Photovoltaic tea garden and water supplement method thereof, electronic device

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of photovoltaic tea garden, and provides a photovoltaic tea garden, a water supplementing method thereof and an electronic device, wherein the current soil humidity of a target tea garden area under a photovoltaic panel assembly is acquired, when the current soil humidity is less than an ideal soil humidity, a difference between the ideal soil humidity and the current soil humidity is determined, when the difference is greater than a first preset threshold, a first sprinkler is controlled to enter a water spraying mode to supplement water to the target tea garden area, and when the difference is less than or equal to the first preset threshold, it is determined that the soil humidity of the target tea garden area is within a normal range, and the first sprinkler is controlled to be in an off state. The present application can realize timely water supplementing of the tea garden, avoid water resource waste, do not need to rely on traditional manual irrigation, greatly improve irrigation efficiency, reduce labor cost, and effectively ensure tea tree growth conditions and quality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of photovoltaic tea garden technology, and in particular to a photovoltaic tea garden and its water replenishment method and electronic device. Background Technology

[0002] Photovoltaic tea gardens achieve the dual functions of solar power generation and tea cultivation by installing photovoltaic panels above tea gardens. This model not only makes full use of land resources and improves the overall efficiency of the land, but also reduces the amount of sunlight received by tea trees, thereby reducing the biosynthesis of polyphenols that contribute to the bitterness of tea and promoting the synthesis and accumulation of compounds such as amino acids that contribute to the freshness of tea, thus improving tea quality. Furthermore, it provides clean energy for tea gardens through solar power generation, promoting sustainable agricultural development.

[0003] However, since the photovoltaic facilities are installed above the tea trees, they will prevent the tea trees below from receiving natural rainwater or dew. This natural water is an important source of supplementary water for the growth of tea trees. For crops like tea trees that have a high demand for water, a long-term lack of natural rainwater or dew will have an adverse effect on the growth and quality of the tea trees.

[0004] To address this issue, existing technologies often rely on manual irrigation / watering. Traditional manual methods are inefficient, especially in mountainous tea gardens where tea trees are typically situated on slopes with significant topographical variations, making manual watering extremely time-consuming, labor-intensive, and costly. Furthermore, manual methods struggle to achieve precise irrigation. For instance, the lack of effective monitoring methods makes it impossible to track soil moisture and the actual water requirements of the tea trees in real time, easily leading to over- or under-irrigation, or excessive irrigation in some areas and insufficient irrigation in others.

[0005] In view of this, it is necessary to propose a photovoltaic tea garden and its water replenishment method and electronic device to solve or at least alleviate the above-mentioned defects. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The main objective of this invention is to provide a photovoltaic tea garden and its water replenishment method and electronic device, so as to solve the technical problems of relying on manual irrigation / watering in the prior art, which is time-consuming, labor-intensive and difficult to achieve precise irrigation.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a method for watering photovoltaic tea gardens, comprising the following steps:

[0008] S1, obtain the current soil moisture of the target tea garden area under the photovoltaic panel module, and determine whether the current soil moisture is less than the ideal soil moisture;

[0009] S2, when the current soil moisture is less than the ideal soil moisture, determine the difference between the ideal soil moisture and the current soil moisture, and determine whether the difference is greater than a first preset threshold.

[0010] S31, when the difference is greater than a first preset threshold, it is determined that the target tea garden area is in a drought state, and the first nozzle is controlled to enter the water spraying mode to replenish water to the target tea garden area; wherein, the first nozzle is rotatably installed at the bottom of the photovoltaic panel assembly, the spraying area of ​​the first nozzle is matched with the target tea garden area, and the first nozzle has a water spraying mode and a mist spraying mode.

[0011] S32, when the difference is less than or equal to the first preset threshold, it is determined that the soil moisture of the target tea garden area is within the normal range, and the first nozzle is controlled to be in the closed state.

[0012] Preferably, step S31, controlling the first nozzle to enter the water spraying mode to replenish water to the target tea garden area, specifically includes the following steps:

[0013] S311, using the formula ETC=K C *ET0 determines the current water requirement (ETC) of the tea trees in the target tea garden area; where K C ET0 is the water requirement coefficient for tea trees, and ET0 is the evapotranspiration of the reference crop.

[0014] S312, using the formula Q=ETC*S*(H) a -H t Determine the required water volume Q for the target tea garden area; where S is the area of ​​the target tea garden area, and H is the water volume Q. a For ideal soil moisture, H t Current soil moisture;

[0015] S313, allocate the spraying duration T and spraying intensity I of the first nozzle according to the spraying volume Q; where Q = T * I;

[0016] S314, the first nozzle is controlled to enter the water spraying mode according to the water spraying duration and water spraying intensity, so as to replenish water to the target tea garden area.

[0017] Preferably, the step S1 of obtaining the current soil moisture of the target tea garden area under the photovoltaic panel module specifically includes the following steps:

[0018] S11, acquire soil moisture H measured by multiple soil moisture meters installed in the target tea garden area. i ; where H i The soil moisture value measured by the i-th soil moisture meter;

[0019] S12, using formula Calculate the average soil moisture value from all soil moisture meters. and the average soil moisture value The current soil moisture of the target tea garden area; where N is the total number of soil moisture meters set up in the target tea garden area, and multiple soil moisture meters are distributed at intervals in the target tea garden area.

[0020] Preferably, step S11 is followed by the step:

[0021] Calculate the standard deviation of soil moisture values ​​of all soil moisture meters in the target tea garden area, and determine whether the standard deviation is greater than a second preset threshold.

[0022] If the standard deviation is greater than the second preset threshold, it is determined that the soil moisture distribution in the target tea garden area fluctuates greatly, and the minimum value among all soil moisture meters is taken as the current soil moisture, and the step of determining whether the current soil moisture is less than the ideal soil moisture is taken.

[0023] When the standard deviation is less than or equal to the second preset threshold, it is determined that the soil moisture distribution fluctuation in the target tea garden area is small, and the process proceeds to step S12.

[0024] Preferably, after step S314, the method further includes the step of: returning to step S1 at the first time node when the water spraying time after the first nozzle is turned on ends.

[0025] Preferably, step S32 is followed by the step:

[0026] S41, obtain the current time, and determine whether the current time is in the first preset period of morning, and determine whether the current time is in the first preset period of evening;

[0027] S42, when either the current time is in the first preset period of morning or the current time is in the first preset period of evening, control the first nozzle to enter the spray mode, wherein the spray time is 10 min to 30 min each time and the water consumption is 1L to 3L / square meter each time.

[0028] Preferably, step S32 is followed by the step:

[0029] Obtain the current time, and determine whether the current time is in the second preset period of morning, and determine whether the current time is in the second preset period of evening;

[0030] When the current time is in the second preset period of the morning, obtain the light information outside the target tea garden area, and determine whether there is sunlight at the current time based on the light information;

[0031] If there is sunlight at the current moment, obtain the solar altitude angle h and solar azimuth angle A at the current moment; wherein, the solar altitude angle is the vertical altitude angle of the sun in the sky, and the solar azimuth angle is the horizontal direction angle of the sun in the sky;

[0032] The nozzle tilt angle θ1 of the second nozzle is determined according to the formula θ1=h-α, so that the nozzle tilt angle θ1 matches the solar altitude angle h, and then the second nozzle is controlled to enter the spray mode; wherein, the nozzle tilt angle θ1 is the angle between the second nozzle and the horizontal plane, α is the height adjustment angle, and the second nozzle is rotatably mounted on the first side of the photovoltaic panel module;

[0033] The nozzle azimuth angle β1 of the second nozzle is determined according to the formula β1=A+γ, and the second nozzle is adjusted to the nozzle azimuth angle β1 so that the nozzle azimuth angle β1 matches the solar azimuth angle A; wherein, the nozzle azimuth angle β1 is the angle between the second nozzle and the due south direction;

[0034] Alternatively, when the current time is in the second preset period of evening, obtain the light information outside the target tea garden area, and determine whether there is sunlight at the current time based on the light information;

[0035] If there is sunlight at the current moment, obtain the solar altitude angle h and solar azimuth angle A at the current moment;

[0036] The nozzle tilt angle θ2 of the third nozzle is determined according to the formula θ2=h-α, so that the nozzle tilt angle θ2 matches the solar altitude angle h, and then the third nozzle is controlled to enter the spray mode; wherein, the nozzle tilt angle θ2 is the angle between the third nozzle and the horizontal plane, and the third nozzle is rotatably mounted on the second side of the photovoltaic panel assembly, and the second side and the first side are arranged opposite to each other on both sides of the photovoltaic panel assembly;

[0037] The nozzle azimuth angle β2 of the third nozzle is determined according to the formula β2=A+γ and adjusted to match the solar azimuth angle A; wherein, the nozzle azimuth angle β2 is the angle between the third nozzle and the due south direction.

[0038] Preferably, the second preset time period in the morning is 6:00-8:00 in the morning, and the second preset time period in the evening is 17:00-19:00 in the evening.

[0039] The present invention also provides an electronic device for water replenishment in photovoltaic tea gardens, comprising:

[0040] The soil moisture acquisition unit is used to acquire the current soil moisture in the target tea garden area under the photovoltaic panel module;

[0041] A soil moisture determination unit is used to determine whether the current soil moisture is less than the ideal soil moisture; when the current soil moisture is less than the ideal soil moisture, it determines the difference between the ideal soil moisture and the current soil moisture, and determines whether the difference is greater than a first preset threshold.

[0042] The water replenishment analysis unit is used to determine that the target tea garden area is in a drought state when the difference is greater than a first preset threshold, and control the first nozzle to enter the water spraying mode to replenish water to the target tea garden area; when the difference is less than or equal to the first preset threshold, it is determined that the soil moisture of the target tea garden area is within the normal range, and the first nozzle is controlled to be in the off state.

[0043] The present invention also provides a photovoltaic tea garden, comprising multiple photovoltaic panel components, multiple first nozzles, a water supply component, and a control system. Each photovoltaic panel component is mounted above tea trees via a support frame. Each first nozzle is rotatably mounted on the bottom of the photovoltaic panel component. The spray area of ​​each first nozzle is matched with the target tea garden area. The first nozzle has a water spraying mode and a mist spraying mode. The water supply component is used to supply water to the first nozzles. The first nozzles are signal-connected to the control system. The control system includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps of the photovoltaic tea garden water replenishment method described above.

[0044] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0045] This invention provides a photovoltaic tea garden and its water replenishment method and electronic device. By acquiring the current soil moisture of the target tea garden area under the photovoltaic panel, when the current soil moisture is lower than the ideal soil moisture, the difference between the ideal soil moisture and the current soil moisture is determined. When the difference is greater than a first preset threshold, a first sprinkler head is controlled to enter a water spraying mode to replenish the target tea garden area. When the difference is less than or equal to the first preset threshold, it is determined that the soil moisture of the target tea garden area is within the normal range, and the first sprinkler head is controlled to be in a closed state. This application enables timely water replenishment of the tea garden, avoiding water waste, eliminating the need for traditional manual irrigation, significantly improving irrigation efficiency, reducing labor costs, and effectively ensuring the growth conditions and quality of the tea trees. By calculating the current water requirement of the tea trees and the required spray volume, precise water replenishment of the tea garden area can be achieved, avoiding resource waste caused by over-irrigation while ensuring that the tea trees receive adequate water to maintain normal growth. Attached Figure Description

[0046] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0047] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a process in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating the specific steps involved in step S31 of an embodiment of the present invention, which involves controlling the first nozzle to enter the water spraying mode to replenish water to the target tea garden area.

[0049] Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating steps following step S32 in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0050] The objectives, features, and advantages of this invention will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0051] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

[0052] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0053] It should be noted that all directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in the embodiments of the present invention are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of each component in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0054] Furthermore, the use of terms such as "first" and "second" in this invention is for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features. Additionally, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but only on the basis of being achievable by those skilled in the art. If the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, such a combination should be considered non-existent and not within the scope of protection claimed by this invention.

[0055] Please see the appendix Figures 1 to 3 The present invention provides a water replenishment method for a photovoltaic tea garden, comprising the following steps:

[0056] S1, obtain the current soil moisture of the target tea garden area under the photovoltaic panel module, and determine whether the current soil moisture is less than the ideal soil moisture;

[0057] S2, when the current soil moisture is less than the ideal soil moisture, determine the difference between the ideal soil moisture and the current soil moisture, and determine whether the difference is greater than a first preset threshold.

[0058] S31, when the difference is greater than a first preset threshold, it is determined that the target tea garden area is in a drought state, and the first nozzle is controlled to enter the water spraying mode to replenish water to the target tea garden area; wherein, the first nozzle is rotatably installed at the bottom of the photovoltaic panel assembly, the spraying area of ​​the first nozzle is matched with the target tea garden area, and the first nozzle has a water spraying mode and a mist spraying mode.

[0059] S32, when the difference is less than or equal to the first preset threshold, it is determined that the soil moisture of the target tea garden area is within the normal range, and the first nozzle is controlled to be in the closed state.

[0060] Specifically, this application first obtains the current soil moisture of the target tea garden area under the photovoltaic panel module. The acquisition method includes, but is not limited to, using a soil moisture meter, electromagnetic wave indirect measurement method, etc. The definition of the target tea garden area can be set according to actual needs. Preferably, each photovoltaic panel module includes multiple photovoltaic panels arranged in a matrix and a support frame for supporting the photovoltaic panels. The height of the photovoltaic panel in the tea garden is 2.6 to 3.0m. As a preferred example, each photovoltaic panel is 10m long and 4m wide. For example, the area beneath a photovoltaic panel is designated as the target tea garden area. One first nozzle is installed under each photovoltaic panel, ensuring its spray area matches the target tea garden area. The current soil moisture is compared with a preset ideal soil moisture. The ideal soil moisture can be set based on the tea tree's growth needs and soil characteristics, or pre-set based on experience, or determined using historical soil moisture data and historical tea tree growth data. For instance, a suitable soil moisture range for the current growth stage of the tea tree variety can be determined first, and the lower limit of this range can be used as the ideal soil moisture. Finally, by controlling subsequent nozzles, optimal growth conditions for the tea trees can be ensured, thereby improving the quality of the tea.

[0061] If the current soil moisture is lower than the ideal soil moisture, it is further determined whether the difference between the current soil moisture and the ideal soil moisture is greater than a first preset threshold. When the difference is greater than the first preset threshold, the target tea garden area is determined to be in a drought state and needs to be watered in time.

[0062] As a specific example, the current soil moisture is 30%, the ideal soil moisture is set to 50%, and the first preset threshold is set to 15%. The difference between the ideal soil moisture and the current soil moisture is 20%. If the difference is greater than the first preset threshold, then water needs to be added promptly. At this time, the first nozzle installed at the bottom of the photovoltaic panel module is controlled to enter the water spraying mode. The first nozzle is rotatable, and its spraying area matches the target tea garden area to ensure uniform watering. The first nozzle has both water spraying mode and mist spraying mode. After entering the water spraying mode, water is promptly added to irrigate the tea trees in the target tea garden area. If the difference is less than or equal to the first preset threshold, it is determined that the soil moisture is within the normal range, and no watering is needed. The first nozzle remains in the off state.

[0063] This application's solution monitors soil moisture and determines whether additional water is needed based on the difference, enabling timely water replenishment of tea gardens and avoiding water waste. This application does not rely on traditional manual irrigation, significantly improving irrigation efficiency, reducing labor costs, and effectively ensuring the growth conditions and quality of tea trees.

[0064] In a preferred embodiment, step S31, controlling the first nozzle to enter the water spraying mode to replenish water to the target tea garden area, specifically includes the following steps:

[0065] S311, using the formula ETC=K C *ET0 determines the current water requirement (ETC) of the tea trees in the target tea garden area; where K C ET0 is the water requirement coefficient for tea trees, and ET0 is the evapotranspiration of the reference crop.

[0066] Specifically, first determine the water requirement of the tea plant under the current conditions, K C The water requirement coefficient for tea trees varies depending on the growth stage of the tea tree. It can be obtained by consulting a database of crop water requirement coefficients or by relying on regional experience data. For example, the water requirement coefficient K for tea trees. C =0.7. ET0 is the reference crop evapotranspiration. The most common method is to calculate ET0 using data from weather stations. The unit is usually millimeters per day (mm / day) or liters per day (L / day). For example, the reference crop evapotranspiration ET0 is 5 mm / day. This part is the existing mature technology and will not be elaborated here.

[0067] S312, using the formula Q=ETC*S*(H) a -H t Determine the required water volume Q for the target tea garden area; where S is the area of ​​the target tea garden area, and H is the water volume Q. a For ideal soil moisture, H t Current soil moisture;

[0068] It is worth noting that, due to the water requirement coefficient K of tea trees C The unit is millimeters per day (mm / day), now converted to liters per square meter (L / m²). 2 Since 1 millimeter (mm) of water depth is equivalent to 1 liter (L) of water covering 1 square meter (m²), 2 The area is ). Therefore, the ETC value can be converted to liters per square meter (L / m²). 2 The above formula can be used to determine the required water volume Q for the target tea garden area, so as to determine the water spraying scheme of the first nozzle based on the water volume Q.

[0069] S313, allocate the spraying duration T and spraying intensity I of the first nozzle according to the spraying volume Q; wherein, Q=T*I; wherein, the unit of spraying duration T is minutes, and the unit of spraying intensity I is liters / minute.

[0070] S314, the first nozzle is controlled to enter the water spraying mode according to the water spraying duration and water spraying intensity, so as to replenish water to the target tea garden area.

[0071] This embodiment calculates the current water requirement and the amount of water needed for spraying the tea trees, enabling precise water replenishment to the tea garden area. This avoids resource waste caused by over-irrigation while ensuring that the tea trees receive adequate water to maintain normal growth.

[0072] As a preferred embodiment, step S1, obtaining the current soil moisture of the target tea garden area under the photovoltaic panel module, specifically includes the following steps:

[0073] S11, acquire soil moisture H measured by multiple soil moisture meters installed in the target tea garden area. i ; where H i The soil moisture value measured by the i-th soil moisture meter;

[0074] S12, using formula Calculate the average soil moisture value from all soil moisture meters. and the average soil moisture value The soil moisture content is defined as the current soil moisture in the target tea garden area; where N is the total number of soil moisture meters installed in the target tea garden area, with multiple soil moisture meters distributed at intervals within the target tea garden area. Preferably, the multiple soil moisture meters are distributed as evenly as possible within the target tea garden area.

[0075] Specifically, this embodiment uses multiple soil moisture meters to conduct multi-point detection within the target tea garden area, which can more comprehensively reflect the soil moisture status of the tea garden. Using the average soil moisture value as the current soil moisture index can more objectively reflect the overall soil moisture level of the tea garden. This embodiment uses soil moisture meters to detect soil moisture values, realizing effective monitoring of soil moisture and providing more timely and accurate feedback for tea garden management.

[0076] Furthermore, step S11 is followed by the following step:

[0077] Calculate the standard deviation of soil moisture values ​​of all soil moisture meters in the target tea garden area, and determine whether the standard deviation is greater than a second preset threshold.

[0078] If the standard deviation is greater than the second preset threshold, it is determined that the soil moisture distribution in the target tea garden area fluctuates greatly, and the minimum value among all soil moisture meters is taken as the current soil moisture, and the step of determining whether the current soil moisture is less than the ideal soil moisture is taken.

[0079] When the standard deviation is less than or equal to the second preset threshold, it is determined that the soil moisture distribution fluctuation in the target tea garden area is small, and the process proceeds to step S12.

[0080] Specifically, this embodiment calculates the standard deviation of soil moisture values ​​detected by all soil moisture meters. Standard deviation is a statistical measure of data dispersion and can be used to reflect the fluctuations between soil moisture values. If the standard deviation is greater than a second preset threshold, it is determined that the soil moisture distribution in the target tea garden area fluctuates greatly, possibly due to factors such as topography, soil type, and vegetation cover. In this case, the minimum soil moisture value among all soil moisture meters is taken as the current soil moisture. The minimum value better reflects the driest area in the tea garden, thereby ensuring that irrigation can cover the area most in need of water. Monitoring continues until the difference is less than or equal to the first preset threshold, at which point the soil moisture in the target tea garden area is determined to be within the normal range, and the first sprinkler head is controlled to be in the closed state.

[0081] If the standard deviation is less than or equal to the second preset threshold, it is determined that the soil moisture distribution in the target tea garden area has small fluctuations, and the process proceeds to step S12, where the average soil moisture value of all soil moisture meters is calculated and this value is used as the current soil moisture of the target tea garden area.

[0082] Preferably, after step S314, the method further includes the step of: returning to step S1 at the first time node when the water spraying time after the first nozzle is turned on ends.

[0083] Specifically, by re-detecting soil moisture after watering, the irrigation effect can be quickly fed back based on the changes in soil moisture after watering. If the soil moisture reaches the aforementioned set conditions, the first sprinkler head is turned off; if the aforementioned set conditions are not met, the irrigation time is extended until the soil moisture reaches the set conditions, so as to ensure accurate irrigation.

[0084] In a preferred embodiment, step S32 is followed by the following step:

[0085] S41, obtain the current time, and determine whether the current time is in the first preset period of morning, and determine whether the current time is in the first preset period of evening;

[0086] S42, when either the current time is in the first preset period of morning or the current time is in the first preset period of evening, control the first nozzle to enter the spray mode, wherein the spray time is 10 min to 30 min each time and the water consumption is 1L to 3L / square meter each time.

[0087] Specifically, the current time is first obtained, and then it is determined whether this time falls within the first preset time period of the morning (e.g., 6:00 AM to 8:00 AM) or the first preset time period of the evening (e.g., 5:00 PM to 7:00 PM). It is important to note that due to the shading effect of the photovoltaic panels, tea trees are prevented from receiving natural dew. To compensate for this deficiency, this example simulates natural dew generation to replenish the tea trees, allowing them to receive dew every morning and evening, just like tea trees in open-field tea gardens. This replenishes moisture and eliminates the growth hindrance caused by the photovoltaic panels blocking natural dew, effectively improving tea quality. Each spraying session is controlled between 10 and 30 minutes, and the water consumption is controlled between 1 and 3 liters per square meter to ensure the tea trees receive adequate moisture without over-wetting or wasting water.

[0088] In another preferred embodiment, step S32 is followed by the following step:

[0089] Obtain the current time and determine whether the current time is in the second preset time period of the morning and whether the current time is in the second preset time period of the evening; as a preferred example, the second preset time period of the morning is 6:00-8:00 in the morning and the second preset time period of the evening is 17:00-19:00 in the evening.

[0090] When the current time falls within the second preset morning period, acquire the illumination information outside the target tea garden area, and determine whether there is sunlight at the current time based on the illumination information; when the current time falls within the second preset morning period, or when the current time falls within the second preset evening period, acquire the illumination information outside the target tea garden area, and determine whether there is sunlight at the current time based on the illumination information. For example, this can be determined using a light sensor or weather forecast data.

[0091] If there is sunlight at the current moment, obtain the solar altitude angle h and solar azimuth angle A at the current moment; wherein, the solar altitude angle is the vertical altitude angle of the sun in the sky, and the solar azimuth angle is the horizontal direction angle of the sun in the sky;

[0092] The nozzle tilt angle θ1 of the second nozzle is determined according to the formula θ1=h-α, so that the nozzle tilt angle θ1 matches the solar altitude angle h, and then the second nozzle is controlled to enter the spray mode; wherein, the nozzle tilt angle θ1 is the angle between the second nozzle and the horizontal plane, α is the height adjustment angle, and the second nozzle is rotatably mounted on the first side of the photovoltaic panel module;

[0093] The nozzle azimuth angle β1 of the second nozzle is determined according to the formula β1=A+γ, and the second nozzle is adjusted to the nozzle azimuth angle β1 so that the nozzle azimuth angle β1 matches the solar azimuth angle A; wherein, the nozzle azimuth angle β1 is the angle between the second nozzle and the due south direction;

[0094] Specifically, under sunlight, the solar altitude angle *h* and solar azimuth angle *A* at the current moment are obtained. The solar altitude angle is the vertical angle of the sun in the sky, i.e., the angle between the sun's center and the horizon, which can be calculated using the solar altitude angle formula. The solar azimuth angle is the horizontal angle of the sun in the sky, i.e., the angle between the sun's center and due south. It can also be calculated using the solar azimuth angle formula. Both of these are readily available using mature existing technologies and will not be elaborated upon here.

[0095] To maximize the diffuse reflection effect, the nozzle tilt angle should be close to the solar altitude angle h, but slightly less than h, so that the water mist can scatter sunlight more evenly. Therefore, the nozzle tilt angle θ1 of the second nozzle is determined according to the formula θ1=h-α, so that the nozzle tilt angle θ1 matches the solar altitude angle h, where α is the height adjustment angle, which is an adjustment angle less than h, preferably between 5° and 10°.

[0096] To maximize the diffuse reflection effect, the nozzle azimuth angle is relative to the solar azimuth angle A. The nozzle azimuth angle β1 of the second nozzle is determined according to the formula β1=A+γ, where γ is an adjustment angle less than A, preferably between 5° and 10°.

[0097] Alternatively, when the current time is in the second preset period of evening, obtain the light information outside the target tea garden area, and determine whether there is sunlight at the current time based on the light information;

[0098] If there is sunlight at the current moment, obtain the solar altitude angle h and solar azimuth angle A at the current moment;

[0099] The nozzle tilt angle θ2 of the third nozzle is determined according to the formula θ2=h-α, so that the nozzle tilt angle θ2 matches the solar altitude angle h, and then the third nozzle is controlled to enter the spray mode; wherein, the nozzle tilt angle θ2 is the angle between the third nozzle and the horizontal plane, and the third nozzle is rotatably mounted on the second side of the photovoltaic panel assembly, and the second side and the first side are arranged opposite to each other on both sides of the photovoltaic panel assembly;

[0100] The nozzle azimuth angle β2 of the third nozzle is determined according to the formula β2=A+γ and adjusted to match the solar azimuth angle A; wherein, the nozzle azimuth angle β2 is the angle between the third nozzle and the due south direction.

[0101] Specifically, the control principle of the third nozzle is the same as that of the second nozzle.

[0102] It is important to note that tea trees are shade-loving and moisture-tolerant plants. They do not like strong direct sunlight and prefer soft, diffused light. In high-altitude tea gardens, due to the surrounding clouds and mist, direct sunlight is scattered into diffused light. Diffuse reflection can promote the synthesis of amino acids and chlorophyll, facilitate the accumulation of nitrogenous compounds and aromatic substances, maintain the tenderness of buds and leaves, and improve the overall quality of tea. However, due to the shading effect of photovoltaic panels, the diffuse reflection effect is weakened. Therefore, this embodiment uses a second and a third nozzle, which spray according to the angle of sunlight, thereby enhancing the diffuse reflection effect of sunlight.

[0103] Furthermore, since the sun is located in the east and west respectively during the second preset time period in the morning and the second preset time period in the evening, the second nozzle is rotatably mounted on the first side of the photovoltaic panel assembly, and the third nozzle is rotatably mounted on the second side of the photovoltaic panel assembly. The second side and the first side are arranged opposite to each other on both sides of the photovoltaic panel assembly. During the second preset time period in the morning, the second nozzle sprays according to the angle of the sunlight, and during the second preset time period in the evening, the third nozzle sprays according to the angle of the sunlight. The spraying duration can be set according to actual needs, for example, spraying for 30 minutes every day.

[0104] The present invention also provides an electronic device for water replenishment in photovoltaic tea gardens, comprising:

[0105] The soil moisture acquisition unit is used to acquire the current soil moisture in the target tea garden area under the photovoltaic panel module;

[0106] A soil moisture determination unit is used to determine whether the current soil moisture is less than the ideal soil moisture; when the current soil moisture is less than the ideal soil moisture, it determines the difference between the ideal soil moisture and the current soil moisture, and determines whether the difference is greater than a first preset threshold.

[0107] The water replenishment analysis unit is used to determine that the target tea garden area is in a drought state when the difference is greater than a first preset threshold, and control the first nozzle to enter the water spraying mode to replenish water to the target tea garden area; when the difference is less than or equal to the first preset threshold, it is determined that the soil moisture of the target tea garden area is within the normal range, and the first nozzle is controlled to be in the off state.

[0108] This invention also provides a photovoltaic tea garden, comprising multiple photovoltaic panel components, multiple first nozzles, a water supply component (which can use conventional water supply pipelines for water supply), and a control system. Each photovoltaic panel component is mounted above tea trees via a support frame. Each first nozzle is rotatably mounted on the bottom of the photovoltaic panel component. The spray area of ​​each first nozzle matches the target tea garden area. The first nozzle has a water spraying mode and a mist spraying mode. The water supply component supplies water to the first nozzles. The first nozzles are signal-connected to the control system. The control system includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps of the photovoltaic tea garden water replenishment method described above.

[0109] Furthermore, when using a soil moisture meter to detect soil moisture values, the soil moisture meter is connected to the control system to facilitate analysis and decision-making regarding the soil moisture values; furthermore, both the second and third nozzles are connected to the control system to facilitate corresponding control of the second and third nozzles.

[0110] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the scope of the patent. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made based on the description and drawings of the present invention, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the scope of patent protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for replenishing water in a photovoltaic tea garden, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1, obtain the current soil moisture of the target tea garden area under the photovoltaic panel module, and determine whether the current soil moisture is less than the ideal soil moisture; S2, when the current soil moisture is less than the ideal soil moisture, determine the difference between the ideal soil moisture and the current soil moisture, and determine whether the difference is greater than a first preset threshold. S31, when the difference is greater than a first preset threshold, it is determined that the target tea garden area is in a drought state, and the first nozzle is controlled to enter the water spraying mode to replenish water to the target tea garden area; wherein, the first nozzle is rotatably installed at the bottom of the photovoltaic panel assembly, the spraying area of ​​the first nozzle is matched with the target tea garden area, and the first nozzle has a water spraying mode and a mist spraying mode. S32, when the difference is less than or equal to the first preset threshold, it is determined that the soil moisture of the target tea garden area is within the normal range, and the first nozzle is controlled to be in the closed state. The step S32 is followed by the following step: Obtain the current time, and determine whether the current time is in the second preset period of morning, and determine whether the current time is in the second preset period of evening; When the current time is in the second preset period of the morning, obtain the light information outside the target tea garden area, and determine whether there is sunlight at the current time based on the light information; When sunlight is present at the current moment, obtain the solar altitude angle h and solar azimuth angle A at the current moment; wherein, the solar altitude angle is the vertical altitude angle of the sun in the sky, and the solar azimuth angle is the horizontal direction angle of the sun in the sky; According to the formula Determine the nozzle tilt angle of the second nozzle. So that the nozzle tilt angle Matching the solar altitude angle h, the second nozzle is then controlled to enter the spray mode; wherein, the nozzle tilt angle The angle between the second nozzle and the horizontal plane. For height adjustment, the second nozzle is rotatably mounted on the first side of the photovoltaic panel assembly; According to the formula Determine the nozzle azimuth angle of the second nozzle. And adjust the second nozzle to the nozzle azimuth angle. So that the azimuth angle of the nozzle is... Matching the solar azimuth angle A; wherein, the nozzle azimuth angle The angle between the second nozzle and the due south direction; The second preset time period in the morning is 6:00-8:00 in the morning, and the second preset time period in the evening is 17:00-19:00 in the evening.

2. The water replenishment method for photovoltaic tea gardens according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S31, which involves controlling the first nozzle to enter the water spraying mode to replenish water to the target tea garden area, specifically includes the following steps: S311, using formula Determine the current water requirement of the tea trees in the target tea garden area. ;in, This is the water requirement coefficient for tea trees. For reference crop evapotranspiration; S312, using formula Determine the required water volume for the target tea garden area. ;in, The area of ​​the target tea plantation region. For ideal soil moisture, Current soil moisture; S313, according to the spray volume Assign the water spray duration T and water spray intensity of the first nozzle I ;in, ; S314, the first nozzle is controlled to enter the water spraying mode according to the water spraying duration and water spraying intensity, so as to replenish water to the target tea garden area.

3. The water replenishment method for photovoltaic tea gardens according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step S1 of obtaining the current soil moisture of the target tea garden area under the photovoltaic panel module specifically includes the following steps: S11, Obtain soil moisture detected by multiple soil moisture meters installed in the target tea garden area. ;in, The soil moisture value measured by the i-th soil moisture meter; S12, using formula Calculate the average soil moisture value from all soil moisture meters. and the average soil moisture value The current soil moisture of the target tea garden area; where N is the total number of soil moisture meters set up in the target tea garden area, and multiple soil moisture meters are distributed at intervals in the target tea garden area.

4. The water replenishment method for photovoltaic tea gardens according to claim 3, characterized in that, The step S11 is followed by the following steps: Calculate the standard deviation of soil moisture values ​​of all soil moisture meters in the target tea garden area, and determine whether the standard deviation is greater than a second preset threshold. If the standard deviation is greater than the second preset threshold, it is determined that the soil moisture distribution in the target tea garden area fluctuates greatly, and the minimum value among all soil moisture meters is taken as the current soil moisture, and the step of determining whether the current soil moisture is less than the ideal soil moisture is taken. When the standard deviation is less than or equal to the second preset threshold, it is determined that the soil moisture distribution fluctuation in the target tea garden area is small, and the process proceeds to step S12.

5. The water replenishment method for photovoltaic tea gardens according to claim 2, characterized in that, The step S314 is followed by the step of returning to step S1 at the first time node when the water spraying time after the first nozzle is turned on ends.

6. The water replenishment method for photovoltaic tea gardens according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step S32 is followed by the following step: When the current time is in the second preset period of evening, obtain the light information outside the target tea garden area, and determine whether there is sunlight at the current time based on the light information; Given that sunlight is present at the current moment, obtain the solar altitude angle h and solar azimuth angle A at the current moment. According to the formula Determine the nozzle tilt angle of the third nozzle. So that the nozzle tilt angle Matching the solar altitude angle h, the third nozzle is then controlled to enter the spray mode; wherein, the nozzle tilt angle The angle between the third nozzle and the horizontal plane is defined as follows: the third nozzle is rotatably mounted on the second side of the photovoltaic panel assembly, and the second side and the first side are disposed opposite to each other on both sides of the photovoltaic panel assembly. According to the formula Determine the nozzle azimuth angle of the third nozzle. Adjust to nozzle azimuth angle So that the azimuth angle of the nozzle is... Matching the solar azimuth angle A; wherein, the nozzle azimuth angle The angle between the third nozzle and the due south direction is given.

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