A biomass-derived fertilizer synergist and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of a biomass-based fertilizer synergist, which includes: mixing nano-clay materials montmorillonite and diatomaceous earth, irradiating with electron beams, and obtaining a net-catching material A; adding nano-copper oxide to the net-catching material A to mix, and preparing a catalyst B; crushing straw and livestock and poultry manure, stirring and mixing evenly, adding the catalyst B, stirring continuously, and reacting by self-heating to prepare a highly active organic fertilizer; pyrolyzing straw to prepare biochar, and then adding ferrous sulfate, stirring evenly to prepare a ferrous sulfate / biochar composite material; compounding the highly active organic fertilizer with attapulgite and ferrous sulfate / biochar composite material in proportion, and then putting it into alginate gel, coating evenly, and naturally air-drying to obtain the fertilizer synergist. The method of the present application can realize the resource utilization of straw and livestock and poultry manure, and reduce the amount of fertilizer and improve the yield of crops and the performance of soil, and has great application value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of green agricultural technology, and specifically relates to a method for preparing a biomass-derived fertilizer synergist. Background Art

[0002] Straw, livestock and poultry manure, and organic fertilizer are rich biomass resources that can improve soil effective nutrients, increase crop yields, and improve soil quality. Using straw, livestock and poultry manure, and organic fertilizer as chemical enhancers can not only improve the efficiency of chemical fertilizer utilization and improve soil physical and chemical properties, but also reduce fertilizer non-point source pollution and promote sustainable agricultural development. Therefore, high-activity organic fertilizers prepared from biomass such as straw and livestock and poultry manure, combined with nanoclay materials as fertilizer enhancers, can replace some chemical fertilizers, becoming an effective way to improve the utilization rate of waste resources, save costs and increase efficiency in agriculture, fertilize cultivated land, and develop sustainable agriculture. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the above-mentioned defects existing in the prior art, the purpose of the present application is to provide a method for preparing a biomass-derived fertilizer synergist to solve the problems of high fertilizer usage and poor soil quality.

[0004] According to the above purpose, the first aspect of the present application provides a method for preparing a biomass-derived fertilizer synergist, the method comprising the following steps: Step 1: Mix the nano-clay material montmorillonite and diatomaceous earth, and irradiate them with electron beam to obtain net-catching material A; Step 2: Add nano copper oxide to the netting material A and mix to prepare catalyst B, wherein the reaction time is 1-2 hours and the reaction temperature is 60-100°C; Step 3: crush the straw and livestock and poultry manure, stir and mix them evenly, add the catalyst B, stir continuously, and react by self-heating to prepare a highly active organic fertilizer; Step 4: Pyrolyze the straw to prepare biochar, then add ferrous sulfate and stir evenly to prepare a ferrous sulfate / biochar composite material; Step 5: Compound the high-activity organic fertilizer with attapulgite and ferrous sulfate / biochar composite material in proportion, then put them into alginate gel, coat them evenly, and dry them naturally in the air to obtain the fertilizer synergist.

[0005] Preferably, in step 1, the weight ratio of the montmorillonite to the diatomaceous earth is 20-40:60-80, and the irradiation power of the electron beam is 50-200 W.

[0006] Preferably, in step 2, the weight ratio of the nano copper oxide to the net capturing material A is 30-40: 60-70, and the diameter of the nano copper oxide is 50-100 nm.

[0007] Preferably, in step 3, the straw has a mesh size of 20 to 100, the livestock and poultry manure is crushed into powder with a mesh size of 50 to 200, catalyst B is added for self-heating reaction for 1 to 2 hours, the temperature is increased to 60 to 90° C., and the stirring speed is 500 to 800 rpm.

[0008] Preferably, in step 4, the straw pyrolysis temperature is 600-900°C, the pyrolysis time is 4-6 hours; and the weight ratio of ferrous sulfate to biochar is 40-60:40-60.

[0009] Preferably, in step 5, the weight ratio of the high-activity organic fertilizer, attapulgite, and ferrous sulfate / biochar composite material is 50~60:10~20:20~30, the alginate concentration is 5%~10%, and the stirring speed is 400~600 rpm.

[0010] Preferably, in step 1, the montmorillonite is 150 mesh, and the diatomaceous earth is in colloidal form and is 100 mesh.

[0011] The second aspect of the present invention provides a fertilizer synergist, which is prepared according to the preparation method of the first aspect.

[0012] The preparation method of a biomass-derived fertilizer synergist disclosed in this application has the following technical effects: 1. The fertilizer synergist prepared in this application uses straw and livestock and poultry manure as raw materials, and is mainly composed of environmentally friendly materials such as nanoclay materials, organic fertilizers, and biochar. The application of this fertilizer synergist can reduce the amount of fertilizer by 20-40% without reducing production, thereby reducing costs and increasing efficiency.

[0013] 2. The fertilizer synergist prepared in the present application is rich in highly active nutrients such as fulvic acid, which can improve nitrogen utilization efficiency.

[0014] 3. The fertilizer enhancer prepared in this application can effectively increase the organic matter content in the soil, improve the physical and chemical properties of the soil, and has low cost, simple process, and broad application prospects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram comparing the content of hydrolyzable nitrogen in the soil.

[0016] Figure 2 This is a comparative diagram of the content of organic matter in the soil.

[0017] Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional fluorescence image of fulvic acid release from fertilizer enhancers.

[0018] Figure 4This is a comparison chart of the growth of lettuce. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present application more clearly understood, the present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and are not used to limit the present application.

[0020] It should be noted that the illustrations provided in this embodiment are only used to schematically illustrate the basic concept of the present invention.

[0021] The structures, proportions, sizes, etc. illustrated in the drawings in this specification are only used to match the contents disclosed in the specification so as to facilitate understanding and reading by persons familiar with this technology, and are not used to limit the conditions under which the present invention can be implemented. Any structural modification, change in proportion or adjustment of size should still fall within the scope of the technical contents disclosed in the present invention without affecting the effects and purposes that can be achieved by the present invention.

[0022] The preparation method disclosed in the embodiment of the present application uses straw and livestock and poultry manure as raw materials, and prepares a fulvic acid-type fertilizer synergist by adding nano oxides, iron-based nano materials and nano clay materials. The method can realize the resource utilization of straw and livestock and poultry manure, reduce the amount of fertilizer used, and improve the yield of crops and the performance of soil, and has great application value. Example 1

[0023] (1) 200 g of nano-clay material montmorillonite (150 mesh) and 800 g of diatomaceous earth (colloidal grade, 100 mesh) were mixed and irradiated with a 100 W electron beam to prepare net capture material A; (2) Add 300 g of nano copper oxide (diameter 50 nm) to 700 g of netting material A, stir and mix, and react at 60 °C for 2 hours to prepare catalyst B; (3) 3000 g of straw was crushed to 50 mesh, 7000 g of livestock and poultry manure was crushed to 50 mesh, mixed evenly, 150 g of catalyst B was added, stirred continuously, and reacted by self-heating for 1 hour at a temperature of 70°C and a stirring speed of 600 rpm to prepare a highly active organic fertilizer; (4) 400 g of straw was pyrolyzed at 600 °C for 6 h to prepare biochar, which was then compounded with 600 g of ferrous sulfate to obtain a ferrous sulfate / biochar composite material; (5) 2000 g of the highly active organic fertilizer prepared in (3) was loaded on 300 g of attapulgite (100 mesh), and then 500 g of ferrous sulfate / biochar was added to obtain a composite material. The composite material was coated with 5% alginate gel and dried naturally in air to obtain a fertilizer synergist. (6) The fertilizer enhancer obtained in (5) was used to replace 20% of conventional fertilizers and applied to the soil to grow lettuce at an application rate of 100 kg / mu. After 60 days, the nitrogen utilization rate in the soil increased by 20%, the soil organic matter content increased by 1.0%, and the lettuce yield increased by 20%. Example 2

[0024] (1) 300 g of nano-clay material montmorillonite (150 mesh) and 700 g of diatomaceous earth (colloidal grade, 100 mesh) were mixed and irradiated with a 150 W electron beam to prepare net capture material A; (2) Add 350 g of nano copper oxide (75 nm in diameter) to 650 g of netting material A, stir and mix, and react at 80 °C for 1.5 hours to prepare catalyst B; (3) 2000 g of straw was crushed to 80 mesh, 8000 g of livestock and poultry manure was crushed to 100 mesh, mixed evenly, 200 g of catalyst B was added, and the mixture was stirred continuously. The mixture was subjected to self-heating reaction for 1.5 hours at a temperature of 80°C and a stirring speed of 700 rpm to prepare a highly active organic fertilizer; (4) 500 g of straw was pyrolyzed at 700 °C for 5 h to prepare biochar, which was then compounded with 500 g of ferrous sulfate to obtain a ferrous sulfate / biochar composite material; (5) 3000 g of the highly active organic fertilizer prepared in (3) was loaded on 350 g of attapulgite (100 mesh), and then 450 g of ferrous sulfate / biochar was added to obtain a composite material. The composite material was coated with 6% alginate gel and dried naturally in air to obtain a fertilizer synergist. (6) The fertilizer enhancer obtained in (5) was used to replace 30% of conventional fertilizers and applied to the soil to grow lettuce at an application rate of 150 kg / mu. After 60 days, the nitrogen utilization rate in the soil increased by about 30%, the soil organic matter content increased by about 1.5%, and the lettuce yield increased by about 30%.

[0025] from Figures 1 to 4 It can be seen from the comparison chart that after the fertilizer synergist of the present application was used to replace part of the conventional amount of fertilizer, the nitrogen utilization rate, organic matter content and lettuce yield and quality in the soil were significantly improved. Figure 4 In the figure, the left side is conventional fertilizer, and the right side is a schematic diagram of vegetable growth after adding the fertilizer synergist in this embodiment after adding 30% of conventional fertilizer.

[0026] Among them, the calculation methods of nitrogen utilization rate, organic matter improvement rate and lettuce yield increase rate are as follows: Nitrogen utilization rate:

[0027] Organic matter improvement rate:

[0028] Lettuce yield increase rate: Example 3

[0029] (1) 400 g of nano-clay material montmorillonite (150 mesh) and 600 g of diatomaceous earth (colloidal grade, 100 mesh) were mixed and irradiated with a 200 W electron beam to prepare net capture material A; (2) Add 400 g of nano copper oxide (diameter 200 nm) to 600 g of netting material A, stir and mix, and react at 90 °C for 1 hour to prepare catalyst B; (3) 1000 g of straw was crushed to 100 mesh, 9000 g of livestock and poultry manure was crushed to 200 mesh, mixed evenly, 300 g of catalyst B was added, and the mixture was stirred continuously. The mixture was subjected to self-heating reaction for 1 hour at a temperature of 90°C and a stirring speed of 800 rpm to prepare a highly active organic fertilizer; (4) 600 g of straw was pyrolyzed at 800 °C for 4 h to prepare biochar, which was then compounded with 400 g of ferrous sulfate to obtain a ferrous sulfate / biochar composite material; (5) 4000 g of the highly active organic fertilizer prepared in (3) was loaded on 400 g of attapulgite (100 mesh), and then 500 g of ferrous sulfate / biochar was added to obtain a composite material, and the composite material was coated with 8% alginate gel and naturally dried in air to obtain a fertilizer synergist; (6) The fertilizer enhancer obtained in (5) was used to replace 40% of conventional fertilizers and applied to the soil to grow lettuce at an application rate of 200 kg / mu. After 60 days, the nitrogen utilization rate in the soil increased by 40%, the soil organic matter content increased by 2.0%, and the lettuce yield increased by 40%.

[0030] The technical features of the above embodiments may be combined arbitrarily. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0031] The above-mentioned embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present application, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be pointed out that, for a person of ordinary skill in the art, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of the present application shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a biomass-derived fertilizer synergist, characterized in that: The preparation method comprises the following steps: Step 1: Mix the nano-clay material montmorillonite and diatomaceous earth, and irradiate them with electron beam to obtain net-catching material A; Step 2: Add nano copper oxide to the netting material A and mix to prepare catalyst B, wherein the reaction time is 1-2 hours and the reaction temperature is 60-100°C; Step 3: crush the straw and livestock and poultry manure, stir and mix them evenly, add the catalyst B, stir continuously, and react by self-heating to prepare a highly active organic fertilizer; Step 4: pyrolyzing the straw to prepare biochar, then adding ferrous sulfate and stirring evenly to prepare a ferrous sulfate / biochar composite material; Step 5: Compound the high-activity organic fertilizer with attapulgite and ferrous sulfate / biochar composite material in proportion, then put them into alginate gel, coat them evenly, and dry them naturally in the air to obtain the fertilizer synergist.

2. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 1, the weight ratio of the montmorillonite to the diatomaceous earth is 20-40:60-80, and the irradiation power of the electron beam is 50-200W.

3. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 2, the weight ratio of the nano copper oxide to the net capturing material A is 30-40: 60-70, and the diameter of the nano copper oxide is 50-100 nm.

4. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step 3, the straw has a mesh size of 20 to 100, the livestock and poultry manure is crushed into powder with a mesh size of 50 to 200, and the catalyst B is added to react for 1 to 2 hours by self-heating, the temperature is increased to 60 to 90°C, and the stirring speed is 500 to 800 rpm.

5. The preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step 4, the straw pyrolysis temperature is 600-900°C, the pyrolysis time is 4-6 hours, and the weight ratio of ferrous sulfate to biochar is 40-60:40-60.

6. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 5, the weight ratio of the high-activity organic fertilizer, attapulgite, and ferrous sulfate / biochar composite material is 50-60:10-20:20-30, the concentration of alginate is 5%-10%, and the stirring speed is 400-600 rpm.

7. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 1, the montmorillonite is 150 mesh, and the diatomaceous earth is in colloidal form and 100 mesh.

8. A fertilizer synergist obtained according to the preparation method described in claims 1 to 7.

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