A method for rapid stabilization of chicken manure

Abstract

The present application discloses a method for rapid stabilization of chicken manure, which belongs to the technical field of organic fertilizer production. The method pre-treats chicken manure before fermentation, breaks the organic macromolecular substance chain into multiple small molecular substances, and completely inactivates Escherichia coli, pathogenic bacteria and parasite eggs in the chicken manure, thereby solving the harm of toxic and harmful gases generated during the fermentation process to the atmospheric environment. At the same time, the composting effect of chicken manure is improved, the fermentation time is reduced, and the cost of chicken manure fermentation organic fertilizer is significantly reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of organic fertilizer production, and particularly relates to a method for quickly stabilizing chicken manure. Background Art

[0002] Chicken manure contains more nutrients than other livestock and poultry manure, and is a very high-quality organic fertilizer. Direct application of chicken manure to crops will cause crop diseases and pests, leaf yellowing, and seedling burn. At present, the main method of treating chicken manure with fermentation technology is to make organic fertilizer, which replaces part of chemical fertilizers for crops. The organic fertilizer obtained by fermentation has the following problems: 1. The process is time-consuming and produces foul-smelling gases, posing a threat to the atmospheric environment; 2. The process cannot achieve high-quality fermentation, harmful substances cannot be fully decomposed, and pathogenic bacteria and parasite eggs cannot be completely killed, resulting in poor product stability and low fertilizer efficiency.

[0003] Steam explosion technology (abbreviated as "steam explosion") is to create a high temperature and high pressure environment through steam, maintain the pressure for a period of time, and then release the pressure to normal temperature and pressure instantly, causing the volume of the raw materials to increase suddenly, completing the "explosion", destroying the material structure, and changing the material properties. This technology is widely used in the pharmaceutical, food processing, material production, urban waste treatment and other industries. It is mature, widely used, and has significant economic benefits. Summary of the invention

[0004] Purpose of the Invention The purpose of the present application is to provide a method for rapid stabilization of chicken manure, which decomposes organic macromolecules in a short period of time, removes odors, and completely kills parasite eggs and pathogenic bacteria. The production process is environmentally friendly, efficient, and rapid, and solves the problems of time-consuming biological fermentation of traditional livestock and poultry manure, unstable fertilizer efficiency, and environmental unfriendliness.

[0005] Technical Solution A method for rapid stabilization of chicken manure, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: S1, dehydrate fresh chicken manure to a moisture content of 30%~40%; S2, placing the dehydrated chicken manure into a steam explosion treatment machine for steam explosion pretreatment; S3, mixing the pretreated chicken manure with tea bran, straw slag and medical stone powder in proportion and then composting and fermenting, with a pile height of about 0.8m, and the humidity of the pile body controlled at 50%-60%, and the fermentation time is 5d to obtain organic fertilizer.

[0006] Furthermore, the moisture content of the chicken manure in the above S1 is between 80% and 85%.

[0007] Furthermore, in the above S2, the steam pressure is adjusted to 2.1 MPa-3.2 MPa, and the pressure is maintained for 5 min-12 min.

[0008] Furthermore, the above organic fertilizer raw materials are calculated by weight: 40-50 parts of chicken manure, 10-18 parts of tea bran, 12-20 parts of straw slag, and 15-22 parts of medical stone powder.

[0009] Furthermore, the tea bran is pulverized and then passed through a 50-80 mesh sieve with medical stone powder.

[0010] Furthermore, the organic matter content of the organic fertilizer in the above S3 is between 38% and 45%.

[0011] In the present invention, the dehydrated chicken manure is subjected to steam explosion pretreatment, so that organic macromolecules in the chicken manure can be completely decomposed into small molecular substances, the fermentation time can be reduced, and the composting efficiency of the chicken manure can be improved; the parasite eggs and pathogenic bacteria in the chicken manure can be completely killed, and the probability of the occurrence of diseases and insect pests caused by applying chicken manure organic fertilizer to plants can be reduced; the odor can be removed and air pollution can be reduced.

[0012] In the present invention, the pretreated chicken manure is fermented again, so that the nutrients in the chicken manure are released more fully and balanced, the fertilizer efficiency is improved, and the crops are more easily absorbed, and the fermented chicken manure is more stable. The added medical stone has the characteristics of being porous and having a large specific surface area, which provides a good habitat for the microorganisms in the fermentation process, and is conducive to increasing the diversity of microorganisms in each stage of fermentation.

[0013] Beneficial Effects Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects: The present invention provides a method for rapid stabilization of chicken manure. The chicken manure is pretreated and then fermented, and its organic macromolecules are effectively decomposed and released, thereby improving the nutritional value of the chicken manure, reducing the fermentation time, and removing odor. The fermentation process is simple and rapid, and the cost of fermenting chicken manure into organic fertilizer can be significantly reduced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 It is the process flow chart of this application; Figure 2 It is a line graph showing the change of organic matter content in the organic fertilizers of Example 3 and Comparative Example 1 with fermentation time. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments: Example 1 This embodiment provides a method for rapid stabilization of chicken manure, and the specific steps are as follows: Take fresh chicken manure with a moisture content of 80% to 85% and dehydrate it to a moisture content of 30% to 40%; The dehydrated chicken manure is sent to the steam explosion device, the pressure is controlled at 2.1MPa, and the pressure is maintained for 12min, so that the steam can fully penetrate into the organic matter in the chicken manure. After the pressure is released to atmospheric pressure instantly, the organic matter is decomposed into small molecules. The pre-treated chicken manure was mixed with tea bran, straw slag and medical stone powder in proportion and then composted and fermented. The pile height was about 0.8m, the humidity of the pile was controlled at 50%, and the fermentation time was 5 days to obtain organic fertilizer. The organic matter content of the organic fertilizer was about 42%.

[0016] The above raw materials are calculated by weight: 45 parts of chicken manure, 11 parts of tea bran, 15 parts of straw slag, and 16 parts of medical stone powder. The tea bran needs to be crushed and then sieved with the medical stone powder with a 50-80 mesh sieve.

[0017] Example 2 Take fresh chicken manure with a moisture content of 80% to 85% and dehydrate it to a moisture content of 30% to 40%; The dehydrated chicken manure is sent to the steam explosion device, the pressure is controlled at 2.5MPa, and the pressure is maintained for 10 minutes, so that the steam can fully penetrate into the organic matter in the chicken manure. After the pressure is released to atmospheric pressure instantly, the organic matter is decomposed into small molecules; The pre-treated chicken manure was mixed with tea bran, straw slag and medical stone powder in proportion and then composted and fermented. The pile height was about 0.8m, the humidity of the pile was controlled at 55%, and the fermentation time was 5 days to obtain organic fertilizer. The organic matter content of the organic fertilizer was about 43%.

[0018] The above raw materials are calculated by weight: 45 parts of chicken manure, 11 parts of tea bran, 15 parts of straw slag, and 16 parts of medical stone powder. The tea bran needs to be crushed and then sieved with the medical stone powder with a 50-80 mesh sieve.

[0019] Example 3 Take fresh chicken manure with a moisture content of 80% to 85% and dehydrate it to a moisture content of 30% to 40%; The dehydrated chicken manure is sent to the steam explosion device, the pressure is controlled at 2.8MPa, and the pressure is maintained for 7min, so that the steam can fully penetrate into the organic matter in the chicken manure. After the pressure is released to atmospheric pressure instantly, the organic matter is decomposed into small molecules. The pre-treated chicken manure was mixed with tea bran, straw slag and medical stone powder in proportion and then composted and fermented. The pile height was about 0.8m, the humidity of the pile was controlled at 53%, and the fermentation time was 5 days to obtain organic fertilizer. The organic matter content of the organic fertilizer was about 45%.

[0020] The above raw materials are calculated by weight: 45 parts of chicken manure, 11 parts of tea bran, 15 parts of straw slag, and 16 parts of medical stone powder. The tea bran needs to be crushed and then sieved with the medical stone powder with a 50-80 mesh sieve.

[0021] Example 4 Take fresh chicken manure with a moisture content of 80% to 85% and dehydrate it to a moisture content of 30% to 40%; The dehydrated chicken manure is sent to the steam explosion device, the pressure is controlled at 3.2MPa, and the pressure is maintained for 5min, so that the steam can fully penetrate into the organic matter in the chicken manure. After the pressure is released to atmospheric pressure instantly, the organic matter is decomposed into small molecules. The pre-treated chicken manure was mixed with tea bran, straw slag and medical stone powder in proportion and then composted and fermented. The pile height was about 0.8m, the humidity of the pile was controlled at 60%, and the fermentation time was 5 days to obtain organic fertilizer. The organic matter content of the organic fertilizer was about 41%.

[0022] The above raw materials are calculated by weight: 45 parts of chicken manure, 11 parts of tea bran, 15 parts of straw slag, and 16 parts of medical stone powder. The tea bran needs to be crushed and then sieved with the medical stone powder with a 50-80 mesh sieve.

[0023] Comparative Example 1 Compared with Example 3, the chicken manure in Comparative Example 1 was not subjected to steam explosion pretreatment. The organic matter content in the organic fertilizer was about 38%.

[0024] Comparative Example 2 Compared with Example 3, the steam explosion pretreatment pressure maintenance time in Comparative Example 2 was adjusted to 10 minutes. The organic matter content in the fermentation material was about 42%.

[0025] Comparative Example 3 Compared with Example 3, the weight of the raw materials in Comparative Example 3 is adjusted to 40 parts of chicken manure, 15 parts of tea bran, 18 parts of straw slag, and 20 parts of medical stone powder. The organic matter content in the organic fertilizer is about 41%.

[0026] Comparative Example 4 Compared with Example 3, the weight of the raw materials in Comparative Example 4 is adjusted to 50 parts of chicken manure, 10 parts of tea bran, 20 parts of straw slag, and 18 parts of medical stone powder. The organic matter content in the organic fertilizer is about 42.3%.

[0027] During the composting process, samples were taken 40 cm below the surface of the compost pile using the five-point sampling method every day, and this was repeated three times. The changes in the organic matter content of Example 3 and Comparative Example 1 during the composting process were measured. The results are shown in Table 1. Figure 2 The results show that the chicken manure after steam explosion pretreatment can be quickly stabilized, the organic matter is effectively released, the composting time is shortened, and the fertilizer effect is significant.

[0028] The above embodiments are only partial embodiments of the present invention. However, for those skilled in the art, other changes and modifications such as parameter modification and replacement based on the embodiments of the present invention do not deviate from the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for rapid stabilization of chicken manure, characterized in that: The steps include: S1, dehydrate fresh chicken manure to a moisture content of 30%~40%; S2, steam explosion pretreatment of dehydrated chicken manure; S3, mix chicken manure with tea bran, straw slag and medical stone powder in proportion and then compost and ferment. The pile height is about 0.8m, the humidity of the pile is controlled at 50%~60%, and the fermentation time is 5d to obtain organic fertilizer.

2. A method for rapid stabilization of chicken manure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The moisture content of the chicken manure in the S1 is between 80% and 85%.

3. A method for rapid stabilization of chicken manure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steam pressure in S2 is adjusted to 2.1 MPa-3.2 MPa, and the pressure is maintained for 5 min-12 min.

4. A method for rapid stabilization of chicken manure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The organic fertilizer raw materials in S3 are calculated by weight: 40-50 parts of chicken manure, 10-18 parts of tea bran, 12-20 parts of straw slag, and 15-22 parts of medical stone powder.

5. A method for rapid stabilization of chicken manure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tea bran in S3 is crushed and then passed through a 50-80 mesh sieve with medical stone powder.

6. A method for rapid stabilization of chicken manure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The organic matter content of the organic fertilizer in the S3 is 38% to 45%.

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