A method for evacuating the passenger flow at the train turning-back station during a sudden interruption of subway operation

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for evacuating the passenger flow at the train turning-back station in case of a sudden subway operation interruption, belonging to the field of emergency evacuation for sudden subway interruptions. The method builds a passenger flow evacuation simulation environment for the train turning-back station through relevant data under sudden subway operation interruptions. Under sudden subway operation interruptions, an improved social force model considering passengers' urgent psychology and herd mentality is constructed. Based on the built passenger flow evacuation simulation environment for the train turning-back station and the improved social force model, the bottleneck positions for passenger flow evacuation at the turning-back station are identified, and the layout of in-station facilities is improved to achieve the evacuation of the passenger flow at the train turning-back station in case of a sudden subway operation interruption. The present invention can timely identify the bottleneck positions for passenger flow evacuation at the turning-back station, propose a scheme for improving the layout of in-station facilities, and provide a decision-making basis for the subway management department to formulate a passenger flow evacuation plan after a sudden subway operation interruption.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of emergency evacuation in case of sudden subway interruption, and particularly relates to a method for evacuating the passenger flow at the train turning-back station in case of sudden subway operation interruption. Background Art

[0002] With the growth of travel demand and the expansion of subway network operation, the subway system may face various emergencies during actual operation, resulting in subway service interruption, such as equipment failures, operation accidents, etc. Such interruptions are characterized by short duration, suddenness, information lag, and unpredictability. After the interruption occurs, a large number of passengers will be stranded in the station, prone to congestion, and even cause casualties.

[0003] The evacuation of the passenger flow in the turning-back station in case of sudden subway operation interruption is relatively complex, mainly for the following four reasons. First, when a sudden subway operation interruption occurs, shuttle buses are generally operated in the interrupted section to replace the subway for pedestrian evacuation, and the subway operates in a short-turn mode in the non-interrupted section, which will cause a large number of pedestrians to accumulate at the turning-back station of the train short-turn, that is, at the end point of the interrupted section. Second, the sudden interruption of the subway will lead to a re-selection of the subsequent travel mode of passengers, making the passenger flow direction at the train turning-back station more complex. Third, since the train turning-back station may also be located at a subway transfer station, the addition of transfer passenger flow also has a great impact on the passenger flow evacuation in the turning-back station. Fourth, the choice of the evacuation exit by the passenger flow will be affected by the location where the shuttle bus is operated. Therefore, it is necessary to explore the passenger flow evacuation problem in the turning-back station in case of sudden subway operation interruption.

[0004] At present, most of the research on passenger flow evacuation in subway stations is based on backgrounds such as fires and large passenger flows. In essence, it is to explore how to quickly evacuate passengers to the safety exits. In fact, the situation of passengers choosing travel modes in case of sudden subway interruption is complex, and the passenger flow direction at the turning-back station is more diverse. The existing research results cannot meet the passenger flow evacuation requirements in case of sudden subway interruption. At the same time, after a sudden subway operation interruption, passengers will have a certain sense of urgency and show a certain herd mentality. Therefore, it is of great significance to improve the social force model to fit the actual situation and study the passenger flow evacuation problem in the turning-back station to improve the congestion in the station and reduce the passenger delay. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the problems existing in the background art and provide a method for evacuating the passenger flow at the train turning-back station in case of sudden subway operation interruption, which can effectively provide a decision-making basis for the subway management department to formulate a passenger flow evacuation plan after subway operation interruption.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution of the present invention is: A method for evacuating the passenger flow at the train turning-back station in case of sudden subway operation interruption, including:

[0007] Based on the relevant data during the sudden subway operation interruption, build a passenger flow evacuation simulation environment for the train turning-back station. Under the sudden subway operation interruption, construct an improved social force model considering passengers' urgent psychology and herd mentality;

[0008] Based on the built passenger flow evacuation simulation environment for the train turning-back station and the improved social force model, identify the bottleneck positions of passenger flow evacuation at the turning-back station, improve the layout of in-station facilities, and achieve passenger flow evacuation at the train turning-back station under the sudden subway operation interruption.

[0009] Furthermore, the relevant data during the sudden subway operation interruption includes the relevant basic data of the train turning-back station, that is, after the subway operation interruption, determine the train turning-back station set at the endpoints of the interrupted section when the subway operates with a short-turn service, and obtain the physical environment layout, historical passenger flow card-swipe data, train departure schedule of the subway operating with a short-turn service, rated passenger capacity of the subway, and the exit positions of the connecting buses at the train turning-back station; build a passenger flow evacuation simulation environment for the train turning-back station based on multi-agent simulation software, construct train agents and passenger agents, and determine the passenger flow direction.

[0010] Furthermore, the historical passenger flow card-swipe data needs to be processed by data cleaning, and the specific method is as follows:

[0011] Screen out the passenger flow data during the sudden subway operation interruption according to the arrival time of the train, including the passenger flow data of two lines passing through the transfer station, and clean the passengers entering and leaving at the same station;

[0012] Number the subway stations, program and assign the passenger flow data, determine the passenger flow in the up and down directions of the subway operation line according to the origin and destination of the passenger flow, distinguish the inbound passenger flow, outbound passenger flow, and transfer passenger flow, and combine the passenger card-swipe in and out times to determine the affected passenger flow under the subway operation interruption.

[0013] Furthermore, build a passenger flow evacuation simulation environment for the train turning-back station based on multi-agent simulation software, construct train agents and passenger agents, and determine the passenger flow direction, and the specific method is as follows:

[0014] Set up train agents, select 3D appearances, set the number of train carriages and the rated passenger capacity, determine the subway line direction, set buttons and cooperate with the process library to immediately operate the subway with a short-turn service after the sudden subway operation interruption. In addition, the set buttons also serve as the judgment conditions for passenger flow evacuation;

[0015] Set up passenger agents, select 3D appearances, and set parameters representing the passenger's entry time, entry station number, exit time, exit station number, passenger gender, and passenger walking speed;

[0016] According to the different choices of subsequent travel modes of passengers after a sudden subway operation interruption, set the proportion of passengers' travel choices after the subway operation interruption in the passenger flow evacuation logic diagram to determine the passenger flow direction.

[0017] Furthermore, the subsequent travel modes refer to taking a shuttle bus, taxi, shared bicycle, choosing to bypass via other subway lines, and waiting in place.

[0018] Furthermore, improve the social force model, which is constructed based on the expected speed of passengers corrected by the urgent psychology and herd mentality of affected passengers.

[0019] Furthermore, the improved social force model is expressed as:

[0020]

[0021] Among them, and are the total social force received by the i-th passenger at time t, the self-driving force received by the i-th passenger at time t, the mutual force between passengers i and j at time t, the mutual force between passenger i and the obstacle at time t, and the small perturbation force of the i-th passenger at time t, respectively; , , , , are the mass of the i-th passenger at time t, the corrected expected speed of the i-th passenger at time t, the expected walking direction of the i-th passenger at time t, the actual walking speed of the i-th passenger at time t, and the movement relaxation time of the i-th passenger, respectively;

[0022] When the subway suddenly interrupts, the walking speed of passengers during the evacuation process will be different from the normal walking speed due to the urgent psychology and herd mentality. The corrected expected speed is expressed as:

[0023]

[0024] Among them, is the herd coefficient, and its value range is [0, 1]. is the expected speed of passengers corrected considering the urgent psychology of passengers. is the average speed of other passengers except i within a radius of 2m with passenger i as the origin.

[0025] The expected speed of passengers corrected considering the urgent psychology of passengers is expressed as:

[0026]

[0027] Among them, is the psychological pressure of passengers at time t, and its value range is [0, 1]. is the walking speed of passengers when there is no pressure, is the walking speed of passengers under full pressure, is the psychological pressure of passengers caused by the residence time at time t, is the local density at time t causing psychological pressure on passengers.

[0028] Furthermore, The value of is obtained by the Sigmoid function.

[0029] Furthermore, the method for identifying the bottleneck position of passenger flow evacuation at the turnback station and improving the layout of in-station facilities is as follows:

[0030] Input the train departure schedule data of the subway operating with a short turnback, the historical passenger flow card-swipe data after data cleaning and processing, and the expected speed of passengers corrected based on the urgent psychology and herd mentality of affected passengers into the passenger flow evacuation simulation environment of the train turnback station built;

[0031] Statistically analyze the evacuation time T of passengers from getting off the train to leaving the station within the train turnback station;

[0032] Set a heat map to identify congested areas, set rectangular nodes in the congested areas, and calculate the passenger density at the bottleneck position of evacuation ;

[0033] Improve the layout of in-station facilities for the bottleneck position of evacuation.

[0034] Furthermore, it also includes: Based on the improved layout of in-station facilities, rebuild the passenger flow evacuation simulation environment of the train turnback station, and input the train departure schedule data of the subway operating with a short turnback, the historical passenger flow card-swipe data after data cleaning and processing, and the expected speed of passengers corrected based on the urgent psychology and herd mentality of affected passengers into the rebuilt passenger flow evacuation simulation environment of the train turnback station, and analyze the changes in passenger flow evacuation time, the number of evacuation bottlenecks, the bottleneck duration, and the changes in passenger density within the bottleneck, so as to evaluate the effectiveness of the improved layout of in-station facilities.

[0035] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The method of the present invention builds a passenger flow evacuation simulation environment of the train turnback station through relevant data under sudden subway operation interruption, analyzes the affected passenger flow data, and considers the urgent psychology and herd mentality of passengers to improve the social force model under the environment of sudden subway operation interruption, thus being more in line with the actual situation, can timely identify the bottleneck position of passenger flow evacuation at the turnback station, propose a plan to improve the layout of in-station facilities, provide a decision-making basis for the subway management department to formulate a passenger flow evacuation plan after sudden subway operation interruption, and the passenger flow evacuation modeling of the train turnback station under sudden subway operation interruption of the present invention provides a data basis for subsequent passenger flow evacuation by optimizing the feeder bus scheduling strategy outside the station. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0036] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of the passenger flow evacuation method at the train turning-back station based on the improved social force model provided by the embodiment of the present invention under the sudden operation interruption of the subway;

[0037] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the improved social force model;

[0038] Figure 3 It is a layout diagram of the physical environment of a certain subway station;

[0039] Figure 4 It is a simulation operation diagram of a certain subway station without implementing improvement measures;

[0040] Figure 5 It is a simulation operation diagram of a certain subway station after implementing improvement measures. Detailed Implementation Manner

[0041] The technical solution of the present invention will be specifically described below with reference to the drawings.

[0042] The present invention provides a passenger flow evacuation method at the train turning-back station under the sudden operation interruption of the subway, including:

[0043] Build a passenger flow evacuation simulation environment for the train turning-back station through relevant data under the sudden operation interruption of the subway. Under the sudden operation interruption of the subway, build an improved social force model considering the urgent psychology and herd mentality of passengers;

[0044] Based on the built passenger flow evacuation simulation environment and improved social force model for the train turning-back station, identify the bottleneck positions of passenger flow evacuation at the turning-back station, improve the layout of in-station facilities, and realize the passenger flow evacuation at the train turning-back station under the sudden operation interruption of the subway.

[0045] The following is the specific implementation process of the present invention.

[0046] As Figure 1 shown, a passenger flow evacuation method at the train turning-back station under the sudden operation interruption of the subway according to the present invention includes the following steps:

[0047] S1. Determine the train turning-back station and obtain relevant basic data; determining the train turning-back station means the train turning-back station set at the end point of the interrupted section by running a small loop line after the subway operation is interrupted. Since the transfer station is often used as the train turning-back station and the passenger flow direction is more complex, the present invention selects the transfer station as the turning-back station for research. The relevant basic data includes the area of the concourse and platform levels of the turning-back station, the number and width of the entrance and exit gates, the number and width of escalators, stairs, and elevators, as well as the layout of other physical environments in the station, historical passenger flow card-swipe data, the train departure schedule of the small loop line of the subway, the rated passenger capacity of the subway, and the exit location of the connecting bus.

[0048] Among them, the location of the train turnaround station is determined by the interruption location and the structural design of the subway station; the physical environment layout data in the turnaround station is obtained from the CAD drawings provided by the subway design and planning department; the historical passenger flow card-swipe data, the departure schedule of the subway operating on a short turn-back route, the rated passenger capacity of the subway, and the exit locations of the connecting buses are provided by the subway operation and management department.

[0049] S2. Clean and process the passenger flow data. Divide the passenger flow into up and down directions according to the origin and destination of the passenger flow, and determine the passenger flow affected by the subway operation interruption.

[0050] 1) Screen out the passenger flow data during the interruption time according to the arrival time of the train, including the passenger flow data of two lines passing through the transfer station, and clean the passengers entering and leaving at the same station.

[0051] 2) Number the subway stations, program and assign the passenger flow data. Determine the passenger flow in the up and down directions of the subway operation line according to the origin and destination of the passenger flow, distinguish the inbound passenger flow, outbound passenger flow, and transfer passenger flow, and combine the passenger card-swipe in and out times to determine the passenger flow affected by the subway operation interruption.

[0052] Among them, the processing of the passenger flow data can rely on data processing software such as Excel and Python.

[0053] S3. Consider the urgent psychology and herd mentality of the affected passengers to correct the expected speed of the passengers and improve the social force model. The schematic diagram of this step is as Figure 2 shown;

[0054] 1) The improved social force model is expressed as:

[0055]

[0056] Among them, and are the total social force received by the i-th passenger at time t, the self-driving force received by the i-th passenger at time t, the mutual force between passengers i and j at time t, the mutual force between passenger i and the obstacle at time t, and the small perturbation force of the i-th passenger at time t, respectively; , , , , are the mass of the i-th passenger at time t, the corrected expected speed of the i-th passenger at time t, the expected walking direction of the i-th passenger at time t, the actual walking speed of the i-th passenger at time t, and the motion relaxation time of the i-th passenger, respectively.

[0057] 2) When the subway suddenly breaks down, passengers' walking speed during evacuation will differ from their normal walking speed due to urgency and herd mentality. The corrected expected speed is expressed as:

[0058]

[0059] Among them, is the herd coefficient, with a value range in [0, 1], is the corrected passenger expected speed considering passengers' urgency psychology, is the average speed of other passengers except i within a range of 2m with passenger i as the origin.

[0060] 3) The corrected passenger expected speed considering passengers' urgency psychology is expressed as:

[0061]

[0062] Among them, is the psychological pressure of passengers at time t, with a value range in [0, 1], is the walking speed of passengers without pressure, is the walking speed of passengers under full pressure, is the psychological pressure of passengers caused by the residence time at time t, is the local density at time t causing psychological pressure to passengers. The value of can be obtained by the Sigmoid function.

[0063] S4. Build a simulation environment for the turn-back station based on the multi-agent simulation software AnyLogic, construct train agents and passenger agents, and determine the passenger flow direction;

[0064] 1) Build a simulation environment for the turn-back station based on the multi-agent simulation software AnyLogic. In this embodiment, a certain subway station is selected as an example, as Figure 3 shown, and it is drawn according to the CAD drawing provided by the subway planning and design department.

[0065] 2) Set the train agent, select the 3D appearance, set the number of train carriages and the maximum passenger capacity, determine the subway line direction, and set buttons to cooperate with the process library to immediately operate a small subway loop after a sudden subway operation interruption. In addition, the button also serves as a judgment condition for passenger flow evacuation;

[0066] 3) Set the passenger agent, select the 3D appearance, and set parameters representing the passenger's entry time, entry station number, exit time, exit station number, passenger gender, and passenger walking speed;

[0067] 4) According to the different choices of passengers' subsequent travel modes after a sudden subway operation interruption, set the proportion of passengers' travel choices after the subway operation interruption in the passenger flow evacuation logic diagram to determine the passenger flow direction. The subsequent travel modes refer to taking shuttle buses, taxis, shared bicycles, choosing to bypass via other subway lines, and waiting in place.

[0068] S5. Input the simulation data, identify the bottleneck positions for in-station evacuation, and improve the layout of in-station facilities. The simulation operation diagram without improving the layout of in-station facilities is as Figure 4 shown ( Figure 4 in which A, B, C, D2, D3, E, G, H respectively represent the entrances and exits);

[0069] 1) Input the departure schedule data of the subway operating on a short turn, the processed passenger flow data, and the corrected expected passenger speed into the simulation model;

[0070] 2) Run the model and count the evacuation time T (unit: min) of passengers from getting off the train to leaving the station in the reverse station;

[0071] 3) Set a heat map to identify the congested areas in the model, set rectangular nodes in the congested areas, and calculate the passenger density of the evacuation bottleneck , unit: p / m 2 ;

[0072] 4) Improve the layout of in-station facilities for the evacuation bottleneck positions. Since the subway operation interruption leads to a sharp increase in transfer passenger flow and outbound passenger flow, while the inbound passenger flow decreases, the direction of the escalator can be adjusted to guide and control the passenger flow in advance on the transfer route, and the direction of the turnstiles for entering and leaving the station can be adjusted to increase the number of outbound turnstiles near the exit for taking shuttle buses to evacuate the passenger flow.

[0073] S6. Obtain the passenger evacuation time and the passenger density at the bottleneck position after applying the improvement measures, evaluate the effectiveness of the improvement measures. The simulation operation diagram for improving the layout of in-station facilities is as Figure 5 shown ( Figure 5 in which A, B, C, D2, D3, E, G, H respectively represent the entrances and exits).

[0074] 1) Set the improvement measures in the simulation model and repeat the content of 2) to 3) in S5;

[0075] 2) Compare the indicators obtained in 1) with those in 2) to 3) in S5, analyze the changes in the passenger flow evacuation time, the number of evacuation bottlenecks, the bottleneck duration, and the passenger density within the bottleneck, so as to evaluate the effectiveness of the improvement measures.

[0076] The above are the preferred embodiments of the present invention. All changes made according to the technical solution of the present invention, as long as the functions and effects produced do not exceed the scope of the technical solution of the present invention, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for evacuating passengers from a train turnaround station when a subway operation is suddenly interrupted, characterized in that: include: Through the relevant data of sudden subway operation interruption, a passenger evacuation simulation environment of the train turnaround station is built. Under the sudden subway operation interruption, an improved social force model considering the passengers' urgency and herd mentality is constructed; The improved social force model is expressed as: in, and are the sum of the social forces on the ith passenger at time t, the self-driving force on the ith passenger at time t, the interaction force between passengers i and j at time t, and the force between passenger i and the obstacle at time t. The interaction force between them and the small disturbance force of the i-th passenger at time t; , , , , are the mass of the ith passenger at time t, the corrected expected speed of the ith passenger at time t, the expected walking direction of the ith passenger at time t, the actual walking speed of the ith passenger at time t, and the motion relaxation time of the ith passenger; When the subway is interrupted suddenly, the passengers' walking speed during the evacuation process will differ from the normal walking speed due to urgency and herd mentality. The corrected expected speed is expressed as: in, is the conformity coefficient, and its value range is [0, 1]. The expected speed of passengers is adjusted to take into account the urgency of passengers. is the average speed of passengers other than passenger i within a radius of 2 m with passenger i as the origin; The modified passenger expected speed after considering the passenger's urgency is expressed as: in, is the psychological pressure of passengers at time t, with a value range of [0, 1], is the passenger's walking speed when there is no pressure, is the passenger travel speed under full pressure, is the psychological pressure of passengers caused by the detention time at time t, is the local density at time t The psychological stress caused to passengers; Based on the built passenger evacuation simulation environment of the train turnaround station and the improved social force model, the bottleneck location of passenger evacuation at the turnaround station is identified, the layout of facilities in the station is improved, and the passenger evacuation at the train turnaround station in case of sudden operation interruption of the subway is realized; Relevant data under sudden subway operation interruption, including relevant basic data of train turnaround stations, that is, after the subway operation is interrupted, determine the train turnaround stations set up at the end points of the interrupted section of the subway short route, and obtain the train turnaround stations including the physical environment layout, historical passenger card swiping data, train departure schedules for short subway routes, rated passenger capacity of the subway, and exit locations for connecting buses; build a passenger evacuation simulation environment for the train turnaround station based on multi-agent simulation software, construct train agents and passenger agents, and determine the passenger flow direction.

2. The method for evacuating passengers from a train turnaround station when a subway operation is suddenly interrupted according to claim 1, characterized in that: The historical passenger flow card swiping data needs to be cleaned, the specific method is as follows: Filter out the passenger flow data during the sudden operation interruption of the subway according to the train arrival time, including the passenger flow data of the two lines passing through the transfer station, and clean up the passengers entering and leaving the same station; Number and process subway stations, assign passenger flow data by programming, determine the passenger flow in the up and down directions of the subway operating lines according to the starting and ending points of the passenger flow, distinguish between inbound passenger flow, outbound passenger flow, and transfer passenger flow, and determine the passenger flow affected by subway operation interruption based on the time when passengers swipe their cards in and out of the station.

3. The method for evacuating passengers from a train turnaround station when a subway operation is suddenly interrupted according to claim 1, characterized in that: Based on the multi-agent simulation software, a passenger evacuation simulation environment for the train turnaround station is built, train agents and passenger agents are constructed, and passenger flow directions are determined. The specific methods are as follows: Set up the train intelligent body, select the 3D appearance, set the number of train cars and the rated passenger capacity, determine the direction of the subway line, set up buttons and cooperate with the process library to realize the immediate opening of the subway short route after the sudden operation of the subway is interrupted. In addition, the set buttons are also used as the judgment conditions for passenger evacuation; Set up the passenger agent, select the 3D appearance, and set parameters to represent the passenger's entry time, entry station number, exit time, exit station number, passenger gender, and passenger walking speed; According to the different subsequent travel modes chosen by passengers after the sudden interruption of subway operations, the travel choice ratio of passengers after the interruption of subway operations is set in the passenger evacuation logic diagram to determine the passenger flow direction.

4. The method for evacuating passengers from a train turnaround station when a sudden operation interruption occurs in a subway according to claim 3, characterized in that: The subsequent travel methods mentioned above include taking shuttle buses, taxis, shared bicycles, choosing other subway lines to detour, and waiting in place.

5. The method for evacuating passengers from a train turnaround station when a subway operation is suddenly interrupted according to claim 1, characterized in that: An improved social force model is constructed based on the urgency of the affected passengers and the expected speed of the passengers modified by the herd mentality.

6. The method for evacuating passengers from a train turnaround station when a sudden operation interruption occurs in a subway according to claim 1, characterized in that: The value of is obtained by the Sigmoid function.

7. The method for evacuating passengers from a train turnaround station when a subway operation is suddenly interrupted according to claim 1, characterized in that: Identify the bottleneck location of passenger flow evacuation at the turnaround station and improve the layout of facilities in the station by: The train departure timetable data of the subway's small routes, the historical passenger card swiping data after data cleaning, and the expected speed of passengers corrected based on the urgency and herd mentality of the affected passengers are input into the passenger evacuation simulation environment of the train turnaround station; Count the evacuation time T of passengers from getting off the train to leaving the station at the train turnaround station; Set up a heat map, identify congested areas, set rectangular nodes in the congested areas, and calculate the passenger density at the evacuation bottleneck location ; Improve the layout of station facilities according to evacuation bottleneck locations.

8. The method for evacuating passengers from a train turnaround station when a sudden operation interruption occurs in a subway according to claim 7, characterized in that: Also includes: Based on the improved layout of station facilities, the passenger evacuation simulation environment of the train turnaround station was rebuilt, and the train departure timetable data of the subway's small routes, the historical passenger card swiping data that had been processed by data cleaning, and the expected speed of passengers corrected based on the urgency and herd mentality of the affected passengers were input into the rebuilt passenger evacuation simulation environment of the train turnaround station. The changes in the evacuation time of the passenger flow, the changes in the number of evacuation bottlenecks, the duration of the bottlenecks, and the changes in the passenger density in the bottlenecks were analyzed to evaluate the effectiveness of the improved layout of station facilities.

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