Active vibration damper of high-speed precision seed-metering device based on Watt connecting rod

Abstract

The invention discloses an active vibration damper of a high-speed precision seed-metering device based on a Watt connecting rod. A seed sowing device and a high-precision pose sensor are mounted on the shell; the first side column and the second side column are fixed to the two ends of the top beam respectively. A first long rod mounting point and a second long rod mounting point of the first Watt connecting rod group and the second Watt connecting rod group are connected with a first side column bearing of the rack; a first long rod mounting point and a second long rod mounting point of the first Watt connecting rod group and the second Watt connecting rod group are connected with a second side column bearing of the rack; first fulcrums and second fulcrums of the first Watt connecting rod group and the second Watt connecting rod group are hinged with Watt connecting rod fixing holes in the shell; the upper ends and the lower ends of the first air cylinder and the second air cylinder are fixed to the rack and the shell respectively, and the lower ends of the first air cylinder and the second air cylinder are fixedly connected with the first side and the second side in the shell respectively. By adopting a watt connecting rod structure, the transverse deviation of the seed sowing device can be effectively prevented, and the longitudinal vibration amplitude is kept within a relatively small range.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of sowing machine parts, and in particular relates to an active vibration reduction device of a high-speed precision seed metering device based on a Watt connecting rod. Background Art

[0002] Precision seeding technology is widely used in corn planting in my country to improve seeding accuracy, thereby increasing corn germination rate, emergence rate and final yield. As a key component of precision seeding technology, the stability of the seed meter directly determines the seeding accuracy and qualified rate.

[0003] In field operations, due to the complex topography of farmland, changes in soil hardness and moisture often lead to uneven ground, which is particularly prominent when the seeder is operating at high speed. During high-speed travel, the seeder will not only be subject to strong bumps caused by the terrain, but also violent vibrations due to the high-speed operation of the engine and transmission system. These vibrations significantly affect the operating stability of the seeder and the working posture of the seeding device, causing the opening and closing of the seeding port to fluctuate frequently, resulting in a significant decrease in seeding accuracy.

[0004] Impaired seeding accuracy directly leads to uneven sowing and unbalanced crop distribution in the field: in some areas, the competition for resources caused by overcrowding of seeds limits growth, while in other areas, lack of seedlings or broken ridges causes waste of land resources. This sowing quality problem not only weakens crop yields, but also significantly increases the difficulty of field management. The vibration under high-speed operation increases the complexity and cost of seedling replacement, weeding and fertilization.

[0005] Domestic and foreign scholars have conducted a number of technical studies and innovations to address the problem of missed seeding caused by vibration during high-speed seeding, and have improved the structure of the seeding device to improve operational reliability. However, these improvements are all made by improving the seeding device to improve seeding performance, which results in a high structural complexity; at the same time, these studies are mostly focused on optimizing the seed transmission process, so vibration is still not effectively resolved. Therefore, a vibration reduction device for the seeding device is proposed to solve the problem of difficulty in ensuring the stability of the overall posture of the seeding device. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the demand for high-speed precision seeding in modern agriculture in the background technology, the present invention provides an active vibration reduction device for a high-speed precision seeding device based on a Watt connecting rod, which can ensure uniform distribution of seeds in the field, reduce seeding quality problems caused by vibration, thereby improving the production efficiency of corn and realizing efficient and accurate mechanized seeding operations. The technical solution includes: a housing, a frame, a first cylinder, a second cylinder, an air pump, a first tension spring and a second tension spring, wherein a seeding device and a high-precision posture sensor are installed on the housing;

[0007] The frame fixed to the tractor frame comprises: a top beam, a first side column, a second side column and a bottom sill forming a rectangular frame, wherein the first side column and the second side column are respectively fixed to two ends of the top beam; the first long rod mounting point and the second long rod mounting point of the first Watt connecting rod group and the second Watt connecting rod group are connected to the first side column bearing of the frame, and the first second long rod mounting point and the second second long rod mounting point of the first Watt connecting rod group and the second Watt connecting rod group are connected to the second side column bearing of the frame; the first fulcrum and the second fulcrum of the first Watt connecting rod group and the second Watt connecting rod group are hinged to the Watt connecting rod fixing hole on the shell, and the shell is displaced along the connecting line direction of the first fulcrum and the second fulcrum;

[0008] The upper ends of the first cylinder and the second cylinder are fixed to the first side column and the second side column respectively, and the lower ends of the first cylinder and the second cylinder are fixedly connected to the cylinder fixing holes on the first side and the second side of the shell respectively; the air ports at both ends of the cylinder body of the first cylinder are connected to the air pump through two-position three-way solenoid valves respectively, and the air ports at both ends of the cylinder body of the second cylinder are installed with speed regulating valves, and the first two-position three-way solenoid valve and the high-precision posture sensor are connected to the control system; the upper ends of the first tension spring and the second tension spring are connected to the first side column and the second side column respectively;

[0009] The upper ends of the first tension spring and the second tension spring are pin-connected to the first side column and the second side column through a tension spring frame fixing pin, and the lower ends of the first tension spring and the second tension spring are connected to the first side and the second side of the shell through a tension spring shell fixing pin and a thin hexagonal nut; wherein the tension spring shell fixing pin passes through the tension spring fixing hole on the shell, and the two thin hexagonal nuts below are hung from below the tension spring fixing hole, and the thin hexagonal nut and the tension spring shell fixing pin are threadedly connected.

[0010] The first Watt connecting rod group comprises: a first group of first long rods, a first group of short rods and a first group of second long rods, a first side column, a first group of first long rods, a first group of short rods, a first group of second long rods and a second side column are sequentially connected through bearings, a first long rod mounting point in the middle of the first group of short rods is hinged to the housing; the first group of first long rods and the first group of second long rods are equal in length;

[0011] The second Watt connecting rod group includes: a second group of first long rods, a second group of short rods and a second group of second long rods, a first side column, a second group of first long rods, a second group of short rods, a second group of second long rods and a second side column are sequentially connected through bearings, the middle of the second group of short rods and the second long rod mounting point are hinged to the shell; the second group of first long rods and the second group of second long rods are equal in length.

[0012] The first fulcrum is set at the center of the first group of short rods, and the first fulcrum is equidistant from the connection point of the first group of first long rods and the connection point of the first group of second long rods;

[0013] The second fulcrum is arranged at the center of the second group of short rods, and the distance between the second fulcrum and the connection point of the second group of first long rods and the connection point of the second group of second long rods is equal.

[0014] The first group of first long rods, the first group of second long rods, the second group of first long rods and the second group of second long rods have the same structure, and all include: a screw rod, two rod end joints, a deep groove ball bearing and a spiral clamping mechanism; wherein the inner sides of the two rod end joints are connected to the screw rod through a spiral clamping mechanism, and the outer ends of the two rod end joints are installed with deep groove ball bearings, and the deep groove ball bearings are fixed in the rod end joints.

[0015] The air pump is fixed to the bottom sill.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0017] 1. The present invention adopts the Watt connecting rod structure, which can effectively prevent the lateral deviation of the seed meter and keep the longitudinal vibration amplitude and acceleration within a small range. Since the lateral and longitudinal deviation of the seed meter during operation is effectively limited, the accuracy of the sowing interval is ensured, thereby significantly improving the stability and qualified rate of sowing.

[0018] 2. The present invention integrates suspension damping and active control systems, which can effectively buffer the adverse effects of frame vibration, reduce the vibration amplitude and acceleration of the seed meter, reduce seed drop and missed sowing, and improve operation reliability.

[0019] 3. The suspension vibration reduction structure of the present invention is simple in design and small in lateral proportion, so it takes up little space; it is easy to install and use in complex farmland environments. At the same time, it reduces the maintenance cost and use difficulty of the overall equipment, improves the efficiency of crop planting, and reduces the missed planting rate; in particular, it can greatly improve the corn planting efficiency and operation quality;

[0020] 4. By adjusting the opening of the speed regulating valve to change the damping coefficient, the second cylinder provides effective energy buffering, so that the vibration reduction device can adapt to a variety of vibration environments, thereby improving the overall sowing quality and efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is an overall structural axonometric diagram of an embodiment of an active vibration reduction device for a high-speed precision seed metering device based on a Watt connecting rod of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 It is a rear view of the overall structure in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 It is a side view of the overall structure in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a front view of the overall structure in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of a housing in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 It is a structural diagram of two sets of Watt connecting rod groups in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 7 1 is a structural diagram of each long rod in the Watt connecting rod assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 8 It is a structural diagram of a tension spring suspension group in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Fig. 9 It is a structural diagram of the cylinder active control group in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Fig.10 is a structural diagram of a cylinder damping group in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Fig.11 2 is a structural diagram of the second cylinder in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Among them, 100-housing, 110-cylinder fixing hole, 120-tension spring fixing hole, 130-Watt connecting rod fixing hole, 140-seeder fixing hole, 200-first Watt connecting rod group, 210-first group first long rod, 211-first long rod mounting point, 220-first group short rod, 221-first fulcrum, 230-first group second long rod, 231-first second long rod mounting point, 300-second Watt connecting rod group, 310-second group first long rod, 311-second long rod mounting point, 320-second group short rod, 321-second fulcrum, 330-second group second long rod, 331-second Second long rod mounting point, 400-frame, 410-first side column, 420-second side column, 500-first tension spring suspension group, 510-tension spring frame fixing pin, 530-tension spring housing fixing pin, 540-thin hexagonal nut, 700-first cylinder damping group, 720-first cylinder, 750-two-position three-way solenoid valve, 760-air pump, 770-high-precision posture sensor, 800-second cylinder damping group, 820-second cylinder, 830-speed control valve, 600-second tension spring suspension group, 900-seeder, 212-screw, 213-screw clamping mechanism, 215-deep groove ball bearing. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0034] like Figures 1 to 11 The embodiment of the present invention shown includes:

[0035] The seed meter 900 is used to evenly meter seeds so as to sow seeds, and is fixed to the housing 100 through the seed meter fixing hole 140 on the housing 100;

[0036] The housing 100 is used to install the seed metering device 900 and the high-precision posture sensor 770. The first fulcrum 221 and the second fulcrum 321 of the first Watt connecting rod group 200 and the second Watt connecting rod group 300 are hinged to the Watt connecting rod fixing hole 130 on the housing 100.

[0037] The frame 400 is fixed to the tractor frame and includes: a top beam 430, a first side column 410, a second side column 420 and a bottom sill 440 forming a rectangular frame, wherein the first side column 410 and the second side column 420 are respectively fixed to the two ends of the top beam 430; the first long rod mounting point 211 and the second long rod mounting point 311 of the first Watt connecting rod group 200 and the second Watt connecting rod group 300 are connected to the first side column 410 of the frame 400 with a bearing, and the first second long rod mounting point 231 and the second second long rod mounting point 311 of the first Watt connecting rod group 200 and the second Watt connecting rod group 300 are connected to the first side column 410 of the frame 400 with a bearing. The rod mounting point 331 is connected to the bearing of the second side column 420 of the frame 400; the two sets of first Watt connecting rod group 200 and second Watt connecting rod group 300 with proportional sizes (1:1 in this embodiment) constrain the movement direction of the housing 100 to the direction of the line connecting the first fulcrum 221 and the second fulcrum 321, that is, the line connecting the two fulcrums is in the up and down direction; due to the constraint of the line connecting the two fulcrums in the two sets of Watt connecting rods, the degree of freedom of the frame 400 is only 1; therefore, when the field operation encounters vibration, the seed meter will not have lateral displacement, and the longitudinal displacement is also kept within a small range. The suspension mechanism effectively avoids the longitudinal or lateral rotation angle of the mechanism, thereby maximizing the consistency of the sowing interval and improving the stability of the structure;

[0038] The first cylinder 720 and the second cylinder 820, the upper ends of the first cylinder 720 and the second cylinder 820 are respectively fixed to the first side column 410 and the second side column 420, and the lower ends of the first cylinder 720 and the second cylinder 820 are respectively fixedly connected to the cylinder fixing holes 110 on the first side and the second side of the shell 100; the air ports at both ends of the cylinder body of the first cylinder 720 are respectively connected to the air pump 760 through the two-position three-way solenoid valve 750, and the air ports at both ends of the cylinder body of the second cylinder 820 are installed with speed regulating valves 830, and the first two-position three-way solenoid valve 750 and the high-precision posture sensor 770 are connected to the control system;

[0039] The air pump 760 controls and pulls the first cylinder 720 through the first two-position three-way solenoid valve 750 during operation, so that the frame 400 is in a suspended state; the air pump 760 is fixed to the bottom sill 440;

[0040] The first tension spring 500 and the second tension spring 600, the upper ends of the first tension spring 500 and the second tension spring 600 are connected to the first side column 410 and the second side column 420 respectively, the upper ends of the first tension spring 500 and the second tension spring 600 are pinned to the first side column 410 and the second side column 420 through the tension spring frame fixing pin 510, and the lower ends of the first tension spring 500 and the second tension spring 600 are connected to the first side and the second side of the housing 100 through the tension spring housing fixing pin 530 and the thin hexagonal nut 540; wherein the tension spring housing fixing pin 530 passes through the tension spring fixing hole 120 on the housing 100, and the lower ends of the first tension spring 500 and the second tension spring 600 are connected to the first side and the second side of the housing 100 through the tension spring housing fixing pin 530 and the thin hexagonal nut 540; Two thin hexagonal nuts 540 are hung from the bottom of the tension spring fixing hole 120, and the thin hexagonal nuts 540 are threadedly connected with the tension spring housing fixing pin 530, so that the first tension spring 500 and the second tension spring 600 are tightened through the respective tension spring housing fixing pins 530; the first tension spring 500 and the second tension spring 600 can make the seed metering device also be suspended in a stable horizontal position when the air pump 760 is not working, and make the seed metering device and the frame form a flexible connection, which can also buffer the impact of the vibration of the frame on the seed metering device during sowing (when the air pump 760 and the high-precision posture sensor 770 are working). By selecting an appropriate spring stiffness coefficient, the best response speed and buffering effect can be achieved, thereby reducing the missed sowing rate and improving the sowing qualified rate.

[0041] like Fig.11 The cylinder damping group 800 shown is used for energy buffering and vibration reduction of the seeding device 900, and includes: a second cylinder 820 and two speed regulating valves 830; when the free end of the second cylinder 820 reciprocates with the vibration of the housing 100 and the seeding device 900, its weak damping can consume the vibration energy of the seeding device. When facing vibrations of different frequencies and amplitudes, by adjusting the opening of the speed regulating valve, the damping coefficient of the cylinder damping can be adjusted to achieve large damping when the amplitude is large and small damping when the amplitude is small, thereby ensuring the stability of the seeding device and a more appropriate buffering effect.

[0042] like Fig.10 The active cylinder control group 700 shown is used for active position control and vibration reduction of the seed meter 900, including: a first cylinder 720, a two-position three-way solenoid valve 750, an air pump 760 and a high-precision posture sensor 770, and the vibration of the seed meter is collected by the high-precision posture sensor 770. According to the amplitude of the vibration, the air pressure of the air pump 760 is dynamically adjusted; according to the direction of the vibration, the opening direction of the two-position three-way solenoid valve 750 is adjusted to realize active position control of the seed meter.

[0043] like Figure 2 and Figure 6The first Watt connecting rod group 200 shown includes: a first group of first long rods 210, a first group of short rods 220 and a first group of second long rods 230, a first side column 410, a first group of first long rods 210, a first group of short rods 220, a first group of second long rods 230 and a second side column 420 are connected in sequence through bearings, and a first long rod mounting point 211 in the middle of the first group of short rods 220 is hinged to the housing 100; the first group of first long rods 210 and the first group of second long rods 230 are equal in length, and the length ratio of the first group of first long rods 210 and the first group of short rods 220 is 3:1; a first fulcrum 221 is provided in the center of the first group of short rods 220, and the first fulcrum 221 is at an equal distance from the connection point of the first group of first long rods 210 and the connection point of the first group of second long rods 230.

[0044] like Figure 2 and Figure 7 The second Watt's connecting rod group 300 shown includes: a second group of first long rods 310, a second group of short rods 320 and a second group of second long rods 330, a first side column 410, a second group of first long rods 310, a second group of short rods 320, a second group of second long rods 330 and a second side column 420 are connected in sequence through bearings, and the middle of the second group of short rods 320 and the second long rod mounting point 311 are hinged to the housing 100; the second group of first long rods 310 and the second group of second long rods 330 are equal in length, and the length ratio of the second group of first long rods 310 and the second group of short rods 320 is 3:1; a second fulcrum 321 is provided in the center of the second group of short rods 320, and the distance between the second fulcrum 321 and the connection point of the second group of first long rods 310 and the connection point of the second group of second long rods 330 is equal.

[0045] like Figure 8 As shown, the first group of first long rods 210, the first group of second long rods 230, the second group of first long rods 310 and the second group of second long rods 330 have the same structure, and all include: a screw rod 212, two rod end joints 216, a deep groove ball bearing 215 and a spiral clamping mechanism 213; wherein the inner sides of the two rod end joints 216 are connected to the screw rod 212 through the spiral clamping mechanism 213, and the outer ends of the two rod end joints 216 are installed with deep groove ball bearings 215, and the deep groove ball bearings 215 are interference connected in the rod end joints 216. The deep groove ball bearings and the hinged structure make the overall mechanism have a small rotational resistance, which is beneficial to the operation of the vibration reduction device.

[0046] In a static state, two tension springs (a first tension spring 500 and a second tension spring 600) ensure the positioning of the seed meter by pulling the frame fixing pin and the housing fixing pin; the length of the tension spring can be changed by adjusting the position of the thin hexagonal nut 540 on the housing positioning pin.

[0047] When working, the air pump 760 is turned on first, and the first air cylinder 720 is contracted by controlling the two-position three-way solenoid valve 750, so that the seed metering device 900 reaches the working height.

[0048] Then the sowing operation started. During the sowing process, the cylinder active control group 700 monitored the displacement of the seed meter in real time through the high-precision posture sensor 770. When the displacement exceeded the set threshold, the system started active shock absorption and adjusted the cylinder action through closed-loop PID control: when the seed meter deviated upward, the upper port of the two-position three-way solenoid valve 750 was controlled to pressurize and the lower port to release gas, so that the first cylinder 720 was extended and the seed meter 900 was moved downward; when the seed meter deviated downward, the lower port of the two-position three-way solenoid valve 750 was controlled to pressurize and the upper port to release gas, so that the first cylinder 720 was shortened and the seed meter 900 was moved upward; the control system dynamically adjusted the air pressure input of the air pump 760 according to the size of the displacement, to achieve precise control of the displacement, and automatically stopped regulation when the displacement was reduced to within the dead zone, significantly improving the stability of the seed meter and the sowing accuracy.

[0049] In this embodiment, DA-VMD and wavelet threshold are used to jointly denoise and optimize the displacement signal emitted by the high-precision posture sensor 770.

[0050] In working condition, the two tension springs can also reduce vibration acceleration and play a buffering role.

Claims

1. An active vibration reduction device for a high-speed precision seed metering device based on a Watt linkage, characterized in that: include: A housing (100), a frame (400), a first air cylinder (720), a second air cylinder (820), an air pump (760), a first tension spring (500) and a second tension spring (600), wherein a seed meter (900) and a high-precision posture sensor (770) are installed on the housing (100); The frame 400 fixed to the tractor frame comprises: a top beam (430) forming a rectangular frame, a first side column (410), a second side column (420) and a bottom sill (440), wherein the first side column (410) and the second side column (420) are respectively fixed to the two ends of the top beam (430); the first long rod mounting point (211) and the second long rod mounting point (311) of the first Watt connecting rod group (200) and the second Watt connecting rod group (300) are connected to the first side column (410) of the frame (400) by bearings, and the first Watt connecting rod group (200) and the second Watt connecting rod group (300) are connected to the first side column (410) of the frame (400) by bearings. The first and second long rod mounting points (231) and the second and second long rod mounting points (331) of the rod group (200) and the second Watt connecting rod group (300) are connected to the bearings of the second side column (420) of the frame (400); the first fulcrum (221) and the second fulcrum (321) of the first Watt connecting rod group (200) and the second Watt connecting rod group (300) are hinged to the Watt connecting rod fixing hole (130) on the housing (100), and the housing (100) is displaced along the direction of the line connecting the first fulcrum (221) and the second fulcrum (321); The upper ends of the first cylinder (720) and the second cylinder (820) are fixed to the first side column (410) and the second side column (420) respectively, and the lower ends of the first cylinder (720) and the second cylinder (820) are fixedly connected to the cylinder fixing holes (110) on the first side and the second side of the shell (100) respectively; the air ports at both ends of the cylinder body of the first cylinder (720) are connected to the air pump (760) through the two-position three-way solenoid valve (750) respectively, and the air ports at both ends of the cylinder body of the second cylinder (820) are both installed with speed regulating valves (830), and the first two-position three-way solenoid valve (750) and the high-precision posture sensor (770) are connected to the control system; the upper ends of the first tension spring (500) and the second tension spring (600) are connected to the first side column (410) and the second side column (420) respectively.

2. The active vibration reduction device for high-speed precision seed metering device based on Watt's connecting rod according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The upper ends of the first tension spring (500) and the second tension spring (600) are pin-connected to the first side column (410) and the second side column (420) via a tension spring frame fixing pin (510), and the lower ends of the first tension spring (500) and the second tension spring (600) are connected to the first side and the second side of the housing (100) via a tension spring housing fixing pin (530) and a thin hexagonal nut (540); wherein the tension spring housing fixing pin (530) passes through the tension spring fixing hole (120) on the housing (100), and the two thin hexagonal nuts (540) below are hung from below the tension spring fixing hole (120), and the thin hexagonal nut (540) and the tension spring housing fixing pin (530) are threadedly connected.

3. The active vibration reduction device for high-speed precision seed metering device based on Watt's connecting rod according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The first Watt connecting rod group (200) comprises: a first group of first long rods (210), a first group of short rods (220) and a first group of second long rods (230); a first side column (410), the first group of first long rods (210), the first group of short rods (220), the first group of second long rods (230) and the second side column (420) are sequentially connected via bearings; a first long rod mounting point (211) in the middle of the first group of short rods (220) is hinged to the housing (100); the first group of first long rods 210 and the first group of second long rods (230) are of equal length; The second Watt connecting rod group (300) comprises: a second group of first long rods (310), a second group of short rods (320) and a second group of second long rods (330); a first side column (410), a second group of first long rods (310), a second group of short rods (320), a second group of second long rods (330) and a second side column (420) are sequentially connected via bearings; a middle portion of the second group of short rods (320) and a second-first long rod mounting point (311) are hinged to the housing (100); and the second group of first long rods (310) and the second group of second long rods (330) are of equal length.

4. The active vibration reduction device for high-speed precision seed metering device based on Watt's connecting rod according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The first fulcrum (221) is arranged at the center of the first group of short rods (220), and the first fulcrum (221) is equidistant from a connection point of the first group of first long rods (210) and a connection point of the first group of second long rods (230); The second fulcrum (321) is arranged at the center of the second group of short rods (320), and the distance between the second fulcrum (321) and the connection point of the second group of first long rods (310) and the connection point of the second group of second long rods (330) is equal.

5. The active vibration reduction device for high-speed precision seed metering device based on Watt's connecting rod according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: The first group of first long rods (210), the first group of second long rods (230), the second group of first long rods (310) and the second group of second long rods (330) have the same structure, and all include: a screw rod (212), two rod end joints (216), a deep groove ball bearing (215) and a spiral clamping mechanism (213); wherein the inner sides of the two rod end joints (216) are connected to the screw rod (212) via the spiral clamping mechanism (213), and the outer ends of the two rod end joints (216) are installed with deep groove ball bearings (215), and the deep groove ball bearings (215) are fixed in the rod end joints (216).

6. The active vibration reduction device for high-speed precision seed metering device based on Watt linkage according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The air pump (760) is fixed to the bottom sill (440).

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