A high stability magnetic storage battery

Abstract

The present invention relates to a high-stability magnetic storage battery, comprising a battery inner cavity shell (9), a positive electrode current collector (8), a negative electrode current collector (12), a battery separator (6), and an outer shell cover plate (5). The battery inner cavity shell (9) is filled with an electrolyte (10), the positive electrode current collector (8) and the negative electrode current collector (12) are arranged on the inner wall of the battery inner cavity shell (9) relative to each other, the outer wall of the battery inner cavity shell (9) is provided with one or more magnets, and the electrolyte (10) contains a negative electrode active material (11A) and a positive electrode active material (11B). Compared with the prior art, the battery of the present invention has the advantages of improving the structural stability of the electrode material, improving the performance of the electrode and the electrolyte, and extending the service life of the storage battery.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of storage batteries, and in particular relates to a novel high-stability magnetic storage battery. Background Art

[0002] With the development of battery technology, the energy density and charge and discharge cycle times of lithium-ion batteries have been greatly improved, and lithium-ion batteries have been widely used. However, its shortcomings are: First, although the cost of lithium iron phosphate batteries has been reduced to a certain extent compared with lithium cobalt oxide batteries or nickel-cobalt-aluminum ternary lithium, it is still too expensive for large-scale energy storage purposes and has not been widely used. In addition, due to the limited production of minerals such as lithium, nickel, and cobalt, it is difficult to significantly increase production capacity; secondly, the activity of lithium, the negative electrode material in lithium batteries, is high, and aqueous electrolytes cannot be used, while organic electrolytes have the risk of catching fire and combustion, which poses a safety hazard.

[0003] With the development of new energy technologies, due to the volatility of new energy power generation technologies such as photovoltaics and wind power, large-scale energy storage technology has become a bottleneck technology for the development of new energy. Traditional lead-acid batteries, nickel-iron batteries, etc. have been re-emphasized, but their shortcomings are also obvious.

[0004] The lead-acid battery commonly used at present is a storage battery whose electrodes are mainly made of metallic lead and its oxides, and whose electrolyte is sulfuric acid solution. In the discharge state of the lead-acid battery, the main component of the positive electrode is lead dioxide, and the main component of the negative electrode is lead; in the charging state, the main components of the positive and negative electrodes are both lead sulfate. Because the positive active substance lead dioxide itself is not firmly bonded to each other, lead sulfate is generated during discharge, and it is restored to lead dioxide during charging. The molar volume of lead sulfate is larger than that of lead oxide, so the volume of the active substance expands during discharge. If 1 mol of lead oxide is converted into 1 mol of lead sulfate, the volume increases by 95%. Such repeated contraction and expansion gradually loosens the mutual bonding between the lead dioxide particles and makes them easy to fall off. If only 20% of the active substance of 1 mol of lead dioxide is discharged, the degree of contraction and expansion is greatly reduced, and the destruction of the bonding force becomes slow. Therefore, the deeper the discharge depth, the shorter its cycle life. When lead-acid batteries are overcharged, a large amount of gas is precipitated. At this time, the active material of the positive plate is impacted by the gas, which promotes the shedding of the active material. In addition, the positive grid alloy is also severely corroded by anodic oxidation, so the battery overcharge will shorten its service life. Gas precipitation leads to an increase in acid density, which is beneficial to the capacity of the positive plate, but increases the self-discharge of the battery, accelerates the corrosion of the grid, and also promotes the loosening and shedding of lead dioxide. As the acid density used in the battery increases, the cycle life decreases. As the discharge current density increases, under the conditions of high current density and high acid concentration, the positive lead dioxide is loosened and shed, which also reduces the life of the battery.

[0005] Nickel-iron battery is one of many rechargeable batteries. Its anode is nickel hydroxide, its cathode is iron, and its electrolyte (electrolyte) is potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide or lithium hydroxide. The voltage of this battery is usually 1.2V. It is very durable and can withstand a certain degree of use accidents (including overcharging, over-discharging, short circuit, overheating), and it can still maintain a long life after the above damage. Its disadvantages are that it stores less electrical energy per unit mass (volume), cannot store electrical energy well, has poor performance at low temperatures, and has a high manufacturing cost compared with lead-acid batteries. It is currently less used. The reason why this type of battery can withstand frequent charging and discharging is that the solubility of the reactants in the electrolyte is very low. During the charging process, the formation of iron ions is very slow due to the low solubility of ferroferric oxide. The advantage is that the slow formation of iron crystals can protect the electrodes well, while the disadvantage is that it limits the performance of the battery, making this type of battery slow to charge and discharge. The strong ability of these batteries to survive frequent charge and discharge cycles is due to the low solubility of the reactants in the electrolyte; the slow formation of metallic iron during charging is due to the low solubility of ferrous hydroxide. While the slowly formed iron crystals preserve the electrode, it also limits high-rate performance: these batteries charge slowly and can only discharge slowly. Moreover, nickel-iron batteries cannot be charged from a constant voltage source because when the battery starts to degas and the temperature increases, the internal resistance of the battery decreases, thereby increasing the current, which further increases degassing and temperature, causing thermal runaway and damage. The low charge retention rate, low temperature and poor rate performance of nickel-iron batteries are the main technical bottlenecks that restrict their widespread application; the poor rate performance of the negative electrode of nickel-iron batteries, severe self-discharge, low charging efficiency and gassing problems are the main factors limiting the development and application of sealed nickel-iron batteries and even power-type nickel-iron batteries.

[0006] Therefore, the fundamental reason why the performance of lead-acid batteries and nickel-iron batteries is limited lies in the structural performance and conductivity of the electrodes. It is imperative to develop a new type of electrode to improve the stability of the electrode structure and enhance the conductivity.

[0007] CN202320993735.3 discloses a magnetic iron-based hybrid flow battery, including a battery inner cavity shell, a positive electrode, a negative electrode, an ion exchange membrane, a positive electrode electrolyte storage tank, and a negative electrode electrolyte storage tank, wherein the positive electrode and the negative electrode are installed in the battery inner cavity shell, and the positive and negative electrodes of the battery and the positive and negative electrode electrolytes are separated by the ion exchange membrane, and the negative electrode includes a magnet, iron powder, a negative electrode current collector, and a negative electrode electrolyte, wherein the iron powder is adsorbed on the magnet, and the magnet is placed in the negative electrode current collector, so that the magnetic flux of the magnet passes through the negative electrode current collector. Although this technology improves the long service life and low cost of the flow battery with cyclic charge and discharge, the invention still uses a flow battery structure, which is relatively complex and only suitable for large-scale energy storage applications. The efficiency for smaller-scale energy storage applications is low, and the operation and maintenance costs are extremely high. Summary of the invention

[0008] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the defects of the above-mentioned prior art and provide a high-stability magnetic battery, reduce electrode polarization, improve conductivity and stability, and extend the service life of the battery.

[0009] The object of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical scheme: a high-stability magnetic storage battery, comprising a battery inner cavity shell, a positive electrode current collector, a negative electrode current collector, a battery separator, and an outer shell cover plate, the battery inner cavity shell cavity is filled with an electrolyte, the positive electrode current collector and the negative electrode current collector are relatively arranged on the inner wall of the battery inner cavity shell, the outer wall of the battery inner cavity shell is configured with one or more magnets, and the electrolyte contains electrode active materials.

[0010] The electrolyte contains 0-5 mol / L of ferrous chloride, 0-5 mol / L of ferrous sulfate, 0-5 mol / L of sodium chloride, 0-5 mol / L of ammonium chloride, 0-5 mol / L of sodium sulfate, 0-5 mol / L of ammonium sulfate and 0-10 mol / L of potassium hydroxide.

[0011] Furthermore, the negative electrode active material is magnetic micro-powdered metal powder or metal oxide powder, including iron powder or iron filings; the positive electrode active material is metal oxide, including iron oxide or nickel oxide and a mixture thereof with conductive carbon black and graphite.

[0012] Furthermore, the battery is an all-iron battery, whose negative electrode active material is iron powder or iron filings, and whose positive electrode active material is iron oxide and a mixture of iron oxide and conductive carbon black or graphite. The electrolyte contains 0-5 mol / L of ferrous chloride, 0-5 mol / L of ferrous sulfate, 0-5 mol / L of sodium chloride, 0-5 mol / L of ammonium chloride, 0-5 mol / L of sodium sulfate, and 0-5 mol / L of ammonium sulfate, and the total concentration of sulfate and chloride ions is not less than 0.01 mol / L; preferably, the total concentration of sulfate and chloride ions is not less than 1.0 mol / L.

[0013] Alternatively, the storage battery is a nickel-iron battery, the negative electrode active material is iron powder or iron filings, the positive electrode active material is nickel oxide and a mixture thereof with conductive carbon black or graphite, and the electrolyte is 0.01-10 mol / L potassium hydroxide.

[0014] Furthermore, the negative electrode current collector is made of the same material as the negative electrode active material. The positive electrode current collector is made of a material that does not produce self-discharge with the positive electrode active material, including graphite.

[0015] Furthermore, the magnet is an integrated U-shaped structure, and the magnet of the U-shaped structure is half-surrounded by the outer wall of the battery inner cavity shell; the battery diaphragm is arranged between the battery inner cavity shell and the outer shell cover, and the battery diaphragm is located on the upper part of the U-shaped magnet.

[0016] Furthermore, the magnets are two bar magnets, block magnets or annular magnets, the battery separator is arranged in the battery inner cavity shell and its internal cavity is divided into two symmetrical parts, and the magnets are respectively arranged on opposite sides of the outer wall of the battery inner cavity shell.

[0017] Furthermore, the magnets on both sides of the outer wall of the battery inner cavity shell are symmetrically distributed relative to the battery separator, and the magnetism of the end facing the battery separator is the same.

[0018] Furthermore, the magnet is a permanent magnet or an electromagnet;

[0019] The magnetic flux lines generated by the magnet are all connected to the positive electrode collector or the negative electrode collector.

[0020] Furthermore, the positive electrode current collector is connected to the positive electrode lead wire, and the negative electrode current collector is connected to the negative electrode lead wire;

[0021] The shell cover plate is provided with a liquid injection port, a safety valve and a maintenance valve; the liquid injection port is provided with a protective cover, and a vent hole is left on the protective cover.

[0022] Further, a plurality of high-stability magnetic storage batteries are connected in series to form a battery pack;

[0023] A battery pack consisting of one or more magnetic batteries is enclosed in a magnetically shielded battery casing.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0025] 1. The present invention adopts magnetic powder material, adds electrolyte and places it in a magnetic field. The magnetic powder material and the electrolyte form a ferrofluid or a magnetorheological fluid. Ferrofluid is a liquid attracted by a magnet. It is a colloidal liquid made of nanometer-scale ferromagnetic or ferrimagnetic particles suspended in a carrier liquid (usually an organic solvent or water); magnetorheological fluid (MRF) refers to a liquid similar to ferrofluid (FF) and solidified in the presence of a magnetic field. Magnetorheological fluid contains micron-sized particles, which are 1-3 orders of magnitude larger than the particles that make up the ferrofluid. In the magnetic field, these ferromagnetic or ferrimagnetic particles are distributed along the magnetic lines of force, connected to each other, and connected to the current collector, which improves the conductivity of the electrode.

[0026] 2. Under the aforementioned technical requirements, and within the acceptable range of preparation costs, the use of magnetic powder materials with smaller particle sizes can increase the contact area between the electrode material and the electrolyte as much as possible. The particles are distributed along the magnetic flux lines and connected to each other through the magnetic particles to form a small magnet. The magnetic force prevents the electrode material from falling off, thereby ensuring the structural stability of the electrode.

[0027] 3. The present invention arranges a magnet outside the battery, and the magnetic field of the magnet penetrates the electrode and the electrolyte. During the battery charging process, the generated electrode material "grows" along the magnetic flux lines, and the mutual repulsion between the magnetic poles avoids the compaction of the electrode material, thereby ensuring the looseness of the electrode material, thereby ensuring the cycle stability of the electrode and increasing the number of charge and discharge cycles.

[0028] 4. Under the action of the magnetic field, the magnetohydrodynamic convection caused by the Lorentz force can promote the circulation of the electrolyte, reduce the electrode polarization phenomenon, and improve the conductivity. Moreover, by applying a high-frequency alternating magnetic field, the electrode surface can be made to produce a state similar to high temperature, which can increase the charge and discharge rate of the battery. In other words, the magnetic field can have a positive effect on the electrode structure that does not use magnetic electrode materials.

[0029] 5. In order to increase the voltage of the battery, a plurality of electrodes described in this technology can be used to form three complete batteries connected in series to form a battery pack to meet the voltage requirements during use.

[0030] 6. The high-stability magnetic storage battery of the present invention has the characteristics of cyclic charging and discharging, long service life, low production cost and high raw material output. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the high-stability magnetic storage battery of Example 1;

[0032] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the packaging structure of the high-stability magnetic storage battery of Example 1;

[0033] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a high-stability magnetic storage battery according to Example 2;

[0034] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the high-stability magnetic storage battery connected in series in Example 3;

[0035] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the high-stability magnetic storage battery connected in series in Example 4. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0037] The fundamental problem for the development of chemical battery technology lies in the performance of cathode and anode materials in the battery:

[0038] (1) Due to the need for conductivity, it is necessary to ensure effective connection between the electrode active material and the electrode, maintain low internal resistance, and achieve effective utilization of the electrode material;

[0039] (2) Due to chemical requirements, the contact area between the electrode material and the electrolyte needs to be as high as possible, and the electrode material needs to be made into a porous or powdery structure, which will affect the physical properties of the material and make it easy to fall off and break;

[0040] (3) Although ultrafine powder or nanopowder of electrode materials can be prepared by various technologies and can achieve good performance in the initial stage of use, as the number of charge and discharge cycles increases, the electrode material tends to harden, thereby reducing the contact area between the electrode material and the electrolyte and affecting the electrode performance.

[0041] Based on the research on the characteristics of various batteries and the preparation processes and performances of different electrodes, the present invention proposes a new type of magnetic battery, which places active materials such as electrode active materials and electrolytes in a magnetic field to improve the electrode performance through magnetic force. The characteristic structure includes:

[0042] (1) Using magnetic micro-powdered electrode active materials, as well as matching electrode filling materials, electrolytes, and separators between positive and negative electrodes;

[0043] (2) If the active material is conductive, a current collector made of the same material as the electrode active material is used; if the active material is non-conductive, other materials that do not produce self-discharge with the electrode active material are used as the current collector, such as a graphite current collector for the positive electrode;

[0044] (3) The electrode is configured with one or more permanent magnets or electromagnets, and the requirements for the configuration are: a. The magnetic flux lines generated by the configured magnets and located inside the electrode can all be connected to the current collector; b. The magnetic flux lines generated by the configured magnets and located inside the electrode should not pass through the diaphragm between the positive and negative electrodes; it is advisable to adopt a structure in which the positive and negative electrodes, including the physical structure and the magnetic pole position factors, are mirror-symmetrical.

[0045] (4) The aforementioned magnet is placed outside the magnetically permeable inner wall of the battery or is wrapped with corrosion-resistant material and placed inside the battery to prevent the magnet from being corroded by the electrolyte;

[0046] It also includes necessary structural components such as electrode filling materials, electrode lead wires, liquid injection ports, safety valves and inspection valves, and a battery casing with magnetic shielding to prevent the magnetic field of the magnet from affecting the outside.

[0047] The various raw materials used in the present invention are all conventional raw materials and equipment in this field. For example, the magnets used are conventional permanent magnets or electromagnets, and the electrolytes used are commercially available electrolytes commonly used in batteries, or electrolytes reported in existing literature.

[0048] Example 1

[0049] like Figure 1-2 As shown, it is a schematic diagram of the structure of a high-stability magnetic storage battery, including a battery inner cavity shell 9, a positive electrode current collector 8, a negative electrode current collector 12, a battery separator 6, and an outer shell cover 5. The battery inner cavity shell 9 is filled with an electrolyte 10, and the positive electrode current collector 8 and the negative electrode current collector 12 are relatively arranged on the inner wall of the battery inner cavity shell 9. The outer wall of the battery inner cavity shell 9 is provided with a U-shaped magnet 7, and the U-shaped magnet 7 is half surrounded by the outer wall of the battery inner cavity shell 9. The battery separator 6 is arranged between the battery inner cavity shell 9 and the outer shell cover 5. The battery inner cavity shell 9 and the outer shell cover 5 are connected by flanges to form a sealed cavity. The cavity is filled with an electrolyte 10, and the electrolyte used is a commercially available 1mol / L KOH solution, electrode active material is also added to the electrolyte, that is, there is electrolyte 10 above and below the battery separator 6, wherein the lower cavity of the battery separator 6 is provided with an inner partition 9A to divide the inner cavity of the battery inner cavity shell 9 into two parts: a positive electrode cavity and a negative electrode cavity, wherein a positive electrode active material 11B is also added to the positive electrode cavity, and a negative electrode active material 11A is also added to the negative electrode cavity. In this embodiment, nickel trioxide is selected as the positive electrode active material, and its addition amount is 166g of nickel trioxide and 30g of conductive carbon black per 100mL of electrolyte, and they are mixed evenly; metal nickel powder is used as the negative electrode active material, and its addition amount is 60g per 100mL of electrolyte; the positive electrode collector 8 is made of graphite, and the negative electrode collector 12 is made of metal nickel, the positive electrode collector 8 is connected to the positive electrode lead wire, and the negative electrode collector 13 is connected to the negative electrode lead wire.

[0050] The outer shell cover plate 5 is provided with a liquid injection port, a safety valve and a maintenance valve. The liquid injection port is used to add electrolyte to the battery. The liquid injection port is provided with a protective cover, and a vent hole 3 is left on the protective cover to prevent the battery shell from being damaged by changes in the internal pressure of the battery. The outer shell cover plate 5 is also provided with an inspection port, and a cover plate 1 is provided on the inspection port. The cover plate 1 is connected to the outer shell cover plate 5 by screws 2.

[0051] The selection requirement of the U-shaped magnet 7 is that all the magnetic flux lines generated by the magnet are connected to the positive current collector 8 or the negative current collector 12. The positive and negative poles are adopted to have a mirror-symmetric structure including physical structure and magnetic pole position factors. The U-shaped magnet 7 causes the positive current collector 8 or the negative current collector 12 to generate, so that the nickel powder particles in the electrolyte are distributed along the magnetic flux lines and connected to each other through the magnetic particles to form a small magnet, arranged in a linear shape, and the electrode material is prevented from falling off by the magnetic force, thereby ensuring the structural stability of the electrode.

[0052] The high-stability magnetic battery is wrapped with a magnetically shielded battery housing 4 to prevent the magnetic field of the magnet from affecting the outside.

[0053] Example 2

[0054] like Figure 3 As shown, it is a structural schematic diagram of a high-stability magnetic storage battery. In this embodiment, the battery separator 6 is arranged in the battery inner cavity shell 9 and its internal cavity is divided into two symmetrical positive electrode cavity and negative electrode cavity. The positive electrode cavity and the negative electrode cavity are filled with electrolyte 10, and the electrolyte 10 is also provided with an electrode active substance (in this embodiment, iron powder is selected as the negative electrode active material and added to the negative electrode cavity, and the added amount is 56g per 100mL of electrolyte; iron oxide powder is used as the positive electrode active material and added to the positive electrode cavity, and the added amount is 160g and 30g of conductive graphite powder per 100mL of electrolyte); the positive electrode collector 8 is made of graphite, and the negative electrode collector 12 is made of iron.

[0055] The positive electrode current collector 8 and the negative electrode current collector 12 are arranged on the inner wall of the battery inner cavity shell 9, and two bar magnets 13 are arranged on both sides of the outer wall of the battery inner cavity shell 9. The two bar magnets 13 are symmetrically distributed with respect to the battery separator 6, and the magnetic properties of the ends facing the battery separator 6 are the same. Figure 3 As shown, one end of the two bar magnets 13 close to the battery inner cavity shell 9 is both N poles. Using the principle of like poles repelling each other, the iron powder in the electrolyte is suspended and "grows" along the magnetic flux lines. The mutual repulsion between the magnetic poles avoids the compaction of the electrode material, thereby ensuring the looseness of the electrode material, thereby ensuring the cycle stability of the electrode and increasing the number of charge and discharge cycles.

[0056] The upper surface of the battery inner cavity shell 9 is provided with a liquid filling port, a safety valve, a maintenance valve, and an inspection port. A cover plate 1 is provided on the inspection port. A shell 14 is provided outside the two bar magnets 13 so that the magnets are located in the surrounding cavity formed by the shell 14 and the battery inner cavity shell 9. The overall high-stability magnetic battery is wrapped with a magnetically shielded battery shell 4.

[0057] The electrolyte used in this embodiment is specifically: containing 1.0 mol / L FeCl 2 、1.0mol / L NH 4 Cl, 2.0 mol / L NaCl, 0.4 mol / L H 3 BO 3 of solution.

[0058] Example 3

[0059] The present invention can also use a plurality of high stability magnetic storage batteries connected in series to form a battery pack, such as Figure 4As shown, two high-stability magnetic batteries are arranged in sequence front and back and connected in series to form a battery pack. The middle magnet is shared and encapsulated with an intermediate shell 15. The intermediate shell 15 matches the battery inner cavity shell 9 and the shell 14 to form a shell for installing batteries and magnets, and a magnetically shielded battery shell 4 is wrapped around its periphery. The middle magnet 13 cooperates with the magnets at both ends so that the polarity of the end facing the battery diaphragm 6 is the same.

[0060] A single high-stability magnetic storage battery is basically the same as Example 2, wherein each battery inner cavity shell 9 is filled with electrolyte 10, and a positive electrode collector 8 and a negative electrode collector 12 are respectively arranged on opposite sides of the inner wall of the battery inner cavity shell 9, two bar magnets 13 are arranged on opposite sides of the outer wall of the battery inner cavity shell 9, and a cover plate 1, air vents 3, etc. are arranged on the top.

[0061] Example 4

[0062] The structure of a battery pack composed of multiple high-stability magnetic batteries connected in series can also be connected in series head to tail, such as Figure 5 As shown, each magnet is shared by the single high-stability magnetic batteries on both sides, and the polarity of the end facing the battery diaphragm 6 is the same. A battery fixing frame 16 is provided at the center of the four high-stability magnetic batteries. The four high-stability magnetic batteries are fixed on the battery fixing frame 16, and the periphery is wrapped as a whole by a magnetically shielded battery casing 4.

[0063] The rest is the same as in Example 3.

[0064] Comparative Example 1 Commercially available nickel-iron battery

[0065] Manufacturer: SAB-NIFE, Sweden

[0066] Energy density: 55Wh / kg

[0067] Cycle life: 1000 times.

[0068] Comparative Example 2 Commercially available lead-acid battery

[0069] Manufacturer: Chaowei (China)

[0070] Battery model: 12V20AH

[0071] Weight: 6kg

[0072] The magnetic batteries constructed in Examples 1-4 and Comparative Examples 1-2 were tested for performance, and discharge and charge cycles were tested at a 5C rate, and the number of cycles at which the energy storage capacity decayed to 80% of the initial value and the energy density index were measured. The results are shown in the following table:

[0073]

[0074] It can be seen from the above table that: compared with the commercially available nickel-iron battery in Example 1, the new magnetic electrode developed by the present technology can significantly improve the performance of the nickel-iron battery, and improve the battery cycle times and charge and discharge energy efficiency while maintaining the energy density unchanged.

[0075] Comparing Example 2 with commercially available lead-acid batteries, it can be seen that the electrode of the present invention is used in iron storage batteries, which can achieve an energy density equivalent to that of lead storage batteries, but the number of charge and discharge cycles is more than doubled compared to lead storage batteries, and the charge and discharge energy efficiency is also slightly improved. Moreover, the iron storage battery does not contain toxic heavy metals such as lead, mercury, and cadmium that have a great impact on environmental pollution, and has outstanding environmental protection performance. It has good practical value.

Claims

1. A high-stability magnetic storage battery, comprising a battery inner cavity shell (9), a positive electrode current collector (8), a negative electrode current collector (12), a battery separator (6), and an outer shell cover (5), wherein the battery inner cavity shell (9) is filled with an electrolyte (10), and the positive electrode current collector (8) and the negative electrode current collector (12) are arranged on the inner wall of the battery inner cavity shell (9) relative to each other, characterized in that: The outer wall of the battery inner cavity shell (9) is provided with one or more magnets, and the electrolyte (10) contains negative electrode active material (11A) on the negative electrode current collector (12) side and positive electrode active material (11B) on the positive electrode current collector (8) side.

2. A high stability magnetic storage battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The negative electrode active material (11A) is magnetic micro-powdered metal powder or metal oxide powder, including iron powder or iron filings; the positive electrode active material (11B) is metal oxide, including iron oxide or nickel oxide and a mixture thereof with conductive carbon black and graphite.

3. A high stability magnetic storage battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electrolyte (10) contains 0-5 mol / L ferrous chloride, 0-5 mol / L ferrous sulfate, 0-5 mol / L sodium chloride, 0-5 mol / L ammonium chloride, 0-5 mol / L sodium sulfate, 0-5 mol / L ammonium sulfate, and 0-10 mol / L potassium hydroxide.

4. A high stability magnetic storage battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material of the negative electrode current collector (12) is the same as that of the negative electrode active material (11A); The positive electrode current collector (8) uses a material that does not produce self-discharge with the positive electrode active material (11B) as the current collector, including graphite.

5. A high stability magnetic storage battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The magnet is an integrated U-shaped structure, and the magnet of the U-shaped structure is half-surrounded by the outer wall of the battery inner cavity shell (9); the battery diaphragm (6) is arranged between the battery inner cavity shell (9) and the outer shell cover (5), and the battery diaphragm (6) is located on the upper part of the U-shaped magnet, and the inner cavity of the battery inner cavity shell (9) is provided with an inner partition (9A) to separate the lower cavity of the battery diaphragm (6) into two parts: a positive electrode cavity and a negative electrode cavity.

6. A high stability magnetic storage battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The magnets are two bar magnets, block magnets or ring magnets. The battery separator (6) is arranged in the battery inner cavity shell (9) and divides its internal cavity into two symmetrical parts. The magnets are respectively arranged on two opposite sides of the outer wall of the battery inner cavity shell (9).

7. A high stability magnetic storage battery according to claim 6, characterized in that: The magnets on both sides of the outer wall of the battery inner cavity shell (9) are symmetrically distributed relative to the battery separator (6), and the magnetism of the end facing the battery separator (6) is the same.

8. A high stability magnetic storage battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The magnet is a permanent magnet or an electromagnet; All magnetic flux lines generated by the magnet are connected to the positive electrode current collector (8) or the negative electrode current collector (12).

9. A high stability magnetic storage battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positive electrode current collector (8) is connected to the positive electrode lead wire, and the negative electrode current collector (13) is connected to the negative electrode lead wire; The shell cover plate (5) is provided with a liquid injection port, a safety valve and a maintenance valve. The liquid injection port is provided with a protective cover, and a vent hole is left on the protective cover.

10. A high stability magnetic storage battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: Multiple high-stability magnetic storage batteries are connected in series to form a battery pack; A battery pack consisting of one or more magnetic batteries is enclosed in a magnetically shielded battery casing.

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