Optical cable with loose tube and photoelectric composite cable

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of optical cables, and discloses an optical cable with a loose tube, which is provided with a cable core, the loose tube is arranged in the cable core, an optical fiber is arranged in the loose tube, and a first special-shaped protective layer and at least one second special-shaped protective layer are arranged outside the cable core. Each of the first special-shaped protection layer and the second special-shaped protection layer is composed of at least three butterfly-shaped units and connecting walls which are distributed at intervals and connected, the number of the butterfly-shaped units is the same as that of the butterfly-shaped units, an interval containing cavity with an inward opening is formed between every two adjacent butterfly-shaped units, and the first special-shaped protection layer and the second special-shaped protection layer are stacked, sleeved and attached to each other. At least one optical fiber ribbon is arranged in the interval accommodating cavity; the optical fiber has the beneficial effects of simple structure, wide application scene, uniform stress, high fiber core density, convenience in construction and the like; the invention further discloses a photoelectric composite cable with the loose tube.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of optical cables, and in particular relates to an optical cable with a loose tube and an optoelectronic composite cable. Background Art

[0002] Optical cable is a communication cable assembly that uses one or more optical fibers placed in a sheath as a transmission medium and can be used individually or in groups.

[0003] In the prior art, for example, CN220820332U discloses an armored butterfly optical cable, comprising an optical fiber, a reinforcement, a waterproof filler, an inner sheath, a moisture-proof layer, an armor layer, a water-blocking layer, a rodent-proof powder and an outer sheath, wherein the inner surface of the armor layer is sleeved on the outer surface of the moisture-proof layer, the inner surface of the moisture-proof layer is sleeved on the outer surface of the inner sheath, the reinforcement is installed at the center of the inner surface of the inner sheath, the center of the inner surface of the reinforcement is sleeved on the outer surface of the optical fiber, the outer surface of the armor layer is sleeved on the inner surface of the water-blocking layer, and the outer sheath is sleeved on the water-blocking layer.

[0004] The above-mentioned prior arts all have the following drawbacks: 1. low fiber core density, 2. small application scope, 3. inconvenient construction, and 4. complex structure. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the purpose of the present invention is to disclose an optical cable and an optoelectronic composite cable with a loose tube, which are achieved by adopting the following technical solutions.

[0006] The utility model discloses an optical cable with a loose tube, comprising a cable core, a loose tube arranged in the cable core, an optical fiber arranged in the loose tube, a first special-shaped sheath and at least one second special-shaped sheath arranged outside the cable core, the first special-shaped sheath is composed of at least three first butterfly-shaped units and first connecting walls of the same number as the first butterfly-shaped units, which are distributed and connected at intervals, a first spacing cavity opening inwards is formed between two adjacent first butterfly-shaped units, the second special-shaped sheath is composed of at least three second butterfly-shaped units and second connecting walls of the same number as the second butterfly-shaped units, which are distributed and connected at intervals, a second spacing cavity opening inwards is formed between two adjacent second butterfly-shaped units, the first special-shaped sheath and the second special-shaped sheath are stacked and attached to each other, the first special-shaped sheath is located at the outermost side, and at least one optical fiber ribbon is arranged in the first spacing cavity and the second spacing cavity.

[0007] In the above-mentioned optical cable with a loose tube, both ends of the first connecting wall are respectively connected to the corresponding first butterfly-shaped units, all the first butterfly-shaped units are located on the same circumference, a first central cavity is formed in the first special-shaped sheath, all the second special-shaped sheaths are located in the first central cavity, and all the first butterfly-shaped unit sheaths and the first connecting wall are integrally formed; The two ends of the second connecting wall are respectively connected to the corresponding second butterfly-shaped units, all the second butterfly-shaped units of the same second special-shaped sheath are located on the same circumference, a second central cavity is formed in the second special-shaped sheath, the cable core is located in the innermost second central cavity, and all the second butterfly-shaped unit sheaths and the second connecting wall are integrally formed; When there is a second special-shaped sheath, the second connecting wall completely fits the corresponding first butterfly-shaped unit, the opening of the first spacing cavity is completely blocked by the outer side wall of the corresponding second butterfly-shaped unit, and the sheath of the second butterfly-shaped unit fits the cable core; When there are multiple second special-shaped protective layers, the second connecting wall of the outermost second special-shaped protective layer completely fits the corresponding first butterfly-shaped unit, and the opening of the first spacing cavity is completely blocked by the outer side wall of the adjacent corresponding second butterfly-shaped unit. Among two adjacent second special-shaped protective layers, the second connecting wall of the outer second special-shaped protective layer completely fits the inner corresponding second butterfly-shaped unit, and the opening of the outer second spacing cavity is completely blocked by the outer side wall of the adjacent inner corresponding second butterfly-shaped unit, and the innermost second butterfly unit protective layer fits the cable core; An optical cable with a loose tube comprises a cable core, a loose tube is arranged in the cable core, an optical fiber is arranged in the loose tube, a first special-shaped sheath and 2n+1 second special-shaped sheaths are arranged outside the cable core, n≥0, n is an integer, the first special-shaped sheath is composed of at least three first butterfly-shaped units and first connecting walls, the number of which is the same as the number of the first butterfly-shaped units, which are distributed and connected at intervals, a first spacing cavity is formed between two adjacent first butterfly-shaped units, the second special-shaped sheath is composed of at least three second butterfly-shaped units and second connecting walls, the number of which is the same as the number of the second butterfly-shaped units, which are distributed and connected at intervals, a second spacing cavity is formed between two adjacent second butterfly-shaped units, the first special-shaped sheath and the second special-shaped sheath are stacked and attached to each other, and the first special-shaped sheath is located at the outermost side; From the outside to the inside, the second spacing cavity of the outermost second special-shaped protective layer is opposite to the corresponding first spacing cavity, and forms a combined cavity. The second spacing cavity of the 2n+2nd second special-shaped protective layer is opposite to the corresponding second spacing cavity of the 2n+3rd second special-shaped protective layer, and forms a combined cavity. At least one optical fiber ribbon is arranged in the combined cavity.

[0008] In the above-mentioned optical cable with a loose tube, both ends of the first connecting wall are respectively connected to the corresponding first butterfly-shaped units, all the first butterfly-shaped units are located on the same circumference, the first spacing cavity opens inward, a first central cavity is formed in the first special-shaped sheath, all the second special-shaped sheaths are located in the first central cavity, all the second special-shaped sheaths are stacked, and all the first butterfly-shaped unit sheaths and the first connecting wall are integrally formed; The two ends of the second connecting wall are respectively connected to the corresponding second butterfly-shaped units, all the second butterfly-shaped units of the same second special-shaped sheath are located on the same circumference, the second spacing cavity of the 2n+2 second special-shaped sheath opens inward, and the second spacing cavity of the 2n+3 second special-shaped sheath opens outward, a second central cavity is formed in the second special-shaped sheath, the cable core is located in the innermost second central cavity, and all the second butterfly-shaped unit sheaths and the second connecting wall are integrally formed; An optical cable with a loose tube as described in any one of the above claims, wherein two first butterfly-shaped unit reinforcement members, at least one optical fiber and a first butterfly-shaped unit sheath are arranged in the first butterfly-shaped unit, the two first butterfly-shaped unit reinforcement members are located in the first butterfly-shaped unit sheath, and the optical fiber is located between the two first butterfly-shaped unit reinforcement members.

[0009] In the above-mentioned optical cable with loose tube, two second butterfly unit reinforcement members, at least one optical fiber and a second butterfly unit sheath are arranged in the second butterfly unit, the two second butterfly unit reinforcement members are located in the second butterfly unit sheath, and the optical fiber is located between the two second butterfly unit reinforcement members.

[0010] The invention discloses an optical cable with a loose tube, comprising a cable core, a loose tube arranged in the cable core, an optical fiber arranged in the loose tube, a first special-shaped sheath arranged outside the cable core, one end of the first special-shaped sheath connected to the outer wall of the cable core, the first special-shaped sheath wound outside the cable core, the first special-shaped sheath composed of a plurality of first butterfly-shaped units and first connecting walls of the same number as the first butterfly-shaped units, which are distributed at intervals and connected, a first spacing cavity opening inward is formed between two adjacent first butterfly-shaped units, when only one layer of the first special-shaped sheath is wound, the first butterfly-shaped unit is adhered to the cable core, when multiple layers of the first special-shaped sheath are wound, the first butterfly unit of the innermost first special-shaped sheath is adhered to the cable core, two adjacent layers of the first special-shaped sheath are adhered, and at least one optical fiber ribbon is arranged in the first spacing cavity.

[0011] In the above-mentioned optical cable with loose tube, two first butterfly unit reinforcement members, at least one optical fiber and a first butterfly unit sheath are arranged in the first butterfly unit, the two first butterfly unit reinforcement members are located in the first butterfly unit sheath, and the optical fiber is located between the two first butterfly unit reinforcement members.

[0012] In the above-mentioned optical cable with loose tube, the material of the first butterfly-shaped unit sheath and the first connecting wall is flame-retardant polyolefin.

[0013] In the above-mentioned optical cable with loose tube, the materials of the second butterfly-shaped unit sheath and the second connecting wall are flame-retardant polyolefin.

[0014] In the above-mentioned optical cable with loose tube, the material of the inner sheath is polyethylene.

[0015] In the above-mentioned optical cable with loose tube, the first butterfly-shaped unit reinforcement member and the second butterfly-shaped unit reinforcement member are phosphating steel wires.

[0016] In the above-mentioned optical cable with loose tube, the central reinforcement member is phosphating steel wire.

[0017] In the above-mentioned optical cable with loose tube, the optical fiber is a single-mode optical fiber or a multi-mode optical fiber.

[0018] The optical cable with a loose tube described above is made of polybutylene terephthalate.

[0019] In the above-mentioned optical cable with loose tube, the optical fiber ribbon is formed by combining at least two optical fibers.

[0020] The invention discloses an optoelectronic composite cable with a loose tube, comprising a cable core, a loose tube arranged in the cable core, an optical fiber arranged in the loose tube, a first special-shaped sheath and at least one second special-shaped sheath arranged outside the cable core, the first special-shaped sheath being composed of at least three first butterfly-shaped units and first connecting walls, the number of which is the same as the number of the first butterfly-shaped units, which are spaced and connected to form a first spacing cavity opening inwardly formed between two adjacent first butterfly-shaped units, the second special-shaped sheath being composed of at least three second butterfly-shaped units and second connecting walls, the number of which is the same as the number of the second butterfly-shaped units, which are spaced and connected to form a second spacing cavity opening inwardly formed between two adjacent second butterfly-shaped units, the first special-shaped sheath and the second special-shaped sheath being stacked and attached to each other, the first special-shaped sheath being located at the outermost side, and at least one electrical unit being arranged in the first spacing cavity and in the second spacing cavity.

[0021] In the above-mentioned optoelectronic composite cable with a loose tube, the electrical unit is composed of a conductor and an insulating layer extruded outside the conductor.

[0022] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The special-shaped sheath is formed by connecting a plurality of butterfly-shaped units, so that the optical cable has the characteristics of an outdoor optical cable and can also be used for indoor laying.

[0023] 2. The butterfly-shaped units are evenly distributed around the cable core, so that the reinforcement members of the butterfly-shaped units are evenly distributed around the optical cable. When the optical cable is subjected to tension, the central reinforcement members and the external reinforcement members of the butterfly-shaped units make the force on the optical cable more uniform.

[0024] 3. An optical fiber ribbon is placed in the interval cavity between two adjacent butterfly-shaped units to increase the fiber core density of the optical cable. An electrical unit can also be placed in the cavity to enable the cable to transmit both light and electricity simultaneously to meet more needs.

[0025] 4. The first compartment cavity and the second compartment cavity can be combined into a larger combined cavity, which can accommodate more optical fiber ribbons or electrical units.

[0026] 5. The first butterfly-shaped unit and the first spacing cavity of the first special-shaped sheath are staggered with the second butterfly-shaped unit and the second spacing cavity of the second special-shaped sheath, thereby improving the anti-extrusion capability of the optical cable.

[0027] 6. The first special-shaped protective layer can be in a winding form to facilitate the stripping and use of the first butterfly-shaped unit. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a section of Example 1 of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 2 It is a front view of embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 3 It is a front view of the first special-shaped protective layer of Example 1 of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 4 It is a front view of the combination of the first special-shaped protective layer, the second special-shaped protective layer and the inner protective layer of Example 1 of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a section of Example 2 of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 6 It is a front view of embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 7 It is a front view of the second special-shaped protective layer of Example 2 of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 8 This is a front view of a combination of a first special-shaped protective layer and a second special-shaped protective layer in accordance with Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0036] Fig. 9 It is a front view of embodiment 3 of the present invention.

[0037] Fig.10 It is a front view of the first special-shaped protective layer of Example 3 of the present invention.

[0038] In the figure, 1. first special-shaped protective layer, 11. first butterfly-shaped unit, 111. first butterfly-shaped unit reinforcement, 113. first butterfly-shaped unit protective layer, 12. first connecting wall, 13. first spacing cavity, 14. first central cavity, 2. second special-shaped protective layer, 21. second butterfly-shaped unit, 211. second butterfly-shaped unit reinforcement, 213. second butterfly-shaped unit protective layer, 22. second connecting wall, 23. second spacing cavity, 24. second central cavity, 3. optical fiber ribbon, 4. inner protective layer, 5. loose tube, 6. optical fiber, 7. central reinforcement, 8. combined cavity. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] Example 1: Figures 1 to 4 , an optical cable with a loose tube, comprising a cable core, the cable core consisting of an inner sheath 4, six loose tubes 5 and a central reinforcement member 7, the loose tube 5 being twisted around the central reinforcement member 7, at least one optical fiber 6 being arranged in the loose tube 5, the inner sheath 4 being extruded outside the twisted body formed by the loose tube 5 and the central reinforcement member 7, the cable core having a first special-shaped sheath 1 and a second special-shaped sheath 2, the first special-shaped sheath 1 consisting of eight first butterfly-shaped units 11 and eight first connecting walls 12, the first butterfly-shaped units 11 and the first connecting walls 12 being spaced apart, the two ends of the first connecting wall 12 being connected to the corresponding first butterfly-shaped units 11, the first butterfly-shaped unit 11 consisting of two first A butterfly-shaped unit reinforcement member 111, an optical fiber 6 and a first butterfly-shaped unit sheath 113 are formed, two first butterfly-shaped unit reinforcement members 111 and an optical fiber 6 are located in the first butterfly-shaped unit sheath 113, the optical fiber 6 is located between the two first butterfly-shaped unit reinforcement members 111, all first butterfly-shaped units 11 are located on the same circumference, a first spacing cavity 13 opening inward is formed between the first connecting wall 12 and the two first butterfly-shaped units 11 on both sides, a first central cavity 14 is formed in the first special-shaped sheath 1, all first butterfly-shaped unit sheaths 113 and the first connecting wall 12 are integrally formed, and the second special-shaped sheath 2 is located in the first central cavity 14; The second special-shaped sheath 2 is composed of eight second butterfly-shaped units 21 and eight second connecting walls 22. The second butterfly-shaped units 21 and the second connecting walls 22 are spaced apart. The two ends of the second connecting wall 22 are respectively connected to the corresponding second butterfly-shaped units 21. The second butterfly-shaped unit 21 is composed of two second butterfly-shaped unit reinforcements 211, an optical fiber 6 and a second butterfly-shaped unit sheath 213. The two second butterfly-shaped unit reinforcements 211 and an optical fiber 6 are located in the second butterfly-shaped unit sheath 213. The optical fiber 6 is located between the two second butterfly-shaped unit reinforcements 211. All the second butterfly-shaped units 21 are located on the same circumference. A second spacing cavity 23 opening inward is formed between the second connecting wall 22 and the two second butterfly-shaped units 21 on both sides. A second central cavity 24 is formed in the second special-shaped sheath 2. All the second butterfly-shaped unit sheaths 213 and the second connecting walls 22 are integrally formed, and the cable core is located in the second central cavity 24. The second connecting wall 22 is completely in contact with the corresponding first butterfly-shaped unit 11 , the opening of the first spacing cavity 13 is completely blocked by the outer wall of the corresponding second butterfly-shaped unit 21 , the second butterfly-shaped unit protective layer 213 is in contact with the inner protective layer 4 , and at least one optical fiber ribbon 3 is provided in the first spacing cavity 13 and the second spacing cavity 23 .

[0040] Example 2: Figures 5 to 8, an optical cable with a loose tube, comprising a cable core, the cable core consisting of an inner sheath 4, six loose tubes 5 and a central reinforcement member 7, the loose tube 5 being twisted around the central reinforcement member 7, at least one optical fiber 6 being arranged in the loose tube 5, the inner sheath 4 being extruded outside the twisted body formed by the loose tube 5 and the central reinforcement member 7, the cable core having a first special-shaped sheath 1 and a second special-shaped sheath 2, the first special-shaped sheath 1 consisting of eight first butterfly-shaped units 11 and eight first connecting walls 12, the first butterfly-shaped units 11 and the first connecting walls 12 being spaced apart, the two ends of the first connecting wall 12 being connected to the corresponding first butterfly-shaped units 11, the first butterfly-shaped unit 11 consisting of two first A butterfly-shaped unit reinforcement member 111, an optical fiber 6 and a first butterfly-shaped unit sheath 113 are formed, two first butterfly-shaped unit reinforcement members 111 and an optical fiber 6 are located in the first butterfly-shaped unit sheath 113, the optical fiber 6 is located between the two first butterfly-shaped unit reinforcement members 111, all first butterfly-shaped units 11 are located on the same circumference, a first spacing cavity 13 opening inward is formed between the first connecting wall 12 and the two first butterfly-shaped units 11 on both sides, a first central cavity 14 is formed in the first special-shaped sheath 1, all first butterfly-shaped unit sheaths 113 and the first connecting wall 12 are integrally formed, and the second special-shaped sheath 2 is located in the first central cavity 14; The second special-shaped sheath 2 is composed of eight second butterfly-shaped units 21 and eight second connecting walls 22. The second butterfly-shaped units 21 and the second connecting walls 22 are spaced apart. The two ends of the second connecting wall 22 are respectively connected to the corresponding second butterfly-shaped units 21. The second butterfly-shaped unit 21 is composed of two second butterfly-shaped unit reinforcements 211, an optical fiber 6 and a second butterfly-shaped unit sheath 213. The two second butterfly-shaped unit reinforcements 211 and an optical fiber 6 are located in the second butterfly-shaped unit sheath 213. The optical fiber 6 is located between the two second butterfly-shaped unit reinforcements 211. All the second butterfly-shaped units 21 are located on the same circumference. An outwardly opening second spacing cavity 23 is formed between the second connecting wall 22 and the two second butterfly-shaped units 21 on both sides. An outwardly facing second central cavity 24 is formed in the second special-shaped sheath 2. All the second butterfly-shaped unit sheaths 213 and the second connecting walls 22 are integrally formed, and the cable core is located in the second central cavity 24. The first spacing cavity 13 and the corresponding second spacing cavity 23 are opposite to each other and form a combined cavity 8. At least one optical fiber ribbon 3 is arranged in the combined cavity 8. The second butterfly unit sheath 213 is attached to the inner sheath 4. The second butterfly unit sheath 213 is attached to the corresponding first butterfly unit sheath 113.

[0041] Example 3: Fig. 9 and Fig.10, an optical cable with a loose tube, comprising a cable core, the cable core consisting of an inner sheath 4, six loose tubes 5 and a central reinforcement member 7, the loose tubes 5 being twisted around the central reinforcement member 7, at least one optical fiber 6 being arranged in the loose tube 5, the inner sheath 4 being extruded outside the twisted body formed by the loose tube 5 and the central reinforcement member 7, a first special-shaped sheath 1 being arranged outside the cable core, one end of the first special-shaped sheath 1 being connected to the outer wall of the inner sheath 4, the first special-shaped sheath 1 being wound around the outer wall of the inner sheath 4, the first special-shaped sheath 1 being composed of a plurality of first butterfly-shaped units 11 and a first connecting wall 12 having the same number as the first butterfly-shaped units 11, the first butterfly-shaped units 11 and the first connecting wall 12 being distributed at intervals, and the first connecting wall 12 between two adjacent first butterfly-shaped units 11 The two ends of the connecting wall 12 are respectively connected to the corresponding first butterfly-shaped unit 11. The first butterfly-shaped unit 11 is composed of two first butterfly-shaped unit reinforcement members 111, an optical fiber 6 and a first butterfly-shaped unit sheath 113. The two first butterfly-shaped unit reinforcement members 111 and the optical fiber 6 are located in the first butterfly-shaped unit sheath 113, and the optical fiber 6 is located between the two first butterfly-shaped unit reinforcement members 111. When the first special-shaped sheath 1 has only one layer, the first butterfly-shaped unit 11 is pasted to the inner sheath 4. When the first special-shaped sheath 1 has multiple layers, the first butterfly-shaped unit 11 of the innermost first special-shaped sheath 1 is pasted to the inner sheath 4, and the adjacent two layers of the first special-shaped sheath 1 are pasted. At least one optical fiber ribbon 3 is provided in the first spacing cavity 13.

[0042] In the above-mentioned optical cable with loose tube, the material of the first butterfly-shaped unit sheath 113 and the first connecting wall 12 is flame-retardant polyolefin.

[0043] In the above-mentioned optical cable with loose tube, the material of the second butterfly unit sheath 213 and the second connecting wall 22 is flame-retardant polyolefin.

[0044] In the above-mentioned optical cable with loose tube, the material of the inner sheath 4 is polyethylene.

[0045] In the above-mentioned optical cable with loose tube, the first butterfly-shaped unit reinforcement member 111 and the second butterfly-shaped unit reinforcement member 211 are phosphating steel wires.

[0046] In the above-mentioned optical cable with loose tube, the central reinforcement member 7 is a phosphating steel wire.

[0047] In the above-mentioned optical cable with loose tube, the optical fiber 6 is a single-mode optical fiber or a multi-mode optical fiber.

[0048] In the above-mentioned optical cable with loose tube, the material of the loose tube 5 is polybutylene terephthalate.

[0049] In the above-mentioned optical cable with loose tube, the optical fiber ribbon 3 is formed by at least two optical fibers 6 being ribbonized together.

[0050] Embodiment 4: An optoelectronic composite cable having a loose tube optical cable. This embodiment is basically the same as embodiment 1, except that the optical fiber ribbon 3 in the first spacing cavity 13 and the second spacing cavity 23 is replaced by an electrical unit, which is composed of a conductor and an insulating layer extruded outside the conductor.

[0051] The present application can be used as an intelligent sensor or intelligent sensing element; since it can transmit voice and images, it can also be used as a physical sensor, such as a voice sensor or an image sensor; since it transmits optical signals through the principle of total reflection, it can also be used as a distance sensor; the optical fiber in the present application is an optical waveguide itself, so it can be used as an optical waveguide, such as an array optical waveguide or a diffraction optical waveguide; the present application can also be used in the field of optical computing, as part of optical chip computing, in the fields of optical computing, optical computing, and optical network computing.

[0052] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The special-shaped sheath is formed by connecting a plurality of butterfly-shaped units, so that the optical cable has the characteristics of an outdoor optical cable and can also be used for indoor laying.

[0053] 2. The butterfly-shaped units are evenly distributed around the cable core, so that the reinforcement members of the butterfly-shaped units are evenly distributed around the optical cable. When the optical cable is subjected to tension, the central reinforcement member 7 and the reinforcement members of the external butterfly-shaped units make the force on the optical cable more uniform.

[0054] 3. An optical fiber ribbon is placed in the interval cavity between two adjacent butterfly-shaped units to increase the fiber core density of the optical cable. An electrical unit can also be placed in the cavity to enable the cable to transmit both light and electricity simultaneously to meet more needs.

[0055] 4. The first spacing cavity 13 and the second spacing cavity 23 can be combined into a larger combined cavity 8, which can accommodate more optical fiber ribbons 3 or electrical units.

[0056] 5. The first butterfly-shaped units 11 and the first spacing cavities 13 of the first special-shaped sheath 1 and the second butterfly-shaped units 21 and the second spacing cavities 23 of the second special-shaped sheath 2 are staggered, thereby improving the anti-extrusion capability of the optical cable.

[0057] 6. The first special-shaped protective layer 1 can be in a winding form to facilitate the peeling and taking of the first butterfly-shaped unit 11.

[0058] The present application can be used as an intelligent sensor or intelligent sensing element; since it can transmit voice and images, it can also be used as a physical sensor, such as a voice sensor or an image sensor; since it transmits optical signals through the principle of total reflection, it can also be used as a distance sensor; the optical fiber in the present application is an optical waveguide itself, so it can be used as an optical waveguide, such as an array optical waveguide or a diffraction optical waveguide; the present application can also be used in the field of optical computing, as part of optical chip computing, in the fields of optical computing, optical computing, and optical network computing.

[0059] The above embodiments are only preferred technical solutions of the present invention and should not be regarded as limiting the present invention. The protection scope of the present invention shall be the technical solutions recorded in the claims, including the equivalent replacement solutions of the technical features in the technical solutions recorded in the claims. That is, equivalent replacement improvements within this scope are also within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An optical cable with a loose tube, comprising a cable core, a loose tube (5) being arranged in the cable core, an optical fiber (6) being arranged in the loose tube (5), characterized in that: The cable core is provided with a first special-shaped sheath (1) and at least one second special-shaped sheath (2) outside the cable core. The first special-shaped sheath (1) is composed of at least three first butterfly-shaped units (11) and first connecting walls (12) of the same number as the first butterfly-shaped units (11) which are arranged at intervals and connected to each other. A first spacing cavity (13) opening inwards is formed between two adjacent first butterfly-shaped units (11). The second special-shaped sheath (2) is composed of at least three second butterfly-shaped units (21) and second connecting walls (22) of the same number as the second butterfly-shaped units (21) which are arranged at intervals and connected to each other. A second spacing cavity (23) opening inwards is formed between two adjacent second butterfly-shaped units (21). The first special-shaped sheath (1) and the second special-shaped sheath (2) are stacked and attached to each other. The first special-shaped sheath (1) is located at the outermost side. At least one optical fiber ribbon (3) is arranged in the first spacing cavity (13) and the second spacing cavity (23).

2. An optical cable with a loose tube according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two ends of the first connecting wall (12) are respectively connected to the corresponding first butterfly-shaped unit (11), all the first butterfly-shaped units (11) are located on the same circumference, a first central cavity (14) is formed in the first special-shaped protective layer (1), and all the second special-shaped protective layers (2) are located in the first central cavity (14); the two ends of the second connecting wall (22) are respectively connected to the corresponding second butterfly-shaped unit (21), all the second butterfly-shaped units (21) of the same second special-shaped protective layer (2) are located on the same circumference, a second central cavity (24) is formed in the second special-shaped protective layer (2), and the cable core is located in the innermost second central cavity (24); when there is one second special-shaped protective layer (2), the second connecting wall (22) completely fits the corresponding first butterfly-shaped unit (11), and the first spacing cavity (13) The opening of the first spacing cavity (13) is completely blocked by the outer side wall of the corresponding second butterfly-shaped unit (21), and the second butterfly-shaped unit sheath (213) fits the cable core; when there are multiple second special-shaped sheaths (2), the second connecting wall (22) of the outermost second special-shaped sheath (2) is completely blocked by the outer side wall of the corresponding first butterfly-shaped unit (11), and the opening of the first spacing cavity (13) is completely blocked by the outer side wall of the adjacent corresponding second butterfly-shaped unit (21); among two adjacent second special-shaped sheaths (2), the second connecting wall (22) of the outer second special-shaped sheath (2) is completely blocked by the inner side corresponding second butterfly-shaped unit (21), and the opening of the outer second spacing cavity (23) is completely blocked by the outer side wall of the adjacent inner side corresponding second butterfly-shaped unit (21), and the innermost second butterfly-shaped unit sheath (213) fits the cable core.

3. An optical cable with a loose tube, comprising a cable core, a loose tube (5) being arranged in the cable core, and an optical fiber (6) being arranged in the loose tube (5), characterized in that: The cable core is provided with a first special-shaped sheath (1) and 2n+1 second special-shaped sheaths (2), where n≥0 and n is an integer. The first special-shaped sheath (1) is composed of at least three first butterfly-shaped units (11) and first connecting walls (12) whose number is the same as the number of the first butterfly-shaped units (11) and are arranged at intervals and connected to each other. A first spacing cavity (13) is formed between two adjacent first butterfly-shaped units (11). The second special-shaped sheath (2) is composed of at least three second butterfly-shaped units (21) and second connecting walls (22) whose number is the same as the number of the second butterfly-shaped units (21) and are arranged at intervals and connected to each other. A second spacing cavity (23) is formed between the first and second shaped protective layers (1) and (2), the first shaped protective layer (1) and (2) are stacked and attached to each other, and the first shaped protective layer (1) is located at the outermost side; from the outside to the inside, the second spacing cavity (23) of the outermost second shaped protective layer (2) and the corresponding first spacing cavity (13) are opposite to each other, and a combined cavity (8) is formed; the second spacing cavity (23) of the 2n+2nd second shaped protective layer (2) and the corresponding second spacing cavity (23) of the 2n+3rd second shaped protective layer (2) are opposite to each other, and a combined cavity (8) is formed; at least one optical fiber ribbon (3) is arranged in the combined cavity (8).

4. An optical cable with a loose tube according to claim 3, characterized in that: The two ends of the first connecting wall (12) are respectively connected to the corresponding first butterfly-shaped units (11), all the first butterfly-shaped units (11) are located on the same circumference, the first spacing cavity (13) opens inwards, a first central cavity (14) is formed in the first special-shaped sheath (1), all the second special-shaped sheaths (2) are located in the first central cavity (14), and all the second special-shaped sheaths (2) are stacked layer by layer; the two ends of the second connecting wall (22) are respectively connected to the corresponding second butterfly-shaped units (21), all the second butterfly-shaped units (21) of the same second special-shaped sheath (2) are located on the same circumference, the second spacing cavity (23) of the 2n+2nd second special-shaped sheath (2) opens inwards, the second spacing cavity (23) of the 2n+3rd second special-shaped sheath (2) opens outwards, a second central cavity (24) is formed in the second special-shaped sheath (2), and the cable core is located in the innermost second central cavity (24).

5. An optical cable with a loose tube according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: Two first butterfly-shaped unit reinforcement members (111), at least one optical fiber (6) and a first butterfly-shaped unit protective layer (113) are arranged in the first butterfly-shaped unit (111); the two first butterfly-shaped unit reinforcement members (111) are located in the first butterfly-shaped unit protective layer (113); and the optical fiber (6) is located between the two first butterfly-shaped unit reinforcement members (111).

6. An optical cable with a loose tube according to claim 5, characterized in that: Two second butterfly-shaped unit reinforcement members (211), at least one optical fiber (6) and a second butterfly-shaped unit protective layer (213) are arranged in the second butterfly-shaped unit (21); the two second butterfly-shaped unit reinforcement members (211) are located in the second butterfly-shaped unit protective layer (213); and the optical fiber (6) is located between the two second butterfly-shaped unit reinforcement members (211).

7. An optical cable with a loose tube, comprising a cable core, a loose tube (5) being arranged in the cable core, and an optical fiber (6) being arranged in the loose tube (5), characterized in that: A first special-shaped sheath (1) is provided outside the cable core, one end of the first special-shaped sheath (1) is connected to the outer wall of the cable core, the first special-shaped sheath (1) is wound outside the cable core, the first special-shaped sheath (1) is composed of a plurality of first butterfly-shaped units (11) and first connecting walls (12) of the same number as the first butterfly-shaped units (11), which are distributed at intervals and connected to each other, a first spacing cavity (13) with an inward opening is formed between two adjacent first butterfly-shaped units (11), when only one layer of the first special-shaped sheath (1) is wound, the first butterfly-shaped unit (11) is adhered to the cable core, when multiple layers of the first special-shaped sheath are wound, the first butterfly-shaped unit (11) of the innermost first special-shaped sheath (1) is adhered to the cable core, and two adjacent layers of the first special-shaped sheath (1) are adhered, and at least one optical fiber ribbon (3) is arranged in the first spacing cavity (13).

8. An optical cable with a loose tube according to claim 7, characterized in that: Two first butterfly-shaped unit reinforcement members (111), at least one optical fiber (6) and a first butterfly-shaped unit protective layer (113) are arranged in the first butterfly-shaped unit (111); the two first butterfly-shaped unit reinforcement members (111) are located in the first butterfly-shaped unit protective layer (113); and the optical fiber (6) is located between the two first butterfly-shaped unit reinforcement members (111).

9. An optoelectronic composite cable with a loose tube, comprising a cable core, a loose tube (5) arranged in the cable core, an optical fiber (6) arranged in the loose tube (5), characterized in that: The cable core is provided with a first special-shaped sheath (1) and at least one second special-shaped sheath (2) outside the cable core. The first special-shaped sheath (1) is composed of at least three first butterfly-shaped units (11) and first connecting walls (12) whose number is the same as the number of the first butterfly-shaped units (11), which are arranged at intervals and connected to each other. A first spacing cavity (13) opening inward is formed between two adjacent first butterfly-shaped units (11). The second special-shaped sheath (2) is composed of at least three second butterfly-shaped units (21) and second connecting walls (22) whose number is the same as the number of the second butterfly-shaped units (21), which are arranged at intervals and connected to each other. A second spacing cavity (23) opening inward is formed between two adjacent second butterfly-shaped units (21). The first special-shaped sheath (1) and the second special-shaped sheath (2) are stacked and attached to each other. The first special-shaped sheath (1) is located at the outermost side. At least one electrical unit is arranged in the first spacing cavity (13) and the second spacing cavity (23).

10. The optoelectronic composite cable with a loose tube according to claim 9, characterized in that: The electrical unit is composed of a conductor and an insulating layer extruded outside the conductor.

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