A high-efficiency photovoltaic water electrolysis hydrogen production system

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen production by electrolysis of water, and specifically discloses a high-efficiency photovoltaic water electrolysis hydrogen production system, including a photovoltaic array system, a water circulation system, a water electrolysis system, and a control system, wherein the photovoltaic array system is connected to the water circulation system, the water electrolysis system, and the control system, respectively. The present invention provides a high-efficiency photovoltaic water electrolysis hydrogen production system, which utilizes a heat exchange circuit to preheat pure water for hydrogen production with excess solar energy that is not converted by the photovoltaic array panel, and efficiently realizes hydrogen production by electrolysis of water using solar energy under the temperature condition of maintaining the efficient operation of the photovoltaic solar cell panel.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of water electrolysis hydrogen production, and in particular relates to a high-efficiency photovoltaic water electrolysis hydrogen production system. Background Art

[0002] Hydrogen energy is an efficient and green secondary energy source, and it plays an increasingly important role in the field of new energy. Hydrogen production is the primary technical link in the process of hydrogen energy utilization. According to the different hydrogen production processes, there are gray hydrogen, blue hydrogen and green hydrogen. Among them, green hydrogen is pollution-free in the hydrogen production process. my country has extensive solar energy resources. Therefore, the most widely used green hydrogen production solution is to use photovoltaic power generation to electrolyze water to produce hydrogen. Its working principle is to generate electricity through solar panels and use electrolyzers to electrolyze water to produce hydrogen. According to different electrolysis methods, it is divided into alkaline water electrolysis, PEM water electrolysis, AEM water electrolysis and SOEC water electrolysis.

[0003] Traditional photovoltaic power generation and water electrolysis hydrogen production have the following two problems because photovoltaic power generation and electrolysis hydrogen production are designed as two independent systems:

[0004] 1) Solar cells for photovoltaic power generation are suitable for working at relatively low temperatures. Their power generation efficiency is affected by the increase in temperature, resulting in lower conversion efficiency and failure to efficiently convert solar energy into electrical energy;

[0005] 2) During the electrolysis process, the hydrogen production system needs to raise the temperature of the water used for electrolysis to a certain temperature in order to meet the electrolysis conditions. This part of the electrical energy used for heating reduces the hydrogen production conversion efficiency of the hydrogen production system. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above problems existing in the prior art and to provide a high-efficiency photovoltaic water electrolysis hydrogen production system, which utilizes a heat exchange circuit to preheat the unconverted and excess solar energy of the photovoltaic array panels to the pure water for hydrogen production, thereby efficiently realizing the use of solar energy to electrolyze water to produce hydrogen while maintaining the temperature conditions for the efficient operation of the photovoltaic solar cell panels.

[0007] In order to achieve the above technical objectives and the above technical effects, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions:

[0008] A high-efficiency photovoltaic water electrolysis hydrogen production system, comprising a photovoltaic array system, a water circulation system, a water electrolysis system and a control system, wherein the photovoltaic array system is connected to the water circulation system, the water electrolysis system and the control system respectively;

[0009] The photovoltaic array system includes a photovoltaic array panel, a DCDC converter and a heat exchange component, the output end of the photovoltaic array panel is connected to the DCDC converter, the output end of the DCDC converter is connected to the water electrolysis system, the heat exchange component is arranged on the back of the photovoltaic array panel, the input end of the heat exchange component is connected to the water circulation system, and the output end of the heat exchange component is connected to the water electrolysis system;

[0010] The water circulation system comprises a pure water device, a water delivery pipeline connected to the pure water device, and a water delivery pump arranged on the water delivery pipeline, wherein the pure water device is connected to the heat exchange component through the water delivery pipeline;

[0011] The electrolytic water system comprises an electrolytic cell and a purification system arranged on the electrolytic cell, a circulation pipeline is arranged at the water outlet of the purification system, the other end of the circulation pipeline is connected to the electrolytic cell, and a circulation water pump is arranged on the circulation pipeline;

[0012] The electrolytic cell is electrically connected to the output end of the DCDC converter, and the heat exchange component is connected to the electrolytic cell through a water outlet pipeline.

[0013] Furthermore, the DCDC converter is a direct current converter.

[0014] Furthermore, the photovoltaic array system further comprises a temperature sensor 1, and the temperature sensor 1 is arranged on the heat exchange component;

[0015] The temperature sensor 1 is communicatively connected with the control system.

[0016] Furthermore, the water delivery pump is connected to a control system, and the control system is used to control the rotation speed of the water delivery pump.

[0017] Furthermore, the water circulation system further comprises a second temperature sensor, and the second temperature sensor is used to detect the water temperature at the inlet and outlet of the water delivery pipeline;

[0018] The second temperature sensor is communicatively connected with the control system.

[0019] Furthermore, the water circulation system further comprises a valve, which is arranged at one end of the water delivery pipeline close to the heat exchange component;

[0020] The valve is communicatively connected with the control system.

[0021] Furthermore, the electrolytic cell is any one of an alkaline solution electrolytic cell, a PEM electrolytic cell, an AEM electrolytic cell, and a SOE electrolytic cell.

[0022] Furthermore, the electrolytic cell is also provided with a temperature sensor 3, and the temperature sensor 3 is used to detect the water temperature of the pure water in the electrolytic cell;

[0023] The temperature sensor 3 is communicatively connected with the control system.

[0024] Furthermore, the purification system is any one or more of a water vapor separation device, an oxygen removal device, and an alkali solution removal device.

[0025] Furthermore, a sensor is provided on the electrolytic cell, and the sensor is used to monitor the operating status of the electrolytic cell, and the sensor is communicatively connected with the control system.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0027] The present invention provides a high-efficiency photovoltaic water electrolysis hydrogen production system, which utilizes a heat exchange circuit to preheat pure water for hydrogen production with excess solar energy that is not converted by photovoltaic array panels, thereby efficiently realizing the use of solar energy to electrolyze water to produce hydrogen while maintaining the temperature conditions for efficient operation of photovoltaic solar panels. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of this application. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0029] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a high-efficiency photovoltaic water electrolysis hydrogen production system provided by the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structural connection of the high-efficiency photovoltaic water electrolysis hydrogen production system provided by the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of a high-efficiency photovoltaic water electrolysis hydrogen production system provided in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the operation flow of the high-efficiency photovoltaic water electrolysis hydrogen production system provided in Example 1 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the terms "opening", "upper", "lower", "thickness", "top", "middle", "length", "inside", "all around" and the like indicating orientation or positional relationship are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the components or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0035] like Figure 1 As shown, a high-efficiency photovoltaic water electrolysis hydrogen production system includes a photovoltaic array system 100, a water circulation system 200, a water electrolysis system 300 and a control system 400, wherein the control system 400 is respectively connected to the photovoltaic array system 100, the water circulation system 200, and the water electrolysis system 300 in communication;

[0036] The photovoltaic array system 100 is connected to the water circulation system 200, the water electrolysis system 300 and the control system 400 respectively; specifically, the photovoltaic array system 100 is connected to the water circulation system 200 through a water pipeline, the photovoltaic array system 100 is electrically connected to the water electrolysis system 300, and the photovoltaic array system 100 is communicatively connected to the control system 400;

[0037] The water circulation system 200 is connected to the water electrolysis system 300 through a water pipeline, and the water circulation system 200 is communicatively connected to the control system 400;

[0038] Specifically, the photovoltaic array system 100 is used to convert solar energy into electrical energy, and at the same time use its own heat exchange component to preheat the pure water for electrolysis from the water circulation system 200. The preheated pure water for electrolysis is transported to the electrolysis water system 300 via a water pipeline for electrolysis, wherein the electrical energy used in the electrolysis water system 300 is provided by the photovoltaic array system 100.

[0039] like Figure 1 to Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments of the present invention, the photovoltaic array system 100 includes a photovoltaic array panel 101, a DCDC converter 102 and a heat exchange component 103, the output end of the photovoltaic array panel 101 is connected to the DCDC converter 102, and the output end of the DCDC converter 102 is connected to the water electrolysis system 300;

[0040] The photovoltaic array panel 101 converts solar energy into electrical energy. Since its output end is connected to the DCDC converter 102, the output end of the DCDC converter 102 is connected to the water electrolysis system 300. Specifically, the output end of the DCDC converter 102 is connected to the power input end of the water electrolysis system 300, thereby providing electrical energy for the water electrolysis system 300.

[0041] The heat exchange component 103 is arranged on the back of the photovoltaic array panel 101, the input end of the heat exchange component 103 is connected to the water circulation system 200, and the output end of the heat exchange component 103 is connected to the electrolysis water system 300; since the heat exchange component 103 is arranged on the back of the photovoltaic array panel 101, it can be used to preheat the pure water for electrolysis by the solar energy on the photovoltaic array panel 101 that has not been converted by the photovoltaic array panel 101, which can not only maintain the normal operation of the photovoltaic array panel 101 within a suitable temperature range, but also ensure that the pure water for electrolysis transported to the electrolysis water system 300 is within a suitable temperature range.

[0042] like Figure 1 to Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments of the present invention, the DCDC converter 102 is further provided with a communication interface 104 , and the communication interface 104 is used to connect with the control system 400 , and the control system 400 can realize the control of the DCDC converter 102 .

[0043] like Figure 1 to Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments of the present invention, the DCDC converter is a DC converter.

[0044] like Figure 1 to Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments of the present invention, the water circulation system 200 includes a pure water device 201, a water delivery pipeline connected to the pure water device 201, and a water delivery pump 202 provided on the water delivery pipeline. The pure water device 201 is connected to the heat exchange component 103 through the water delivery pipeline;

[0045] The water circulation system 200 further includes a valve 203, which is disposed on one end of the water delivery pipeline close to the heat exchange component 103, and the valve 203 is communicatively connected with the control system 400;

[0046] Since the pure water device 201 in the water circulation system 200 is connected to the heat exchange component 103 through the water delivery pipeline, the heat exchange component 103 can preheat the pure water flowing out of the pure water device 201 to the water delivery pipeline;

[0047] The water circulation system 200 is responsible for transporting the pure water for electrolysis to the water electrolysis system 300 for hydrogen production after being preheated by the photovoltaic array system 100;

[0048] The pure water device 201 is used to provide pure water for hydrogen production. The pure water device 201 can be a water tank filled with pure water or a pure water preparation device;

[0049] The water delivery pump 202 is used to pump pure water into the water delivery pipeline. The water delivery pump 202 can be a DC or AC water pump.

[0050] like Figure 1 to Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments of the present invention, the water delivery pump is electrically connected to the control system 400, and the control system 400 is used to control the speed of the water delivery pump;

[0051] Specifically, the water delivery pump 202 can be a DC or AC water pump, and the speed of the water delivery pump 202 can be controlled by giving a signal through the communication terminal of the control system 400. By controlling the speed of the water delivery pump 202, the flow rate of water is controlled, thereby achieving the effect of controlling the water temperature.

[0052] like Figure 1 to Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments of the present invention, filtering devices are provided at both the water inlet and the water outlet of the pure water device 201.

[0053] like Figure 1 to Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments of the present invention, the electrolysis water system 300 includes an electrolytic cell 301 and a purification system 302 disposed on the electrolytic cell 301, a circulation pipeline is disposed at the water outlet of the purification system 302, the other end of the circulation pipeline is connected to the electrolytic cell 301, and a circulation water pump 303 is disposed on the circulation pipeline;

[0054] The electrolytic cell 301 is electrically connected to the output end of the DCDC converter 102, and the heat exchange component 103 is connected to the electrolytic cell 301 through a water outlet pipeline;

[0055] The water electrolysis system 300 is used to output electric energy through the photovoltaic array system 100, and electrolyze the pure water output by the water circulation system 200 and preheated by the photovoltaic array system 100 to produce the required hydrogen and oxygen;

[0056] Specifically, the electrolyzer 301 inputs electrical energy through the DCDC converter 102, and converts the pure water in the water outlet pipeline into hydrogen and oxygen through electrolysis. More specifically, the pure water in the water outlet pipeline is pure water that is preheated after being transported to the heat exchange component 103 via the water delivery pipeline.

[0057] like Figure 1 to Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments of the present invention, the purification system 302 is mainly used to process the hydrogen and oxygen output by the electrolyzer 301 to meet the hydrogen production requirements. The optional purification system 302 includes but is not limited to: a water vapor separation device, an alkali solution removal device, and an oxygen removal device.

[0058] like Figure 1 to Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments of the present invention, the control system 400 is connected to the photovoltaic array system 100, the water circulation system 200 and the water electrolysis system 300 through a communication line, and coordinates the safe and reliable operation of the entire high-efficiency photovoltaic water electrolysis hydrogen production system by sending communication control signals;

[0059] Specifically, the control system 400 is composed of a central operation unit, a communication port, and a digital analog input and output board; the central operation unit is used to implement the control algorithm; the control system 400 is connected to the photovoltaic array system 100, the water electrolysis system 300, and the water circulation system 200 through the communication port;

[0060] The control system 400 interacts with the photovoltaic array system 100 , the water electrolysis system 300 and the water circulation system 200 through digital and analog output input boards.

[0061] like Figure 1 to Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments of the present invention, the control system 400 can be a single-chip microcomputer or an industrial computer, which coordinates the operation of each system by running the built-in strategy, and displays the operating status of the entire high-efficiency photovoltaic water electrolysis hydrogen production system through a graphical interface.

[0062] like Figure 1 to Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments of the present invention, during the operation of the high-efficiency photovoltaic water electrolysis hydrogen production system, the control system 400 can also adjust the operation control strategy according to the lighting status and the operating status of the electrolyzer 301, and control the output of the DCDC converter 102, the speed of the water delivery pump 202 of the water circulation system 200, and the opening and closing of the valve 203.

[0063] like Figure 1 to Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments of the present invention, the photovoltaic array system 100 further includes a temperature sensor 1, and the temperature sensor 1 is disposed on the heat exchange component;

[0064] The temperature sensor 1 is in communication connection with the control system 400 .

[0065] like Figure 1 to Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments of the present invention, the water circulation system 200 further includes a second temperature sensor, which is used to detect the water temperature of the inlet and outlet of the water pipeline;

[0066] The temperature sensor 2 is connected to the control system 400 for communication.

[0067] like Figure 1 to Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments of the present invention, the electrolytic cell 301 can be any one of an alkaline solution electrolytic cell, a PEM electrolytic cell, an AEM electrolytic cell, and a SOE electrolytic cell.

[0068] like Figure 1 to Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments of the present invention, a temperature sensor 3 is further provided on the electrolytic cell 301, and the temperature sensor 3 is used to detect the water temperature of the pure water in the electrolytic cell 301;

[0069] The temperature sensor 3 is communicatively connected with the control system 400 .

[0070] like Figure 1 to Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments of the present invention, a sensor is further provided on the electrolytic cell 301, and the sensor is used to monitor the operating state of the electrolytic cell 301, and the sensor is communicatively connected with the control system 400;

[0071] Specifically, the signal output end of the sensor is communicatively connected to the control system 400 .

[0072] like Figure 1 to Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments of the present invention, if the electrolytic cell 301 is an alkaline solution electrolytic cell, the purification system 302 may further include an alkaline solution removal device, that is, to increase the alkaline solution collection cycle.

[0073] The following are specific examples.

[0074] Example 1

[0075] like Figure 3 As shown, this embodiment provides a high-efficiency photovoltaic water electrolysis hydrogen production system, which is used for photovoltaic alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production, as follows:

[0076] The photovoltaic array system 100 includes: a photovoltaic array panel 101, a DCDC converter 102, a heat exchange component 103 and a communication interface 104, wherein the heat exchange component 103 is a spray heat exchanger;

[0077] The water circulation system 200 includes: a pure water device 201, a water delivery pump 202, a valve 203, and a water delivery pipeline, wherein the water inlet and outlet of the pure water device 201 are both provided with a filter device, and the water circulation system 200 also includes a temperature sensor 2, which is used to detect the water temperature at the inlet and outlet of the water delivery pipeline;

[0078] The electrolytic water system 300 is an alkaline electrolytic water system, comprising: an electrolytic cell 301, a purification system 302, a circulating water pump 303, a sensor and a communication interface; wherein the electrolytic cell 301 is an alkaline electrolytic cell; the purification system 302 comprises an alkali solution removal device and a water vapor separation device; the sensor is used to monitor the operating state of the electrolytic cell 301, and the sensor is communicatively connected to the control system 400; the communication interface is connected to the control system 400;

[0079] The control system 400 includes: a central budget unit, a communication port, and a digital and analog input and output board;

[0080] The whole process of running the whole system is as follows Figure 4 As shown, the specific operation process is as follows:

[0081] First, the entire water electrolysis system is initialized 301. The control system calculates the maximum power point that the photovoltaic array panel 101 can output under given temperature conditions according to the light intensity. The maximum power point is sent to the control unit of the DCDC converter 102 of the photovoltaic array system 100 through the communication interface as a given amount of the control unit of the DCDC converter 102 to achieve maximum power tracking of solar power generation.

[0082] The temperature value of the photovoltaic array panel 101 is calculated and converted into a given value of the cooling water volume required by the spray heat exchanger (i.e., the heat exchange component 103) through the control system 400. The water delivery pump 202 of the water circulation system 200 is controlled through the communication interface. The electrolytic water system 300 outputs electric energy through the photovoltaic array system 100, and the pure water preheated by the spray heat exchanger in the water circulation system 200 is decomposed to produce hydrogen and oxygen. Since the generated hydrogen and oxygen inevitably carry alkali liquid and water vapor, after being separated by the alkali liquid removal device and the water vapor separation device, the circulating water pump 303 is controlled by the control system 400 to return to the electrolytic cell 301 for continued electrolysis.

[0083] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "example", "specific example", etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0084] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the present invention to be protected.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency photovoltaic water electrolysis hydrogen production system, characterized in that: It includes a photovoltaic array system, a water circulation system, a water electrolysis system and a control system, wherein the photovoltaic array system is connected to the water circulation system, the water electrolysis system and the control system respectively; The photovoltaic array system includes a photovoltaic array panel, a DCDC converter and a heat exchange component, the output end of the photovoltaic array panel is connected to the DCDC converter, the output end of the DCDC converter is connected to the water electrolysis system, the heat exchange component is arranged on the back of the photovoltaic array panel, the input end of the heat exchange component is connected to the water circulation system, and the output end of the heat exchange component is connected to the water electrolysis system; The water circulation system comprises a pure water device, a water delivery pipeline connected to the pure water device, and a water delivery pump arranged on the water delivery pipeline, wherein the pure water device is connected to the heat exchange component through the water delivery pipeline; The electrolytic water system comprises an electrolytic cell and a purification system arranged on the electrolytic cell, a circulation pipeline is arranged at the water outlet of the purification system, the other end of the circulation pipeline is connected to the electrolytic cell, and a circulation water pump is arranged on the circulation pipeline; The electrolytic cell is electrically connected to the output end of the DCDC converter, and the heat exchange component is connected to the electrolytic cell through a water outlet pipeline.

2. A high-efficiency photovoltaic water electrolysis hydrogen production system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The DCDC converter is a direct current converter.

3. The high-efficiency photovoltaic water electrolysis hydrogen production system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The photovoltaic array system further comprises a temperature sensor 1, wherein the temperature sensor 1 is arranged on the heat exchange component; The temperature sensor 1 is communicatively connected with the control system.

4. The high-efficiency photovoltaic water electrolysis hydrogen production system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water delivery pump is electrically connected to a control system, and the control system is used to control the rotation speed of the water delivery pump.

5. The high-efficiency photovoltaic water electrolysis hydrogen production system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water circulation system further comprises a second temperature sensor, which is used to detect the water temperature at the inlet and outlet of the water delivery pipeline; The second temperature sensor is communicatively connected with the control system.

6. The high-efficiency photovoltaic water electrolysis hydrogen production system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water circulation system further comprises a valve, which is arranged on one end of the water delivery pipeline close to the heat exchange component; The valve is communicatively connected with the control system.

7. The high-efficiency photovoltaic water electrolysis hydrogen production system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electrolytic cell is any one of an alkaline solution electrolytic cell, a PEM electrolytic cell, an AEM electrolytic cell, and a SOE electrolytic cell.

8. The high-efficiency photovoltaic water electrolysis hydrogen production system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electrolytic cell is also provided with a temperature sensor 3, which is used to detect the water temperature of the pure water in the electrolytic cell; The temperature sensor 3 is communicatively connected with the control system.

9. The high-efficiency photovoltaic water electrolysis hydrogen production system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The purification system is any one or more of a water vapor separation device, an oxygen removal device, and an alkali solution removal device.

10. The high-efficiency photovoltaic water electrolysis hydrogen production system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electrolytic cell is also provided with a sensor, which is used to monitor the operating status of the electrolytic cell, and the sensor is communicatively connected with the control system.

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