Methods and systems for estimating the erosion intensity of granite weathering crust watersheds

Abstract

This invention discloses a method and system for estimating the erosion intensity of a granite weathering crust watershed. The method includes: setting up a sample plot at the granite weathering crust watershed, collecting coarse quartz particles from the surface of the sample plot and weathering crust soil at different depths of the sample plot; sorting coarse quartz particles of different sizes; determining the particle size of the selected test coarse quartz particles based on the enrichment rate of coarse quartz particles of different sizes; conducting splash erosion and weathering tests on the selected coarse quartz particles of different sizes to obtain the splash erosion rate and weathering rate of the coarse quartz particles; and calculating the erosion intensity of the granite weathering crust watershed over a certain period of time based on the selected coarse quartz particles of different sizes, the enrichment amount of coarse quartz particles on the surface of the sample plot, the splash erosion rate and weathering rate of the coarse quartz particles, and the content of coarse quartz particles in the weathering crust soil. This invention utilizes the content of coarse quartz particles in the weathering crust, as well as the enrichment, splashing, and weathering rate of coarse quartz particles on the surface of the watershed, to estimate the erosion intensity of the granite weathering crust watershed. It can effectively assess the erosion status of the granite weathering crust in areas without erosion monitoring, and provide a reference for the management of soil and water loss in the granite weathering crust.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of soil erosion technology, and in particular to a method, system, terminal device, and computer-readable storage medium for estimating the erosion intensity of granite weathering crust watersheds. Background Technology

[0002] Granite is an important component of the continental crust, influencing its formation and evolution. Globally, granite weathering crusts reaching depths of 40-100 meters are widespread. These deep crusts provide ample erosive material for soil erosion, easily triggering high erosion intensities under the influence of rainfall and runoff. Typical erosion landforms such as volcanic ridges, lavakas, voçorocas, and crumbling have developed on these slopes and have received considerable attention. The amount of erosion along granite watersheds determines the elevation of the watershed and even the formation of deep weathering crusts, yet watershed erosion currently receives relatively little attention.

[0003] Splash erosion, as an important erosion mechanism in soil erosion, has been extensively studied since the 1940s. Current research indicates that rainfall splash erosion is mainly influenced by rainfall characteristics (such as intensity, duration, and energy) and soil characteristics (such as particle size and soil aggregates). When soil particle size reaches 1 mm, the driving force and resistance reach a certain balance, thus reducing the amount of splash erosion in sandy soils. This suggests that particles larger than 1 mm are less susceptible to splash erosion. In the vicinity of the watershed, other erosion mechanisms are not significant besides rainfall splash erosion; Horton even considered this area an "erosion-free zone." However, the enrichment of coarse quartz particles on the watershed surface (fine particles are eroded, while coarse particles remain enriched) indicates that even the watershed possesses a certain degree of erosion intensity.

[0004] The watershed of a granite weathering crust is the highest point on the slope, and erosion at this point has a significant impact on the stability and thickness of the granite weathering crust. However, due to a lack of long-term observation, its long-term erosion rate remains unclear. Our research team, through field investigation, found that granite landforms may preserve erosion signals over time, with coarse quartz grains often enriched on the granite weathering crust watershed. The soil erosion intensity of the watershed can be characterized by the amount of coarse quartz grains. Compared to the erosive power of slope runoff, rainfall splash erosion has a weaker erosion and transport capacity on soil. Furthermore, the high content of coarse quartz grains and strong weathering resistance of the granite weathering crust result in an enrichment of a layer of coarse quartz grains on the exposed watershed surface, significantly inhibiting its erosion intensity. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of the prior art, this invention provides a method, system, terminal device, and computer-readable storage medium for estimating the erosion intensity of a granite weathering crust watershed. Utilizing the strong corrosion resistance and weathering resistance of coarse quartz particles in the granite weathering crust, the erosion intensity of the granite weathering crust watershed is estimated by using parameters such as the content of coarse quartz particles in the weathering crust, the enrichment amount of coarse quartz particles on the surface of the watershed, the amount of splashing, and the particle weathering rate.

[0006] The first objective of this invention is to provide a method for estimating the erosion intensity of a granite weathering crust watershed.

[0007] A second objective of this invention is to provide a system for estimating the erosion intensity of granite weathering crust watersheds.

[0008] The third objective of this invention is to provide a terminal device.

[0009] A fourth objective of this invention is to provide a computer-readable storage medium.

[0010] The first objective of this invention can be achieved by adopting the following technical solution:

[0011] A method for estimating the erosion intensity of a granite weathering crust watershed, the method comprising:

[0012] A quadrat was set up at the watershed of the granite weathering crust to collect coarse quartz particles from the surface layer of the quadrat and weathering crust soil from different depths within the quadrat; the coarse quartz particles had a particle size greater than 0.5 mm.

[0013] Quartz coarse particles of different sizes were sorted; the particle size of the selected test quartz coarse particles was determined based on the surface enrichment rate of quartz coarse particles of different sizes.

[0014] Sputtering and weathering tests were conducted on coarse quartz particles of the selected size to obtain the sputtering rate and weathering rate of the coarse quartz particles.

[0015] Based on the selected coarse quartz particles of the selected size, the erosion intensity of the granite weathering crust watershed is calculated according to the enrichment of coarse quartz particles on the surface of the sample plot, the splashing rate and weathering rate of coarse quartz particles, and the content of coarse quartz particles in the weathering crust soil.

[0016] Furthermore, the formula for calculating the erosion intensity is as follows:

[0017]

[0018] In the formula, W i This represents the weight of coarse quartz particles per unit area selected on the surface of the sample plot in year i, expressed in kg / m². 2 W i+1This represents the weight of coarse-grained quartz particles per unit area of ​​the sample plot surface in year i+1, expressed in kg / m². 2 When i=0, W i =0; S is the surface area of ​​the sample plot, in m². 2 h represents the annual erosion depth of the weathering crust, in meters; ρ represents the unit weight of the weathering crust soil, in kilograms per cubic meter. 3 C represents the content of coarse quartz particles of the selected size in the weathered crust soil; a and b represent the annual splashing rate and annual weathering rate of the selected coarse quartz particles, respectively, which are calculated from the splashing rate and weathering rate of the coarse quartz particles.

[0019] Furthermore, the content of selected coarse quartz particles in the weathered crust is the ratio of the weight of the selected coarse quartz particles to the weight of the eroded soil; the eroded soil is weathered crust with a sample plot depth of less than or equal to 20 cm.

[0020] Furthermore, the particle size of the coarse quartz particles corresponding to the maximum surface enrichment rate was selected as the particle size of the selected experimental coarse quartz particles.

[0021] Furthermore, the selected test quartz coarse particles had a particle size greater than or equal to 5 mm.

[0022] Furthermore, the formula for calculating the surface enrichment rate is as follows:

[0023] ER= Ps / Po

[0024] In the formula, ER is the enrichment rate; Ps、Po The weight of a certain size of coarse quartz particles represents the percentage of the weight of surface coarse quartz particles and the weight of the corresponding weathered crust soil in the sample plot.

[0025] Furthermore, the sample plots are located in watershed areas with small or zero catchment areas;

[0026] The process involves separating coarse quartz particles of different sizes in water.

[0027] Furthermore, the coarse quartz particles of different sizes include coarse quartz particles with particle sizes greater than 5 mm, 3~5 mm, 2~3 mm, 1~2 mm and 0.5~1 mm respectively.

[0028] The second objective of this invention can be achieved by adopting the following technical solution:

[0029] A system for estimating the erosion intensity of a granite weathering crust watershed, the system comprising:

[0030] The sampling module is used to set up quadrats at the watershed of granite weathering crust, and to collect coarse quartz particles from the surface of the quadrats and weathering crust soil at different depths of the quadrats; the coarse quartz particles have a particle size greater than 0.5 mm.

[0031] The screening module is used to sort coarse quartz particles of different sizes; the particle size of the selected test coarse quartz particles is determined based on the surface enrichment rate of coarse quartz particles of different sizes.

[0032] The test module is used to conduct sputtering and weathering tests on coarse quartz particles of selected size to obtain the sputtering rate and weathering rate of the coarse quartz particles.

[0033] The calculation module is used to calculate the erosion intensity of the granite weathering crust watershed based on the selected coarse quartz particles, the enrichment of coarse quartz particles on the surface of the sample plot, the splashing rate and weathering rate of coarse quartz particles, and the content of coarse quartz particles in the weathering crust soil.

[0034] The third objective of this invention can be achieved by adopting the following technical solution:

[0035] A terminal device includes a processor and a memory for storing a processor-executable program, wherein when the processor executes the program stored in the memory, it implements the above-described method for estimating the erosion intensity of a granite weathering crust watershed.

[0036] The fourth objective of this invention can be achieved by adopting the following technical solution:

[0037] A computer-readable storage medium storing a program that, when executed by a processor, implements the above-described method for estimating the erosion intensity of granite weathering crust watersheds.

[0038] The present invention has the following advantages over the prior art:

[0039] This invention estimates the erosion intensity of granite weathering crust watersheds by analyzing parameters such as the content of coarse quartz particles in the weathering crust, as well as the enrichment, splashing, and weathering rate of coarse quartz particles at the watershed location. The erosion intensity of granite weathering crust watersheds can effectively assess the erosion status of granite weathering crusts in unmonitored areas, providing a reference for soil and water conservation in granite weathering crusts. Attached Figure Description

[0040] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0041] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the method for estimating the erosion intensity of a granite weathering crust watershed according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the collection of granite weathering crust watershed samples in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 3 These are photographs of quartz particles at different depths in the weathered crust of granite, as shown in Example 1 of this invention.

[0044] Figure 4 The enrichment rate of quartz particles of different sizes in the granite weathering crust watershed of Example 1 of the present invention is shown.

[0045] Figure 5 The image shows a photograph of the quartz coarse-particle splashing and weathering test in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0046] Figure 6 This is a structural block diagram of the granite weathering crust watershed erosion intensity estimation system of Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0047] Figure 7 This is a structural block diagram of the terminal device according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0048] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described are merely used to explain this application and are not intended to limit this application.

[0049] Example 1:

[0050] In this embodiment, stone particles with a diameter greater than 0.5 mm are considered as coarse particles, and the soil erosion intensity in the area is characterized by the degree of enrichment of coarse quartz particles of a determined diameter on the slope surface.

[0051] like Figure 1 As shown in the figure, this embodiment provides a method for estimating the erosion intensity of a granite weathering crust watershed, including the following steps:

[0052] S101. Collection and sorting of coarse quartz particles.

[0053] A quadrat was established at the granite watershed to collect coarse quartz particles enriched on the surface. The collected samples were then sorted in the laboratory according to five particle size categories: >5 mm, 3–5 mm, 2–3 mm, 1–2 mm, and 0.5–1 mm.

[0054] The sample plots should be located in watershed areas with small or no catchment area to minimize the impact of surface runoff erosion on the enrichment of coarse particles on the surface. Coarse particle size separation should be performed in water, as some weathered crust particles easily disintegrate in water, ensuring that coarse quartz particles are not mixed with coarse soil particles. The samples should be sieved to obtain five particle size grades of coarse quartz particles: >5 mm, 3–5 mm, 2–3 mm, 1–2 mm, and 0.5–1 mm.

[0055] S102. The amount of sputtering and the weathering rate of coarse quartz particles of the selected size are obtained through sputtering and weathering tests.

[0056] Different sizes of coarse quartz particles are packed into the sputtering disk. The amount of sputtering and the amount of particle weathering are measured over a certain period of time to quantitatively characterize the amount of sputtering and the weathering rate per unit time period.

[0057] The selected coarse particle size for the experiment was determined based on the enrichment rate (ER) of coarse quartz particles of different sizes. The enrichment rate of coarse quartz particles of different sizes on the watershed surface was calculated using formula (1):

[0058] ER= Ps / Po (1)

[0059] In the formula, ER is the enrichment rate; Ps The percentage (%) of the weight of coarse quartz particles of a certain size on the Earth's surface relative to the total weight of coarse particles. Po The percentage (%) of a certain size of coarse quartz particles in a weathered crust soil sample relative to the total weight of the soil. Ps and Po The calculated coarse quartz particles are of the same size.

[0060] ER>1 indicates that the quartz particles are enriched, while ER<1 indicates that the quartz particles of this size are lost (or leached).

[0061] Based on the ER index, coarse quartz particles with high enrichment were selected and loaded into the splashing disk, and rain splashing and weathering tests were conducted.

[0062] S103. Calculate the erosion intensity of the granite weathering crust watershed based on the splashing amount and weathering rate of coarse quartz particles, as well as the content of coarse quartz particles in the weathering crust.

[0063] Based on the enrichment of coarse particles in the granite watershed, the splashing erosion and weathering rate of coarse particles per unit time period, the erosion intensity of the granite watershed per unit time period is calculated.

[0064] The enrichment of coarse quartz grains at the watershed of granite weathering crust is mainly influenced by rainfall splash erosion and quartz grain weathering. Due to the strong erosion and weathering resistance of certain coarse quartz grains, they tend to accumulate easily in watershed areas where surface runoff erosion is weak, making them an ideal indicator of soil erosion intensity in watershed areas. The weathering amount of coarse quartz grains of a certain size was calculated by measuring the weight changes of these grains over different time periods.

[0065] WR= WPs / WPo (2)

[0066] In the formula, WR is the weathering rate. WPs The weight of coarse particles of a certain size after weathering over a period of time is expressed in grams. WPo The weight of coarse particles of a certain size at the beginning of the test setup is expressed in grams.

[0067] Based on the content of coarse particles of a certain size in the weathering crust of a watershed within a certain period (the weight of coarse quartz particles contained in a weathering crust of a certain thickness that has been eroded), the enrichment of coarse particles on the surface of the watershed, the splash erosion and weathering rate of coarse particles, an estimation formula is established to calculate the amount of soil erosion of the weathering crust watershed within a certain period.

[0068] (3)

[0069] In the formula, W i This represents the weight of coarse particles screened out per unit area in year i, expressed in kg / m². 2 W i+1 This represents the weight of coarse particles screened out per unit area in year i+1, expressed in kg / m². 2 S represents the area of ​​the eroded quadrat, in m². 2 h represents the annual erosion depth in meters (m); ρ represents the bulk density in kilograms per cubic meter (kg / m³). 3 C represents the content of coarse quartz particles of a certain size in the weathered crust; a represents the annual splash erosion rate of coarse particles of a certain size; b represents the annual weathering rate of coarse particles of a certain size. When i=0, W i =0, meaning that before erosion, there were no coarse quartz particles on the surface.

[0070] Because surface coarse particles are directly affected by factors such as sunlight and rainfall, the weathering rate of exposed coarse particles is much greater than that of coarse particles in the weathering crust. Therefore, in a short period of time (several years or decades), the weathering rate of coarse particles in the weathering crust can be approximated as 0.

[0071] According to the field investigation, the starting time of the enrichment of quartz particles in the granite weathering crust watershed was determined. Based on the enrichment amount of coarse particles of a certain size in each sample area, the ratio of coarse particles of a certain size in the soil body in a soil profile of a certain depth, and the splashing rate and weathering rate of coarse quartz particles of a certain size, it can be calculated by formula (3) that the current enrichment of coarse particles in the granite watershed is the result of many years of erosion, weathering and enrichment.

[0072] This embodiment selects Wuhua County and Meixian County in Guangdong Province to further illustrate the above method, specifically including:

[0073] (1) Selection of watershed plots for granite weathering crust.

[0074] In Wuhua County and Meixian County of Guangdong Province, the granite weathering crust can reach thicknesses of several meters, tens of meters, or even hundreds of meters, exhibiting a widespread erosion landform known as "benggang," with its granite weathering crust being the most typical feature. Over the past century, due to human activities such as logging and wildfires, the vegetation in this area has suffered large-scale destruction, resulting in severe soil erosion. The fertile topsoil layer has been largely lost, especially in the watershed area. After the topsoil is eroded, the granite weathering crust is directly exposed. Furthermore, the erosion and transport capacity of surface runoff at the watershed is limited, leading to a large accumulation of coarse quartz particles on the surface. This region is an ideal area for studying the erosion history of watersheds. Four 2m (length) × 1m (width) quadrats were established in each of the granite weathering crust watersheds in Wuhua County and Meixian County.

[0075] (2) Quadrat sampling.

[0076] The watershed area of ​​the granite weathering crust is 2m². 2 For each quadrat, sampling brushes and soil drills / stainless steel shovels were used to collect surface coarse-grained soil samples and weathered crust soil samples at depths of 0~10, 10~20, and 20~30 cm at the four corners of the quadrat, as well as bulk density samples (see...). Figure 2 ).

[0077] (3) Particle size sorting.

[0078] In a bucket, the collected samples were passed through stainless steel sieves with apertures of 5, 3, 2, 1, and 0.5 mm to obtain five particle size ranges of coarse quartz particles, namely >5, 3~5, 2~3, 1~2, and 0.5~1 mm (see [link to sample sieve]). Figure 3 ).

[0079] (4) Particle size analysis.

[0080] The study found that the content of coarse particles >5mm in the longitudinal profile of the 0-20cm weathering crust in each sample area was not significantly different and could be regarded as a constant. Based on the content of coarse quartz particles of different sizes on the surface and in the weathering crust of the watershed, the enrichment rate of coarse particles of different sizes was calculated using formula (2). The ER values ​​of the two sizes with a particle size >=3.0mm were basically greater than 1, mainly showing enrichment; while the ER values ​​of the three sizes with a particle size <3.0mm were basically less than 1, mainly showing loss; the enrichment phenomenon of coarse particles with a particle size >5.0mm was particularly obvious, and its average enrichment rate was 3.5 (see Figure 4 ).

[0081] (5) Quartz coarse grain splashing and weathering test.

[0082] Based on the gradation proportion of the main coarse particles on the watershed surface (as shown in Table 1), splash erosion tests were conducted under natural rainfall conditions. According to the enrichment rate (ER) of coarse quartz particles of different sizes, two sizes of coarse quartz particles, >5 mm and 3~5 mm respectively, were selected and loaded into the splash erosion disk (e.g., ...). Figure 5 Nine splashing disks were used. Disks 1-3 were filled with coarse particles larger than 5 mm, while disks 4-6 and 7-9 had their coarse particle gradations based on the proportions of coarse particles from the watershed between Wuhua County and Meixian County, respectively. Each splashing disk was 10 cm in diameter and 3 cm high. Monitoring was conducted from April 2020 to July 2024.

[0083] Table 1. Splashing and weathering test setup for quartz particles of different sizes

[0084]

[0085] (6) Calculation of quartz coarse-grained splashing and weathering rate.

[0086] Based on the collected splashed particles and the number of remaining coarse quartz particles in the splashing disk during the monitoring period, the splashing amount and weathering amount of coarse quartz particles of different sizes were calculated. The splashing rate and weathering rate of each splashing disk were 0.85~2.70% and 2.39~3.42%, respectively (as shown in Table 2).

[0087] Table 2 Splashing and weathering of coarse particles of different sizes

[0088]

[0089] (7) Calculation of erosion intensity of granite weathering crust watershed.

[0090] According to field investigations, the vegetation destruction at the watershed in Wuhua and Meixian occurred in 1994 due to logging and in 2004 due to forest fires. After these events, the vegetation at the watershed was almost completely destroyed, leaving the surface bare. Under the action of raindrop splash erosion, fine particles at the watershed were eroded and migrated, while coarse particles accumulated on the surface. Assuming that the annual erosion rate of the weathering crust of the watershed is consistent, based on the accumulation of coarse particles >5mm in each sample area, the ratio of coarse particles >5mm in the soil body in the 0~20cm soil profile, and the splash erosion rate and weathering rate of coarse particles >5mm, it can be calculated by formula (3) that the current accumulation of coarse particles at the watershed in Wuhua and Meixian is the result of 25 and 15 years of erosion, weathering, and accumulation, respectively. The average annual soil erosion thickness of the bare watershed sample areas in Wuhua and Meixian is 1.57 and 1.31mm, respectively.

[0091] Furthermore, Spotila et al. (2002) calculated the long-term average erosion rate of the Southern California ridge using the (U-Th) / He dating method to be approximately 2 mm / yr, a result that is close to the calculation result obtained using our method. This demonstrates that even in the absence of vegetation cover, soil erosion is significant, even in granite weathering crust watersheds. Moreover, coarse-grained cover within the granite weathering crust effectively reduces erosion, leading to the formation of a thick granite weathering crust. This will contribute to a better understanding of the formation of thick granite weathering crusts and provide a methodological reference for the quantitative study of the impact of soil erosion on watershed elevation in areas without erosion data, and will also help predict future changes in watershed elevation based on soil erosion.

[0092] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the steps in the methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by a program instructing related hardware, and the corresponding program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium.

[0093] It should be noted that although the method operations of the above embodiments are described in a specific order in the accompanying drawings, this does not require or imply that these operations must be performed in that specific order, or that all the operations shown must be performed to achieve the desired result. On the contrary, the order of execution of the described steps may be changed. Additionally or alternatively, certain steps may be omitted, multiple steps may be combined into one step, and / or one step may be broken down into multiple steps.

[0094] Example 2:

[0095] like Figure 6 As shown, this embodiment provides a system for estimating the erosion intensity of granite weathering crust watersheds. The system includes a data acquisition module 601, a screening module 602, an experimental module 603, and a calculation module 604, wherein:

[0096] The data collection module 601 is used to set up sample plots at the watershed of granite weathering crust, and to collect coarse quartz particles on the surface of the sample plots and weathering crust soil at different depths of the sample plots; the coarse quartz particles have a particle size greater than 0.5 mm.

[0097] The screening module 602 is used to sort coarse quartz particles of different sizes; the particle size of the selected test coarse quartz particles is determined based on the surface enrichment rate of coarse quartz particles of different sizes.

[0098] The test module 603 is used to conduct sputtering and weathering tests on coarse quartz particles of selected size to obtain the sputtering rate and weathering rate of the coarse quartz particles.

[0099] The calculation module 604 is used to calculate the erosion intensity of the granite weathering crust watershed based on the selected coarse quartz particles of the selected size, the enrichment of coarse quartz particles on the surface of the sample plot, the splashing rate and weathering rate of the coarse quartz particles, and the content of coarse quartz particles in the weathering crust soil.

[0100] The specific implementation of each module in this embodiment can be found in Embodiment 1 above, and will not be repeated here. It should be noted that the system provided in this embodiment is only illustrated by the division of the above functional modules. In actual applications, the above functions can be assigned to different functional modules as needed, that is, the internal structure can be divided into different functional modules to complete all or part of the functions described above.

[0101] Example 3:

[0102] This embodiment provides a terminal device, which can be a computer, such as... Figure 7 As shown, the processor 702, memory, input device 703, display 704, and network interface 705 are connected via system bus 701. The processor provides computing and control capabilities. The memory includes a non-volatile storage medium 706 and internal memory 707. The non-volatile storage medium 706 stores the operating system, computer programs, and database. The internal memory 707 provides an environment for the operation of the operating system and computer programs in the non-volatile storage medium. When the processor 702 executes the computer program stored in the memory, it implements the method for estimating the erosion intensity of the granite weathering crust watershed in Embodiment 1, as follows:

[0103] A quadrat was set up at the watershed of the granite weathering crust to collect coarse quartz particles from the surface layer of the quadrat and weathering crust soil from different depths within the quadrat; the coarse quartz particles had a particle size greater than 0.5 mm.

[0104] Quartz coarse particles of different sizes were sorted; the particle size of the selected test quartz coarse particles was determined based on the surface enrichment rate of quartz coarse particles of different sizes.

[0105] Splashing and weathering tests were conducted on the selected coarse quartz particles to obtain the splashing rate and weathering rate of the coarse quartz particles.

[0106] Based on the selected coarse quartz particles of the selected size, the erosion intensity of the granite weathering crust watershed is calculated according to the enrichment of coarse quartz particles on the surface of the sample plot, the splashing rate and weathering rate of coarse quartz particles, and the content of coarse quartz particles in the weathering crust soil.

[0107] Example 4:

[0108] This embodiment provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program. When executed by a processor, the computer program implements the method for estimating the erosion intensity of the granite weathering crust watershed in Embodiment 1 above, as follows:

[0109] A quadrat was set up at the watershed of the granite weathering crust to collect coarse quartz particles from the surface layer of the quadrat and weathering crust soil from different depths within the quadrat; the coarse quartz particles had a particle size greater than 0.5 mm.

[0110] Quartz coarse particles of different sizes were sorted; the particle size of the selected test quartz coarse particles was determined based on the surface enrichment rate of quartz coarse particles of different sizes.

[0111] Splashing and weathering tests were conducted on the selected coarse quartz particles to obtain the splashing rate and weathering rate of the coarse quartz particles.

[0112] Based on the selected coarse quartz particles of the selected size, the erosion intensity of the granite weathering crust watershed is calculated according to the enrichment of coarse quartz particles on the surface of the sample plot, the splashing rate and weathering rate of coarse quartz particles, and the content of coarse quartz particles in the weathering crust soil.

[0113] It should be noted that the computer-readable storage medium in this embodiment can be a computer-readable signal medium or a computer-readable storage medium, or any combination thereof. The computer-readable storage medium can be, for example, but not limited to, an electrical, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any combination thereof. More specific examples of a computer-readable storage medium may include, but are not limited to: an electrical connection having one or more wires, a portable computer disk, a hard disk, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), optical fiber, portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), optical storage device, magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination thereof.

[0114] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for estimating the erosion intensity of a granite weathering crust watershed, characterized in that, The method includes: A quadrat was set up at the watershed of the granite weathering crust, and coarse quartz particles from the surface layer of the quadrat and weathering crust soil from different depths of the quadrat were collected; the coarse quartz particles had a particle size greater than 0.5 mm. Quartz coarse particles of different sizes were sorted; the particle size of the selected test quartz coarse particles was determined based on the surface enrichment rate of quartz coarse particles of different sizes. Sputtering and weathering tests were conducted on coarse quartz particles of the selected size to obtain the sputtering rate and weathering rate of the coarse quartz particles. Based on the selected coarse quartz particles of the selected size, the erosion intensity of the granite weathering crust watershed is calculated according to the enrichment of coarse quartz particles on the surface of the sample plot, the splashing rate and weathering rate of coarse quartz particles, and the content of coarse quartz particles in the weathering crust soil.

2. The estimation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The formula for calculating the erosion intensity is as follows: In the formula, W i This represents the weight of coarse quartz particles per unit area selected on the surface of the sample plot in year i, expressed in kg / m². 2 ; W i+1 This represents the weight of coarse-grained quartz particles per unit area of ​​the sample plot surface in year i+1, expressed in kg / m². 2 ; When i=0, W i =0; S is the surface area of ​​the sample plot, in m². 2 h represents the annual erosion depth of the weathering crust, in meters. ρ is the unit weight of the weathered crust soil, in kg / m³. 3 C represents the content of coarse quartz particles of the selected size in the weathered crust soil; a and b represent the annual splashing rate and annual weathering rate of the selected coarse quartz particles, respectively, which are calculated from the splashing rate and weathering rate of the coarse quartz particles.

3. The estimation method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The content of coarse quartz particles of the selected size in the weathered crust soil is the ratio of the weight of the selected coarse quartz particles to the weight of the eroded soil; the eroded soil is weathered crust soil with a sample plot depth of less than or equal to 20 cm.

4. The estimation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The particle size of the coarse quartz particles corresponding to the maximum surface enrichment rate was selected as the particle size of the selected experimental coarse quartz particles.

5. The estimation method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The selected test quartz coarse particles had a particle size greater than or equal to 5 mm.

6. The estimation method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The formula for calculating the surface enrichment rate is as follows: ER=Ps / Po In the formula, ER is the enrichment rate; Ps and Po are the percentages of the weight of coarse quartz particles of a certain size on the surface and the weight of the weathered crust soil in the corresponding sample plot.

7. The estimation method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The sample plots are located in watershed areas with small or zero catchment areas; The process involves separating coarse quartz particles of different sizes in water.

8. The estimation method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The coarse quartz particles of different sizes include coarse quartz particles with particle sizes greater than 5 mm, 3~5 mm, 2~3 mm, 1~2 mm and 0.5~1 mm respectively.

9. A system for estimating the erosion intensity of a granite weathering crust watershed, characterized in that, The system includes: The sampling module is used to set up quadrats at the watershed of granite weathering crust, and to collect coarse quartz particles from the surface of the quadrats and weathering crust soil at different depths of the quadrats; the coarse quartz particles have a particle size greater than 0.5 mm. The screening module is used to sort coarse quartz particles of different sizes; the particle size of the selected test coarse quartz particles is determined based on the surface enrichment rate of coarse quartz particles of different sizes. The test module is used to conduct sputtering and weathering tests on coarse quartz particles of selected size to obtain the sputtering rate and weathering rate of the coarse quartz particles. The calculation module is used to calculate the erosion intensity of the granite weathering crust watershed based on the selected coarse quartz particles, the enrichment of coarse quartz particles on the surface of the sample plot, the splashing rate and weathering rate of coarse quartz particles, and the content of coarse quartz particles in the weathering crust soil.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the estimation method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

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