A fully electronically controlled fuel outboard engine shifting system
Through the fully electronically controlled fuel outboard shift system, the electronic handle and ECU-controlled electronic shift actuator are used to solve the problems of uneven gear shifting and large resistance in the mechanical shifting system, and achieve accurate, reliable and safe shifting operations.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411934033.3
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-26
- Publication Date
- 2025-04-04
AI Technical Summary
The mechanical gear shifting system of existing outboard units has problems such as uneven gear shifting, poor gear shifting experience and large shift resistance.
The fully electronically controlled fuel outboard gear shift system is adopted, and the shift signal is converted into electrical signals through electronic handles. The shifting is achieved by controlling the electronic shift actuator with an ECU, and equipped with a gear sensor and dual signal output to ensure real-time monitoring and protection of the gear status.
Accurate gear shifting is achieved, reducing gear shifting resistance, improving driving experience and reliability and safety of gear shifting system, while extending service life.
Smart Images
Figure CN119755313A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of outboard motor shifting, and in particular to a fully electronically controlled fuel outboard motor shifting system. Background Art
[0002] The existing outboard motor's shifting system is basically at the mechanical shifting level, that is, the shifting cable is pulled and extended by the physical swing of the outboard motor's control handle. The existing outboard motor's mechanical shifting transmission mode has a low manufacturing precision of the mechanical handle and cable transmission, resulting in uneven shifting and poor gear shifting experience. If the handle is installed at the bow or in the middle of the boat, the cable is relatively long, and the resistance of the cable in the conduit is relatively large, resulting in large shifting resistance. Summary of the invention
[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a fully electronically controlled fuel outboard engine shift system, which realizes the following functions through a newly designed shift transmission structure and control method: 1. Design the original mechanical handle into an electronic handle, convert the physical signal of the shift push rod into an electronic shift signal, and transmit it to the engine ECU through the CAN line, which can improve the problem of poor precision of the mechanical handle and achieve precise shifting.
[0004] 2. Since the electronic handle shift only needs the driver's physical action to be sent to the engine ECU as a shift command, it does not require a lot of force. Therefore, the size of the handle push rod can be greatly reduced, which is easy to install and saves space on the driving platform; 3. An electronic shift actuator is added to the outboard motor to replace the original steel cable to pull the slider. After receiving the command from the electronic handle, the ECU drives the shift actuator to realize electronic shifting, which reduces the difficulty of installing the steel cable on the ship. Using cables instead of steel cables can extend the length from the shift handle to the outboard motor, which is more suitable for large ships. 4. Compared with the original solution, a shift sensor is added to monitor the gear status in real time to ensure the normal gear position. The ECU monitors the current size and gear position status of the shift motor to protect the shift motor; 5. The maximum shift speed is controlled by ECU to ensure that the shift operation is performed at a speed lower than the maximum shift speed, which can effectively avoid high-speed shifting from damaging the shift clutch and gears and extend their service life; 6. The gear sensor uses dual-channel signal output. When one channel fails, it is automatically replaced by the other channel as the gear signal to improve the reliability of gear shifting.
[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is: A fully electronically controlled fuel outboard motor shift system, comprising an electronic shift handle, an ECM controller and an outboard motor connected in sequence, wherein the outboard motor has an internal ECU and is connected and controlled by the ECM controller, and the ECM controller and the ECU are also respectively connected to an outboard motor instrument to display shift information; The outboard motor driver's gear shifting intention is converted into an electrical signal through the electronic handle. After receiving the gear shifting signal, the ECU calculates the direction and target position of the driving gear shift actuator based on the current position status, and calculates when to stop driving according to the real-time position feedback from the gear position sensor until the gear shift is successful.
[0006] Preferably, the ECU includes a gear control module. After the ECM controller receives the gear shift signal from the electronic gear shift handle, it sends the demand Com_stGears to the ECU gear control module in the form of a message, and at the same time inputs the speed signal Epim_nEng and the engine status CoEng_st signal into the ECU gear control module; the ECU gear control module outputs the gear sensor feedback voltage Gear_uRaw_mp, the gear drive duty cycle Gear_rps, the gear drive duty cycle change rate Gear_rpsRamp, and the gear status Gear_st according to the input status to control the gear shift actuator to move in different directions, thereby realizing the outboard motor shift function.
[0007] Preferably, the electronic gear shift position sensor adopts a dual Hall signal design and inputs two Hall signals Gear_uRaw1 and Gear_uRaw2; Gear1 SRC and Gear2 SRC perform fault diagnosis on the two signal ranges, and when the original signal voltage exceeds the set maximum and minimum voltages, a fault is triggered, reminding the driver and maintenance personnel that there is a fault in the gear sensor and repairing it; the gear sensor signal is processed through fault processing, maximum and minimum limits, and reference signal selection to finally output the gear original position Gear_uRaw_mp.
[0008] Preferably, the gear sensor ultimately outputs the gear original position Gear_uRaw_mp to the gear coordination module Gearv governor.
[0009] Preferably, the gear control module further includes a neutral position determination module, which outputs a neutral state Gear_st value of 0 according to the size of the current gear signal Gear_uRaw_mp when Gear_uNeuMin_C≤input1≤Gear_uNeuMax_C.
[0010] Preferably, the gear control module further includes a forward gear position determination module, which outputs a forward gear state Gear_st value of 1 according to the size of the current gear signal Gear_uRaw_mp when Gear_uFrwMin_C≤input1≤Gear_uFrwMax_C.
[0011] Preferably, the gear control module further includes a reverse gear position determination module, which outputs a reverse gear state Gear_st value of 2 according to the size of the current gear signal Gear_uRaw_mp when Gear_uRevMin_C≤input 1≤Gear_uRevMax_C.
[0012] Preferably, the gear control module also includes a gear shift drive times fault judgment module. When the ECU drives the gear shift, if the gear shift is not executed in place, it will drive again after Gear_tiExMax_C time. If the maximum drive times Gear_numExMax_C are exceeded, the gear shift system fault Gear_stConsDrvErr will be reported to remind the driver to check the gear shift system.
[0013] Preferably, the gear control module further includes a gear shift motor short circuit fault judgment module, and the gear shift motor short circuit fault judgment module is input from the bottom layer chip judgment to the application layer logic implementation.
[0014] The advantages of the present invention are: 1. The fully electronically controlled fuel outboard engine shifting system of the present invention is based on the electronically controlled handle and the electronically controlled actuator. The driver does not need much force to push the electronic shift lever to issue a shift command. The ECU controls the motor to drive the shift shaft to rotate. The handle no longer needs to use the lever principle to save effort, thereby greatly reducing the length of the shift handle and saving installation space on the ship's console. At the same time, the driver's control is softer and more accurate, improving the driving experience. Through the above system, only the shift handle needs to be replaced with an unmanned controller to send a shift signal, and electronic unmanned shifting can be achieved, which greatly improves the traditional shifting of adding a shift actuator to pull the handle to shift, and simplifies the shifting system of unmanned ships.
[0015] 2. The present invention adopts the above control logic on the basis of installing the gear position sensor, so as to monitor the gear position status at all times and immediately re-engage the gear if there is a sign of gear shifting, thereby avoiding the risk of gear shifting and improving the safety of driving at sea.
[0016] 3. The present invention adopts the above control logic to constantly judge whether the sensor and the motor are normal based on the gear position sensor signal and the current of the gear shift motor. When an abnormal signal is found, the fault is immediately reported to remind the driver to repair the vehicle, thus avoiding the driver from traveling at risk, and realizing the system self-diagnosis function.
[0017] 4. The present invention adopts the above control logic and can limit the shift drive according to different speeds. When the speed signal does not meet the requirements, the shift motor is prohibited from driving, which well protects the shift clutch and prevents the clutch from being broken by high-speed shifting. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0018] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments: Figure 1 This is a main structural diagram of the fully electronically controlled fuel outboard motor shifting system of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall control module for electronic shifting; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the gear position sensor signal processing module; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the gear position sensor signal transmission module; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the neutral gear judgment logic module; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the forward gear judgment logic module; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the reverse gear judgment logic module; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the fault logic module of the gear shift driving times; Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the shift motor short-circuit fault logic module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0019] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention proposes a fully electronically controlled fuel outboard motor shifting system, comprising an electronic shifting handle, an ECM controller and an outboard motor connected in sequence, wherein the outboard motor has a built-in ECU, which is connected and controlled by the ECM controller, and the ECM controller and the ECU are also respectively connected to the outboard motor instrument to display the shifting information; the system designs an ECU control strategy, which converts the outboard motor driver's shifting intention into an electrical signal through the electronic handle, and after receiving the shifting signal, the ECU calculates the direction and target position of the driving shift actuator based on the current position state, and calculates when to stop driving according to the real-time position feedback from the gear position sensor until the shifting is successful.
[0020] Outboard electronic shift control module Figure 2 As shown, the driver transmits the shift signal to the ECM by swinging the handle. The ECM sends the demand Com_stGears to the ECU gear control module in the form of a message, and inputs the speed signal Epim_nEng and the engine status CoEng_st signal to the control module. According to the input status, the ECU outputs the gear sensor feedback voltage Gear_uRaw_mp, the gear drive duty cycle Gear_rps, the gear drive duty cycle change rate Gear_rpsRamp, and the gear status Gear_st to control the gear shift actuator to move in different directions, thereby realizing the outboard motor shift function.
[0021] Gear position sensor feedback signal processing Figure 3As shown in the figure, in order to ensure the reliability of the gear position sensor, a dual Hall signal design is used. The input signal Gear_uRaw1 is the first Hall signal, and the input signal Gear_uRaw2 is the second Hall signal. Gear1 SRC and Gear2 SRC are two signal ranges for fault diagnosis. When the raw signal voltage exceeds the set maximum and minimum voltages, a fault is triggered, reminding the driver and maintenance personnel that the gear position sensor is faulty and repairs are performed. The gear position sensor signal is processed by fault processing, maximum and minimum limits, and reference signal selection to finally output the original position of the gear position Gear_uRaw_mp.
[0022] The gear sensor finally outputs the gear raw position Gear_uRaw_mp to the gear coordination (Gearv governor) module, see Figure 4 shown.
[0023] Neutral position judgment module Figure 5 As shown, according to the size of the current gear signal Gear_uRaw_mp, when Gear_uNeuMin_C≤input 1≤Gear_uNeuMax_C, the output neutral state Gear_st value is 0.
[0024] The forward gear position judgment module is as follows Figure 6 As shown, according to the size of the current gear signal Gear_uRaw_mp, when Gear_uFrwMin_C≤input 1≤Gear_uFrwMax_C, the output forward gear state Gear_st value is 1.
[0025] The reverse gear position judgment module is as follows Figure 7 As shown, according to the size of the current gear signal Gear_uRaw_mp, when Gear_uRevMin_C≤input 1≤Gear_uRevMax_C, the output reverse gear state Gear_st value is 2.
[0026] On the basis of installing the gear sensor and adopting the above control logic, the gear status can be monitored at all times. If there are signs of gear shifting, the gear can be engaged again immediately to avoid the risk of gear shifting and improve the safety of high seas driving.
[0027] The gear shift system failures mainly include gear shift drive number failures and gear shift motor short circuit failures.
[0028] Gear shift drive times fault judgment Figure 8 As shown, after the ECU drives the gear shift, if the gear shift is not executed, it will be driven again after Gear_tiExMax_C time. If the maximum driving times Gear_numExMax_C are exceeded, the gear shift system fault Gear_stConsDrvErr will be reported to remind the driver to check the gear shift system.
[0029] Shift motor short circuit fault judgment Fig. 9 As shown, this part is determined by the bottom chip and input to the application layer logic implementation.
[0030] By adopting the above control logic, the gear sensor signal and the current of the shift motor are used to constantly judge whether the sensor and the motor are normal. When an abnormal signal is found, the fault is reported immediately to remind the driver to repair it, avoiding the driver from traveling at risk, and realizing the system self-diagnosis function at the same time.
[0031] Based on the electric control handle and the electric control actuator, the present invention adopts the above control logic to completely replace the traditional shifting scheme. The driver does not need too much force and only needs to push the electronic shift lever to issue a shift command. The ECU controls the motor to drive the shift shaft to rotate. The handle no longer needs to use the lever principle to save effort, thereby greatly reducing the length of the shift handle and saving the installation space of the ship's console. At the same time, the driver's control is softer and more precise, improving the driving experience. Through the above system, only the shift handle needs to be replaced with an unmanned controller to send a shift signal to achieve electronic unmanned shifting, which greatly improves the traditional shifting method of adding a shift actuator to pull the handle and simplifies the unmanned ship shifting system.
[0032] The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and features of the present invention, and their purpose is to enable people familiar with the technology to understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly, and they cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any modifications made according to the spirit of the main technical solution of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A fully electronically controlled fuel outboard engine shifting system, characterized in that: It includes an electronic shift handle, an ECM controller and an outboard motor connected in sequence, wherein the outboard motor has an internal ECU and is connected and controlled by the ECM controller, and the ECM controller and the ECU are also respectively connected to the outboard motor instrument to display the shift information; The outboard motor driver's gear shifting intention is converted into an electrical signal through the electronic handle. After receiving the gear shifting signal, the ECU calculates the direction and target position of the driving gear shift actuator based on the current position status, and calculates when to stop driving according to the real-time position feedback from the gear position sensor until the gear shift is successful.
2. The fully electronically controlled fuel outboard engine shifting system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ECU includes a gear control module. After receiving the gear shift signal from the electronic gear shift handle, the ECM controller sends the demand Com_stGears to the ECU gear control module in the form of a message, and at the same time inputs the speed signal Epim_nEng and the engine status CoEng_st signal into the ECU gear control module; the ECU gear control module outputs the gear sensor feedback voltage Gear_uRaw_mp, the gear drive duty cycle Gear_rps, the gear drive duty cycle change rate Gear_rpsRamp, and the gear status Gear_st according to the input status to control the gear shift actuator to move in different directions, thereby realizing the outboard motor shift function.
3. The fully electronically controlled fuel outboard engine shifting system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The electronic shift position sensor adopts a dual Hall signal design and inputs two Hall signals Gear_uRaw1 and Gear_uRaw2; Gear1 SRC and Gear2 SRC perform fault diagnosis on the two signal ranges. When the raw signal voltage exceeds the set maximum and minimum voltages, a fault is triggered to remind the driver and maintenance personnel that there is a fault in the gear sensor and to perform repairs; the gear sensor signal is processed by fault processing, maximum and minimum limits, and reference signal selection to finally output the gear original position Gear_uRaw_mp.
4. The fully electronically controlled fuel outboard engine shifting system according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The gear sensor finally outputs the gear original position Gear_uRaw_mp to the gear coordination module Gearv governor.
5. The fully electronically controlled fuel outboard engine shifting system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The gear control module also includes a neutral position determination module. The neutral position determination module outputs a neutral state Gear_st value of 0 according to the size of the current gear signal Gear_uRaw_mp when Gear_uNeuMin_C≤input1≤Gear_uNeuMax_C.
6. The fully electronically controlled fuel outboard engine shifting system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The gear control module also includes a forward gear position determination module. The forward gear position determination module outputs a forward gear state Gear_st value of 1 according to the size of the current gear signal Gear_uRaw_mp when Gear_uFrwMin_C≤input1≤Gear_uFrwMax_C.
7. The fully electronically controlled fuel outboard engine shifting system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The gear control module also includes a reverse gear position determination module. The reverse gear position determination module outputs a reverse gear state Gear_st value of 2 according to the size of the current gear signal Gear_uRaw_mp when Gear_uRevMin_C≤input 1≤Gear_uRevMax_C.
8. The fully electronically controlled fuel outboard engine shifting system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The gear control module also includes a gear shift drive times fault judgment module. When the ECU drives the gear shift, if the gear shift is not executed in place, it will drive again after Gear_tiExMax_C time. If the maximum drive times Gear_numExMax_C are exceeded, the gear shift system fault Gear_stConsDrvErr will be reported to remind the driver to check the gear shift system.
9. The fully electronically controlled fuel outboard engine shifting system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The gear control module also includes a gear shift motor short circuit fault judgment module, which is input from the bottom layer chip to the application layer logic implementation.