A method and system for dynamic water launch management control of a hydrogen fuel cell engine

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method and system for dynamic water management control of a hydrogen fuel cell engine. The present invention includes establishing a first relationship model between the oxygen partial pressure at the cathode outlet, the cathode outlet pressure, the cathode stoichiometric ratio and the parameter containing the partial pressure of water vapor in the cathode intake airflow; establishing a second relationship model between the cathode outlet humidity, the cathode stoichiometric ratio, the cathode outlet pressure and the parameter containing the partial pressure of water vapor in the cathode intake airflow; obtaining a first variation curve of the cathode outlet humidity with the cathode stoichiometric ratio and the cathode outlet pressure, and a second variation curve of the oxygen partial pressure at the cathode outlet with the cathode stoichiometric ratio and the cathode outlet pressure; determining the optimal cathode stoichiometric ratio and cathode outlet pressure combination parameters according to the first variation curve and the second variation curve. By establishing a physical model to find the optimal cathode air flow and cathode outlet pressure parameter combination, the stack can be operated in a comfortable state.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of fuel cells, and in particular to a method and system for dynamic water launch management control of a hydrogen fuel cell engine. Background Art

[0002] In response to increasingly severe environmental problems, people are increasingly favoring cleaner power sources as vehicle power sources. Compared with fuel vehicles, gas vehicles and energy storage batteries, fuel cell devices, especially hydrogen fuel cell engines, are obviously more in line with future development trends. Fuel cells are electrochemical power generation devices that directly convert the chemical energy of gases into electrical energy. They have the advantages of zero emissions, high efficiency, and fast dynamic response. They are considered to be one of the most promising clean energy conversion devices. As the transportation sector is the main source of carbon emissions, fuel cell systems have great potential in the field of vehicle transportation applications.

[0003] The automotive fuel cell power system is an important part of the fuel cell vehicle (FCV), which is mainly composed of the stack, anode subsystem, air subsystem, thermal management subsystem and electrical and control subsystem. The stack is the place where the electrochemical reaction occurs, generating water, electricity and heat. In the actual operation process, the anode and cathode subsystems provide hydrogen to the anode of the stack and air to the cathode to ensure normal electrochemical reactions. The thermal management system is mainly to ensure that the stack operates at a suitable temperature and keeps the stack in a comfortable state. The actual operation of the automotive fuel cell system includes multiple states such as startup, load addition / reduction, and shutdown. Under different operating conditions and actual environments, it is extremely important to provide the stack with appropriate gas parameters to ensure that the system can output electricity normally. Therefore, it is of great significance to ensure that the system is in a comfortable condition under different operating conditions and environmental conditions to ensure its reliability and durability, which is of great significance to the widespread use of fuel cell vehicles.

[0004] Reference Figure 2 As shown, the fuel cell system is divided into four major subsystems that work around the battery stack, namely:

[0005] The air subsystem (AirS) provides the necessary oxygen to the cathode side of the fuel cell stack for the electrochemical reaction of the fuel cell stack.

[0006] The hydrogen subsystem (HyS) provides the required hydrogen to the anode side of the fuel cell stack for electrochemical reactions in the fuel cell stack.

[0007] The electrical subsystem (ElecS) is responsible for managing the various sensors of the electronic control system and the control of the battery stack current.

[0008] The thermal management subsystem (ThS) is mainly responsible for controlling the water temperature of the fuel cell stack.

[0009] In the vehicle, the electrical system also controls the charging and discharging of the battery and provides the corresponding power P to the drive system motor. drive During vehicle operation, a vehicle controller VCU is needed to optimize the energy management between the fuel cell system (FCS) and the battery, which is called "power distribution".

[0010] Reference Figure 3 As shown in the figure, the performance requirement parameters of the current technology stack are the results of tests under steady state, such as cooling water temperature, gas pressure, gas flow, and humidity requirements. The usual practice is to adjust the operating current I, cathode / anode pressure p one by one. ca / p an , Cooling water temperature T cool 、Humidity of cathode and anode RH ca / RH an and stoichiometric λ ca / λ an The optimal combination of parameters is found by calculating the optimal combination of parameters. However, in the actual vehicle operation process, when multiple parameters are coupled, it is not necessarily the optimal combination of variables. The current fuel cell control model does not give the optimal combination of control variables according to the real-time operating conditions. The existing technology has the following defects:

[0011] Most of the current experiments are conducted under static conditions, which cannot fully represent the actual operation of the system in the vehicle because the vehicle contains a large number of dynamic loads. The current system pays little attention to the dynamic downforce and air changes with the current, the distribution of gas inside the stack, and the transfer of membrane water content, which makes the stack prone to over-drying or flooding during the transient process at the system level, affecting the service life of the system.

[0012] The rapid changes in load under dynamic conditions lead to insufficient rapid fluctuations in the gas supply stoichiometric ratio, internal temperature, and pressure, which have the following impacts on the fuel cell stack: load changes in water production and heat production, resulting in heat / humidity changes; dynamic demand for gas supply may lead to insufficient gas supply during loading; voltage cycling of dynamic loads can cause catalyst degradation. Summary of the invention

[0013] To this end, the present invention provides a method and system for dynamic water management control of a hydrogen fuel cell engine. Based on the fact that the fuel cell stack experiences dry-wet cycles under current dynamic operating conditions, water flooding or membrane drying may occur, resulting in reduced fuel cell performance and even mechanical stress and electrochemical performance degradation of the proton exchange membrane, a water management model under dynamic conditions is developed to adjust the air flow and gas pressure in real time to ensure the humidity of the fuel cell stack and the flow required for the gas reaction, thereby preventing the stack from becoming too dry or entering a dry-wet cycle.

[0014] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a method for dynamic water discharge management and control of a hydrogen fuel cell engine, which is applied to a fuel cell system and comprises:

[0015] Obtain a parameter Ψ containing the partial pressure of water vapor in the cathode intake air flow in the fuel cell system, wherein the parameter Ψ containing the partial pressure of water vapor in the cathode intake air flow is based on the cathode intake pressure p in and the partial pressure of water vapor in the cathode inlet pressure;

[0016] Establishing the oxygen partial pressure at the cathode outlet Cathode outlet pressure p ca,out , cathode stoichiometric ratio λ ca a first relationship model with the parameter Ψ comprising the partial pressure of water vapor in the cathode inlet gas stream;

[0017] Establish cathode outlet humidity a out , cathode stoichiometric ratio λ ca , cathode outlet pressure p ca,out and a second relationship model between the parameter Ψ comprising the partial pressure of water vapor in the cathode inlet gas stream;

[0018] Based on the first relationship model and the second relationship model, the cathode outlet humidity a is obtained. out With the cathode stoichiometric ratio λ ca and cathode outlet pressure p ca,out The first variation curve of the oxygen partial pressure at the cathode outlet With the cathode stoichiometric ratio λ ca and cathode outlet pressure p ca,out The second variation curve of

[0019] According to the first variation curve and the second variation curve, an optimal cathode stoichiometric ratio λ is determined. ca and cathode outlet pressure p ca,out combination of parameters.

[0020] In one embodiment of the present invention, the optimal cathode stoichiometric ratio λ is determined according to the first variation curve and the second variation curve. ca and cathode outlet pressure p ca,out The combination of parameters includes:

[0021] Set the target cathode outlet humidity a target and the oxygen partial pressure at the target cathode outlet

[0022] By obtaining the intersection of the first variation curve and the second variation curve, the optimal cathode stoichiometric ratio λ is determined. ca and cathode outlet pressure p ca,outcombination of parameters.

[0023] In one embodiment of the present invention, the expression of the parameter Ψ comprising the partial pressure of water vapor in the cathode inlet air flow is:

[0024]

[0025] Among them, p in is the cathode inlet pressure, is the partial pressure of water vapor in the cathode inlet pressure.

[0026] In one embodiment of the present invention, the first relationship model expression is:

[0027]

[0028] Or as:

[0029]

[0030] Among them, λ ca is the cathode stoichiometric ratio; is the oxygen partial pressure at the cathode outlet; is the oxygen partial pressure at the target cathode outlet; is the mole fraction of oxygen; ca is the cathode stoichiometric ratio; Indicates that the previous formula is defined as the next formula.

[0031] In one embodiment of the present invention, the second relational model expression is:

[0032]

[0033] Among them, a target is the target cathode outlet humidity; a out is the cathode outlet humidity; ca is the cathode stoichiometric ratio; is the mole fraction of nitrogen; is the mole fraction of oxygen; p ca,out is the cathode outlet pressure; is the saturated vapor pressure at the cathode outlet; Indicates that the previous formula is defined as the next formula.

[0034] In one embodiment of the present invention, it also includes:

[0035] The current I and cathode outlet temperature T ca,out As the fuel cell system input parameters.

[0036] The present invention also provides a dynamic water launch management control system for a hydrogen fuel cell engine, comprising:

[0037] The first relationship model building module is used to obtain a parameter Ψ containing the partial pressure of water vapor in the cathode intake air flow in the fuel cell system, wherein the parameter Ψ containing the partial pressure of water vapor in the cathode intake air flow is based on the cathode intake pressure p in The partial pressure of water vapor in the cathode inlet pressure is obtained; the oxygen partial pressure at the cathode outlet is established Cathode outlet pressure p ca,out , cathode stoichiometric ratio λ ca a first relationship model with the parameter Ψ comprising the partial pressure of water vapor in the cathode inlet gas stream;

[0038] The second relationship model building module is used to establish the cathode outlet humidity a out , cathode stoichiometric ratio λ ca , cathode outlet pressure p ca,out and a second relationship model between the parameter Ψ comprising the partial pressure of water vapor in the cathode inlet gas stream;

[0039] The first change curve and the second change curve establish a model, and based on the first relationship model and the second relationship model, the cathode outlet humidity a is obtained. out With the cathode stoichiometric ratio λ ca and cathode outlet pressure p ca,out The first variation curve of the oxygen partial pressure at the cathode outlet With the cathode stoichiometric ratio λ ca and cathode outlet pressure p ca,out The second variation curve of

[0040] The optimal combined parameter acquisition module is used to determine the optimal cathode stoichiometric ratio λ according to the first change curve and the second change curve. ca and cathode outlet pressure p ca,out combination of parameters.

[0041] The above technical solution of the present invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0042] The present invention discloses a method and system for dynamic water discharge management control of a hydrogen fuel cell engine. According to the current and cathode outlet temperature, a physical model is established to find the best parameter combination of cathode air flow and cathode outlet pressure, so that the fuel cell stack can operate in a comfortable state.

[0043] The present invention improves the stability of the water content in the proton exchange membrane under dynamic conditions, avoids water absorption and dehydration of the water content in the proton exchange membrane under dynamic conditions, avoids mechanical damage caused by the membrane entering a contraction and expansion cycle, avoids the problems of membrane thinning, pinholes and cracks, thereby reducing the aging problem of the battery stack and increasing the life of the fuel cell system.

[0044] The present invention utilizes an advanced water management model under dynamic working conditions to calculate the required air flow in real time according to changes in system current and temperature, thereby avoiding insufficient gas supply and resulting in gas starvation as much as possible. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0045] In order to make the contents of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below based on specific embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0046] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of the dynamic water launching management control method for a hydrogen fuel cell engine according to the present invention.

[0047] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the fuel cell system structure.

[0048] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the main control parameters of the fuel cell.

[0049] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the water management model of the fuel cell system in the present invention.

[0050] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram for finding the best parameter combination point based on the model.

[0051] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the comparative test before and after model optimization. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments so that those skilled in the art can better understand the present invention and implement it, but the embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0053] In the present invention, "several" means one or more, "multiple" means more than two, "greater than", "less than", "exceed" and the like are understood to exclude the number itself; "above", "below", "within" and the like are understood to include the number itself. In the description of the present invention, if there is a description of "first" or "second", it is only used for the purpose of distinguishing technical features, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features or implicitly indicating the order of the indicated technical features.

[0054] Example 1

[0055] Reference Figure 1 As shown, a dynamic water discharge management control method for a hydrogen fuel cell engine of the present invention is applied to a fuel cell system, comprising the following steps:

[0056] S1. Obtaining a parameter Ψ containing the partial pressure of water vapor in the cathode intake airflow in the fuel cell system, wherein the parameter Ψ containing the partial pressure of water vapor in the cathode intake airflow is based on the cathode intake pressure p in And the partial pressure of water vapor in the cathode inlet pressure is obtained.

[0057] The expression for the parameter Ψ, which includes the partial pressure of water vapor in the cathode inlet air flow, is:

[0058]

[0059] Among them, p in is the cathode inlet pressure, is the partial pressure of water vapor in the cathode inlet pressure.

[0060] Establishing the oxygen partial pressure at the cathode outlet Cathode outlet pressure p ca,out , cathode stoichiometric ratio λ ca A first relationship model with the parameter Ψ comprising the partial pressure of water vapor in the cathode inlet gas stream.

[0061] Since oxygen is continuously consumed in the channel, the oxygen partial pressure at the cathode outlet is the lowest, so the target oxygen partial pressure at the cathode outlet is defined here: Oxygen partial pressure at cathode outlet Based on the molar flux balance, the first relationship model expression is obtained as follows:

[0062]

[0063] In order to achieve a certain target oxygen partial pressure at the cathode outlet The required cathode stoichiometry λ is calculated by ca : or as:

[0064]

[0065] Among them, λ ca is the cathode stoichiometric ratio; is the oxygen partial pressure at the cathode outlet; is the oxygen partial pressure at the target cathode outlet; is the mole fraction of oxygen; ca is the cathode stoichiometric ratio; Indicates that the previous formula is defined as the next formula.

[0066] S2. Establish cathode outlet humidity aout , cathode stoichiometric ratio λ ca , cathode outlet pressure p ca,out and a second relationship model between the parameter Ψ comprising the partial pressure of water vapor in the cathode intake air flow.

[0067] Cathode outlet humidity a out It is derived from the molar flux balance, and the second relationship model expression is:

[0068]

[0069] Among them, a target is the target cathode outlet humidity; a out is the cathode outlet humidity; ca is the cathode stoichiometric ratio; is the mole fraction of nitrogen; is the mole fraction of oxygen; p ca,out is the cathode outlet pressure; is the saturated vapor pressure at the cathode outlet; Indicates that the previous formula is defined as the next formula.

[0070] S3. Based on the first relationship model and the second relationship model, obtain the cathode outlet humidity a out With the cathode stoichiometric ratio λ ca and cathode outlet pressure p ca,out The first variation curve of the oxygen partial pressure at the cathode outlet With the cathode stoichiometric ratio λ ca and cathode outlet pressure p ca,out The second variation curve.

[0071] S4. Determine the optimal cathode stoichiometric ratio λ according to the first variation curve and the second variation curve. ca and cathode outlet pressure p ca,out Specifically, by obtaining the intersection of the first variation curve and the second variation curve, the optimal cathode stoichiometric ratio λ is determined. ca and cathode outlet pressure p ca,out combination of parameters.

[0072] By establishing a parameter combination model of cathode air flow and cathode outlet pressure, the optimal parameter combination can be calculated according to the real-time changes of current and cathode outlet temperature, so that the fuel cell system always operates in a "comfortable state". Under dynamic conditions, the air flow and pressure can be adjusted in real time to avoid gas starvation and local reactant shortages caused by insufficient gas supply, thereby improving the reliability of fuel cell operation.

[0073] Reference Figure 4As shown in the above method, the current I and the cathode outlet temperature T ca,out As the input parameters of the fuel cell system, the cathode stoichiometric ratio and the most important boundary conditions of pressure, temperature and current have a significant impact on the humidity distribution inside the fuel cell through the analysis of the influencing factors of the fuel cell stack. Current and cathode outlet temperature are used as input parameters, and the target cathode outlet humidity a is set. target and the oxygen partial pressure at the target cathode outlet The optimal cathode stoichiometric ratio and cathode outlet pressure combination parameters are calculated by the model. Among them, the target cathode outlet humidity a target Used to keep the membrane fully hydrated; target oxygen partial pressure at cathode outlet Used to avoid high concentration losses or even local reactant starvation.

[0074] Reference Figure 5 As shown, at the intersection of the first variation curve and the second variation curve, the two target values ​​(i.e., the target cathode outlet humidity a target and the oxygen partial pressure at the target cathode outlet ) are met. The air system (AirS) is set according to this cathode outlet pressure and stoichiometric ratio to ensure the robust operation of the fuel cell stack. For example, under the conditions of cathode outlet temperature of 65°C and ambient humidity of 10%, assuming that no humidification is performed in the air system (AirS), the target value is Figure 5 The pressure-stoichiometric ratio diagram is shown in the figure.

[0075] Figure 6 The figure shows the before and after comparison test of the water management optimization method proposed in the present invention on the performance parameters of the fuel cell stack under dynamic conditions. norm (current) and T cool，in (cooling water temperature) is the control boundary, p ca,in (cathode inlet pressure) and λ ca (cathode stoichiometric ratio) is the input parameter; the output is the U of the stack under this operating condition boundary. stack (stack voltage), HFR value (represents the dryness and wetness of the stack. The higher the HFR value, the drier the stack. The goal is to ensure that the humidity remains constant during the dynamic changes of the stack), p net,norm The solid line (blue) in the figure represents the parameter response after model optimization, and the dotted line (red) represents the response under the existing parameter control strategy.

[0076] It can be seen that through the optimization input parameter combination method of the present invention, the performance of the fuel cell stack is better than before optimization (in terms of power, the power output of the fuel cell stack is high under the same current), and the HFR value remains stable, indicating that the fuel cell stack will not experience dry-wet cycles, which is beneficial to the durability of the fuel cell stack.

[0077] It should be noted that the present invention mainly emphasizes that the current system parameters of the fuel cell are tested under steady-state conditions. By changing the parameters, the parameter combination that meets the system performance and the requirements of the fuel cell stack is found. In the actual operation process, the load is always changing dynamically, and the real-time water temperature, gas temperature, gas pressure, and gas flow are changing, which is not necessarily the best matching combination.

[0078] The present invention dynamically finds the optimal cathode stoichiometric ratio λ in real time according to the model and parameter input. ca and cathode outlet pressure p ca,out The combined parameters are used to improve the water management of the system and avoid dry-wet cycles in the fuel cell stack as much as possible, thereby increasing the life of the fuel cell stack.

[0079] Example 2

[0080] Based on the same inventive concept, this embodiment provides a dynamic water launch management control system for a hydrogen fuel cell engine. The principle of solving the problem is similar to the dynamic water launch management control method for a hydrogen fuel cell engine, and the repeated parts will not be repeated.

[0081] This embodiment provides a dynamic water launch management control system for a hydrogen fuel cell engine, comprising:

[0082] The first relationship model building module is used to obtain a parameter Ψ containing the partial pressure of water vapor in the cathode intake air flow in the fuel cell system, wherein the parameter Ψ containing the partial pressure of water vapor in the cathode intake air flow is based on the cathode intake pressure p in The partial pressure of water vapor in the cathode inlet pressure is obtained; the oxygen partial pressure at the cathode outlet is established Cathode outlet pressure p ca,out , cathode stoichiometric ratio λ ca a first relationship model with the parameter Ψ comprising the partial pressure of water vapor in the cathode inlet gas stream;

[0083] The second relationship model building module is used to establish the cathode outlet humidity a out , cathode stoichiometric ratio λ ca , cathode outlet pressure p ca,out and a second relationship model between the parameter Ψ comprising the partial pressure of water vapor in the cathode inlet gas stream;

[0084] The first change curve and the second change curve establish a model, and based on the first relationship model and the second relationship model, the cathode outlet humidity a is obtained. out With the cathode stoichiometric ratio λ ca and cathode outlet pressure p ca,out The first variation curve of the oxygen partial pressure at the cathode outlet With the cathode stoichiometric ratio λca and cathode outlet pressure p ca,out The second variation curve of

[0085] The optimal combined parameter acquisition module is used to determine the optimal cathode stoichiometric ratio λ according to the first change curve and the second change curve. ca and cathode outlet pressure p ca,out combination of parameters.

[0086] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that embodiments of the present invention may be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present invention may take the form of a complete hardware embodiment, a complete software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware. Moreover, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0087] The present invention is described with reference to flowcharts and / or block diagrams of methods, devices (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that each process and / or block in the flowchart and / or block diagram, as well as the combination of processes and / or blocks in the flowchart and / or block diagram, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, an embedded processor, or other programmable data processing device to produce a machine, so that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing device generate instructions for implementing the processes in the flowchart and / or block diagram. Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in a block or multiple blocks.

[0088] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory capable of directing a computer or other programmable data processing device to operate in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture comprising an instruction device, which implements the process Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A function specified in one or more boxes.

[0089] These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device so that a series of operating steps are executed on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions for implementing the process in the computer or other programmable device. Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps for the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0090] Finally, it should be noted that the above specific implementation methods are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to examples, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solution of the present invention can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention, which should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for dynamic water discharge management and control of a hydrogen fuel cell engine, applied to a fuel cell system, characterized in that: include: Obtain a parameter Ψ containing the partial pressure of water vapor in the cathode intake air flow in the fuel cell system, wherein the parameter Ψ containing the partial pressure of water vapor in the cathode intake air flow is based on the cathode intake pressure p in and the partial pressure of water vapor in the cathode inlet pressure; Establishing the oxygen partial pressure at the cathode outlet Cathode outlet pressure p ca,out , cathode stoichiometric ratio λ ca a first relationship model with the parameter Ψ comprising the partial pressure of water vapor in the cathode inlet gas stream; Establish cathode outlet humidity a out , cathode stoichiometric ratio λ ca , cathode outlet pressure p ca,out and a second relationship model between the parameter Ψ comprising the partial pressure of water vapor in the cathode inlet gas stream; Based on the first relationship model and the second relationship model, the cathode outlet humidity a is obtained. out With the cathode stoichiometric ratio λ ca and cathode outlet pressure p ca,out The first variation curve of the oxygen partial pressure at the cathode outlet With the cathode stoichiometric ratio λ ca and cathode outlet pressure p ca,out The second variation curve of According to the first variation curve and the second variation curve, an optimal cathode stoichiometric ratio λ is determined. ca and cathode outlet pressure p ca,out combination of parameters.

2. A method for dynamic water launch management and control of a hydrogen fuel cell engine according to claim 1, characterized in that: According to the first variation curve and the second variation curve, an optimal cathode stoichiometric ratio λ is determined. ca and cathode outlet pressure p ca,out The combination of parameters includes: Set the target cathode outlet humidity a target and the oxygen partial pressure at the cathode outlet By obtaining the intersection of the first variation curve and the second variation curve, the optimal cathode stoichiometric ratio λ is determined. ca and cathode outlet pressure p ca,out combination of parameters.

3. A method for dynamic water launch management and control of a hydrogen fuel cell engine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The expression for the parameter Ψ, which includes the partial pressure of water vapor in the cathode inlet air flow, is: Among them, p in is the cathode inlet pressure, is the partial pressure of water vapor in the cathode inlet pressure.

4. A method for dynamic water launch management and control of a hydrogen fuel cell engine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first relational model expression is: Or as: Among them, λ ca is the cathode stoichiometric ratio; is the oxygen partial pressure at the cathode outlet; is the oxygen partial pressure at the target cathode outlet; is the mole fraction of oxygen; ca is the cathode stoichiometric ratio; Indicates that the previous formula is defined as the next formula.

5. The method for dynamic water launch management and control of a hydrogen fuel cell engine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second relational model expression is: Among them, a target is the target cathode outlet humidity; a out is the cathode outlet humidity; ca is the cathode stoichiometric ratio; is the mole fraction of nitrogen; is the mole fraction of oxygen; p ca,out is the cathode outlet pressure; is the saturated vapor pressure at the cathode outlet; Indicates that the previous formula is defined as the next formula.

6. A method for dynamic water launch management and control of a hydrogen fuel cell engine according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: The current I and cathode outlet temperature T ca,out As the fuel cell system input parameters.

7. A dynamic water management control system for a hydrogen fuel cell engine, characterized in that: include: The first relationship model building module is used to obtain a parameter Ψ containing the partial pressure of water vapor in the cathode intake air flow in the fuel cell system, wherein the parameter Ψ containing the partial pressure of water vapor in the cathode intake air flow is based on the cathode intake pressure p in The partial pressure of water vapor in the cathode inlet pressure is obtained; the oxygen partial pressure at the cathode outlet is established Cathode outlet pressure p ca,out , cathode stoichiometric ratio λ ca a first relationship model with the parameter Ψ comprising the partial pressure of water vapor in the cathode inlet gas stream; The second relationship model building module is used to establish the cathode outlet humidity a out , cathode stoichiometric ratio λ ca , cathode outlet pressure p ca,out and a second relationship model between the parameter Ψ comprising the partial pressure of water vapor in the cathode inlet gas stream; The first change curve and the second change curve establish a model, and based on the first relationship model and the second relationship model, the cathode outlet humidity a is obtained. out With the cathode stoichiometric ratio λ ca and cathode outlet pressure p ca,out The first variation curve of the oxygen partial pressure at the cathode outlet With the cathode stoichiometric ratio λ ca and cathode outlet pressure p ca,out The second variation curve of The optimal combined parameter acquisition module is used to determine the optimal cathode stoichiometric ratio λ according to the first change curve and the second change curve. ca and cathode outlet pressure p ca,out combination of parameters.

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