Double-layer vacuum interlayer high-temperature-resistant perforating gun

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of perforating guns, and discloses a double-layer vacuum interlayer high-temperature-resistant perforating gun which comprises an external pressure-resistant gun body and an internal bullet carrier, a bullet carrier detonator bin is arranged on the inner side of the bullet carrier, and a plurality of perforating bullet containing grooves are evenly formed in the outer end of the bullet carrier in a staggered mode. Perforating bullets are arranged at the outer end of the bullet carrier through the perforating bullet containing grooves correspondingly, and a detonating cord is arranged on the outer wall of the bullet carrier; according to the perforating gun, through the double-layer design of the gun body of the perforating gun, the gun carrier, the gun carrier detonator bin, the detonating cord, the transmission cable and the multiple perforating bullets on the inner side of the perforating gun are matched, perforating work on the inner wall of a shaft can be achieved, the high-temperature environment in the shaft can be effectively adapted, and the heat insulation effect is achieved; therefore, the phenomenon that gunpowder in the perforating bullet melts and loses efficacy is avoided, complete percussion and burning explosion of the perforating bullet can be guaranteed, the perforating rate and the performance of the perforating gun are improved, and the ideal value under perforating work is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of perforating guns, and more specifically, to a double-layer vacuum interlayer high-temperature resistant perforating gun. Background Art

[0002] The oil and gas collection project is mainly divided into six parts, namely, drilling, logging, well logging, cementing, well perforation and well completion. After the cementing process of the oil and gas well is completed, the well casing will be installed in the original wellbore and cement slurry will be injected to reinforce the wellbore strength. At this time, the wellbore and the formation are separated, and oil and gas cannot be extracted from the oil and gas reservoir next to the wellbore. At this time, a perforating gun is needed to perforate to open the connection between the bottom layer and the wellbore to form a channel for oil and gas transmission.

[0003] At present, in actual perforating production, in order to match the process and ensure the connection of subsequent processes, the perforating gun usually stays in the formation for more than 72 hours before being lowered to the designated position. However, due to the structural characteristics of the gunpowder ratio and material restrictions of conventional perforating guns, the high temperature of the formation will be transmitted to the inside of the perforating gun, and the perforating bullet gunpowder loaded in the conventional perforating gun will easily melt and fail in the high-temperature well environment of more than 150°C, resulting in the inability to completely fire and explode the perforating bullet, thereby reducing the perforation rate and perforator performance, and failing to achieve the ideal perforation value of the perforating gun.

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, the present application provides a double-layer vacuum interlayer high-temperature resistant perforating gun to solve the problem that the existing conventional perforating guns have always been difficult to perforate in high-temperature formations, difficult to carry out the perforating process, and have a significant impact on the collection efficiency and output of stratum gas and oil. Summary of the invention

[0005] The double-layer vacuum sandwich high temperature resistant perforating gun provided in this application adopts the following technical solution: A double-layer vacuum sandwich high temperature resistant perforating gun, comprising an external pressure-resistant gun body and an internal bullet rack, wherein a bullet rack detonator compartment is arranged on the inner side of the bullet rack, a plurality of perforating bullet accommodating grooves are staggered and evenly opened on the outer end of the bullet rack, and a perforating bullet is arranged through each perforating bullet accommodating groove at the outer end of the bullet rack, a detonating cord is arranged on the outer wall of the bullet rack, the detonating cord is wound around the outer surface of the bullet rack in a dragon-like manner, and the detonating cord and each perforating bullet are staggered, one end of the detonating cord is connected to a transmission cable, and the transmission cable is extendedly arranged at one end of the bullet rack; The external pressure-resistant gun body includes an external pressure-bearing layer, a vacuum insulation layer and an internal support layer. The external pressure-bearing layer is located at the outermost position of the perforating gun, and the internal support layer is located at the outer side of the bomb rack, and a distance is left between the internal support layer and the bomb rack.

[0006] Furthermore, the vacuum insulation layer is located between the external pressure-bearing layer and the internal support layer, and the thickness of the vacuum insulation layer is designed to be 5 mm.

[0007] Through the above technical solution, the setting of the vacuum insulation layer and the design of its thickness can make the internal temperature of the perforating gun increase slowly under high temperature and high pressure environment, thereby ensuring that the temperature inside the perforating bullet in the perforating gun is at the appropriate working temperature of the perforating bullet when firing.

[0008] Furthermore, the perforating bullet comprises a perforating bullet body, the outer wall of one end of the perforating bullet body is sleeved with a perforating bullet shell, and a booster is arranged at the center of a side of the perforating bullet body facing away from the perforating bullet shell, the inner wall of the perforating bullet body close to the booster is designed in a conical shape, and a main explosive is arranged on the inner wall of one side of the perforating bullet body, the booster is located at one end of the main explosive, a charge cap is arranged on the inner side of the main explosive, and the charge cap is set against the inner wall of the perforating bullet body.

[0009] Further, the following steps are included: S1, after the cementing process of the oil and gas well is completed, the perforating process is performed by using a double-layer high-temperature resistant perforating gun. At this time, the double-layer high-temperature resistant perforating gun is suspended in the wellbore of the oil and gas well, and the transmission cable connected to the upper end of the double-layer high-temperature resistant perforating gun is extended to the outside of the oil and gas well, and then the transmission cable is powered on; S2, based on the perforating process of oil and gas wells, the firing of the perforating bullet is to ignite the detonating cord in the perforating gun through an electrical signal, thereby igniting the booster at the tail of the perforating bullet, and the booster ignites the main explosive in the perforating bullet, so that the main explosive instantly explodes to generate huge energy and pressure and acts on the charge liner covering the inside of the main explosive, causing the charge liner to collapse and deform. After that, the high-energy jet generated by the main explosive aggregates with the deformed charge liner to form a high-energy particle jet that penetrates the perforating gun body, the wellbore and the near-well contaminated zone to reach the rock formation directly, and establish a connecting channel between the reservoir and the wellbore; S3, after the perforation is completed, the double-layer high-temperature resistant perforating gun is taken out, thereby completing the perforation work on the inner wall of the wellbore and forming a channel for oil and gas transmission.

[0010] In summary, this application includes the following beneficial technical effects: In the present application, the double-layer design of the gun body of the perforating gun is used to cooperate with its inner bomb rack, bomb rack detonator magazine, detonating cord, transmission cable and multiple perforating bullets to achieve perforating work on the inner wall of the wellbore, effectively adapt to the high temperature environment inside the wellbore and perform heat insulation, thereby avoiding the melting and failure of the gunpowder in the perforating bullet itself, and ensuring the complete firing and combustion of the perforating bullet, thereby improving the perforation rate and the performance of the perforating gun itself, and achieving the ideal value under the perforating work. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0011] Figure 1 A working diagram of the perforating gun for this application; Figure 2 One of the perforating bullet assembly drawings of this application; Figure 3 This is the second assembly diagram of the perforating bullet of this application; Figure 4 This is a working principle diagram of the perforating gun of this application; Figure 5 This is an internal diagram of the double-layer perforating gun of the present application; Figure 6 Figure 2 shows the polyetheretherketone bushing at the end of the perforating gun of this application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0012] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application; obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments in the present application without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0013] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "top / bottom" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific position, be constructed and operated in a specific position, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0014] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "provided with", "set / connected", "connected", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connected" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances. Example

[0015] The present application embodiment discloses a double-layer vacuum sandwich high temperature resistant perforating gun, please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5, including an external pressure-resistant gun body and an internal bomb rack, a bomb rack detonator compartment is arranged on the inner side of the bomb rack, a plurality of perforating bullet receiving grooves are staggered and evenly opened on the outer end of the bomb rack, and a perforating bullet is respectively arranged through each perforating bullet receiving groove on the outer end of the bomb rack, a detonating cord is arranged on the outer wall of the bomb rack, the detonating cord is wound around the outer surface of the bomb rack in a dragon-like manner, and the detonating cord and each perforating bullet are staggered, one end of the detonating cord is connected to a transmission cable, and the transmission cable is extended and arranged at one end of the bomb rack; The external pressure-resistant gun body includes an external pressure-bearing layer, a vacuum insulation layer and an internal support layer. The external pressure-bearing layer is located at the outermost position of the perforating gun, the internal support layer is located at the outer side of the bomb rack, and a distance is left between the internal support layer and the bomb rack. The vacuum insulation layer is located between the external pressure-bearing layer and the internal support layer, and the thickness of the vacuum insulation layer is designed to be 5mm.

[0016] The perforating bullet comprises a perforating bullet body, the outer wall of one end of the perforating bullet body is sleeved with a perforating bullet shell, and a booster charge is arranged at the center of the side of the perforating bullet body facing away from the perforating bullet shell, the inner wall of the perforating bullet body close to the booster charge is designed in a conical shape, and a main explosive is arranged on the inner wall of one side of the perforating bullet body, the booster charge is located at one end of the main explosive, a charge cap is arranged on the inner side of the main explosive, and the charge cap is set against the inner wall of the perforating bullet body.

[0017] Among them, under the premise of ensuring the strength and compressive strength of the perforating gun, the perforating gun head and the thread of the gun tail are equipped with a special material insulation interlayer (material: polyetheretherketone PEEK) to prevent heat transfer to ensure the normal operation of the perforating bullet. For details, please refer to the attached Figure 6 As shown, the thermal conductivity of polyetheretherketone (PEEK) is much lower than that of metal, and it can ensure good mechanical properties under high temperature conditions, so that the inside of the gun body of the perforating gun will not be too high under high temperature conditions for a long time, thereby affecting the perforating bullet. The thermal conductivity data of polyetheretherketone and metal materials are as follows: Material Thermal conductivity Metal (#45 steel, bearing steel, alloy steel) 10-100W / mK Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) 0.25-0.3W / mK Therefore, the double-layer high-temperature resistant perforating gun of the present application can solve the problem that conventional perforating guns cannot perform normal perforation when they are in a high-temperature formation environment for a long time.

[0018] In addition, the present application can carry normal temperature perforating bullets (working environment temperature is less than 150°C) into double-layer vacuum sandwich high temperature resistant perforating guns to achieve the purpose of using normal temperature perforating bullets in high temperature wells or ultra-high temperature wells, and the following comparison table of well temperature and maximum temperature resistance time is attached.

[0019] Well temperature Maximum temperature resistance time 300℃-350℃ 48 hours 250℃-300℃ 72 hours 200℃-250℃ 96 hours 150℃-200℃ 120 hours Below 150℃ 144 hours The method of using this application includes the following steps: S1, after the cementing process of the oil and gas well is completed, the perforating process is performed by using a double-layer high-temperature resistant perforating gun. At this time, the double-layer high-temperature resistant perforating gun is suspended in the wellbore of the oil and gas well, and the transmission cable connected to the upper end of the double-layer high-temperature resistant perforating gun is extended to the outside of the oil and gas well, and then the transmission cable is powered on; S2, based on the perforating process of oil and gas wells, the firing of the perforating bullet is to ignite the detonating cord in the perforating gun through an electrical signal, thereby igniting the booster at the tail of the perforating bullet, and the booster ignites the main explosive in the perforating bullet, so that the main explosive instantly explodes to generate huge energy and pressure and acts on the charge liner covering the inside of the main explosive, causing the charge liner to collapse and deform. After that, the high-energy jet generated by the main explosive aggregates with the deformed charge liner to form a high-energy particle jet that penetrates the perforating gun body, the wellbore and the near-well contaminated zone to reach the rock formation directly, and establish a connecting channel between the reservoir and the wellbore; S3, after the perforation is completed, the double-layer high-temperature resistant perforating gun is taken out, thereby completing the perforation work on the inner wall of the wellbore and forming a channel for oil and gas transmission.

[0020] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Therefore, any equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A double-layer vacuum sandwich high temperature resistant perforating gun, comprising an external pressure resistant gun body and an internal bullet rack, characterized in that: A detonator compartment is arranged on the inner side of the bomb rack, a plurality of perforating bullet receiving slots are staggered and evenly arranged on the outer end of the bomb rack, and a perforating bullet is arranged through each perforating bullet receiving slot on the outer end of the bomb rack, a detonating cord is arranged on the outer wall of the bomb rack, the detonating cord is wound around the outer surface of the bomb rack in a dragon-like manner, and the detonating cord is staggered with each perforating bullet, one end of the detonating cord is connected to a transmission cable, and the transmission cable is extendedly arranged at one end of the bomb rack; The external pressure-resistant gun body includes an external pressure-bearing layer, a vacuum insulation layer and an internal support layer. The external pressure-bearing layer is located at the outermost position of the perforating gun, and the internal support layer is located at the outer side of the bomb rack, and a distance is left between the internal support layer and the bomb rack.

2. A double-layer vacuum sandwich high temperature resistant perforating gun according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vacuum insulation layer is located between the external pressure-bearing layer and the internal support layer, and the thickness of the vacuum insulation layer is designed to be 5 mm.

3. A double-layer vacuum sandwich high temperature resistant perforating gun according to claim 1, characterized in that: The perforating bullet comprises a perforating bullet body, the outer wall of one end of the perforating bullet body is sleeved with a perforating bullet shell, and a booster is arranged at the center of a side of the perforating bullet body facing away from the perforating bullet shell, the inner wall of the perforating bullet body close to the booster is designed in a conical shape, and a main explosive is arranged on the inner wall of one side of the perforating bullet body, the booster is located at one end of the main explosive, a charge liner is arranged on the inner side of the main explosive, and the charge liner is set against the inner wall of the perforating bullet body.

4. A method for using a double-layer vacuum sandwich high temperature resistant perforating gun, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, after the cementing process of the oil and gas well is completed, the perforating process is performed by using a double-layer high-temperature resistant perforating gun. At this time, the double-layer high-temperature resistant perforating gun is suspended in the wellbore of the oil and gas well, and the transmission cable connected to the upper end of the double-layer high-temperature resistant perforating gun is extended to the outside of the oil and gas well, and then the transmission cable is powered on; S2, based on the perforating process of oil and gas wells, the firing of the perforating bullet is to ignite the detonating cord in the perforating gun through an electrical signal, thereby igniting the booster at the tail of the perforating bullet, and the booster ignites the main explosive in the perforating bullet, so that the main explosive instantly explodes to generate huge energy and pressure and acts on the charge liner covering the inside of the main explosive, causing the charge liner to collapse and deform. After that, the high-energy jet generated by the main explosive aggregates with the deformed charge liner to form a high-energy particle jet that penetrates the perforating gun body, the wellbore and the near-well contaminated zone to reach the rock formation directly, and establish a connecting channel between the reservoir and the wellbore; S3, after the perforation is completed, the double-layer high-temperature resistant perforating gun is taken out, thereby completing the perforation work on the inner wall of the wellbore and forming a channel for oil and gas transmission.

Images