A tunnel drilling and blasting excavation construction method and explosive roll fixing tool

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of tunnel drilling and blasting, and specifically, to a tunnel drilling and blasting excavation construction method and a tooling for fixing explosive rolls. The method includes, S1, measurement and laying out; S2, blasting; S3, blasthole arrangement on the face; S4, explosive roll structural arrangement. The tooling includes a tooling body, and the tooling body includes a mounting plate and a fixing ring; a limiting hole is provided at the mounting plate; the fixing ring includes two plug-in parts and a connecting part, and the plug-in part and the connecting part together constitute a clamping interval for clamping the explosive roll. It is convenient for construction personnel to quickly install the explosive roll on the mounting plate, and at the same time, it is convenient for construction personnel to adjust the spacing between the explosive rolls on the mounting plate, so that the explosion efficiency of the explosive roll in the blasthole is higher.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel drilling and blasting, and in particular to a tunnel drilling and blasting excavation construction method and explosive roll fixing tooling. Background Art

[0002] At present, the construction method of drilling and blasting tunnels mainly includes drilling, charging, blasting, ventilation, prying, slag removal, support and lining. Among them, drilling operations are mostly carried out with hand drills, air-legged drills or drilling vehicles; charging and blasting are carried out according to geological conditions and design requirements; ventilation operations are aimed at removing harmful gases produced by blasting; prying and slag removal are to clean and transport the slag after blasting; support and lining are to stabilize the tunnel structure after excavation; During the blasting process, on the one hand, the geological conditions and changes of the tunnel surrounding rock are taken into consideration to ensure that the surrounding rock can remain stable; on the other hand, the hardness of the rock mass is taken into consideration to ensure both the excavation speed and the disturbance to the surrounding rock. Therefore, it is currently difficult to control the amount of explosives, the location of explosive rolls, and the location of explosive holes. A large amount of explosives may easily disturb the surrounding rock around the tunnel, while a small amount may not achieve the blasting effect. Summary of the invention

[0003] The invention provides a tunnel drilling and blasting excavation construction method and explosive roll fixing tooling, which can overcome certain or some defects of the prior art.

[0004] A tunnel drilling and blasting excavation construction method according to the present invention comprises the following steps: S1. Measurement and laying out Conduct survey and layout work at the entrance and exit of the tunnel, and measure and lay out the excavation contour and blasting hole locations; S2. Blasting The construction workers install the explosive roll on the explosive roll fixing tool, and then insert the explosive roll fixing tool into the blasting hole. The explosive roll fixing tool includes a mounting plate arranged along the depth direction of the blasting hole, and a fixing ring used to fix the explosive roll on the mounting plate; then the explosive roll is detonated to complete the blasting, and after the blasting is completed, the gravel and soil residue are cleaned to form a tunnel face; S3. Blasthole arrangement on the tunnel face The blast holes include slot holes, auxiliary holes and peripheral holes. The slot holes are arranged in the center or lower part of the tunnel face, with a point on the tunnel axis as the center and 1 / 4 of the tunnel face height or width as the radius. The peripheral holes are arranged along the tunnel excavation contour line, and the external interpolation slope of the peripheral holes is 3%-5%. The auxiliary holes are arranged in the range between the slot holes and the peripheral holes. S4. Explosive coil structure layout When arranging the explosive rolls in the peripheral holes, they are installed on the mounting plate at intervals along the length direction of the mounting plate through fixing rings; the explosive rolls in the grooved holes and the auxiliary holes are fixed on the mounting plate along the length direction of the mounting plate through fixing rings, and adjacent explosive rolls are in end-to-end contact; then the step S2 is repeated to complete the blasting.

[0005] Through the present invention, the construction workers arrange the slot holes in the center or lower part of the tunnel face, which is convenient for grasping the direction when drilling, ensuring the accurate position and direction of the slot holes, and creating good conditions for subsequent blasting operations; and the slot holes are detonated first to throw out the central rock, thereby increasing the free surface for the surrounding rock and achieving the best blasting effect; The external interpolation slope of the peripheral holes is 3%-5%, which can make the cracks and fragmentation directions generated by blasting develop along the predetermined contour line, ensuring that the rock surface after blasting is flat and smooth; by controlling the external interpolation slope, the blasting range can be accurately controlled to avoid excessive fragmentation or failure to achieve the predetermined fragmentation effect, thereby reducing over-excavation and under-excavation; The auxiliary eyes work together with the slot eyes and peripheral eyes to achieve the smooth excavation of the tunnel. The slot eyes are detonated first to increase the free surface for the surrounding rock; the auxiliary eyes are detonated subsequently to further expand the slot cavity; the peripheral eyes are detonated last to ensure that the cross-section and shape of the tunnel meet the requirements.

[0006] The explosive rolls in the peripheral holes are arranged at intervals on the mounting plate. The function of the peripheral holes is to control the profile of the tunnel section. The charge amount is required to be minimal. This charging method helps to reduce the disturbance of blasting to the surrounding rock, control the profile of the tunnel section, and ensure the quality of the tunnel section and the stability and integrity of the surrounding rock. The explosive rolls in the grooved eye and the auxiliary eye are arranged closely on the mounting plate. This charging method helps to blast a groove cavity first in the grooved eye, thereby adding new free surfaces for the blasting of other holes and improving the blasting effect. For the auxiliary eye, it helps to expand the groove cavity blasted by the grooved eye and create favorable conditions for the blasting of the surrounding holes.

[0007] Preferably, in step S4, during the arrangement of the explosive roll, it is necessary to determine the blasting uncoupling coefficient D and the ratio of the blasthole diameter dk to the explosive roll diameter di; Where: dk—blasthole diameter, di—explosive diameter; a—residual volume coefficient of explosion gas molecules; P—initial pressure of explosion gas; —Uniaxial compressive strength of rock; r—adiabatic index; By calculating the uncoupling coefficient D through the present invention, construction personnel can reasonably calculate the blasthole diameter and the explosive diameter, thereby maximizing the explosive power of the explosive to improve the blasting effect.

[0008] Preferably, in step S4, during the arrangement of the explosive roll, the unit explosive consumption q is ; Where: q ——unit explosive consumption; f —— rock strength coefficient; S —— tunnel excavation section; ko – correction factor taking into account the explosive force of explosives.

[0009] Through the present invention, the unit explosive consumption refers to the amount of explosives required to blast a unit volume of rock. Through accurate calculation, the use of explosives can be optimized to achieve better blasting effects; reasonable unit explosive consumption means that the use of explosives can be reduced without reducing the blasting effect, thereby reducing the blasting cost.

[0010] Preferably, in step S4, the charge amount of the blasthole is determined. Q=qv Where: Q—total amount of explosives used in one blasting cycle; q—consumption of explosives for blasting 1m3 of rock; V is the total volume of rock blasted in one cycle; V=L·S Where: L—planned cycle footage; S—excavation area.

[0011] Through the present invention, a reasonable charge amount can ensure full utilization of explosive energy, improve blasting efficiency, and reduce unnecessary waste; accurate charge amount calculation helps to reduce safety hazards during blasting and ensure the safety of construction personnel.

[0012] Preferably, in step S3, after the blasthole is drilled by the drilling rig, the blasthole needs to be cleaned by using high-pressure air to clean the drilling debris from the bottom of the hole to the hole mouth.

[0013] The present invention can remove broken rock blocks and dust in the blasthole, ensure that the explosive can fully contact the rock, improve the utilization rate of the explosive energy, and thus improve the blasting effect.

[0014] Preferably, after the blasting of explosives is completed, the tunnel needs to be ventilated by a fan.

[0015] Through the present invention, the tunnel is ventilated by a fan after blasting, so that a large amount of blasting smoke in the tunnel can be diluted and discharged with a large air volume in a short time, thereby reducing the pollution of the air in the tunnel; ventilation and air flow can increase the dilution rate and promote diffusion, thereby limiting the scope of the dangerous area and avoiding the continued existence of an explosive environment.

[0016] Preferably, after ventilation, blasting personnel will check and handle unexploded explosive rolls on the working surface.

[0017] Through the present invention, when inspectors discover a blind shot, the blasting leader should set a warning range before handling the blind shot, and set up a warning at the boundary of the area. When handling the blind shot, irrelevant personnel are not allowed to enter the warning area; first find out the cause. If the blind shot is caused by damage to the detonating cord outside the hole, cut off the damaged part and reconnect the detonating cord; but at this time, the joint should be as close to the blast hole as possible; When a blind shot occurs during electric detonation, the power supply should be cut off immediately and the blind shot circuit should be short-circuited in time. The explosive charge in the blast hole and the powder pot should not be pulled out or taken out. Tools made of wood, bamboo or other materials that do not produce sparks can be used to gently take out the stuffing in the blast hole and use the explosive charge to induce the explosion; After the blind shell is dealt with, the blast pile should be carefully checked and the remaining explosive materials should be collected and destroyed; preventive measures should be taken before it can be confirmed that there are no remaining explosive materials in the blast pile.

[0018] After the blasting is completed, 2 loaders are used to load the slag at each entrance, 6 dump trucks are used to unload the slag at the tunnel entrance, and 3 dump trucks are used to unload the slag at the tunnel exit.

[0019] The present invention provides an explosive roll fixing tool, comprising a tool body, the tool body comprising a mounting plate, and a plurality of fixing rings spaced apart along the length direction of the mounting plate; the mounting plate is provided with two rows of limiting holes spaced apart along the length direction of the mounting plate; the fixing ring comprises two plug-in parts extending into the limiting holes, and a connecting part for connecting the two plug-in parts, the plug-in part and the connecting part together forming a clamping interval for clamping the explosive roll.

[0020] According to the present invention, when installing the explosive roll, the construction personnel first bend the two plug-in parts to deform the connecting part, thereby expanding the clamping interval on the fixing ring, and then pass the explosive roll through the clamping interval on the fixing ring, fix the explosive roll in the clamping interval by the deformation of the connecting part, and then insert the connecting part into the limiting hole on the mounting plate, and fix the plug-in part against the side wall of the limiting hole by the force generated by the deformation of the connecting part; thereby, it is convenient for the construction personnel to quickly install the explosive roll on the mounting plate; at the same time, the construction personnel can insert the plug-in part on the fixing ring into the limiting holes at different positions according to the construction needs, thereby facilitating the construction personnel to adjust the distance between the explosive rolls on the mounting plate, so that the explosion efficiency of the explosive roll in the blast hole is higher.

[0021] Preferably, the cross-sectional area of ​​the plug-in portion is smaller than the diameter of the limiting hole; and the mounting plate and the fixing ring are both made of plastic.

[0022] The present invention makes it convenient for construction workers to insert the plug-in part into the limiting hole; the plastic material is light, which is convenient for construction workers to carry; and the plastic material is easy to deform, which makes it convenient for construction workers to pry open the fixing ring.

[0023] Preferably, the plug-in portion is provided with two baffles arranged along the width direction of the plug-in portion, and the two baffles and the plug-in portion together form a limiting groove for the edge of the limiting hole to extend into.

[0024] According to the present invention, when construction workers insert the plug-in part into the limiting hole, they first squeeze the two plug-in parts, then pass the plug-in part through the limiting hole, and then loosen the plug-in part. Under the push of the deformation of the connecting part, the limiting groove on the plug-in part is stuck on the edge of the limiting hole, thereby fixing the fixing ring on the mounting plate to prevent the fixing ring from detaching from the mounting plate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the tooling body in Example 1.

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the mounting plate in Example 1.

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the fixing ring in Example 1. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] In order to further understand the content of the present invention, the present invention is described in detail in conjunction with the embodiments. It should be understood that the embodiments are only for explaining the present invention and are not intended to limit it.

[0029] Example 1 This embodiment provides a tunnel drilling and blasting excavation construction method, including the following steps: S1. Measurement and laying out Conduct survey and layout work at the entrance and exit of the tunnel, and measure and lay out the excavation contour and blasting hole locations; S2. Blasting The construction personnel install the explosive roll on the explosive roll fixing tool, and then insert the explosive roll fixing tool into the blasting hole. The explosive roll fixing tool includes a mounting plate 110 arranged along the depth direction of the blasting hole, and a fixing ring 130 used to fix the explosive roll on the mounting plate 110; then the explosive roll is detonated to complete the blasting, and after the blasting is completed, the gravel and soil residue are cleaned to form a tunnel face; S3. Blasthole arrangement on the tunnel face The blast holes include slot holes, auxiliary holes and peripheral holes. The slot holes are arranged in the center or lower part of the tunnel face, with a point on the tunnel axis as the center and 1 / 4 of the tunnel face height or width as the radius. The peripheral holes are arranged along the tunnel excavation contour line, and the external interpolation slope of the peripheral holes is 3%-5%. The auxiliary holes are arranged in the range between the slot holes and the peripheral holes. S4. Explosive coil structure layout When arranging the explosive rolls in the peripheral holes, the explosive rolls are installed on the mounting plate 110 at intervals along the length direction of the mounting plate 110 through the fixing ring 130; the explosive rolls in the grooved holes and the auxiliary holes are fixed on the mounting plate 110 along the length direction of the mounting plate 110 through the fixing ring 130, and the adjacent explosive rolls are in end-to-end contact; then the step S2 is repeated to complete the blasting.

[0030] Through this embodiment, the construction personnel arrange the slot holes in the center or lower part of the tunnel face, which is convenient for grasping the direction when drilling, ensuring the accurate position and direction of the slot holes, and creating good conditions for subsequent blasting operations; and the slot holes are detonated first to throw out the central rock, thereby increasing the free surface for the surrounding rock and achieving the best blasting effect; The external interpolation slope of the peripheral holes is 3%-5%, which can make the cracks and fragmentation directions generated by blasting develop along the predetermined contour line, ensuring that the rock surface after blasting is flat and smooth; by controlling the external interpolation slope, the blasting range can be accurately controlled to avoid excessive fragmentation or failure to achieve the predetermined fragmentation effect, thereby reducing over-excavation and under-excavation; The auxiliary eyes work together with the slot eyes and peripheral eyes to achieve the smooth excavation of the tunnel. The slot eyes are detonated first to increase the free surface for the surrounding rock; the auxiliary eyes are detonated subsequently to further expand the slot cavity; the peripheral eyes are detonated last to ensure that the cross-section and shape of the tunnel meet the requirements.

[0031] The explosive rolls in the peripheral holes are arranged at intervals on the mounting plate 110. The function of the peripheral holes is to control the profile of the tunnel section. The charge amount is required to be minimal. This charging method helps to reduce the disturbance of blasting to the surrounding rock, control the profile of the tunnel section, and ensure the quality of the tunnel section and the stability and integrity of the surrounding rock. The explosive rolls in the grooved eye and the auxiliary eye are arranged closely on the mounting plate 110. This charging method helps to blast a groove cavity first for the grooved eye, thereby adding new free surfaces for the blasting of other blast holes and improving the blasting effect; for the auxiliary eye, it helps to expand the groove cavity blasted by the grooved eye and create favorable conditions for the blasting of the surrounding eyes.

[0032] In this embodiment, in step S4, during the arrangement of the explosive roll, it is necessary to determine the blasting uncoupling coefficient D and the ratio of the blasthole diameter dk to the explosive roll diameter di; ; Where: dk—blasthole diameter, di—explosive diameter; a—residual volume coefficient of explosion gas molecules; P—initial pressure of explosion gas; —Uniaxial compressive strength of rock; r—adiabatic index; By calculating the decoupling coefficient D through this embodiment, construction personnel can reasonably calculate the blasthole diameter and the explosive diameter, thereby maximizing the explosive power of the explosive to improve the blasting effect.

[0033] In this embodiment, in step S4, during the arrangement of the explosive roll, the unit explosive consumption q is ; Where: q ——unit explosive consumption; f —— rock strength coefficient; S —— tunnel excavation section; ko – correction factor taking into account the explosive force of explosives.

[0034] Through this embodiment, the unit explosive consumption refers to the amount of explosives required to blast a unit volume of rock. Through precise calculation, the use of explosives can be optimized to achieve better blasting effects; reasonable unit explosive consumption means that the use of explosives can be reduced without reducing the blasting effect, thereby reducing the blasting cost.

[0035] In this embodiment, in step S4, the charge amount of the blasthole is determined. Q=qv Where: Q—total amount of explosives used in one blasting cycle; q—consumption of explosives for blasting 1m3 of rock; V is the total volume of rock blasted in one cycle; V=L·S Where: L—planned cycle footage; S—excavation area.

[0036] Through this embodiment, a reasonable charge amount can ensure full utilization of explosive energy, improve blasting efficiency, and reduce unnecessary waste; accurate charge amount calculation helps reduce safety hazards during blasting and ensure the safety of construction workers.

[0037] In this embodiment, in step S3, after the blasthole is drilled by the drilling rig, the blasthole needs to be cleaned by using high-pressure air to clean the drilling debris from the bottom of the hole to the hole mouth.

[0038] Through this embodiment, broken rock pieces and dust in the blasthole are removed, ensuring that the explosives can fully contact the rocks, improving the utilization rate of the explosive energy, and thus improving the blasting effect.

[0039] In this embodiment, after the blasting of explosives is completed, it is necessary to ventilate the tunnel through a fan.

[0040] Through this embodiment, the tunnel is ventilated by a fan after blasting, so that a large amount of blasting smoke in the tunnel can be diluted and discharged with a large air volume in a short time, reducing the pollution of the air in the tunnel; ventilation and air flow can increase the dilution rate and promote diffusion, thereby limiting the scope of the dangerous area and avoiding the continued existence of an explosive environment.

[0041] Through this embodiment, after ventilation, the blasting personnel check and handle the unexploded explosive rolls on the working surface.

[0042] Through this embodiment, when inspectors find a blind shot, the blasting leader should set a warning range before handling the blind shot, and set up a warning at the boundary of the area. When handling the blind shot, irrelevant personnel are not allowed to enter the warning area; first find out the cause. If the blind shot is caused by damage to the detonating cord outside the hole, cut off the damaged part and reconnect the detonating cord; but at this time, the joint should be as close to the blast hole as possible; When a blind shot occurs during electric detonation, the power supply should be cut off immediately and the blind shot circuit should be short-circuited in time. The explosive charge in the blast hole and the powder pot should not be pulled out or taken out. Tools made of wood, bamboo or other materials that do not produce sparks can be used to gently take out the stuffing in the blast hole and use the explosive charge to induce the explosion; After the blind shell is dealt with, the blast pile should be carefully checked and the remaining explosive materials should be collected and destroyed; preventive measures should be taken before it can be confirmed that there are no remaining explosive materials in the blast pile.

[0043] After the blasting is completed, 2 loaders are used to load the slag at each entrance, 6 dump trucks are used to unload the slag at the tunnel entrance, and 3 dump trucks are used to unload the slag at the tunnel exit.

[0044] The present embodiment provides a tool for fixing an explosive roll, comprising a tool body 100, wherein the tool body 100 comprises a mounting plate 110, and a plurality of fixing rings 130 spaced apart along the length direction of the mounting plate 110; the mounting plate 110 is provided with two rows of limiting holes 120 spaced apart along the length direction of the mounting plate 110; the fixing ring 130 comprises two plug-in portions 340 extending into the limiting holes 120, and a connecting portion 320 for connecting the two plug-in portions 340, wherein the plug-in portion 340 and the connecting portion 320 together constitute a clamping section 310 for clamping the explosive roll.

[0045] Through this embodiment, when installing the explosive roll, the construction personnel first bend the two plug-in parts 340 to deform the connecting part 320, thereby expanding the clamping interval 310 on the fixing ring 130, and then pass the explosive roll through the clamping interval 310 on the fixing ring 130, and fix the explosive roll in the clamping interval 310 through the deformation of the connecting part 320, and then insert the connecting part 320 into the limiting hole 120 on the mounting plate 110, and fix the plug-in part 340 against the side wall of the limiting hole 120 through the force generated by the deformation of the connecting part 320; thereby facilitating the construction personnel to quickly install the explosive roll on the mounting plate 110; at the same time, the construction personnel can insert the plug-in part 340 on the fixing ring 130 into the limiting holes 120 at different positions according to the construction needs, thereby facilitating the construction personnel to adjust the spacing between the explosive rolls on the mounting plate 110, so that the explosion efficiency of the explosive roll in the blast hole is higher.

[0046] In this embodiment, the cross-sectional area of ​​the plug-in portion 340 is smaller than the diameter of the limiting hole 120 ; the mounting plate 110 and the fixing ring 130 are both made of plastic.

[0047] Through this embodiment, it is convenient for construction workers to insert the plug-in part 340 into the limiting hole 120; the plastic material is light, which is convenient for construction workers to carry, and the plastic material is easy to deform, which is convenient for construction workers to pry open the fixing ring 130.

[0048] In this embodiment, two baffles 330 are provided at the plug-in portion 340 and are arranged along the width direction of the plug-in portion 340 . The two baffles 330 and the plug-in portion 340 together form a limiting groove 350 for the edge of the limiting hole 120 to extend into.

[0049] Through this embodiment, when the construction personnel insert the plug-in part 340 into the limiting hole 120, they first squeeze the two plug-in parts 340, then pass the plug-in part 340 through the limiting hole 120, and then loosen the plug-in part 340. Under the push of the deformation of the connecting part 320, the limiting groove 350 on the plug-in part 340 is stuck on the edge of the limiting hole 120, thereby fixing the fixing ring 130 on the mounting plate 110 to prevent the fixing ring 130 from detaching from the mounting plate 110.

[0050] It is easy to understand that those skilled in the art can combine, split, reorganize, etc. the embodiments of the present application to obtain other embodiments based on one or several embodiments provided in the present application, and these embodiments do not exceed the protection scope of the present application.

[0051] The present invention and its implementation methods are described schematically above, and the description is not restrictive. The embodiments shown in the embodiments are only part of the implementation methods of the present invention, and the actual structure is not limited thereto. Therefore, if a person skilled in the art is inspired by the embodiments and designs a structure and an implementation method similar to the technical solution without creativity without departing from the purpose of the invention, they should all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tunnel drilling and blasting excavation construction method, comprising the following steps: S1. Measurement and layout Conduct survey and layout work at the entrance and exit of the tunnel, and measure and lay out the excavation contour and blasting hole locations; S2. Blasting Construction workers install the explosive roll on the explosive roll fixing tool, and then insert the explosive roll fixing tool into the blasting hole, the explosive roll fixing tool comprising a mounting plate (110) arranged along the depth direction of the blasting hole, and a fixing ring (130) used to fix the explosive roll on the mounting plate (110); then the explosive roll is detonated to complete the blasting, and after the blasting is completed, the gravel and soil residue are cleaned to form a tunnel face; S3. Blasthole arrangement on the tunnel face The blast holes include slot holes, auxiliary holes and peripheral holes. The slot holes are arranged in the center or lower part of the tunnel face, with a point on the tunnel axis as the center and 1 / 4 of the tunnel face height or width as the radius. The peripheral holes are arranged along the tunnel excavation contour line, and the external interpolation slope of the peripheral holes is 3%-5%. The auxiliary holes are arranged in the range between the slot holes and the peripheral holes. S4. Explosive coil structure layout When the explosive rolls in the peripheral holes are arranged, the explosive rolls are installed on the mounting plate (110) at intervals along the length direction of the mounting plate (110) by means of the fixing ring (130); the explosive rolls in the groove holes and the auxiliary holes are fixed on the mounting plate (110) along the length direction of the mounting plate (110) by means of the fixing ring (130), and adjacent explosive rolls are in end-to-end contact; and then the step S2 is repeated to complete the blasting.

2. A tunnel drilling and blasting construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, during the arrangement of the explosive roll, it is necessary to determine the blasting uncoupling coefficient D and the ratio of the blasthole diameter dk to the explosive roll diameter di; ； Where: dk—blasthole diameter, di—explosive diameter; a—residual volume coefficient of explosion gas molecules; P—initial pressure of explosion gas; —Uniaxial compressive strength of rock; r—adiabatic index.

3. A tunnel drilling and blasting construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, during the arrangement of the explosive roll, the unit explosive consumption q is ； Where: q ——unit explosive consumption; f —— rock strength coefficient; S —— tunnel excavation section; ko – correction factor taking into account the explosive force of explosives.

4. A tunnel drilling and blasting construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, the charge amount of the blasthole is determined. Q=qv Where: Q—total amount of explosives used in one blasting cycle; q—consumption of explosives for blasting 1m3 of rock; V is the total volume of rock blasted in one cycle; V=L·S Where: L—planned cycle footage; S—excavation area.

5. A tunnel drilling and blasting construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, after the blasthole is drilled by the drilling rig, the blasthole needs to be cleaned by using high-pressure air to clean the drilling debris from the bottom of the hole to the hole mouth.

6. A tunnel drilling and blasting construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: After the blasting of explosives is completed, the tunnel needs to be ventilated by fans.

7. A tunnel drilling and blasting construction method according to claim 6, characterized in that: After ventilation, the blasting personnel checked and handled the unexploded explosive rolls on the work surface.

8. An explosive roll fixing tool, characterized in that: The tooling body (100) includes a mounting plate (110) and a plurality of fixing rings (130) arranged at intervals along the length direction of the mounting plate (110); the mounting plate (110) is provided with two rows of limiting holes (120) arranged at intervals along the length direction of the mounting plate (110); the fixing ring (130) includes two plug-in parts (340) extending into the limiting holes (120), and a connecting part (320) for connecting the two plug-in parts (340); the plug-in parts (340) and the connecting part (320) together constitute a clamping section (310) for clamping an explosive roll.

9. The explosive roll fixing tool according to claim 8, characterized in that: The cross-sectional area of ​​the plug-in portion (340) is smaller than the diameter of the limiting hole (120); and the mounting plate (110) and the fixing ring (130) are both made of plastic.

10. The explosive roll fixing tool according to claim 8, characterized in that: The plug-in portion (340) is provided with two baffles (330) arranged along the width direction of the plug-in portion (340), and the two baffles (330) and the plug-in portion (340) together form a limiting groove (350) for the edge of the limiting hole (120) to extend into.

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