A device and method for synchronous real-time monitoring of insulation of multi-branch high-voltage cables

Abstract

The present invention provides a synchronous real-time monitoring device and method for insulation of multi-branch high-voltage cables, including a multi-channel analog input module for respectively collecting DC leakage current signals, AC leakage current signals and circulating current signals of the line, a filtering module for filtering the above analog signals and outputting them to an AD conversion module, and the AD conversion module for converting the analog signals into digital sampling data; a data processing module for actively collecting sampling data through a data communication network, and performing edge calculation on the sampling data to obtain monitoring data; a management module connected to the data processing module through a serial port, for obtaining monitoring data and displaying it in real time; the data processing module establishes a communication connection with a monitoring background through a communication module, for uploading monitoring data to the monitoring background. The present invention realizes synchronous real-time monitoring of insulation of multi-branch high-voltage cables through a monitoring device, and achieves the effects of improving sampling accuracy, locating fault points and eliminating the hidden dangers of electric shock.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of insulation monitoring of power systems, and in particular to a device and method for synchronous real-time monitoring of insulation of multi-branch high-voltage cables. Background Art

[0002] The insulation of power lines is a very important part of the power system. Its function is to isolate the direct contact between the wires and the ground or other objects to avoid safety hazards such as current leakage and electric shock accidents in the power system. Therefore, good insulation performance is crucial to the reliability, stability and safety of the power system operation. However, with the long-term effect of environmental factors, the insulation quality of electrical equipment will gradually decline during operation, and most power grid accidents are caused by the breakdown of electrical equipment insulation. Insulation aging is generally a long process, ranging from a few years to decades depending on the environmental effects. At a certain time point, hidden insulation defects will form. Hidden insulation defects may also be caused by external reasons, such as collision, deformation, overheating, etc. It may take hours, weeks, months or even years for hidden insulation defects to develop into obvious defects and accidents to occur. Therefore, during the maintenance period, it is a probability problem that the AC withstand voltage or DC withstand voltage detection equipment has obvious defects. At present, most maintenance still uses manual detection and the maintenance cycle is generally several months. It cannot completely rule out the risk of no electrical accidents during the period from the commissioning of this inspection to the next maintenance.

[0003] In addition, the existing insulation monitoring solutions still have the following defects:

[0004] 1. The analog acquisition accuracy of traditional measurement equipment is poor, and the traditional filtering technology has defects. The sampling accuracy is generally affected by high-frequency noise and ripple;

[0005] 2. As most existing electrical equipment is installed in a distributed manner, traditional manual measurement cannot achieve multi-branch synchronous data collection;

[0006] 3. Traditional measurements mostly use a power-off insulation megger to test insulation resistance, which usually needs to be done when the equipment is shut down. In addition, the handle needs to be manually turned during the test, which takes a long time to measure, resulting in poor real-time performance and the inability to achieve real-time monitoring and timely detection and handling of sudden faults.

[0007] 4. Traditional manual inspection requires checking the fault points one by one, which cannot locate the fault in a timely and accurate manner. The inspection takes a long time and cannot complete large-scale inspection work in a short time, affecting the normal use and maintenance efficiency of the equipment;

[0008] 5. Traditional insulation inspection methods require workers to directly contact live equipment, which poses a risk of personal accidents such as high-voltage electric shock. Summary of the invention

[0009] The present invention provides a device and method for synchronous real-time monitoring of insulation of multi-branch high-voltage cables, which are mainly used to solve the problems of poor acquisition accuracy, inability to synchronously acquire and monitor multiple branches in real time, inability to accurately locate faults, and the existence of hidden dangers of electric shock in existing insulation detection schemes, thereby achieving the effect of realizing synchronous real-time monitoring of insulation of multi-branch high-voltage cables, greatly improving sampling accuracy and avoiding the risk of electric shock.

[0010] The present invention achieves the above-mentioned purpose through the following technical solutions:

[0011] A synchronous real-time monitoring device for insulation of multi-branch high-voltage cables, comprising a plurality of acquisition modules, a data processing module, a management module, a communication module and a gigabit switch for establishing data communication connections between the above modules, wherein the plurality of acquisition modules are respectively used for analog signal acquisition of each branch high-voltage cable, and the plurality of acquisition modules include a multi-channel analog input module, a filtering module and an AD conversion module, wherein the multi-channel analog input modules are respectively used for acquiring DC leakage current signals, AC leakage current signals and circulating current signals of the line, wherein the filtering module is used for filtering the analog signals and then outputting them to the AD conversion module, and the AD conversion module is used for converting the analog signals into digital sampling data; the data processing module is used for actively acquiring the sampling data through a data communication network, and performing edge computing on the sampling data to obtain monitoring data; the management module is connected to the data processing module through a serial port, and is used for acquiring the monitoring data and displaying them in real time; the data processing module establishes a communication connection with a monitoring background through the communication module, and is used for uploading the monitoring data to the monitoring background.

[0012] A further solution is that the filtering module includes a hardware filtering circuit and a software filtering unit. The hardware filtering circuit uses a high-order low-pass filtering circuit to perform a primary filtering on the analog signal to filter out its high-frequency noise and retain the low-frequency signal. The software filtering unit is used to perform a secondary filtering on the analog signal to filter out its high noise and ripple to extract the effective DC component.

[0013] A further solution is that the AD conversion module uses a 16-bit AD sampling chip to convert analog signals with a wide dynamic range into digital signals with 16-bit codes.

[0014] A further solution is that the acquisition module and the management module are both integrated with module functions based on a single chip microcomputer of model AT32F437, and both include: a bus communication module, a time calibration module and an Ethernet module.

[0015] Among them, several of the acquisition modules respectively establish RS485 bus communication connections with the management module through the bus communication module, which are used for long-distance transmission of multi-branch sampling signals.

[0016] The timing module is used to synchronize or calibrate the system time of the monitoring device.

[0017] The acquisition module and the management module are connected to the gigabit switch via an Ethernet module, so as to establish an Ethernet communication connection for data transmission.

[0018] A further solution is that the acquisition module also includes a recording module and a storage module, the recording module is used to record the sampled data before and after the insulation fault occurs, and process and analyze the sampled data to output the fault recording data to the storage module.

[0019] A further solution is that the management module also includes a display module and a control module. The display module is connected to the data processing module via a serial port, and is used to obtain the monitoring data and display it in real time; the control module is provided with multiple input and output interfaces, and is respectively connected to each of the acquisition modules through multiple input interfaces, and is used to obtain the acquisition results of the line, and output control signals through multiple output interfaces.

[0020] A further solution is that the management module outputs an interrupt signal to each of the acquisition modules through the single-chip microcomputer, so as to synchronously control the start of the conversion process of its AD conversion module.

[0021] A further solution is that the data processing module integrates module functions based on a SWA3568 core board with a main frequency of up to 1.4-2GHz, an NPU computing power of up to 1TOPs, and is configured with 4G SDRAM and 64G FLASH to support edge computing of the sampled data.

[0022] A further solution is that the data processing module is provided with two Gigabit Ethernet interfaces, and the debugging or program upgrade of the monitoring device is realized through any of the Gigabit Ethernet interfaces, and the communication module uploads the monitoring data to the monitoring background through any of the Gigabit Ethernet interfaces.

[0023] A synchronous real-time monitoring method for insulation of a multi-branch high-voltage cable, applied to a synchronous real-time monitoring device for insulation of a multi-branch high-voltage cable, comprising:

[0024] S1: After the system is powered on, each module communicates via Ethernet data through a gigabit switch, and the management module communicates with each acquisition module via bus.

[0025] S2: Allocate an address to each of the acquisition modules through bus communication, the acquisition unit identifies the address and automatically allocates the device address, and performs parameter configuration.

[0026] S3: the management unit outputs an interrupt signal to each of the acquisition units respectively, and each of the acquisition units synchronously controls its own AD conversion module to start a conversion process according to the same interrupt signal.

[0027] S4: The acquisition unit acquires the DC leakage current signal, AC leakage current signal and circulating current signal of the line, and transmits the sampled data to the management module through the bus, and the data processing module actively acquires the sampled data through the communication network.

[0028] S5: The data processing module performs edge computing on the sampled data to obtain monitoring data, sends the monitoring data to the management module for real-time display, and uploads it to the monitoring background.

[0029] It can be seen that the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0030] 1. The present invention realizes synchronous real-time acquisition of multiple groups of analog quantities of multiple branches through multiple acquisition modules, performs edge computing on the sampled data through a data processing module, and uploads the monitoring data to the monitoring background through a communication module, thereby realizing synchronous real-time monitoring of the insulation of multi-branch high-voltage cables. Compared with traditional manual detection schemes, it achieves the effect of realizing synchronous real-time monitoring of the insulation of multi-branch high-voltage cables and avoiding the risk of electric shock.

[0031] 2. The filtering module of the present invention adopts a combination of software and hardware to filter the collected analog signal. The analog signal is filtered once by a hardware filtering circuit using a high-order low-pass filtering circuit to filter out its high-frequency noise and retain the low-frequency signal. The analog signal is filtered twice by a software filtering unit to filter out its high noise and ripple to extract the effective DC component. Compared with the traditional simple filtering solution through a low-order filtering circuit, the sampling accuracy can be greatly improved.

[0032] 3. The management module of the present invention can control the start of the AD conversion process of multiple acquisition modules through bus communication, thereby realizing synchronous sampling of multiple branches, which is more suitable for insulation monitoring of distributed electrical equipment; and obtains sampling data of multiple acquisition modules through bus communication and displays them in real time through LCD, thereby realizing real-time feedback of monitoring data, which is conducive to improving fault response speed.

[0033] 4. The present invention realizes data interaction between multiple modules through the built-in gigabit switch of the device. The data transmission speed can reach the gigabit level, which can realize high-speed data transmission and meet the needs of large-capacity data transmission, ensuring the efficient operation of the network and providing support for synchronous insulation monitoring of multi-branch high-voltage cables.

[0034] 5. The acquisition module and the management module of the present invention are designed based on the AT32F437 single-chip microcomputer for module function integration, and the data processing module and the communication module are designed based on the SWA3568 core board for module function integration. It can realize the acquisition of multiple groups of analog data, B code synchronization, power-off data preservation, large data storage, high-speed Ethernet communication, LCD display and other functions while realizing a highly integrated design of the monitoring device, and the low power consumption facilitates the device to perform long-term insulation monitoring work, and is easy to maintain and upgrade.

[0035] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a synchronous real-time monitoring device for insulation of a multi-branch high-voltage cable according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a collection module according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of a management module according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of a data processing module according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 5 The present invention is a flowchart of a synchronous real-time monitoring method for insulation of a multi-branch high-voltage cable according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiment of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings of the embodiment of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiment is a part of the embodiment of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the described embodiment of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0042] Embodiment of a synchronous real-time monitoring device for insulation of multi-branch high-voltage cables

[0043] See also Figure 1The present invention relates to a synchronous real-time monitoring device for insulation of multi-branch high-voltage cables, comprising a plurality of acquisition modules 10, a data processing module 20, a management module 30, a communication module 40 and a gigabit switch 50 for establishing data communication connections between the above modules. The plurality of acquisition modules 10 are respectively used for analog signal acquisition of each branch high-voltage cable, and include a multi-channel analog input module, a filtering module and an AD conversion module. The multi-channel analog input modules are respectively used for acquiring DC leakage current signals, AC leakage current signals and circulating current signals of the line. The filtering module is used for filtering the above analog signals and outputting them to the AD conversion module. The AD conversion module is used for converting the analog signals into digital sampling data; the data processing module 20 is used for actively collecting the sampling data through a data communication network, and performing edge computing on the sampling data to obtain monitoring data; the management module 30 is connected to the data processing module 20 through a serial port to obtain the monitoring data and display it in real time; the data processing module 20 establishes a communication connection with the monitoring background through the communication module 40 to upload the monitoring data to the monitoring background.

[0044] Specifically, the data processing module 20 of this embodiment adopts an active data collection method to obtain the sampled data, and the active data collection method specifically includes: sending requests to each collection module 10 through the communication network at regular intervals according to the network protocol, and the request content can be customized; each collection module 10 parses and responds to the request, and sends the latest data collected by each to the data processing module 20.

[0045] Specifically, this embodiment is provided with 4 groups of acquisition modules 10, which can synchronously acquire and calculate the DC leakage current, AC leakage current and circulating current of 16 branches at most.

[0046] Specifically, the gigabit switch 50 of this embodiment supports multi-module data interaction and uploading, and its transmission speed can reach the gigabit level, which can achieve high-speed data transmission, and at the same time meet the needs of large-capacity data transmission, ensure the efficient operation of the network, and provide support for synchronous insulation monitoring of multi-branch high-voltage cables.

[0047] Specifically, the analog input module described in this embodiment includes 4 DC sampling IO ports and 8 AC sampling IO ports, and the above IO ports are used to sample the DC leakage current signal, AC leakage current signal and circulating current signal of the 4 branch high-voltage cables respectively.

[0048] In this embodiment, the filtering module includes a hardware filtering circuit and a software filtering unit. The hardware filtering circuit uses a high-order low-pass filtering circuit to perform a primary filtering on the analog signal to filter out its high-frequency noise and retain the low-frequency signal. The software filtering unit is used to perform a secondary filtering on the analog signal to filter out its high noise and ripple to extract the effective DC component.

[0049] In this embodiment, the AD conversion module adopts a 16-bit AD sampling chip to convert analog signals with a wide dynamic range into digital signals with 16-bit codes. Therefore, it has higher resolution and accuracy, can convert analog signals more accurately, and provide more refined digital representation.

[0050] Specifically, the AD sampling chip described in this embodiment supports high-speed analog sampling above 10Khz, which is beneficial to the real-time response and high-speed data processing of the monitoring device.

[0051] See also Figure 2-3 In this embodiment, the acquisition module 10 and the management module 30 are both based on a single chip microcomputer of model AT32F437 for module function integration, and both include: a bus communication module 40, a time calibration module and an Ethernet module.

[0052] Among them, several acquisition modules 10 respectively establish RS485 bus communication connection with the management module 30 through the bus communication module 40, which is used for long-distance transmission of multi-branch sampling signals.

[0053] Specifically, the data bus of the single-chip microcomputer in the acquisition module 10 of this embodiment is connected to each AD chip, and is used to transmit the sampled data provided by each acquisition module 10.

[0054] Specifically, the bus communication module 40 described in this embodiment is also used to configure data transmission, specifically: an address is assigned to each acquisition module 10, and the acquisition module 10 will automatically assign the address of the monitoring device after identifying the address. Each acquisition module 10 is connected to the monitoring background through the RS485 bus and performs parameter configuration.

[0055] The timing module is used to synchronize or calibrate the system time of the monitoring device.

[0056] Specifically, the timing module described in this embodiment uses B code timing, and performs B code input timing by configuring the RX pin of the UART interface of the single-chip microcomputer to an interrupt state.

[0057] The acquisition module 10 and the management module 30 are connected to the gigabit switch 50 via an Ethernet module, so as to establish an Ethernet communication connection for data transmission.

[0058] Specifically, the acquisition module 10 or the management module 30 of this embodiment is connected to the Gigabit switch 50 via a 100M Ethernet interface of the single-chip microcomputer.

[0059] Specifically, the acquisition module 10 and the management module 30 of this embodiment are also integrated with a high-precision real-time clock chip and an 8KB ferroelectric FRAM. The clock chip and the ferroelectric FRAM are respectively connected to any IIC interface of the single-chip microcomputer. The chip is used to provide accurate time for the CPU and has a data power-off protection function, which can maintain the accuracy of time during power-off to ensure the integrity of the data; the ferroelectric FRAM combines the fast reading and writing capabilities of the dynamic random access memory and the non-volatile characteristics of the read-only memory, and can save data after power failure.

[0060] In this embodiment, the acquisition module 10 further includes a recording module and a storage module. The recording module is used to record the sampled data before and after the insulation fault occurs, and process and analyze the sampled data to output the fault recording data to the storage module.

[0061] Specifically, the storage module of this embodiment includes 32MB of SDRAM and 8MB of NOR FLASH. The SDRAM and NOR FLASH memories are respectively connected to the QSPI interface and bus interface of the microcontroller to realize the large data storage function and provide support for long-term insulation synchronous monitoring of multi-branch high-voltage cables.

[0062] In this embodiment, the management module 30 also includes a display module and a control module. The display module is connected to the data processing module 20 via a serial port, and is used to obtain the monitoring data and display it in real time; the control module is provided with multiple input and output interfaces, and is respectively connected to each acquisition module 10 through multiple input interfaces, and is used to obtain the acquisition results of the line, and output control signals through multiple output interfaces.

[0063] Specifically, the display module of this embodiment adopts an LCD display screen, which has the characteristics of low power consumption and is therefore suitable for long-term operation of the monitoring device.

[0064] In this embodiment, the management module 30 outputs an interrupt signal to each acquisition module 10 through the single chip microcomputer, so as to synchronously control the start of the conversion process of the AD conversion module thereof.

[0065] See also Figure 4 In this embodiment, the data processing module 20 is based on the SWA3568 core board for module function integration, with a main frequency of up to 1.4-2GHz, an NPU computing power of up to 1TOPs, and is configured with 4GSDRAM and 64G FLASH to support edge computing of the sampled data.

[0066] Specifically, the data processing module 20 of this embodiment also includes a USB-to-serial port chip and a touch display screen. By setting the baud rate of the SPL of RK3568 to 1.5Mbps when it starts by default, and connecting the debug serial port UART of SWA3568 to the USB-to-serial port chip, and connecting to a computer via a standard USB2.0 cable, relevant operations can be performed on the computer to realize printing and viewing of debugging information.

[0067] The touch screen is connected to the high-definition multimedia interface HDMI of SWA3568 for local UI display, which is used for human-computer interaction to realize input signal viewing, output control, communication configuration, communication status viewing, analog quantity display, alarm SOE and other functions.

[0068] Specifically, this embodiment directly connects the USB2.0 and USB3.0 of SWA3568 through a standard Type-A USB3.0 connector, so that the data copy function can be conveniently realized using a USB flash drive.

[0069] In this embodiment, the data processing module 20 is provided with two Gigabit Ethernet interfaces, and the debugging or program upgrade of the monitoring device is realized through any of the Gigabit Ethernet interfaces. The communication module 40 uploads the monitoring data to the monitoring background through any of the Gigabit Ethernet interfaces.

[0070] A method for synchronous real-time monitoring of insulation of multi-branch high-voltage cables

[0071] See also Figure 5 The present invention relates to a synchronous real-time monitoring method for insulation of a multi-branch high-voltage cable, which is applied to a synchronous real-time monitoring device for insulation of a multi-branch high-voltage cable, and comprises:

[0072] S1: After the system is powered on, each module communicates via Ethernet data through a gigabit switch, and the management module communicates with each acquisition module via bus.

[0073] S2: Allocate an address to each of the acquisition modules through bus communication, the acquisition unit identifies the address and automatically allocates the device address, and performs parameter configuration.

[0074] S3: the management unit outputs an interrupt signal to each of the acquisition units respectively, and each of the acquisition units synchronously controls its own AD conversion module to start a conversion process according to the same interrupt signal.

[0075] S4: The acquisition unit acquires the DC leakage current signal, AC leakage current signal and circulating current signal of the line, and transmits the sampled data to the management module through the bus, and the data processing module actively acquires the sampled data through the communication network.

[0076] S5: The data processing module performs edge computing on the sampled data to obtain monitoring data, sends the monitoring data to the management module for real-time display, and uploads it to the monitoring background.

[0077] The above-mentioned embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and cannot be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any non-substantial changes and substitutions made by technicians in this field on the basis of the present invention shall fall within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

Claims

1. A synchronous real-time monitoring device for insulation of multi-branch high-voltage cables, characterized in that: include: Several acquisition modules, data processing modules, management modules, communication modules and a gigabit switch for establishing data communication connections between the above modules. Several of the acquisition modules are respectively used for analog signal acquisition of each branch high-voltage cable. It includes a multi-channel analog input module, a filtering module and an AD conversion module. The multiple analog input modules are respectively used to acquire the DC leakage current signal, AC leakage current signal and circulating current signal of the line. The filtering module is used to filter the above analog signals and output them to the AD conversion module. The AD conversion module is used to convert the analog signals into digital sampling data; the data processing module is used to actively collect the sampling data through the data communication network, and perform edge computing on the sampling data to obtain monitoring data; the management module is connected to the data processing module through the serial port to obtain the monitoring data and display it in real time; the data processing module establishes a communication connection with the monitoring background through the communication module to upload the monitoring data to the monitoring background.

2. The synchronous real-time monitoring device for insulation of multi-branch high-voltage cables according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The filtering module includes a hardware filtering circuit and a software filtering unit. The hardware filtering circuit uses a high-order low-pass filtering circuit to perform a primary filtering on the analog signal to filter out its high-frequency noise and retain the low-frequency signal. The software filtering unit is used to perform a secondary filtering on the analog signal to filter out its high noise and ripple to extract the effective DC component.

3. The synchronous real-time monitoring device for insulation of multi-branch high-voltage cables according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The AD conversion module adopts a 16-bit AD sampling chip to convert analog signals with a wide dynamic range into digital signals with 16-bit codes.

4. The synchronous real-time monitoring device for insulation of a multi-branch high-voltage cable according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The acquisition module and the management module are both based on the single-chip microcomputer model AT32F437 for module function integration, and both include: bus communication module, time calibration module and Ethernet module; Among them, several of the acquisition modules respectively establish RS485 bus communication connection with the management module through the bus communication module, which is used for long-distance transmission of multi-branch sampling signals; Wherein, the timing module is used to synchronize or calibrate the system time of the monitoring device; The acquisition module and the management module are connected to the gigabit switch via an Ethernet module, so as to establish an Ethernet communication connection for data transmission.

5. The synchronous real-time monitoring device for insulation of multi-branch high-voltage cables according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The acquisition module also includes a recording module and a storage module. The recording module is used to record the sampled data before and after the insulation fault occurs, and process and analyze the sampled data to output the fault recording data to the storage module.

6. The synchronous real-time monitoring device for insulation of multi-branch high-voltage cables according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The management module also includes a display module and a control module. The display module is connected to the data processing module via a serial port to obtain the monitoring data and display it in real time. The control module is provided with multiple input and output interfaces, which are respectively connected to each of the acquisition modules through multiple input interfaces to obtain the acquisition results of the lines and output control signals through multiple output interfaces.

7. The synchronous real-time monitoring device for insulation of multi-branch high-voltage cables according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The management module outputs an interrupt signal to each of the acquisition modules through the single-chip microcomputer, so as to synchronously control the start of the conversion process of the AD conversion module thereof.

8. The synchronous real-time monitoring device for insulation of multi-branch high-voltage cables according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The data processing module is based on the SWA3568 core board for module function integration, with a main frequency of up to 1.4-2GHz, an NPU computing power of up to 1TOPs, and is configured with 4G SDRAM and 64G FLASH to support edge computing of the sampled data.

9. The synchronous real-time monitoring device for insulation of multi-branch high-voltage cables according to claim 8, characterized in that: The data processing module is provided with two Gigabit Ethernet interfaces, and debugging or program upgrading of the monitoring device can be realized through any of the Gigabit Ethernet interfaces. The communication module uploads the monitoring data to the monitoring background through any of the Gigabit Ethernet interfaces.

10. A method for synchronous real-time monitoring of insulation of multi-branch high-voltage cables, characterized in that: An insulation synchronous real-time monitoring device for a multi-branch high-voltage cable as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising: S1: After the system is powered on, each module communicates with each other through the Gigabit switch via Ethernet data, and the management module communicates with each acquisition module via bus; S2: assigning an address to each of the acquisition modules through bus communication, the acquisition unit identifying the address and automatically assigning the device address, and performing parameter configuration; S3: the management unit outputs an interrupt signal to each of the acquisition units respectively, and each of the acquisition units synchronously controls its own AD conversion module to start a conversion process according to the same interrupt signal; S4: the acquisition unit acquires the DC leakage current signal, AC leakage current signal and circulating current signal of the line, and transmits the sampled data to the management module through the bus, and the data processing module actively acquires the sampled data through the communication network; S5: The data processing module performs edge computing on the sampled data to obtain monitoring data, sends the monitoring data to the management module for real-time display, and uploads it to the monitoring background.

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