Gas multi-physical-quantity measurement method and system capable of breaking through range limit

Abstract

The invention relates to a gas multi-physical-quantity measurement method and system capable of breaking through a range limit, and the method comprises the steps: generating a special-shaped periodic driving voltage signal through a signal generator, controlling the periodic special-shaped change of the output light wavelength of a laser light source, creating a plurality of artificial peaks outside an absorption peak, and forming an absorption peak group; the absorbance of each wavelength of the absorption peak group is simulated and calculated by setting different temperatures, pressures and concentrations, a simulation data set is formed, then a measurement data set of the absorbance is obtained through actual measurement, the mean square error of the two data sets is solved, and the temperature, the pressure and the concentration of the simulation data set with the minimum error are measured values. Multiple absorption peak value data can be provided for measuring multiple physical quantities only through one absorption line, and compared with double-line method measurement in the prior art, the measurement workload and the system cost are greatly reduced, and the measuring range is further widened.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of laser absorption spectrum gas measurement, and in particular to a gas multi-physical quantity measurement method and system that breaks through the range limit. Background Art

[0002] Laser absorption spectroscopy is a method of qualitative or quantitative analysis of components to be measured by measuring the absorption spectrum of transmitted light irradiated on the components to be measured. It plays an important role in atmospheric environmental monitoring, biomedical applications, energy combustion diagnosis, food and pharmaceutical industries, etc.

[0003] When designing laser gas sensors using absorption spectroscopy technology, the concentration of the component to be measured is generally inverted by the absorbance peak corresponding to the maximum absorption wavelength. The ratio obtained by comparing the integrated absorbance or peak absorbance of the two absorption lines of the component to be measured at two wavelengths is independently related to the temperature, thereby achieving temperature measurement, also known as dual-line temperature measurement. Pressure measurement is achieved by analyzing the pressure broadening and absorbance changes of the absorption line type of the test component.

[0004] The dual-line method for measuring temperature requires absorbance measurement at two wavelengths, which places higher demands on the setting of the detection system and increases the detection workload.

[0005] In addition, the measurement methods of the above three physical quantities all rely on the absorbance peak of the component to be measured being within the design range of the sensor, that is, it does not reach absorption saturation, so the range is limited and the range is small. In addition, the range and sensitivity of the laser gas sensor are contradictory. In order to obtain higher detection sensitivity, the range is often reduced. This contradiction further limits the range of the measurement system. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings or deficiencies of the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a measurement method and system with a large measuring range that can simultaneously measure multiple physical quantities such as the concentration, temperature and pressure of the components to be measured.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention has the following structure:

[0008] A method for measuring multiple physical quantities of gas that breaks through the range limit is carried out in sequence according to the following steps: S1 determines the wavelengths of multiple artificial absorption peaks according to the maximum absorption wavelength of the component to be measured; S2 designs a signal generator with a special periodic driving voltage signal function f(t) to control the periodic special change of the output light of the laser light source at the absorption peak and the artificial peak wavelength; S3 simulates and calculates the absorbance of each absorption peak under different temperatures, pressures and concentration values ​​to form a simulated absorbance group; S4 sets up a test system, uses a data acquisition unit to collect the output light of the laser light source and the transmission light signal of the output light through the component to be measured, calculates the absorbance of the component to be measured, and finds and obtains the absorption peak in the absorbance change curve over time; S5 selects effective absorption peaks from all absorption peaks, and the absorbance of the effective absorption peaks constitutes a measured absorbance group; S6 compares each group value of the simulated absorbance group of S3 with the measured absorbance group of S5, and the temperature, pressure and concentration corresponding to the group of simulated absorbance values ​​closest to the measured value are the measured temperature, pressure and concentration values ​​of the component to be measured.

[0009] Specifically, in step S2, the signal generator generates a special-shaped periodic driving voltage signal f(t) and sends it to the laser controller. The laser controller generates a corresponding special-shaped periodic driving current signal, so that the output light wavelength of the laser light source changes periodically and irregularly, and the output light wavelength is positively correlated with the special-shaped periodic driving voltage signal.

[0010] Specifically, step S4 includes:

[0011] The test system set in S4.1 includes a signal generator, a laser controller, and a laser light source. The laser light source outputs light to illuminate the sample chamber, and a data acquisition unit collects a transmission light signal passing through the sample chamber;

[0012] S4.2 The sample chamber has two states: no gas and full of gas of the component to be measured. The data acquisition unit collects the signals of the transmitted light in the two cases and draws two curves of light intensity changing with time;

[0013] S4.3 Calculate the absorbance and draw a curve of absorbance change over time;

[0014] S4.4 Find the absorption peak in the S4.3 curve.

[0015] Further, in step S5, the absorption peak between the absorbance corresponding to the absorption saturation and the minimum absorbance detectable by the system is a valid absorption peak, and the number of valid absorption peaks in one cycle is greater than or equal to 3. If not satisfied, repeat S1 to S4.

[0016] Specifically, in S6, a method for solving the mean square error between the simulated absorbance group and the measured absorbance group is used to determine a group of simulated absorbance groups that are closest to the measured values.

[0017] Specifically, the formula for calculating absorbance by S3 simulation is: A(ν)=S(T)φ(ν)PCL.

[0018] The gas multi-physical quantity measurement system of the present invention, which breaks through the range limit, includes a signal generator, a laser controller, a laser light source, a sample chamber, a photoelectric detector, and a data acquisition and processing system. The signal generator generates a special-shaped periodic driving voltage signal and sends it to the laser controller. The laser controller generates a corresponding special-shaped periodic driving current signal, so that the wavelength of the output light of the laser light source changes periodically and in a special shape. The wavelength of the absorption peak and the artificial absorption peak of the output light of the laser light source is determined according to the maximum absorption wavelength of the component to be measured. The photoelectric detector receives the light signal of the laser scanning the sample chamber and transmits it to the data acquisition and processing system. The data acquisition and processing system includes a data acquisition unit, a data processing unit, and a data output unit. The transmitted light signal passing through the sample chamber is converted into an electrical signal by the photoelectric detector and transmitted to the data acquisition unit to measure the light intensity, and the measured data is transmitted to the data processing unit; the data processing unit calculates the absorbance change curve of the component to be measured over time according to the light intensity, finds the effective absorption peak in the curve, and forms the absorbance values ​​of the effective absorption peak into a measurement absorbance group. The data processing unit also simulates and calculates the absorbance of each absorption peak at different temperatures, pressures, and concentration values ​​to form a simulated absorbance group, and calculates a group of simulated absorbances that are closest to the measured data to obtain the temperature, pressure, and concentration values ​​of the component to be measured; the data output unit displays the data and curve of the measurement process and the final measurement value.

[0019] The wavelength of the light output by the laser light source is positively correlated with the irregular periodic driving voltage signal generated by the signal generator.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are:

[0021] The gas multi-physical quantity measurement method and system of the present invention break through the range limit, utilize the periodic non-monotonic special-shaped scanning driving mode of the signal generator to control the output light wavelength of the laser light source to undergo periodic non-monotonic special-shaped changes, and create multiple artificial absorption peaks on the original absorbance curve of the component to be measured. Therefore, only one absorption line can provide multiple absorption peak value data for measuring multiple physical quantities without the need for multiple absorption lines. Compared with the dual-line measurement method of the prior art, the measurement workload and system cost are greatly reduced.

[0022] Secondly, the peaks with large absorbance values ​​such as A0 and A1 do not meet the A min n max When the conditions are favorable, the measurement can be continued through the artificial absorption peak with a small absorbance value to widen the measuring range. The position of the artificial absorption peak can be changed by resetting the voltage-shaped periodic driving voltage signal f(t) of the signal generator to create an artificial peak with a smaller absorbance, thereby further widening the measuring range.​​

[0023] Therefore, the measuring method and measuring system of the present invention have a simpler measuring method and a wider application range, and can be applied to the measurement of multiple physical quantities with a wider range and more components. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 : Flow chart of the measurement method of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 : A comparison diagram of the wavelength curve of the laser emitted by the light source in the measurement method of the present invention and the prior art curve;

[0026] Figure 3 : A comparison diagram of the transmitted light intensity curve measured in the measurement method of the present invention and the prior art curve;

[0027] Figure 4 : A comparison diagram of the transmitted light absorbance curve measured in the measurement method of the present invention and the prior art curve;

[0028] Figure 5 : Schematic diagram of the structure of the measurement system of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The concept, specific structure and technical effects of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings to fully understand the purpose, characteristics and effects of the present invention.

[0030] It should be noted that in the description of the present invention, the terms "up", "down", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside", etc. to indicate directions or positional relationships are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only simplified descriptions for the convenience of describing the present invention, and do not mean that the elements indicated must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and should not be understood as limitations on the present invention.

[0031] The gas multi-physical quantity measurement method and system of the present invention that breaks through the range limit, uses a signal generator to generate a special-shaped periodic driving voltage signal, controls the periodic special-shaped change of the output light wavelength of the laser light source, creates multiple artificial peaks outside the absorption peak, and forms an absorption peak group. Different temperatures, pressures, and concentrations are set to simulate and calculate the absorbance of each wavelength of the absorption peak group to form a simulation data group, and then obtains the measurement data group of the absorbance through actual measurement. The mean square error of the two is calculated, and the temperature, pressure, and concentration of the simulation data group with the smallest error are the measured values. Therefore, the present invention can provide multiple absorption peak peak data for measuring multiple physical quantities with only one absorption line, and when the peak with a large absorbance value does not meet the absorbance saturation condition, it can continue to measure through the artificial absorption peak with a small absorbance value, and further widen the range.

[0032] The gas multi-physical quantity measurement method of the present invention breaks through the range limit, such as Figure 1 As shown in the flow chart, proceed in the following steps:

[0033] S1 determines the wavelengths of multiple artificial absorption peaks according to the maximum absorption wavelength of the component to be measured.

[0034] At the maximum absorption wavelength, the material's absorption intensity of light is the largest. The maximum absorption wavelength is determined based on the standard spectrum of the component to be tested. n-1 artificial absorption peaks that meet the test requirements are set on both sides of the maximum absorption wavelength. Together with the absorption peak at the maximum absorption wavelength, there are a total of n absorption peaks.

[0035] S2 designs a signal generator with a special periodic driving voltage signal function f(t) to control the periodic and special changes of the output light of the laser light source at the absorption peak and the artificial peak wavelength.

[0036] refer to Figure 2 b. Periodic profile change refers to the periodic fluctuation of the wavelength and time curve of the light output from the light source at the absorption peak wavelength selected by S1, rather than Figure 2 a The wavelength increases or decreases monotonically like the prior art.

[0037] Specifically, the signal generator generates a profiled periodic driving voltage signal f(t) and sends it to the laser controller, which generates a corresponding profiled periodic driving current signal to control the periodic and profiled change of the output light wavelength of the laser light source. The output light wavelength is positively correlated with the profiled periodic driving voltage signal.

[0038] S3 simulates and calculates the absorbance of each absorption peak under different temperatures, pressures, and concentration values ​​to form a simulated absorbance group.

[0039] For example: the wavelengths of the absorption peak and the artificial absorption peak are λ0, λ1, λ2…λ from small to large. n , the corresponding wave numbers are υ0, υ1, υ2…υ n , set the temperature T1, pressure P1, and concentration C1, and calculate the simulated absorbance A(υ0), A(υ1), A(υ2)…A(υ n ), a set of simulated absorbance values ​​is obtained, and different temperature, pressure and concentration values ​​are set to obtain multiple sets of absorbance values, forming a simulated absorbance group.

[0040] A(v)=S(T)φ(v)PCL (1)

[0041] Where T is temperature [K]; S(T) [cm -2 / atm] is the absorption line intensity related to temperature T; φ(ν)[cm] is the normalized absorption line function highly related to temperature and pressure; υ is the wave number of the incident light [cm -1 ]; P is pressure [atm]; C is gas concentration; L [cm] is absorption path length. All the above spectral parameters are obtained from HITRAN database or pre-calibrated measurements.

[0042] S4 sets up the test system, uses the data acquisition unit to collect the output light of the laser light source and the transmission light signal of the output light through the component to be measured, calculates the absorbance of the component to be measured, and finds the absorption peak in the absorbance change curve over time.

[0043] The S4.1 test system includes a signal generator, a laser controller, and a laser light source. The laser light source outputs light to illuminate the sample chamber, and the data acquisition unit collects the transmitted light signal passing through the sample chamber.

[0044] The signal generator generates a shaped periodic driving voltage signal f(t) and sends it to the laser controller. The laser controller generates a corresponding shaped periodic driving current signal to make the output light wavelength of the laser light source change periodically and shaped. The sample chamber is used to hold the component gas to be measured, and the data acquisition unit collects the transmitted light signal and performs calculations.

[0045] The absorption path length of the sample chamber is the same as L in the formula (1) of S3.

[0046] S4.2 The sample chamber has two states: no gas and full of gas of the component to be measured. The data acquisition unit collects the signals of the transmitted light in the two cases respectively and draws two curves of light intensity change over time.

[0047] The wavelength of the output light of the laser light source changes periodically and irregularly. The photodetector receives the transmitted light signal of the laser scanning the sample chamber, converts the light signal into a voltage signal and transmits it to the data acquisition unit. When the laser beam does not scan the component to be measured, the data acquisition unit collects the transmitted light signal and outputs the transmitted light intensity I0 (hereinafter referred to as the reference light intensity) without the information of the component to be measured; when passing through the component to be measured, the data acquisition unit collects the light signal and outputs the transmitted light intensity I t , draw two curves of light intensity variation with time ( Figure 3 b), with Figure 3 a The curve without artificial peaks has obviously more fluctuations than the light intensity curve.

[0048] S4.3 Calculate the absorbance and draw a curve of absorbance change over time.

[0049] Using the two sets of light intensity values ​​measured by S4.2, the absorbance A changing with time t is calculated according to formula (2), and a curve of absorbance A changing with time t is drawn ( Figure 4b).

[0050]

[0051] S4.4 Find the absorption peak in the S4.3 curve.

[0052] Figure 4 b curve and Figure 4 Compared with the curve without artificial peaks, there are obviously more peaks. The absorbance curve is periodic, and the data of multiple cycles in the curve are valid data. Taking one cycle as an example, each group of absorption peaks is n absorption peaks in one cycle, including a combination of an original absorption peak and n-1 artificial peaks, and the highest peak is the original absorption peak.

[0053] S5 screens out effective absorption peaks from all absorption peaks, and the absorbance of the effective absorption peak constitutes a measured absorbance group.

[0054] As a screening method, the absorption peak between the absorbance corresponding to the absorption saturation and the minimum absorbance detectable by the system is the effective absorption peak. The number of effective absorption peaks in one cycle must be greater than or equal to 3. If it is not satisfied, repeat S1 to S4.

[0055] In the absorbance curve obtained by S4, taking one cycle as an example, the absorbances of all n absorption peaks are A0, A1, A2…A n (The absorbance is sorted from large to small). In the computer, A0, A1, A2, ... A are judged in order from large to small. n Does it meet A? min i max , i ranges from 1 to n, where A max is the absorbance corresponding to absorption saturation, which can be taken as 3.3, A min is the minimum absorbance that the system can detect. If it is satisfied, it is a valid absorption peak; if it is not satisfied, the next absorbance is judged, and so on, until all n peaks are judged and k available absorption peaks are obtained, k must be greater than or equal to 3. If it is satisfied, the operation of selecting a valid absorption peak for the next cycle is continued; if it is not satisfied, start from redesigning the signal generator's special-shaped periodic driving voltage signal function f(t), and repeat S1 to S4.

[0056] The effective absorption peak k≥3 (k≤n) of each cycle ensures that the values ​​of the three physical quantities of temperature, pressure and concentration can be demodulated.

[0057] After selecting the effective absorption peaks from all the measurement data, the absorbance data of all the effective absorption peaks are combined into a measurement absorbance group, so the measurement absorbance group is a group of absorbance data, including the absorbance values ​​of k effective absorption peaks of multiple cycles. ​​

[0058] S6 compares each set of values ​​of the simulated absorbance group of S3 with the measured absorbance group of S5, and the temperature, pressure, and concentration corresponding to the set of simulated absorbance values ​​closest to the measured values ​​are the measured temperature, pressure, and concentration values ​​of the component to be measured.

[0059] A method for solving the mean square error between the simulated absorbance group and the measured absorbance group can be used to determine a group of simulated absorbance groups that are closest to the measured value. Specifically, according to formula (3), the mean square error between each group of absorbance values ​​in the simulated absorbance group and the measured absorbance group is calculated in sequence. For example, if there are m groups of simulated absorbance values, m MSEs are obtained, and the temperature, pressure, and concentration values ​​corresponding to the group of simulated absorbance values ​​corresponding to the minimum MSE are the measured temperature, pressure, and concentration values ​​of the component to be measured.

[0060]

[0061] The above measurement method is described below with reference to a specific example.

[0062] The measured component in this example is CO, and the maximum absorption wavelength is 4854.6nm. Two artificial absorption peaks greater than this wavelength can be created. The signal generator voltage function is designed so that the output light of the laser light source has three absorption peaks that change periodically. According to formula (1), the absorbances A(υ0), A(υ1), and A(υ2) corresponding to the three absorption peak wavelengths (wavenumbers) under 900,000 groups of different conditions (temperature T = 1000-2000K, pressure P = 0.5-5atm, gas concentration C = 0-20000ppm, optical path L = 20cm) are simulated and calculated to form a simulated absorbance group. The test system detects the light intensity change curve with time in the presence or absence of the component to be measured (such as Figure 3 b), calculate the absorbance according to formula (2), the absorbance curve is as follows Figure 4 As shown in b, from Figure 4 b It can be seen that the absorbances of the three absorption peaks A0, A1, and A2 are 1.216, 0.806, and 0.522 respectively. The corresponding absorbance when CO absorption is saturated is A max , take 3.3, A min The minimum absorbance that the system can detect is 0.001. A0, A1, and A2 are all within A. min With A max All three are effective absorption peaks, so A0, A1, and A2 form the measured absorbance group. According to formula (3), the mean square error MSE between the measured absorbance group A0, A1, and A2 and the 900,000 simulated absorbance groups A(υ0), A(υ1), and A(υ2) is calculated cyclically, and the minimum mean square error MSE is 0. The temperature T = 1600K, pressure P = 1atm, and gas concentration C = 10000ppm of the simulated absorbance group with the minimum mean square error is the final measurement value.

[0063] The present invention also provides a gas multi-physical quantity measurement system that breaks through the range limit, such as Figure 5 As shown, it includes a signal generator, a laser controller, a laser light source, a sample chamber, a photoelectric detector, and a data acquisition and processing system.

[0064] The signal generator generates a shaped periodic driving voltage signal f(t) and sends it to the laser controller. The laser controller generates a corresponding shaped periodic driving current signal to make the output wavelength of the laser light source change periodically and shaped. The wavelength of the absorption peak and the artificial absorption peak of the output light of the laser light source is determined according to the maximum absorption wavelength of the component to be measured. The photodetector receives the light signal of the laser scanning the sample chamber and transmits it to the data acquisition and processing system.

[0065] The data acquisition and processing system includes a data acquisition unit, a data processing unit, and a data output unit. The sample chamber contains the component to be tested and does not contain the component to be tested. The data acquisition unit collects the electrical signal transmitted by the photodetector in both cases, measures the light intensity in both cases, and transmits it to the data processing unit. The data processing unit draws two curves of light intensity change over time ( Figure 3 b), calculate the curve of absorbance of the component to be tested versus time t ( Figure 4 b), find the effective absorption peak in the curve, and form the absorbance values ​​of the effective absorption peak into a measurement absorbance group. The data processing unit also simulates and calculates the absorbance at each absorption peak wavelength at different temperatures, pressures, and concentration values ​​to form a simulated absorbance group, and calculates a group of simulated absorbances that are closest to the measured data, and measures the temperature, pressure, and concentration values ​​of the component to be measured; the data output unit displays the data and curve of the measurement process and the final measurement value.

[0066] In order to facilitate the control of the signal generator, the output light wavelength of the laser light source is positively correlated with the irregular periodic driving voltage signal generated by the signal generator.

[0067] The gas multi-physical quantity measurement method and system of the present invention break through the range limit, utilize the periodic non-monotonic special-shaped scanning driving mode of the signal generator to make the output light wavelength of the laser light source undergo periodic non-monotonic special-shaped changes, and create multiple artificial absorption peaks on the original absorbance curve of the component to be measured. Therefore, only one absorption line can provide multiple absorption peak value data for measuring multiple physical quantities without the need for multiple absorption lines. Compared with the two-line measurement method of the prior art, the measurement workload is greatly reduced.

[0068] The peaks with large absorbance values ​​such as A0 and A1 do not meet the A min n max ​​When the conditions are such that the artificial absorption peak with a small absorbance value can be used to continue measuring, the measuring range can be widened. The position of the artificial absorption peak can be changed by resetting the voltage-shaped periodic driving voltage signal f(t) of the signal generator to create an artificial peak with a smaller absorbance value, thereby further widening the measuring range.

[0069] Therefore, the measuring process of the measuring method and the measuring system of the present invention is simpler and more efficient, and the measuring range is adjustable, so it can be applied to the measurement of multiple physical quantities with a wider measuring range and more components.

[0070] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention, but not to limit the present invention. Although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that various combinations, modifications or equivalent substitutions of the technical solutions of the present invention do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for measuring multiple physical quantities of gas that breaks through the range limit, characterized in that: The following steps are performed in sequence: S1 determining the wavelengths of multiple artificial absorption peaks according to the maximum absorption wavelength of the component to be measured; S2 designs a signal generator with a periodic driving voltage signal function f(t) to control the periodic and irregular changes in the output light of the laser light source at the absorption peak and the artificial peak wavelength; S3 simulates and calculates the absorbance of each absorption peak under different temperatures, pressures, and concentration values ​​to form a simulated absorbance group; S4 sets up a test system, uses a data acquisition unit to collect the output light of the laser light source and the transmission light signal of the output light through the component to be measured, calculates the absorbance of the component to be measured, and finds the absorption peak in the absorbance change curve over time; S5 screens out effective absorption peaks from all absorption peaks, and the absorbance of the effective absorption peak constitutes a measurement absorbance group; S6 compares each set of values ​​of the simulated absorbance group of S3 with the measured absorbance group of S5, and the temperature, pressure, and concentration corresponding to the set of simulated absorbance values ​​closest to the measured values ​​are the measured temperature, pressure, and concentration values ​​of the component to be measured.

2. The method for measuring gas multi-physical quantities that breaks through the range limit according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the signal generator generates a profiled periodic driving voltage signal f(t) and sends it to the laser controller. The laser controller generates a corresponding profiled periodic driving current signal, so that the output light wavelength of the laser light source changes periodically and profiled, and the output light wavelength is positively correlated with the profiled periodic driving voltage signal.

3. The method for measuring gas multi-physical quantities that breaks through the range limit according to claim 1, characterized in that: step S4 includes: The test system set in S4.1 includes a signal generator, a laser controller, and a laser light source. The laser light source outputs light to illuminate the sample chamber, and a data acquisition unit collects a transmission light signal passing through the sample chamber; S4.2 The sample chamber has two states: no gas and full of gas of the component to be measured. The data acquisition unit collects the signals of the transmitted light in the two cases and draws two curves of light intensity changing with time; S4.3 Calculate the absorbance and draw a curve of absorbance change over time; S4.4 Find the absorption peak in the S4.3 curve.

4. The method for measuring gas multi-physical quantities that breaks through the range limit according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: Step S5, the absorption peak between the absorbance corresponding to the absorption saturation and the minimum absorbance detectable by the system is the effective absorption peak, and the number of effective absorption peaks in one cycle is greater than or equal to 3. If it is not satisfied, repeat S1 to S4.

5. The method for measuring gas multi-physical quantities that breaks through the range limit according to claim 4, characterized in that: In S6, a method for solving the mean square error between the simulated absorbance group and the measured absorbance group is used to determine a group of simulated absorbance groups that are closest to the measured values.

6. The method for measuring gas multi-physical quantities that breaks through the range limit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The formula for S3 simulation absorbance calculation is: A(ν)=S(T)φ(ν)PCL, where T is temperature; S(T) is the absorption line intensity related to temperature T; φ(ν) is the normalized absorption line function highly related to temperature and pressure; υ is the wave number of the incident light; P is the pressure; C is the concentration of the gas; and L is the absorption path length.

7. A gas multi-physical quantity measurement system that breaks through the range limit, characterized in that: It includes a signal generator, a laser controller, a laser light source, a sample chamber, a photoelectric detector, and a data acquisition and processing system. The signal generator generates a special-shaped periodic driving voltage signal and sends it to the laser controller. The laser controller generates a corresponding special-shaped periodic driving current signal to make the output light wavelength of the laser light source change periodically and irregularly. The wavelength of the absorption peak and the artificial absorption peak of the output light of the laser light source is determined according to the maximum absorption wavelength of the component to be measured. The photoelectric detector receives the light signal of the laser scanning the sample chamber and transmits it to the data acquisition and processing system. The data acquisition and processing system includes a data acquisition unit, a data processing unit, and a data output unit. The transmitted light signal passing through the sample chamber is converted into an electrical signal by the photoelectric detector and transmitted to the data acquisition unit to measure the light intensity, and the measured data is transmitted to the data processing unit; The data processing unit calculates the absorbance variation curve of the component to be measured over time according to the light intensity, finds the effective absorption peak in the curve, and forms the absorbance values ​​of the effective absorption peak into a measurement absorbance group. The data processing unit also simulates and calculates the absorbance of each absorption peak at different temperatures, pressures, and concentration values ​​to form a simulated absorbance group, and calculates a group of simulated absorbances that are closest to the measured data to obtain the temperature, pressure, and concentration values ​​of the component to be measured. The data output unit displays the data and curves of the measurement process as well as the final measurement value.

8. The gas multi-physical quantity measurement system that breaks through the range limit according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The wavelength of the light output by the laser light source is positively correlated with the irregular periodic driving voltage signal generated by the signal generator.

Images