear end of the artificial wetland body 1, an L-shaped outlet pipe 201 arranged between the artificial wetland body 1 and the outlet channel 203, a drainage pipe 202 arranged at the rear end of the outlet channel 203, and a detachable pipe plug 205 arranged at the front end of the drainage pipe 202. An inlet pipe 204 is arranged between the top of the drainage pipe 202 and the outlet channel 203.

[0030] As can be seen from the above, the sewage will be transported to the hydrolysis acidification regulating tank 3 through the sewage pipe network 301, and will flow through the artificial grid 1 302 and the artificial grid 2 303 in sequence during the transportation process. The grid bar spacing of the artificial grid 1 302 is 10 mm, and the grid bar spacing of the artificial grid 2 303 is 5 mm, so that solid impurities of different specifications can be filtered and processed separately, which improves the filtering effect and facilitates the subsequent classification and processing of impurities by personnel. The supernatant after being processed in the hydrolysis acidification regulating tank 3 will be directly discharged into the river through the transcending pipe 304; Since the outlet of the L-shaped outlet pipe 201 is located at a higher position, the treated sewage at the bottom of the artificial wetland body 1 can be gradually discharged into the outlet channel 203 while ensuring a certain amount of water in the artificial wetland body 1. The sewage will undergo a certain amount of sedimentation in the outlet channel 203, and the supernatant will flow into the drain pipe 202 through the inlet pipe 204, and then be discharged into the river through the drain pipe 202. A water level sensor is provided in the outlet channel 203. When it is detected that there is a large amount of water in the outlet channel 203, the detachable pipe plug 205 can be removed, so that the drain pipe 202 and the inlet pipe 204 can be used together for drainage.

[0031] The above specific implementations are preferred implementations of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the specific implementation scope of the present invention. The scope of the present invention includes but is not limited to the present specific implementations. All equivalent changes made in accordance with the shape, structure, and method of the present invention are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A sewage treatment artificial wetland system, characterized in that: It includes an artificial wetland body, the inner side of the artificial wetland body is provided with an impermeable geomembrane, the interior of the artificial wetland body is provided with a packing bed 1 and a plurality of packing beds 2 from left to right, the front end of the artificial wetland body is connected to a hydrolysis acidification regulating tank, the rear end of the artificial wetland body is provided with a drainage mechanism, and both ends of the interior of the artificial wetland body are provided with preliminary filtering elements; the packing bed 1 and the plurality of packing beds 2 include planting soil, graded fillers and a protective layer on the membrane from top to bottom, and plants are planted on the planting soil.

2. The artificial wetland system for sewage treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The graded filler of the packed bed 1 is crushed stone with a thickness of 800 mm and a diameter of 20 mm, and the graded filler of the packed bed 2 includes sand with a thickness of 300 mm and a diameter of 3 mm, sand with a thickness of 200 mm and a diameter of 5 mm, and crushed stone with a thickness of 300 mm and a diameter of 10 mm from top to bottom.

3. The artificial wetland system for sewage treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The planting soil is 300 mm thick, the protective layer on the membrane is 50 mm thick fine sand, the anti-seepage geomembrane is a 1.2 mm thick HDPE membrane, and the preliminary filter element is crushed stone with a diameter of 50.

4. The artificial wetland system for sewage treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that: An artificial grid one is arranged at the front end of the top of the hydrolysis acidification regulating tank, and an artificial grid two is arranged at the top of the hydrolysis acidification regulating tank at the rear end of the artificial grid one.

5. The artificial wetland system for sewage treatment according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The input end of the hydrolysis and acidification regulating tank is connected to a sewage pipe network, and a bypass pipe is arranged on one side of the hydrolysis and acidification regulating tank.

6. The artificial wetland system for sewage treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drainage mechanism includes an outlet channel arranged at the rear end of the artificial wetland body, an L-shaped outlet pipe arranged between the artificial wetland body and the outlet channel, a drainage pipe arranged at the rear end of the outlet channel, and a detachable pipe plug arranged at the front end of the drainage pipe. An inlet pipe is arranged between the top of the drainage pipe and the outlet channel.

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