Reusable monitoring target fixing device, mounting method and construction method
By designing a reusable monitoring target fixture, the detachable connection between the limit cone pipe and the threaded steel bars is solved, and the problems of high altitude welding risks and high monitoring costs in tunnel construction are achieved, convenient installation and reuse are achieved, and construction time and cost are saved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411784521.0
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-06
- Publication Date
- 2025-04-01
AI Technical Summary
In existing tunnel construction, structural deformation monitoring has problems such as high-altitude welding risk, affecting construction progress, and the inability to reuse the monitoring target, resulting in an increase in monitoring costs.
A reusable monitoring target fixing device is designed, including a target mounting shell and a limit cone tube. The removable connection between the limit cone tube and the threaded steel bar is avoided high-altitude welding, and the fastening nut and the target mounting shell are achieved to facilitate installation and disassembly of the monitoring target.
It effectively avoids the danger of high-altitude welding, saves construction time and cost, and realizes the reuse of monitoring targets, reducing monitoring costs.
Smart Images
Figure CN119737161A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel construction monitoring, and in particular relates to a reusable monitoring target fixing device, an installation method and a construction method. Background Art
[0002] Safety monitoring of structural deformation during tunnel construction is an essential task in the tunnel construction process. By obtaining real-time monitoring data of structural deformation, timely safety warnings can be issued for tunnel structural deformation. There are some drawbacks in the current monitoring of tunnel structural deformation. The installation of monitoring targets is usually carried out after the installation of the steel arch frame, and then the welding of threaded steel bars and monitoring targets is carried out. When welding the monitoring targets at the arch top, workers need to work at high altitudes, which is dangerous. The power lines of the welding equipment will also hinder the construction and affect the construction progress. In addition, the current monitoring targets and threaded steel bars are usually welded together. After the monitoring task is completed, they cannot be disassembled and reused, and the monitoring cost increases accordingly.
[0003] Therefore, in order to solve the above problems, it is necessary to design a monitoring target fixing device, installation method and construction method that can avoid dangerous high-altitude welding operations, avoid affecting the construction progress and can be reused. Summary of the invention
[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a reusable monitoring target fixing device, an installation method and a construction method.
[0005] The first object of the present invention is to provide a reusable monitoring target fixing device, including a target mounting shell and a limiting cone tube, the top of the target mounting shell is provided with a cone opening, the bottom of the cone opening passes through the bottom surface of the target mounting shell, the bottom of the limiting cone tube is detachably connected to the cone opening, the limiting cone tube and the target mounting shell are both connected to threaded steel bars, and the target mounting shell is fixed by fastening nuts and threaded steel bars, and the monitoring target is set on the surface of the target mounting shell.
[0006] Preferably, a notch is provided on the limiting cone tube along the length direction of the limiting cone tube.
[0007] Preferably, the inner diameters of the limiting cone tube at various positions are equal, a first thread is provided on the inner wall of the limiting cone tube, and the limiting cone tube is connected to the external thread on the outer side of the threaded steel bar through the first thread.
[0008] Preferably, the tapered mouth includes a tapered hole and a mounting hole, both of which are opened inside the target mounting shell, the top of the tapered hole passes through the top of the target mounting shell, the top of the mounting hole is connected to the bottom of the tapered hole, and the bottom of the mounting hole passes through the bottom of the target mounting shell.
[0009] Preferably, the top inner diameter of the tapered hole is smaller than the top outer diameter of the limiting cone tube, and the bottom inner diameter of the tapered hole is equal to the bottom outer diameter of the limiting cone tube.
[0010] A second object of the present invention is to provide a method for installing the above-mentioned reusable monitoring target fixing device, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Align the notch of the limiting cone tube with the threaded steel bar, push the limiting cone tube, and embed the external thread into the groove of the first thread to achieve the connection between the limiting cone tube and the threaded steel bar; Step 2: Pass the target installation shell through the cone opening from the bottom of the threaded steel bar and put it on the threaded steel bar, and make the inner surface of the cone opening clamped with the outer surface of the limiting cone tube; Step 3: Put the fastening nut on the bottom of the threaded steel bar, turn the fastening nut to move it up along the threaded steel bar, squeeze the target installation shell, and complete the installation.
[0011] The third object of the present invention is to provide a method for monitoring deformation during tunnel construction, which is implemented by using the above-mentioned reusable monitoring target fixing device, and includes the following steps: S1. Before splicing the steel arch frame, make welding marks on the surface of the steel arch frame at the monitoring position; S2. Splice the steel arch frame and install it to the designated position, and weld the threaded steel bars at the welding marks; S3, put the protective device on the threaded steel bar, then spray concrete, and remove the protective device after the concrete spraying is completed; S4, fixing the monitoring target on the surface of the target installation shell, and installing the monitoring target fixing device on the threaded steel bar, and using the monitoring target to perform deformation monitoring; S5. After the monitoring task is completed, the monitoring target fixing device is removed and the monitoring target fixing device is applied to the next monitoring task.
[0012] Preferably, in step S3, the protective device includes a pin, a pin clamp, two arc-shaped protective sleeves, a plurality of pin slots, a plurality of limit plates and a plurality of limit slots, the two arc-shaped protective sleeves are rotatably connected by a rotating shaft, and the two protective sleeves constitute a cylindrical structure, the inner walls of the two arc-shaped protective sleeves are provided with a third thread matching the external thread on the threaded steel bar, a plurality of limit slots and a plurality of limit plates are symmetrically arranged on the side surfaces of the two arc-shaped protective sleeves away from the rotating end along the length direction of the arc-shaped protective sleeves, and a plurality of limit plates are plugged into the corresponding plurality of limit slots, the pin slot is arranged inside the uppermost limit slot, each limit plate is provided with a first pin hole, and a second pin hole connected to the plurality of limit slots is arranged at the bottom of the arc-shaped protective sleeve provided with the limit slot, the pin clamp is arranged at the top of the pin, the pin passes through the second pin hole, the limit slot and the first pin hole in sequence, and the two arc-shaped protective sleeves are fixed by the pin clamp, the pin slot and the uppermost first pin hole.
[0013] Preferably, step S3 comprises the following steps: S301, placing two arc-shaped protective sleeves on the outside of the threaded steel bar, and making the third threads of the two arc-shaped protective sleeves correspond to the external threads on the threaded steel bar, rotating the two arc-shaped protective sleeves together through the rotating shaft, and sleeved on the outside of the threaded steel bar, so that the limit plate is embedded in the corresponding limit groove; S302, inserting the plug through the second plug hole at the bottom of the arc-shaped protective sleeve, the plug head passes through the second plug hole, the limit groove, and the first plug hole in sequence to reach the uppermost limit groove and the inside of the first plug hole, rotating the plug so that the plug head falls into the plug groove, fixing the arc-shaped protective sleeve and the threaded steel bar, and then spraying concrete; S303. After the concrete spraying is completed, push and rotate the pin upward to make the pin clamp head leave the pin clamping slot, then pull out the pin, open and remove the two arc-shaped protective covers.
[0014] Preferably, in step S4, the monitoring target fixing device is installed on the threaded steel bar by the following method: S401, aligning the notch of the limiting cone tube with the threaded steel bar, pushing the limiting cone tube, so that the external thread is embedded in the groove of the first thread, and realizing the connection between the limiting cone tube and the threaded steel bar; S402, passing the target installation shell through the cone opening from the bottom of the threaded steel bar and sleeved on the threaded steel bar, and making the inner surface of the cone opening clamped with the outer surface of the limiting cone tube; S403, put the fastening nut on the bottom of the threaded steel bar, turn the fastening nut to move the fastening nut upward along the threaded steel bar, squeeze the target installation shell, and complete the installation.
[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) The reusable monitoring target fixing device provided by the present invention, through the combined design of the limiting cone tube, the target installation shell and the cone mouth, makes the monitoring target easy to disassemble and install, avoiding the dangerous high-altitude operation of the workers in the arch welding target, protecting the workers' work safety. At the same time, since the monitoring target fixing device and the threaded steel bar are designed to be detachable, it also avoids the supporting lines of the welding equipment from hindering the construction progress, saving construction time and cost; and because it is detachable, after the monitoring operation of this stage is completed, it can be reused for the monitoring operation of the next stage, which can save monitoring costs; (2) The method for monitoring deformation during tunnel construction provided by the present invention can, through the design of the protective device, cover the threaded steel bar with a detachable protective device before spraying concrete, so as to avoid affecting the installation of the subsequent monitoring target fixing device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0016] Figure 1A schematic diagram of the structure of a reusable monitoring target fixing device provided in Example 1 of the present invention; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the connection structure between the reusable monitoring target fixing device and the threaded steel bar provided in Example 1 of the present invention; Figure 3 A flow chart of a method for monitoring deformation during tunnel construction provided in Example 3 of the present invention; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the overall connection structure of the reusable monitoring target fixing device and the steel arch provided in Example 1 of the present invention; Figure 5 for Figure 4 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of the middle A part; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the protective device and the threaded steel bar in Example 3 of the present invention; Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the structure of the protection device in Example 3 of the present invention; Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the connection structure of the limit groove and the pin slot in Example 3 of the present invention; Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the pin clamping head and the pin clamping slot in Example 3 of the present invention; Fig.10 The figure is a flow chart of the installation of the protective device and the threaded steel bar in Embodiment 3 of the present invention; Fig.11 This is a flow chart of the installation of the monitoring target fixing device and the threaded steel bar in Example 3 of the present invention.
[0017] In the figure: threaded steel bar-1, external thread-11, monitoring target fixing device-2, limiting cone tube-21, first thread-211, notch-212, target mounting shell-22, cone mouth-221, cone hole-222, mounting hole-223, fastening nut-23, second thread-231, monitoring target-3, welding mark-4, steel arch-5, protective device-6, protective sleeve-61, third thread-611, pin-62, pin clamp-621, pin clamping slot-622, limiting plate-63, first pin hole-631, limiting slot-64, second pin hole-641, rotating shaft-65. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0018] The following is a description of the embodiments of the present invention. Figures 1 to 11, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Example 1
[0019] The embodiment of the present invention provides a reusable monitoring target fixing device, including a target mounting shell 22 and a limiting cone tube 21, the top of the target mounting shell 22 is provided with a cone opening 221, the bottom of the cone opening 221 penetrates the bottom surface of the target mounting shell 22, the bottom of the limiting cone tube 21 is detachably connected to the cone opening 221, the limiting cone tube 21 and the target mounting shell 22 are both connected to the threaded steel bar 1, and the target mounting shell 22 is fixed by a fastening nut 23 and the threaded steel bar 1, and the monitoring target 3 is arranged on the surface of the target mounting shell 22. The inner wall of the fastening nut 23 in the embodiment of the present invention is provided with a second thread 231, and the second thread 231 matches the external thread 11. The material of the limiting cone tube 21 is elastic steel. Through the setting of this material, when the notch 212 of the limiting cone tube 21 is aligned with the threaded steel bar 1 and the limiting cone tube 21 is pushed hard, the limiting cone tube 21 is squeezed, causing a large deformation of the limiting cone tube 21, and the width of the notch 212 is greatly increased, thereby allowing the threaded steel bar 1 to smoothly enter the interior of the limiting cone tube 21.
[0020] The limiting cone tube 21 is provided with a notch 212 along the length direction of the limiting cone tube 21. Through the design of the notch 212, the threaded steel bar 1 can enter the inside of the limiting cone tube 21 through the notch 212, so that the threaded steel bar 1 and the limiting cone tube 21 are fixed.
[0021] The inner diameters of the limiting cone 21 at all positions are equal and equal to the diameter of the threaded steel bar 1; the inner wall of the limiting cone 21 is provided with a first thread 211, and the limiting cone 21 is connected to the external thread 11 on the outer surface of the threaded steel bar 1 through the first thread 211. In the embodiment of the present invention, the intervals between the inner grooves of the first thread 211 are consistent with the intervals between the external threads 11 on the outer surface of the threaded steel bar 1, that is, after the threaded steel bar 1 enters the interior of the limiting cone 21 through the notch 212, the external thread of the threaded steel bar 1 and the first thread 211 of the limiting cone 21 will abut against each other, so that the limiting cone 21 will not move arbitrarily on the threaded steel bar 1. When designing the external thread 11 on the outer surface of the threaded steel bar 1 in the embodiment of the present invention, the external thread 11 of the upper half of the outer surface of the threaded steel bar 1 is set as a sparse segment thread, and the external thread 11 of the lower half is set as a dense segment thread. Through such a design, not only the upper half of the threaded steel bar 1 can be matched with the first thread 211 on the limiting cone 21, but also the lower half of the threaded steel bar 1 can be matched with the second thread 231 on the inner wall of the fastening nut 23, so as to achieve a firm fixation of the threaded steel bar 1 and the target mounting shell 22; the welding length of the threaded steel bar 1 in this embodiment should not be too large when designed to avoid exceeding the spray-mix limit, but sufficient reserved length should be ensured for monitoring the installation of the target fixing device 2.
[0022] The conical opening 221 includes a conical hole 222 and a mounting hole 223. Both the conical hole 222 and the mounting hole 223 are provided inside the target mounting shell 22. The top of the conical hole 222 passes through the top of the target mounting shell 22. The top of the mounting hole 223 is connected to the bottom of the conical hole 222. The bottom of the mounting hole 223 passes through the bottom of the target mounting shell 22. The conical hole 222 is used to set the limiting cone tube 21 and limit the limiting cone tube 21. The mounting hole 223 is used for the threaded steel bar 1 to pass through the mounting hole 223 to the outside of the target mounting shell 22, and then the threaded steel bar 1 and the target mounting shell 22 are fixed by the fastening nut 23 to limit the movement of the target mounting shell 22.
[0023] The top inner diameter of the conical hole 222 is smaller than the top outer diameter of the limiting cone tube 21, and the bottom inner diameter of the conical hole 222 is equal to the bottom outer diameter of the limiting cone tube 21. In this embodiment, the outer surface of the limiting cone tube 21 matches the inner surface of the conical hole 222, so that when the limiting cone tube 21 enters the conical hole 222, it can be in close contact with the inner surface of the conical hole 222 and initially limit the limiting cone tube 21. Example 2
[0024] The embodiment of the present invention provides a method for installing the reusable monitoring target fixing device described in Embodiment 1, comprising the following steps: Step 1, align the notch 212 of the limiting cone 21 with the threaded steel bar 1, push the limiting cone 21, make the threaded steel bar 1 enter the inside of the limiting cone 21, and make the external thread 11 embed into the groove of the first thread 211, so as to realize the connection and fixation between the limiting cone 21 and the threaded steel bar 1; Step 2, pass the target mounting shell 22 through the cone opening 221 from the bottom of the threaded steel bar 1 and put it on the threaded steel bar 1, and make the inner surface of the cone opening 221 clamped with the outer surface of the limiting cone tube 21; Step 3: Sleeve the fastening nut 23 on the bottom of the threaded steel bar 1, twist the fastening nut 23 to move the fastening nut 23 upward along the threaded steel bar 1, squeeze the target installation shell 22, and complete the installation. Example 3
[0025] The embodiment of the present invention provides a method for monitoring deformation during tunnel construction, which is implemented using the reusable monitoring target fixing device provided in Example 1, and includes the following steps: S1. Before splicing the steel arch frame 5, a welding mark 4 is made on the surface of the steel arch frame 5 at the monitoring position in advance; by marking the monitoring position in advance, the steel bar welding time is saved.
[0026] S2, splice the steel arch frame 5 and install it to the designated position, and weld the threaded steel bar 1 at the welding mark 4; S3, put the protective device 6 on the threaded steel bar 1, then spray concrete, and remove the protective device 6 after the concrete spraying is completed; since if the concrete is sprayed directly after the threaded steel bar 1 is welded, the welded threaded steel bar 1 will be covered, which will affect the installation of the subsequent monitoring target fixing device 2, so the protective device 6 needs to be installed before spraying concrete; In the embodiment of the present invention, the protective device 6 includes a plug pin 62, a plug pin clamping head 621, two arc-shaped protective sleeves 61, a plurality of plug pin clamping grooves 622, a plurality of limiting plates 63 and a plurality of limiting grooves 64. The two arc-shaped protective sleeves 61 are rotatably connected by a rotating shaft 65, and the two arc-shaped protective sleeves 61 form a cylindrical structure. The inner walls of the two arc-shaped protective sleeves 61 are provided with a third thread 611 matching the external thread 11 on the threaded steel bar 1. The design of matching the third thread 611 with the external thread 11 can ensure that after the arc-shaped protective sleeve 61 is sleeved on the threaded steel bar 1, the third thread 611 and the external thread 11 will be mutually clamped and limited, and thus no vertical displacement will occur, so as to prevent the protective sleeve 61 from slipping off; A plurality of limiting grooves 64 and a plurality of limiting plates 63 are symmetrically arranged at intervals along the length direction of the arc-shaped protective sleeve 61 on the side surfaces of the two arc-shaped protective sleeves 61 away from the rotating end. The plurality of limiting plates 63 are plugged into the corresponding plurality of limiting grooves 64. The plug-in card slot 622 is arranged inside the uppermost limiting groove 64, specifically, on the bottom inner wall of the limiting groove 64. The structure of the plug-in card slot 622 matches the structure of the plug-in card head 621, so that the plug-in card head 621 can be just plugged into the plug-in card slot 622 after rotation. Each limiting plate 63 is plugged into the corresponding plurality of limiting grooves 64. 3 are provided with a first latch hole 631, and the bottom of the arc-shaped protective sleeve 61 provided with a limiting groove 64 is provided with a second latch hole 641 connected with a plurality of limiting grooves 64. The second latch hole 641 in this embodiment does not penetrate the top of the arc-shaped protective sleeve 61 in the specific design. This is done on the one hand to avoid concrete flowing into the second latch hole 641 from the top during spraying of concrete, which is difficult to clean up later; on the other hand, after the threaded steel bar 1 is welded to the steel arch frame 5, there is insufficient space at the top, and the pin 62 cannot be inserted into the hole from the top.
[0027] The plug-in pin clamp 621 is arranged at the top of the plug-in pin 62, and the plug-in pin clamp 621 and the plug-in pin 62 pass through the second latch hole 641, the limiting groove 64, and the first latch hole 631 in sequence, and the two arc-shaped protective sleeves 61 are fixed by the plug-in pin clamp 621, the plug-in pin slot 622 and the top first latch hole 631. Specifically, the plug-in pin 62 is held in the hand, and the plug-in pin clamp 621 is inserted into the arc-shaped protective sleeve 61 through the second latch hole 641 opened at the bottom of the arc-shaped protective sleeve 61, and enters into the top limit groove 64 and the first latch hole 631 through multiple limit grooves 64 and the first latch hole 631. The pin 62 is then rotated so that the lower half of the pin clamp 621 falls into the pin clamping groove 622, and the upper half of the pin clamping head 621 conflicts with the inner wall of the top first pin hole 631. The pin clamping head 621 and the pin 62 are used to fix the limiting plate 63 and the corresponding limiting groove 64, ensuring that the two arc-shaped protective sleeves 61 cannot be relatively displaced in the horizontal direction. The pin clamping groove 622 is set in the top limiting groove 64, and the pin clamping head 621 will no longer be displaced after falling into it, ensuring that the pin 62 will not slip out of the first pin hole 631.
[0028] In the embodiment of the present invention, step S3 specifically includes the following steps: S301, placing two arc-shaped protective sleeves 61 on the outside of the threaded steel bar 1, and making the third threads 611 of the two arc-shaped protective sleeves 61 correspond to the external threads 11 on the threaded steel bar 1, rotating the two arc-shaped protective sleeves 61 together through the rotating shaft 65, and sleeved on the outside of the threaded steel bar 1, so that the limiting plate 63 is embedded in the corresponding limiting groove 64; S302, insert the plug 62 through the second plug hole 641 at the bottom of the arc-shaped protective sleeve 61, and the plug head 621 passes through the second plug hole 641, the limiting groove 64, and the first plug hole 631 in sequence to reach the uppermost limiting groove 64 and the inside of the first plug hole 631, rotate the plug 62, and make the plug head 621 fall into the plug groove 622, so as to fix the arc-shaped protective sleeve 61 and the threaded steel bar 1, and then spray concrete; S303, after the concrete spraying is completed, push the pin 62 upward and rotate it to make the pin clamping head 621 leave the pin clamping slot 622, then pull out the pin 62, open and remove the two arc-shaped protective sleeves 61.
[0029] S4, fix the monitoring target 3 on the surface of the target mounting shell 22, and install the monitoring target fixing device 2 on the threaded steel bar 1, and use the monitoring target 3 to monitor deformation; the monitoring target 3 in the embodiment of the present invention is made of reflective material, which is convenient for deformation monitoring in a dim tunnel environment; S5. After the monitoring task is completed, the monitoring target fixing device 2 is dismantled, and the monitoring target fixing device 2 is applied to the next monitoring task.
[0030] In step S4 of the embodiment of the present invention, the monitoring target fixing device 2 is installed on the threaded steel bar 1 by the following method: S401, aligning the notch 212 of the limiting cone 21 with the threaded steel bar 1, pushing the limiting cone 21, so that the external thread 11 (i.e., the male thread) is embedded in the groove of the first thread 211, thereby achieving connection between the limiting cone 21 and the threaded steel bar 1; S402, passing the target mounting shell 22 through the conical opening 221 from the bottom of the threaded steel bar 1 and sleeved on the threaded steel bar 1, and making the inner surface of the conical opening 221 engage with the outer surface of the limiting conical tube 21; S403, sleeve the fastening nut 23 on the bottom of the threaded steel bar 1, twist the fastening nut 23 to move the fastening nut 23 upward along the threaded steel bar 1, squeeze the target installation shell 22 to fix its position, and complete the installation.
[0031] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. A reusable monitoring target fixing device, characterized in that: The target mounting shell (22) comprises a target mounting shell (22) and a limiting cone tube (21); a cone opening (221) is provided at the top of the target mounting shell (22); the bottom of the cone opening (221) penetrates the bottom surface of the target mounting shell (22); the bottom of the limiting cone tube (21) is detachably connected to the cone opening (221); the limiting cone tube (21) and the target mounting shell (22) are both connected to a threaded steel bar (1); the target mounting shell (22) is fixed by a fastening nut (23) and the threaded steel bar (1); and a monitoring target (3) is arranged on the surface of the target mounting shell (22).
2. The reusable monitoring target fixing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The limiting cone tube (21) is provided with a notch (212) along the length direction of the limiting cone tube (21).
3. The reusable monitoring target fixing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner diameters of the limiting cone tube (21) at all positions are equal, a first thread (211) is provided on the inner wall of the limiting cone tube (21), and the limiting cone tube (21) is connected to the external thread (11) on the outer surface of the threaded steel bar (1) via the first thread (211).
4. The reusable monitoring target fixing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tapered opening (221) comprises a tapered hole (222) and a mounting hole (223); the tapered hole (222) and the mounting hole (223) are both opened inside the target mounting shell (22); the top of the tapered hole (222) passes through the top of the target mounting shell (22); the top of the mounting hole (223) is connected to the bottom of the tapered hole (222); and the bottom of the mounting hole (223) passes through the bottom of the target mounting shell (22).
5. The reusable monitoring target fixing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The top inner diameter of the conical hole (222) is smaller than the top outer diameter of the limiting conical tube (21), and the bottom inner diameter of the conical hole (222) is equal to the bottom outer diameter of the limiting conical tube (21).
6. The method for installing a reusable monitoring target fixing device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: align the notch (212) of the limiting cone tube (21) with the threaded steel bar (1), push the limiting cone tube, and make the external thread (11) embed into the groove of the first thread (211), so as to realize the connection between the limiting cone tube (21) and the threaded steel bar (1); Step 2: Pass the target mounting shell (22) through the conical opening (221) from the bottom of the threaded steel bar (1) and put it on the threaded steel bar (1), and make the inner surface of the conical opening (221) engage with the outer surface of the limiting conical tube (21); Step 3: Sleeve the fastening nut (23) on the bottom of the threaded steel bar (1), and twist the fastening nut (23) to move the fastening nut (23) upward along the threaded steel bar (1), thereby squeezing the target installation shell (22) to complete the installation.
7. A method for monitoring deformation during tunnel construction, characterized in that: The method is implemented by using the reusable monitoring target fixing device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising the following steps: S1. Before splicing the steel arch frame (5), a welding mark (4) is made on the surface of the steel arch frame (5) at the monitoring position; S2, splice the steel arch frame (5) and install it to the designated position, and weld the threaded steel bar (1) at the welding mark (4); S3, putting the protective device (6) on the threaded steel bar (1), then spraying concrete, and after the concrete spraying is completed, removing the protective device (6); S4, fixing the monitoring target (3) on the surface of the target mounting shell (22), and installing the monitoring target fixing device (2) on the threaded steel bar (1), and using the monitoring target (3) to perform deformation monitoring; S5. After the monitoring task is completed, the monitoring target fixing device (2) is removed, and the monitoring target fixing device (2) is used for the next monitoring task.
8. The method for monitoring deformation during tunnel construction as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: In step S3, the protective device (6) comprises a plug pin (62), a plug pin clamp (621), two arc-shaped protective sleeves (61), a plurality of plug pin clamping grooves (622), a plurality of limit plates (63) and a plurality of limit grooves (64); the two arc-shaped protective sleeves (61) are rotatably connected via a rotating shaft (65), and the two arc-shaped protective sleeves (61) form a cylindrical structure; and the inner walls of the two arc-shaped protective sleeves (61) are provided with a third thread (611) matching the external thread (11) on the threaded steel bar (1); A plurality of limit slots (64) and a plurality of limit plates (63) are symmetrically arranged at intervals along the length direction of the arc-shaped protective sleeve (61) on the side surfaces of the two arc-shaped protective sleeves (61) away from the rotating end. The plurality of limit plates (63) are plugged into the corresponding plurality of limit slots (64). The pin slot (622) is arranged inside the uppermost limit slot (64). Each limit plate (63) is provided with a first pin hole (631). The arc-shaped limit slots (64) are provided with a plurality of limit plates (63). A second latch hole (641) connected to a plurality of limiting grooves (64) is provided at the bottom of the protective sleeve (61); a latch clamp (621) is arranged at the top of the latch (62); the latch (62) passes through the second latch hole (641), the limiting groove (64), and the first latch hole (631) in sequence, and the two arc-shaped protective sleeves (61) are fixed by the latch clamp (621), the latch clamping groove (622) and the top first latch hole (631).
9. The method for monitoring deformation during tunnel construction as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: Step S3 includes the following steps: S301, placing two arc-shaped protective sleeves (61) on the outside of the threaded steel bar (1), and making the third threads (611) of the two arc-shaped protective sleeves (61) correspond to the external threads (11) on the threaded steel bar (1), rotating the two arc-shaped protective sleeves (61) together through the rotating shaft (65), and sleeved on the outside of the threaded steel bar (1), so that the limiting plate (63) is embedded in the corresponding limiting groove (64); S302, inserting the plug (62) through the second plug hole (641) at the bottom of the arc-shaped protective sleeve (61), the plug clamp (621) sequentially passing through the second plug hole (641), the limiting groove (64), and the first plug hole (631) to reach the uppermost limiting groove (64) and the interior of the first plug hole (631), rotating the plug (62) so that the plug clamp (621) falls into the plug clamp groove (622), fixing the arc-shaped protective sleeve (61) and the threaded steel bar (1), and then spraying concrete; S303, after the concrete spraying is completed, the plug pin (62) is pushed upward and rotated to make the plug pin clamping head (621) leave the plug pin clamping slot (622), and then the plug pin (62) is pulled out, and the two arc-shaped protective sleeves (61) are opened and removed.
10. The method for monitoring deformation during tunnel construction as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: In step S4, the monitoring target fixing device (2) is installed on the threaded steel bar (1) by the following method: S401, aligning the notch (212) of the limiting cone tube (21) with the threaded steel bar (1), pushing the limiting cone tube so that the external thread (11) is embedded in the groove of the first thread (211), thereby achieving connection between the limiting cone tube (21) and the threaded steel bar (1); S402, passing the target mounting shell (22) through the conical opening (221) from the bottom of the threaded steel bar (1) and sleeved onto the threaded steel bar (1), and making the inner surface of the conical opening (221) engage with the outer surface of the limiting conical tube (21); S403, sleeve the fastening nut (23) on the bottom of the threaded steel bar (1), and twist the fastening nut (23) to move the fastening nut (23) upward along the threaded steel bar (1), thereby squeezing the target installation shell (22) to complete the installation.