Inland city insect community structure and diversity monitoring device and method

Abstract

The invention discloses an inland city insect community structure and diversity monitoring device and method.The inland city insect community structure and diversity monitoring device comprises a bearing column, the top of the bearing column is provided with an outer shell, the inner wall of the outer shell is rotationally provided with an inner shell, the outer wall of the outer shell and the outer wall of the inner shell are each provided with a first through opening, and the outer shell communicates with the bearing column through a guide pipeline; an insect collecting part is arranged in the outer shell and located at the bottom of the inner shell. The insect trapping mechanism is arranged in the inner shell and comprises an insect trapping lamp, an insect trapping device and an insect trapping device; a gas supply unit; the driving part is used for driving the inner shell to rotate by a preset angle; an image acquisition device is further arranged at the bottom of the trap lamp. The insect trapping mechanism can attract flying insects and reptile insects to enter the inner shell, image data of the insects in the inner shell are collected through the image collecting device and sent to the external monitoring terminal to be analyzed and processed, so that insect community and diversity data are obtained, the monitoring efficiency is high, the collected insect data are wider, and the safety is high. And the accuracy and comprehensiveness of a monitoring result are ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of insect monitoring, and in particular to a device and method for monitoring the structure and diversity of insect colonies in inland cities. Background Art

[0002] In urban ecosystems, insects are an important component of biodiversity. They are numerous, numerous, widely distributed, and have diverse diets. They occupy an important intermediate link in the complex food web of the ecosystem and play an important role in the energy flow, material transformation, and natural balance of the urban ecosystem. Therefore, it is necessary to monitor the structure and diversity of insect communities.

[0003] The traditional monitoring method is to manually observe the survey plots, search and collect, and capture insects in each survey plot by sweeping nets, netting, shaking and other methods. Then the captured insects are put into poison bottles or 75% alcohol bottles and brought back to the room for specimen preparation, identification and species identification statistics to achieve monitoring of insect community structure and diversity. However, the above monitoring method has the following defects:

[0004] 1. The efficiency is relatively low, the labor intensity is high, and it is not easy to capture insects, which not only affects the progress of monitoring, but also limits the accuracy and comprehensiveness of the monitoring results;

[0005] 2. After each insect collection, liquid needs to be used to make the insect lose consciousness. However, this method increases the workload of manual labor on the one hand, and liquid (poison or alcohol) can easily cause certain harm to manual labor on the other hand, which poses a safety hazard.

[0006] To this end, we propose a device and method for monitoring the structure and diversity of inland urban insect communities. Summary of the invention

[0007] The object of the present invention is to provide a device and method for monitoring the structure and diversity of insect colonies in inland cities, so as to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0008] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0009] An inland city insect colony structure and diversity monitoring device, comprising:

[0010] A bearing column, with an outer shell on the top, an inner shell rotatably provided on the inner wall of the outer shell, a plurality of groups of mutually connected through-ports 1 are provided on the outer walls of the outer shell and the inner shell, the outer shell and the lower end of the bearing column are connected through a guide pipe, the inner wall of the inner shell is provided with a through-port 2 connected with the guide pipe, the lower end of the outer wall of the bearing column is provided with a guide port, and an insect collecting portion is provided inside the outer shell and at the bottom of the inner shell;

[0011] The insect trapping mechanism is arranged in the inner shell, and the insect trapping mechanism comprises:

[0012] An insect-attracting lamp is arranged on the top wall of the outer shell and located in the inner cavity of the inner shell;

[0013] A gas supply part, used for supplying gas into the inner cavity of the inner shell and the guide pipeline;

[0014] A driving part, used for driving the inner shell to rotate at a preset angle, so that the first opening on the outer shell and the inner shell are staggered, and the second opening and the guide pipeline are staggered;

[0015] An image acquisition device wirelessly connected to an external monitoring terminal is also provided at the bottom of the insect-attracting lamp, and the image acquisition device is used to collect image data of insects entering the inner shell.

[0016] A further improvement is that the insect collecting part comprises:

[0017] A funnel is connected to the bottom of the inner shell, the discharge end of the funnel is rotated to connect to one end of the introduction pipe, a solenoid valve is provided in the introduction pipe, and the other end of the introduction pipe eccentrically penetrates the bottom of the outer shell;

[0018] A loading ring is rotatably arranged at the bottom of the housing and is coaxial with the housing. A plurality of groups of placement bottles corresponding to the other end of the introduction tube and for insects to enter are inserted at the bottom of the loading ring.

[0019] The intermittent rotating part is arranged on the outer wall of the loading ring and is in driving connection with the driving part. The driving part drives the loading ring to intermittently rotate at a preset angle so that a placed bottle is exactly corresponding to the other end of the introduction tube.

[0020] A further improvement is that the gas supply unit comprises:

[0021] An air induction device is arranged on the housing, a flow divider is arranged at the output end of the air induction device, one side of the flow divider is respectively connected with a connecting pipeline 1 and a connecting pipeline 2, the flow divider is in driving connection with a driving unit, and the driving unit drives the gas supplied by the air induction device to enter the connecting pipeline 1 or the connecting pipeline 2, the connecting pipeline 1 is connected with a flow divider, the flow divider is arranged on the top wall of the housing and a plurality of groups of connected air outlet nozzles are arranged at the bottom thereof, the connecting pipeline 1 is also connected with an anesthesia sprayer through a one-way pipeline 1, and the anesthesia sprayer is used to supply anesthetic to the connecting pipeline 1;

[0022] A storage tank is arranged on the outer shell and stores bait inside. One end of the storage tank is connected to one end of connecting pipe 2, and the other end is connected to one-way pipe 2 and a one-way air outlet pipe. The one-way pipe 2 is connected to the diversion pipe, and the one-way air outlet pipe extends into the inner shell and corresponds to the end of the guide pipe away from the supporting column.

[0023] A further improvement is that the driving unit comprises:

[0024] A rotating device is arranged on the outer shell, the output end of the rotating device extends into the inner shell and is provided with a gear, and the inner wall of the inner shell is provided with a tooth groove meshing with the gear;

[0025] The rotating shaft is rotatably arranged on the top of the shell and is drivingly connected to the output end of the rotating device. The rotating shaft is drivingly connected to the intermittent rotating part and the diverter part.

[0026] A further improvement is that the intermittent rotating part comprises:

[0027] A ratchet wheel, a fixed sleeve is arranged on the outer wall of the loading ring;

[0028] A toggle pawl is arranged in the ratchet teeth on the outer wall of the ratchet wheel, the toggle pawl is rotatably connected to one end of the movable plate through the rotating shaft, and the other end of the movable plate is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating shaft. When the rotating device drives the inner shell to rotate and reset, the toggle pawl is driven by the rotating shaft to drive the loading ring to rotate in the first direction by a preset angle;

[0029] The limiting pawl is arranged in the ratchet teeth of the outer wall of the ratchet wheel and is connected to the outer wall of the shell through a torsion spring shaft member, and is used to limit the rotation of the ratchet wheel in a second direction, wherein the first direction and the second direction are opposite to each other.

[0030] A further improvement is that the diversion portion comprises:

[0031] A flow diverter seat is arranged on the housing, one side of the flow diverter seat is connected to the output end of the induced draft device, and one side of the flow diverter seat is provided with a first output end and a second output end connected to the connecting pipeline 1 and the connecting pipeline 2 from bottom to top;

[0032] A movable plate is inserted on the top of the shunt seat, and its bottom is connected to the bottom wall of the shunt seat through an elastic member. The movable plate is provided with an air outlet that is interconnected with the second output end. When the air outlet is exactly corresponding to the second output end, the first output end is closed by the movable plate.

[0033] A contact rod, one end of which is connected to the movable plate, and the other end of which is eccentrically slidably abutted against a disk body. The disk body is fixedly arranged on the top of the rotating shaft, and an arc-shaped protrusion is arranged on the top of the disk body. After the inner shell rotates by a preset angle, the arc-shaped protrusion contacts the contact rod and drives the contact rod to drive the movable plate upward to a preset position, so that the second output end is closed by the movable plate and the first output end is opened.

[0034] A further improvement is that the outer wall of the shell is provided with an electrical device electrically connected to the insect attractant lamp, image acquisition equipment, solenoid valve, air induced equipment and anesthesia sprayer, and the electrical device is also electrically connected to an external monitoring terminal. The electrical device includes: a protective shell, a controller arranged in the protective shell, and a wireless communicator.

[0035] A further improvement is that a photovoltaic device electrically connected to the electrical device is provided on the housing.

[0036] A method for monitoring the structure and diversity of insect colonies in inland cities, using the above-mentioned monitoring device, comprises the following steps:

[0037] S1: Select a survey plot and install the supporting column in the survey plot. During monitoring, turn on the insect trap lamp and the gas supply part. The gas in the insect trap lamp and the inner shell can attract flying insects to enter the inner cavity of the inner shell through the opening 1. At the same time, the gas flows in the guide pipe and is discharged from the guide port, thereby attracting crawling insects to enter the inner cavity of the inner shell through the guide pipe.

[0038] S2: After the insect trap lamp and the gas supply unit are turned on for a preset time, the driving unit is turned on to drive the inner shell to rotate by a preset angle, so that the first opening on the outer shell and the inner shell are staggered, and the second opening and the guide pipeline are staggered;

[0039] S3: The image acquisition device acquires the image data of the insects in the inner shell, and sends the image data of the insects in the inner shell to the external monitoring terminal for analysis and processing, so as to obtain the insect colony and diversity data, and collect the insects in the inner shell through the insect collection unit.

[0040] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0041] 1) The present invention can be installed in the survey site, and the insect trapping mechanism can lure flying insects and crawling insects into the inner shell. The image data of the insects in the inner shell is collected by the image acquisition device and sent to the external monitoring terminal for analysis and processing, so as to obtain the insect community and diversity data. The monitoring efficiency is high, the labor consumption is small, and the insect data is more extensive, which ensures the accuracy and comprehensiveness of the monitoring results;

[0042] 2) The present invention drives the inner shell to rotate through the driving part so that the outer shell and the first opening on the inner shell are staggered, and the second opening and the guide pipeline are staggered, so as to prevent the insects entering the inner shell from escaping from the inner shell. At this time, the diversion part cooperates with the anesthesia sprayer to anesthetize the insects in the inner shell, and uses gas, funnel and guide pipeline to guide the anesthetized insects into the placement bottle for storage, so that they can be manually brought back to the room for specimen preparation, identification and statistical data. This method reduces the workload of manual labor and is not easy to cause harm to manual labor, and has high safety in use;

[0043] 3) The present invention is also provided with an intermittent rotating part, which synchronously drives the assembly ring to rotate a preset angle each time the driving part causes the inner shell to rotate and reset, so that another placement bottle corresponds to the guide pipeline, which is convenient for classifying and placing insects captured in different time periods, thereby improving the applicability of the monitoring device and improving the efficiency of insect collection. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0044] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the monitoring device of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 1 Another perspective structural diagram;

[0046] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 AA section view in;

[0047] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the gas supply part of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the driving part of the present invention.

[0049] In the figure: 1. load-bearing column; 2. outer shell; 3. inner shell; 4. port 1; 5. insect-attracting lamp; 6. image acquisition device; 7. funnel; 8. inlet pipe; 9. storage tank; 10. shunt seat; 11. connecting pipeline 1; 12. anesthetic sprayer; 13. movable plate; 14. disk; 15. arc-shaped protrusion; 16. contact rod; 17. air-inducing device; 18. shunt pipe; 19. exhaust pipe; 20. guide pipeline; 21. guide port; 22. movable plate; 23. rotating shaft; 24. toggle pawl; 25. ratchet; 26. limit pawl; 27. placement bottle; 28. electrical equipment; 29. ​​photovoltaic equipment; 30. rotating equipment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0051] See also Figure 1-Figure 3 , a device for monitoring the structure and diversity of insect colonies in inland cities, comprising:

[0052] A bearing column 1, with an outer shell 2 on the top, and a mounting plate on the bottom of the bearing column 1, so that the monitoring device can be installed at a desired position. An inner shell 3 is rotatably provided on the inner wall of the outer shell 2, and the upper and lower ends of the inner shell 3 are both hollow. The inner shell 3 is connected to the outer shell 2 through a bearing, so that the inner shell 3 can rotate relative to the outer shell 2. The outer walls of the outer shell 2 and the inner shell 3 are both provided with a plurality of groups of mutually connected through-ports 4. When the through-ports 4 on the outer shell 2 and the inner shell 3 are exactly corresponding, it is convenient for flying insects to enter the inner shell 3. The outer shell 2 and the lower end of the bearing column 1 are connected through a guide pipe 20, and the inner wall of the guide pipe 20 is a rough surface to facilitate crawling insects to crawl. A through-port 2 connected to the guide pipe 20 is provided on the inner wall of the inner shell 3, so that the crawling insects can enter the inner shell 3 through the guide pipe 20 and the through-port 2. A guide port 21 is provided at the lower end of the outer wall of the bearing column 1. An insect collecting part is provided in the outer shell 2 and at the bottom of the inner shell 3, which is used to collect insects entering the inner shell 3 for subsequent analysis and tracing back.

[0053] The insect trapping mechanism is arranged in the inner shell 3, and the insect trapping mechanism includes:

[0054] The insect trap lamp 5 is arranged on the top wall of the outer shell 2 and located in the inner cavity of the inner shell 3, and uses the insect's phototaxis to attract insects. It belongs to conventional electrical equipment in the field and will not be described in detail here;

[0055] The gas supply part is used to supply gas into the inner cavity of the inner shell 3 and the guide pipeline 20. The gas includes anesthetic gas, insect attracting gas and air. The anesthetic gas can anesthetize the insects in the inner shell 3 so that the insect collecting part can better collect the insects and bring them back to the room for specimen preparation, identification and statistical data. The insect attracting gas can easily attract the insects into the inner shell 3, and the air can easily make the insects enter the insect collecting part;

[0056] The driving part is used to drive the inner shell 3 to rotate at a preset angle, so that the outer shell 2 and the through-port 1 4 on the inner shell 3 are staggered, and the through-port 2 and the guide pipe 20 are staggered. When the driving part drives the inner shell 3 to rotate and reset, the outer shell 2 and the through-port 1 4 on the inner shell 3 are exactly corresponding, and the through-port 2 and the guide pipe 20 are exactly corresponding, so that it is convenient for insects to enter the inner shell 3 or prevent the insects from escaping the inner shell 3 after entering the inner shell 3;

[0057] The bottom of the insect trap lamp 5 is also provided with an image acquisition device 6 wirelessly connected to an external monitoring terminal. The image acquisition device 6 is a camera, and the image acquisition device 6 is used to collect image data of insects entering the inner shell 3;

[0058] The external monitoring terminal includes an analysis module, etc. For example, the analysis module can determine the species information of the insects in the inner shell 3 by comparing the flight characteristics and morphological characteristics of the insects with the corresponding information of known species in the database. By counting the number of insects of each species and other information, the species composition and quantity distribution of the insect community can be analyzed to understand the main species and secondary species of the community. The diversity index of the insect community, such as the Shannon-Wiener index and the Simpson index, can also be calculated based on the statistical results.

[0059] Preferably, the insect collecting part of this embodiment includes: a funnel 7, which is connected to the bottom of the inner shell 3 and rotates with the inner shell 3. The discharge end of the funnel 7 rotates to connect one end of the introduction tube 8. A bearing is provided at the connection between the funnel 7 and the introduction tube 8 so that the rotation of the funnel 7 does not affect the introduction tube 8. A solenoid valve is provided in the introduction tube 8. The other end of the introduction tube 8 eccentrically penetrates the bottom of the outer shell 2. By opening the solenoid valve, insects can enter the introduction tube 8 through the funnel 7;

[0060] The loading ring is rotatably arranged at the bottom of the housing 2 through a bearing and is coaxial with the housing 2. The bottom of the loading ring is provided with a plurality of groups of placement bottles 27 corresponding to the other end of the introduction tube 8 and for insects to enter. The placement bottles 27 and the loading ring can be threadedly connected to facilitate disassembly and assembly.

[0061] The intermittent rotating part is arranged on the outer wall of the loading ring and is in driving connection with the driving part. The driving part drives the loading ring to intermittently rotate at a preset angle so that a placement bottle 27 corresponds to the other end of the introduction tube 8, so as to classify and place insects obtained in different time periods.

[0062] See also Figure 4-Figure 5

[0063] Preferably, the gas supply part of this embodiment includes: an induced draft device 17, which is arranged on the outer shell 2, and the induced draft device 17 is an induced draft fan. The output end of the induced draft device 17 is provided with a splitter, and one side of the splitter is respectively connected to a connecting pipeline 11 and a connecting pipeline 2, and the splitter is connected to the driving part by transmission, and the driving part drives the gas supplied by the induced draft device 17 to enter the connecting pipeline 11 or the connecting pipeline 2, and the connecting pipeline 11 is connected to the splitter pipe 18, which is annular, and the splitter pipe 18 is arranged on the top wall of the outer shell 2 and has a plurality of groups of connected gas outlets at the bottom thereof. The connecting pipe 11 is also connected to the anesthesia sprayer 12 through a one-way pipe 1. The anesthesia sprayer 12 is used to supply anesthetics to the connecting pipe 11. The anesthesia sprayer 12 includes an electric sprayer and a tank body connected to the electric sprayer for storing anesthetics. An appropriate amount of anesthetics can be supplied to the connecting pipe 11 through the anesthesia sprayer 12, and then the anesthetics are mixed with the air supplied by the connecting pipe 11 and sprayed out from the air outlet of the shunt pipe 18 to anesthetize the insects in the inner shell 3, so that the insects lose consciousness and fall on the funnel 7, which is convenient for subsequent collection of the insects;

[0064] The storage tank 9 is arranged on the outer shell 2, and the bait is stored in it. The storage tank 9 can be transparent, so that the user can observe whether the bait inside is sufficient and add it in time. The bait can be selected according to the actual situation, which will not be described in detail here. One end of the storage tank 9 is connected to one end of the connecting pipe 2, and the other end is connected to the one-way pipe 2 and the one-way air outlet pipe 19. The size of the bait is larger than the one-way pipe 2 and the one-way air outlet pipe 19 to prevent the bait from entering the one-way pipe 2 and the one-way air outlet pipe 19. The one-way pipe 2 is connected to the shunt pipe 18, and the one-way pipe 18 is connected to the shunt pipe 18. The outlet pipe 19 extends into the inner shell 3 and corresponds to the end of the guide pipe 20 away from the supporting column 1. After the air is supplied by the induced draft device 17 and enters the storage tank 9 through the connecting pipe 2, the smell of the bait enters the shunt pipe 18 and the guide pipe 20 respectively through the one-way pipe 2 and the one-way outlet pipe 19. The bait gas sprayed from the outlet nozzle of the shunt pipe 18 can better attract insects. At the same time, the bait gas entering the guide pipe 20 is discharged from the guide port 21, attracting reptiles to enter the inner shell 3 through the guide pipe 20;

[0065] The one-way pipeline 1, the one-way pipeline 2 and the one-way air outlet pipe 19 are all pipelines with one-way valves inside.

[0066] Preferably, the driving part of this embodiment includes: a rotating device 30, which is arranged on the outer shell 2, the output end of the rotating device 30 extends into the inner shell 3 and is provided with a gear, the inner wall of the inner shell 3 is provided with a tooth groove meshing with the gear, the rotating device 30 includes a servo motor and a reducer, the rotating device 30 controls the rotation of the gear, and then the gear and the tooth groove cooperate to drive the inner shell 3 to rotate relative to the outer shell 2;

[0067] The rotating shaft is rotatably arranged on the top of the housing 2 through a bearing and is transmission-connected to the output end of the rotating device 30. The rotating shaft and the output end of the rotating device 30 are transmission-connected by, for example, a sprocket transmission group (including a sprocket and a chain), and the rotating shaft is transmission-connected to the intermittent rotating part and the diversion part.

[0068] Preferably, the intermittent rotating part of this embodiment includes: a ratchet 25, which is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the loading ring, and the ratchet 25 can only rotate in one direction;

[0069] The toggle pawl 24 is arranged in the ratchet teeth on the outer wall of the ratchet wheel 25. The toggle pawl 24 is rotatably connected to one end of the movable plate 22 through the rotating shaft 23. The other end of the movable plate 22 is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating shaft. When the rotating device 30 drives the inner shell 3 to rotate and reset, the toggle pawl 24 is driven by the rotating shaft to drive the loading ring to rotate in the first direction by a preset angle. Please refer to Figure 5, the first direction is clockwise, and the second direction is counterclockwise. Specifically, when the rotating device 30 drives the inner shell 3 to rotate, the ports 1 and 4 on the outer shell 2 and the inner shell 3 are staggered, and the port 2 and the guide pipe 20 are staggered, the rotating shaft is synchronously driven, and the rotating shaft drives the movable plate 22. The movable plate 22 drives the toggle pawl 24 through the rotating shaft to rotate relative to the ratchet 25 and along the pawl to the second direction (counterclockwise) to a preset position. When the rotating device 30 drives the inner shell 3 to rotate and reset, the ports 1 and 4 on the outer shell 2 and the inner shell 3 are corresponding, and the port 2 and the guide pipe 20 are corresponding, the rotating shaft is synchronously driven, and the rotating shaft drives the movable plate 22. The movable plate 22 drives the toggle pawl 24 through the rotating shaft to drive the ratchet 25 to rotate in the first direction (clockwise) to a preset angle. At this time, a placement bottle 27 is corresponding to the other end of the introduction pipe 8. In this way, different placement bottles 27 can be corresponding to the other end of the introduction pipe 8 to store insects;

[0070] The limiting pawl 26 is arranged in the ratchet teeth of the outer wall of the ratchet wheel 25 and is connected to the outer wall of the housing 2 through the torsion spring shaft 23. The torsion spring shaft 23 includes a mounting block, a shaft portion rotatably arranged on the mounting block, and a torsion spring connecting the shaft portion and the mounting block, and is used to limit the rotation of the ratchet wheel 25 in the second direction. Figure 5 , so that when the pawl 24 is moved relative to the ratchet 25 and rotated in the second direction (counterclockwise) along the pawl, the ratchet 25 will not rotate in the second direction (counterclockwise), but can only rotate in the first direction (clockwise), and the first direction and the second direction are opposite to each other.

[0071] Preferably, the flow dividing part of this embodiment comprises: a flow dividing seat 10, which is arranged on the housing 2, one side of the flow dividing seat 10 is connected to the output end of the air induction device 17, and one side of the flow dividing seat 10 is respectively provided with a first output end and a second output end connected to the connecting pipeline 11 and the connecting pipeline 2 from bottom to top;

[0072] The movable plate 13 is inserted at the top of the diverter seat 10, and its bottom is connected to the bottom wall of the diverter seat 10 through an elastic member, the elastic member is, for example, a spring, and an air outlet is provided on the movable plate 13, which is interconnected with the second output end. When the air outlet corresponds to the second output end, the first output end is closed by the movable plate 13, so that the air supplied by the air induction device 17 enters the diverter seat 10, and then enters the connecting pipeline 2 from the air outlet and the second output end;

[0073] The contact rod 16 has one end connected to the movable plate 13 and the other end eccentrically slidingly abuts against the disk body 14. A ball may be embedded in the end of the contact rod 16 to contact the disk body 14. The disk body 14 is fixedly arranged on the top of the rotating shaft and rotates with the rotating shaft. An arc-shaped protrusion 15 is arranged on the top of the disk body 14. The arc-shaped protrusion 15 contacts the contact rod 16 after the inner shell 3 rotates by a preset angle and drives the contact rod 16 to drive the movable plate 13 upward to a preset position, so that the second output end is closed by the movable plate 13 and the first output end is opened. Specifically, after the inner shell 3 rotates by a preset angle, the outer shell 2 and the inner shell 3 are opened. The port 14 is staggered, and the port 2 and the guide pipe 20 are staggered. At this time, the inner cavity of the inner shell 3 is closed, and the air supplied by the draft device 17 enters the shunt seat 10 and then enters the connecting pipe 11. A proper amount of anesthetic can be injected through the anesthetic sprayer 12, and then the anesthetic mixed gas forms anesthetic gas, which enters the shunt pipe 18 and is sprayed from the air outlet to anesthetize the insects in the inner shell 3. After the insects are anesthetized, the anesthetic sprayer 12 is turned off, the solenoid valve is opened, and the air sprayed from the air outlet allows the insects anesthetized on the funnel 7 to enter the introduction pipe 8 and then enter the corresponding placement bottle 27.

[0074] Preferably, the outer wall of the shell 2 of this embodiment is provided with an electrical device 28 electrically connected to the insect attractant light 5, the image acquisition device 6, the solenoid valve, the draft device 17 and the anesthesia sprayer 12. The electrical device 28 is also electrically connected to the external monitoring terminal. The electrical device 28 includes: a protective shell, a controller and a wireless communicator arranged in the protective shell. The controller and the wireless communicator are convenient for users to remotely control the opening or closing of the insect attractant light 5, the image acquisition device 6, the solenoid valve, the draft device 17 and the anesthesia sprayer 12, and at the same time, it is convenient to receive the insect image data collected by the image acquisition device 6.

[0075] Preferably, a photovoltaic device 29 electrically connected to the electrical device 28 is provided on the housing 2 of this embodiment. The photovoltaic device 29 includes a photovoltaic panel and a battery, etc., so as to conveniently supply power to the electrical devices in the device.

[0076] A method for monitoring the structure and diversity of insect colonies in inland cities, using the above-mentioned monitoring device, comprises the following steps:

[0077] S1: Select a survey plot and install the supporting column 1 in the survey plot. During monitoring, turn on the insect trap lamp 5 and the gas supply part. The gas from the insect trap lamp 5 and the inner shell 3 can attract flying insects to enter the inner cavity of the inner shell 3 through the opening 14. At the same time, the gas flows in the guide pipe 20 and is discharged from the guide port 21, thereby attracting crawling insects to enter the inner cavity of the inner shell 3 through the guide pipe 20.

[0078] Among them, the induced draft device 17 is turned on, and the induced draft device 17 allows the gas to enter the diverter seat 10, and then enter the connecting pipeline 2 through the gas outlet and the second output end, and then the gas enters the storage tank 9 and contacts the internal bait to form bait gas, and then enters the diverter pipe 18 and the guide pipeline 20;

[0079] S2: After the insect trap lamp 5 and the gas supply part are turned on for a preset time, the inner shell 3 is driven to rotate by a preset angle by turning on the driving part, so that the openings 1 and 4 on the outer shell 2 and the inner shell 3 are staggered, and the opening 2 and the guide pipe 20 are staggered;

[0080] Among them, when the openings 14 on the outer shell 2 and the inner shell 3 are staggered, and the opening 2 and the guide pipeline 20 are staggered, the air induction device 17 allows the gas to enter the shunt seat 10 and then enter the connecting pipeline 11 through the gas outlet and the second output end. The connecting pipeline 11 is closed after a proper amount of anesthetic is supplied to the anesthetic sprayer 12. The anesthetic gas enters the shunt pipe 18 and is sprayed from the gas outlet to anesthetize the insects entering the inner shell 3. The insects lose consciousness and fall on the funnel 7;

[0081] S3: The image acquisition device 6 acquires insect image data of the inner shell 3, and sends the insect image data of the inner shell 3 to the external monitoring terminal for analysis and processing, obtains insect colony and diversity data, and collects insects in the inner shell 3 through the insect collection unit;

[0082] Among them, after collecting the insect image data of the inner shell 3, the solenoid valve is opened, and the insects located on the funnel 7 enter the introduction tube 8 under the action of the gas sprayed from the air outlet nozzle, and then enter the corresponding placement bottle 27. Subsequently, the inner shell 3 is driven to rotate and reset by opening the rotating device 30, so that the outer shell 2 and the port 1 4 on the inner shell 3 correspond to each other, and the port 2 corresponds to the guide pipeline 20. At this time, the connecting pipeline 2 is connected, and the ratchet 25 drives the loading ring to rotate a preset angle, so that the other placement bottle 27 corresponds to the introduction tube 8.

[0083] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A device for monitoring the structure and diversity of insect colonies in inland cities, characterized in that: include: A bearing column (1) is provided with an outer shell (2) on the top, an inner shell (3) is rotatably provided on the inner wall of the outer shell (2), the outer walls of the outer shell (2) and the inner shell (3) are both provided with a plurality of groups of mutually connected through-ports (4), the outer shell (2) and the lower end of the bearing column (1) are connected via a guide pipe (20), the inner wall of the inner shell (3) is provided with a through-port (2) connected to the guide pipe (20), the lower end of the outer wall of the bearing column (1) is provided with a guide port (21), and an insect collecting portion is provided inside the outer shell (2) and at the bottom of the inner shell (3); The insect trapping mechanism is arranged in the inner shell (3), and the insect trapping mechanism comprises: An insect attracting lamp (5) is arranged on the top wall of the outer shell (2) and is located in the inner cavity of the inner shell (3); A gas supply portion, used for supplying gas into the inner cavity of the inner shell (3) and the guide pipeline (20); A driving unit, used for driving the inner shell (3) to rotate at a preset angle, so that the first through-port (4) on the outer shell (2) and the inner shell (3) are staggered, and the second through-port and the guide pipeline (20) are staggered; An image acquisition device (6) wirelessly connected to an external monitoring terminal is also provided at the bottom of the insect attractant lamp (5), and the image acquisition device (6) is used to acquire image data of insects that enter the inner shell (3).

2. The monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The insect collecting unit comprises: A funnel (7) is connected to the bottom of the inner shell (3); the discharge end of the funnel (7) is rotatably connected to one end of an introduction pipe (8); a solenoid valve is provided in the introduction pipe (8); the other end of the introduction pipe (8) eccentrically penetrates the bottom of the outer shell (2); A loading ring is rotatably arranged at the bottom of the housing (2) and is coaxial with the housing (2), and a plurality of groups of placement bottles (27) are inserted at the bottom of the loading ring and are used to correspond to the other end of the introduction tube (8) and for insects to enter; The intermittent rotating part is arranged on the outer wall of the loading ring and is in driving connection with the driving part. The driving part drives the loading ring to intermittently rotate at a preset angle so that a placement bottle (27) is exactly corresponding to the other end of the introduction tube (8).

3. The monitoring device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The gas supply unit comprises: An air induction device (17) is arranged on the housing (2); a flow divider is arranged at the output end of the air induction device (17); one side of the flow divider is respectively connected to a connecting pipeline 1 (11) and a connecting pipeline 2; the flow divider is in driving connection with a driving unit, and the driving unit drives the gas supplied by the air induction device (17) to enter the connecting pipeline 1 (11) or the connecting pipeline 2; the connecting pipeline 1 (11) is connected to a flow divider (18); the flow divider (18) is arranged on the top wall of the housing (2) and has a plurality of groups of connected air outlet nozzles at its bottom; the connecting pipeline 1 (11) is also connected to an anesthetic sprayer (12) via a one-way pipeline 1; the anesthetic sprayer (12) is used to supply anesthetic to the connecting pipeline 1 (11); The storage tank (9) is arranged on the outer shell (2), and bait is stored inside the storage tank. One end of the storage tank is connected to one end of the connecting pipe 2, and the other end is connected to the one-way pipe 2 and the one-way air outlet pipe (19). The one-way pipe 2 is connected to the diversion pipe (18), and the one-way air outlet pipe (19) extends into the inner shell (3) and corresponds to the end of the guide pipe (20) away from the supporting column (1).

4. The monitoring device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The driving unit comprises: A rotating device (30) is arranged on the outer shell (2), the output end of the rotating device (30) extends into the inner shell (3) and is provided with a gear, and the inner wall of the inner shell (3) is provided with a tooth groove meshing with the gear; A rotating shaft is rotatably arranged on the top of the housing (2) and is drivingly connected to the output end of the rotating device (30), and the rotating shaft is drivingly connected to the intermittent rotating part and the diverter part.

5. The monitoring device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The intermittent rotating part comprises: A ratchet (25) is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the loading ring; A toggle pawl (24) is arranged in a ratchet tooth on the outer wall of the ratchet wheel (25); the toggle pawl (24) is rotatably connected to one end of the movable plate (22) via a rotating shaft (23); the other end of the movable plate (22) is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating shaft; when the rotating device (30) drives the inner shell (3) to rotate and reset, the toggle pawl (24) is driven by the rotating shaft to drive the loading ring to rotate in a first direction by a preset angle; A limiting pawl (26) is disposed in a ratchet tooth on the outer wall of the ratchet wheel (25) and is connected to the outer wall of the housing (2) via a torsion spring shaft (23) and is used to limit the rotation of the ratchet wheel (25) in a second direction, wherein the first direction and the second direction are opposite to each other.

6. The monitoring device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The diversion part comprises: A flow diverter seat (10) is arranged on the housing (2), one side of the flow diverter seat (10) is connected to the output end of the air induction device (17), and one side of the flow diverter seat (10) is provided with a first output end and a second output end which are connected to a connecting pipeline 1 (11) and a connecting pipeline 2 from bottom to top, respectively; A movable plate (13) is inserted into the top of the shunt seat (10), and its bottom is connected to the bottom wall of the shunt seat (10) through an elastic member. The movable plate (13) is provided with an air outlet that is interconnected with the second output end. When the air outlet corresponds to the second output end, the first output end is closed by the movable plate (13); A contact rod (16) has one end connected to the movable plate (13) and the other end eccentrically slidably abutted against a disk body (14). The disk body (14) is fixedly arranged on the top of the rotating shaft. An arc-shaped protrusion (15) is arranged on the top of the disk body (14). After the inner shell (3) rotates at a preset angle, the arc-shaped protrusion (15) contacts the contact rod (16) and drives the contact rod (16) to drive the movable plate (13) upward to a preset position, so that the second output end is closed by the movable plate (13) and the first output end is opened.

7. The monitoring device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The outer wall of the housing (2) is provided with an electrical device (28) electrically connected to the insect attractant lamp (5), the image acquisition device (6), the solenoid valve, the air induction device (17) and the anesthesia sprayer (12); the electrical device (28) is also electrically connected to an external monitoring terminal; the electrical device (28) comprises: a protective shell, a controller arranged in the protective shell and a wireless communicator.

8. The monitoring device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The housing (2) is provided with a photovoltaic device (29) electrically connected to the electrical device (28).

9. A method for monitoring the structure and diversity of insect colonies in inland cities, using the monitoring device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: Select a survey plot and install the support column (1) in the survey plot. During monitoring, turn on the insect attractant lamp (5) and the gas supply part. The gas from the insect attractant lamp (5) and the inner shell (3) can attract flying insects to enter the inner cavity of the inner shell (3) through the opening 1 (4). At the same time, the gas flows in the guide pipe (20) and is discharged from the guide opening (21), thereby attracting reptiles to enter the inner cavity of the inner shell (3) through the guide pipe (20). S2: After the insect attractant lamp (5) and the gas supply unit are turned on for a preset time, the inner shell (3) is driven to rotate by a preset angle by turning on the driving unit, so that the first opening (4) on the outer shell (2) and the inner shell (3) are staggered, and the second opening and the guide pipe (20) are staggered; S3: The image acquisition device (6) acquires insect image data of the inner shell (3), and sends the insect image data of the inner shell (3) to an external monitoring terminal for analysis and processing, thereby obtaining insect colony and diversity data, and collecting insects in the inner shell (3) through the insect collection unit.

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