Intelligent explosion-proof pressure-relief hydrogen storage cylinder and control method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses an intelligent explosion-proof pressure-relief hydrogen storage cylinder and a control method thereof, and relates to the technical field of container pressure relief, the hydrogen storage cylinder comprises a hydrogen storage cylinder body, an intelligent control unit, a multi-stage pressure relief system and a data acquisition system, through the multi-stage pressure relief scheme, accurate pressure adjustment can be achieved, the pressure relief process is stable and controllable, and the pressure relief efficiency is improved. The subsequent pressure of the hydrogen storage cylinder is accurately and comprehensively predicted by combining the LSTM model and the correlation influence among the internal pressure, the internal temperature and the medium flow in the hydrogen storage cylinder, and a corresponding pressure relief scheme is dynamically adopted for pressure relief adjustment, so that reasonable and effective pressure relief of the hydrogen storage cylinder is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of container pressure relief, and more specifically, to an intelligent explosion-proof pressure relief hydrogen storage cylinder and a control method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous expansion of industrial production, hydrogen storage cylinders are increasingly used in the chemical, petroleum, energy and other industries. There is a risk of overpressure explosion in the operation of hydrogen storage cylinders. How to achieve intelligent and precise explosion-proof and pressure relief control has become a key issue to ensure the safe operation of hydrogen storage cylinders.

[0003] At present, conventional hydrogen storage cylinder pressure relief devices mostly use mechanical safety valves, which have the following shortcomings: first, the pressure relief starting pressure is fixed and cannot be adjusted in real time according to the working conditions; second, the pressure relief volume is uncontrollable, which can easily cause medium waste; third, there is a lack of intelligent early warning mechanism, and the pressure relief is often triggered only when the pressure reaches the critical value, and there is a certain lag; fourth, a single pressure relief method is difficult to cope with complex and changeable working conditions, and there are safety hazards. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide an intelligent explosion-proof and pressure-relieving hydrogen storage cylinder and a control method thereof.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] An intelligent explosion-proof and pressure-relief hydrogen storage cylinder, comprising a hydrogen storage cylinder body, an intelligent control unit, a multi-stage pressure relief system and a data acquisition system;

[0007] The intelligent control unit is electrically connected to the hydrogen storage cylinder body;

[0008] The intelligent control unit periodically obtains the predicted pressure of the hydrogen storage cylinder, determines whether to start the pressure relief warning based on the comparison result between the predicted pressure and the predicted reference pressure, and after starting the pressure relief warning, determines to start the emergency pressure relief valve pressure relief, the secondary pressure relief valve pressure relief or the primary pressure relief valve pressure relief;

[0009] The multi-stage pressure relief system is fixed on the hydrogen storage cylinder body;

[0010] The data acquisition system is used to collect the internal pressure, internal temperature and medium flow of the hydrogen storage cylinder.

[0011] Furthermore, the multi-stage pressure relief system includes a primary pressure relief valve, a secondary pressure relief valve and an emergency pressure relief valve arranged in series, and all three are electrically connected to the intelligent control unit.

[0012] Furthermore, the first-stage pressure relief valve adopts an electric regulating valve structure; the second-stage pressure relief valve adopts an electromagnetic fast opening and closing valve structure; and the emergency pressure relief valve adopts a bursting disc structure.

[0013] Furthermore, the data acquisition system includes a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor and a flow sensor, the sensors are all explosion-proof, and the signal output end is connected to the intelligent control unit;

[0014] The pressure sensor adopts a diaphragm pressure transmitter with a measurement accuracy of not less than level 0.2; the temperature sensor adopts an armored thermal resistor with a temperature measurement range of -40°C to 200°C; the flow sensor adopts a vortex flowmeter with an accuracy level of 0.5.

[0015] Furthermore, the predicted pressure of the hydrogen storage cylinder is periodically obtained, specifically: a historical pressure feature set of the hydrogen storage cylinder is obtained, a data prediction model corresponding to the internal pressure is obtained, the historical pressure feature set is used as input data of the data prediction model, and the data prediction model outputs the predicted pressure of the hydrogen storage cylinder;

[0016] The method for obtaining the historical pressure feature set of the hydrogen storage cylinder is as follows: obtaining the pressure features of the hydrogen storage cylinder for multiple consecutive periods before the current time, combining the pressure features of the multiple periods, and obtaining the historical pressure feature set of the hydrogen storage cylinder;

[0017] The pressure characteristics of a cycle are obtained as follows: all internal pressures of the hydrogen storage cylinder in a cycle are collected, and data preprocessing and feature extraction are performed on all internal pressures to obtain the pressure characteristics of the cycle.

[0018] Furthermore, after the pressure relief warning is activated, it is determined whether to activate the emergency pressure relief valve, the secondary pressure relief valve or the primary pressure relief valve. Specifically, when the pressure relief warning is activated, the predicted temperature PTtp and the predicted flow rate PTin of the hydrogen storage cylinder are obtained, and the pressure relief associated value Bd of the internal temperature and the pressure relief associated value Es of the medium flow rate are obtained simultaneously. The formula Get the explosion-proof pressure relief judgment value Sw, set the explosion-proof pressure relief judgment high value and explosion-proof pressure relief judgment low value, when the explosion-proof pressure relief judgment value is greater than or equal to the explosion-proof pressure relief judgment high value, start the emergency pressure relief valve to relieve pressure, when the explosion-proof pressure relief judgment value is between the explosion-proof pressure relief judgment high value and the explosion-proof pressure relief judgment low value, start the secondary pressure relief valve to relieve pressure, when the explosion-proof pressure relief judgment value is less than or equal to the explosion-proof pressure relief judgment low value, start the primary pressure relief valve to relieve pressure.

[0019] Furthermore, the predicted temperature and predicted flow of the hydrogen storage cylinder are obtained, specifically: the historical temperature feature set and the historical flow feature set of the hydrogen storage cylinder are obtained, the data prediction model corresponding to the internal temperature and the medium flow is obtained, the historical temperature feature set and the historical flow feature set are respectively input into the corresponding data prediction model, and the predicted temperature and predicted flow of the hydrogen storage cylinder are output.

[0020] Furthermore, the historical temperature feature set of the hydrogen storage cylinder is obtained as follows: temperature features of the hydrogen storage cylinder in a plurality of consecutive periods before the current time are obtained, and the temperature features of the plurality of periods are combined to obtain the historical temperature feature set of the hydrogen storage cylinder;

[0021] The method for obtaining the historical flow feature set of the hydrogen storage cylinder is as follows: obtain the flow features of the hydrogen storage cylinder for multiple consecutive periods before the current time, combine the flow features of multiple periods, and obtain the historical flow feature set of the hydrogen storage cylinder.

[0022] Furthermore, the pressure relief correlation value of the internal temperature is obtained as follows: the average characteristic fluctuation value and the average connection characteristic value of the internal temperature are obtained and marked as , is the average characteristic fluctuation value of the internal temperature, is the average connection characteristic value of the internal temperature, obtain the average characteristic fluctuation value and the average connection characteristic value of the internal pressure, and mark them as , is the average characteristic fluctuation value of the internal pressure, is the average connection characteristic value of the internal pressure, and the pressure relief correlation value of the internal temperature is calculated using the cosine similarity algorithm;

[0023] The pressure relief correlation value of the medium flow is obtained as follows: the average characteristic fluctuation value and the average connection characteristic value of the medium flow are obtained and marked as , is the average characteristic fluctuation value of the medium flow, is the average connection characteristic value of the medium flow, obtains the average characteristic fluctuation value of the internal pressure and the average connection characteristic value, and marks them as , is the average characteristic fluctuation value of the internal pressure, is the average connection characteristic value of the internal pressure, and the pressure relief correlation value of the medium flow is calculated using the cosine similarity algorithm;

[0024] The average characteristic fluctuation value is obtained as follows: obtain the characteristic analysis values ​​of the same parameter for e consecutive periods before the current time, sort all the characteristic analysis values ​​in the order of the corresponding periods, calculate the difference between the two adjacent characteristic analysis values ​​after sorting and take the absolute value to obtain the characteristic fluctuation value, sum up all the characteristic fluctuation values ​​and take the average to obtain the average characteristic fluctuation value;

[0025] The average connection characteristic value is obtained as follows: obtain the characteristic analysis values ​​of the same parameter for e consecutive periods before the current time, sort all the characteristic analysis values ​​in the order of the corresponding periods, sum the two adjacent characteristic analysis values ​​after sorting to obtain the connection characteristic value, sum all the connection characteristic values ​​and take the average to obtain the average connection characteristic value.

[0026] Furthermore, a control method for an intelligent explosion-proof and pressure-relieving hydrogen storage cylinder comprises the following steps:

[0027] Step 1: Periodically obtain the predicted pressure of the hydrogen storage tank;

[0028] Step 2: Based on the comparison result between the predicted pressure and the predicted reference pressure, determine whether to start the pressure relief warning;

[0029] Step 3: After the pressure relief warning is activated, the explosion-proof pressure relief judgment value is obtained;

[0030] Step 4: When the explosion-proof pressure relief judgment value is greater than or equal to the explosion-proof pressure relief judgment high value, the emergency pressure relief valve is activated to release pressure;

[0031] Step 5: When the explosion-proof pressure relief judgment value is between the explosion-proof pressure relief judgment high value and the explosion-proof pressure relief judgment low value, the secondary pressure relief valve is started to release pressure;

[0032] Step six: When the explosion-proof pressure relief judgment value is less than or equal to the explosion-proof pressure relief judgment low value, start the first-level pressure relief valve to release pressure.

[0033] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0034] The control method of the present invention can achieve precise regulation of pressure through a multi-stage pressure relief scheme, and the pressure relief process is smooth and controllable. Combined with the LSTM model and the correlation and influence between the internal pressure, internal temperature and medium flow in the hydrogen storage cylinder, the subsequent pressure of the hydrogen storage cylinder can be accurately and comprehensively predicted, and the corresponding pressure relief scheme can be dynamically adopted to adjust the pressure relief, so as to ensure reasonable and effective pressure relief of the hydrogen storage cylinder. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 A method flow chart of a control method for an intelligent explosion-proof and pressure-relieving hydrogen storage cylinder;

[0036] Figure 2 The assembly structure diagram of the intelligent explosion-proof and pressure-relieving hydrogen storage cylinder;

[0037] Figure 3 It is the assembly structure diagram of the multi-stage pressure relief system;

[0038] Figure 4This is the assembly structure diagram of the data acquisition system;

[0039] Figure 5 This is the structural diagram of the intelligent control system.

[0040] In the figure: 1-hydrogen storage cylinder body, 2-multi-stage pressure relief system, 21-first-stage pressure relief valve, 22-second-stage pressure relief valve, 23-emergency pressure relief valve, 3-intelligent control unit, 31-central processing unit, 32-storage module, 33-control execution module, 34-human-computer interaction unit, 4-data acquisition system, 41-pressure sensor, 42-temperature sensor, 43-8 sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] Example 1: Reference Figure 1 , a control method for an intelligent explosion-proof and pressure-relieving hydrogen storage cylinder comprises the following steps:

[0042] Step 1: Periodically obtain the predicted pressure of the hydrogen storage tank;

[0043] Step 2: Based on the comparison result between the predicted pressure and the predicted reference pressure, determine whether to start the pressure relief warning;

[0044] Step 3: After the pressure relief warning is activated, the explosion-proof pressure relief judgment value is obtained;

[0045] Step 4: When the explosion-proof pressure relief judgment value is greater than or equal to the explosion-proof pressure relief judgment high value, the emergency pressure relief valve is activated to release pressure;

[0046] Step 5: When the explosion-proof pressure relief judgment value is between the explosion-proof pressure relief judgment high value and the explosion-proof pressure relief judgment low value, the secondary pressure relief valve is started to release pressure;

[0047] Step six: When the explosion-proof pressure relief judgment value is less than or equal to the explosion-proof pressure relief judgment low value, start the first-level pressure relief valve to release pressure.

[0048] Example 2: Reference Figures 2 to 5 , including a hydrogen storage cylinder body 1, a multi-stage pressure relief system 2 fixed on the hydrogen storage cylinder body 1, an intelligent control unit 3 and a data acquisition system 4. The hydrogen storage cylinder body 1 is made of Q345R steel, with a wall thickness of 12mm and a design pressure of 1.6MPa.

[0049] The multi-stage pressure relief system 2 includes a first-stage pressure relief valve 21, a second-stage pressure relief valve 22 and an emergency pressure relief valve 23 connected in series. The first-stage pressure relief valve 21 adopts an electric regulating valve structure, and the flow capacity at the maximum opening of 100% is 50m³ / h. The opening can be continuously adjusted within the range of 0-100%, and the response time is less than 500ms; the second-stage pressure relief valve 22 adopts a direct-acting solenoid valve, normally closed, with a rated diameter of DN50, a rated pressure of PN16, and a response time of less than 100ms; the emergency pressure relief valve 23 adopts a bursting disc structure, with a bursting pressure of 1.8MPa±3%, and a bursting response time of less than 5ms.

[0050] The specific arrangement of the data acquisition system 4 is as follows: pressure sensors 41 are installed on the top, middle and bottom of the hydrogen storage cylinder body 1 respectively, using a diaphragm pressure transmitter with a measuring range of 0-2MPa, an accuracy level of 0.2, and a signal output of 4-20mA standard signal; the temperature sensor 42 uses a PT100 armored thermal resistor, which is arranged at different heights of the hydrogen storage cylinder body 1, with a temperature measurement range of -40°C to 200°C and a response time of less than 10s; the flow sensor 43 is installed on the pressure relief pipeline, using a DN50 vortex flowmeter, which is used to monitor the medium flow during the pressure relief process.

[0051] The intelligent control unit 3 adopts an industrial control cabinet structure, and is internally installed with a central processor 31, a storage module 32, a control execution module 33 and a human-machine interaction unit 34. The central processor 31 adopts an industrial-grade ARM processor with a main frequency of 1.2GHz and 4GB of running memory; the storage module 32 adopts a 128GB industrial-grade solid-state hard disk with a power-off protection function; the human-machine interaction unit 34 adopts a 10-inch capacitive touch screen with a resolution of 1920×1080 and supports multi-touch operation.

[0052] The control execution module 33 collects the internal pressure, internal temperature and medium flow of the hydrogen storage cylinder in real time, periodically obtains the predicted pressure Rk of the hydrogen storage cylinder, sets the predicted reference pressure (the predicted reference pressure is a pre-set pressure value), and activates the pressure relief warning when the predicted pressure is greater than the predicted reference pressure. When the predicted pressure is less than or equal to the predicted reference pressure, no further processing is performed.

[0053] When the pressure relief warning is activated, the predicted temperature PTtp and predicted flow PTin of the hydrogen storage cylinder are obtained, and the pressure relief associated value Bd of the internal temperature and the pressure relief associated value Es of the medium flow are obtained simultaneously. The explosion-proof pressure relief judgment value Sw is obtained.

[0054] The pressure relief correlation value of the internal temperature is obtained as follows: the average characteristic fluctuation value and the average connection characteristic value of the internal temperature are obtained and marked as , is the average characteristic fluctuation value of the internal temperature, is the average connection characteristic value of the internal temperature, obtain the average characteristic fluctuation value and the average connection characteristic value of the internal pressure, and mark them as , is the average characteristic fluctuation value of the internal pressure, is the average connection characteristic value of the internal pressure, and the pressure relief correlation value of the internal temperature is calculated using the cosine similarity algorithm.

[0055] The pressure relief correlation value of the medium flow is obtained as follows: the average characteristic fluctuation value and the average connection characteristic value of the medium flow are obtained and marked as , is the average characteristic fluctuation value of the medium flow, is the average connection characteristic value of the medium flow, obtains the average characteristic fluctuation value of the internal pressure and the average connection characteristic value, and marks them as , is the average characteristic fluctuation value of the internal pressure, is the average connection characteristic value of the internal pressure, and the pressure relief correlation value of the medium flow is calculated using the cosine similarity algorithm.

[0056] Pressure relief correlation value .

[0057] The average characteristic fluctuation value is obtained as follows: obtain the characteristic analysis values ​​of the same parameter (parameters include internal pressure, internal temperature and medium flow) for e consecutive periods before the current time, sort all the characteristic analysis values ​​in the order of the corresponding periods, calculate the difference between the two adjacent characteristic analysis values ​​after sorting and take the absolute value to obtain the characteristic fluctuation value, sum up all the characteristic fluctuation values ​​and take the average to obtain the average characteristic fluctuation value.

[0058] The average connection characteristic value is obtained as follows: obtain the characteristic analysis values ​​of the same parameter for e consecutive periods before the current time, sort all the characteristic analysis values ​​in the order of the corresponding periods, sum the two adjacent characteristic analysis values ​​after sorting to obtain the connection characteristic value, sum all the connection characteristic values ​​and take the average to obtain the average connection characteristic value.

[0059] Set a high explosion-proof pressure relief judgment value and a low explosion-proof pressure relief judgment value (the high explosion-proof pressure relief judgment value is greater than the low explosion-proof pressure relief judgment value, and both the high explosion-proof pressure relief judgment value and the low explosion-proof pressure relief judgment value are pre-set thresholds). When the explosion-proof pressure relief judgment value is greater than or equal to the high explosion-proof pressure relief judgment value, start the emergency pressure relief valve to relieve pressure. When the explosion-proof pressure relief judgment value is between the high explosion-proof pressure relief judgment value and the low explosion-proof pressure relief judgment value, start the secondary pressure relief valve to relieve pressure. When the explosion-proof pressure relief judgment value is less than or equal to the low explosion-proof pressure relief judgment value, start the primary pressure relief valve to relieve pressure.

[0060] The predicted pressure of the hydrogen storage cylinder is obtained periodically, specifically: a historical pressure feature set of the hydrogen storage cylinder is obtained, a data prediction model corresponding to the internal pressure is obtained, the historical pressure feature set is used as input data of the data prediction model, and the data prediction model outputs the predicted pressure of the hydrogen storage cylinder.

[0061] Obtain the predicted temperature and predicted flow of the hydrogen storage cylinder, specifically: obtain the historical temperature feature set and historical flow feature set of the hydrogen storage cylinder, obtain the data prediction model corresponding to the internal temperature and medium flow, input the historical temperature feature set and the historical flow feature set into the corresponding data prediction model respectively, and output the predicted temperature and predicted flow of the hydrogen storage cylinder.

[0062] The method for obtaining the historical pressure feature set of the hydrogen storage cylinder is as follows: obtain the pressure features of the hydrogen storage cylinder for multiple consecutive periods before the current time, combine the pressure features of multiple periods, and obtain the historical pressure feature set of the hydrogen storage cylinder.

[0063] The method for obtaining the historical temperature feature set of the hydrogen storage cylinder is as follows: obtain the temperature features of the hydrogen storage cylinder for multiple consecutive periods before the current time, combine the temperature features of the multiple periods, and obtain the historical temperature feature set of the hydrogen storage cylinder.

[0064] The method for obtaining the historical flow feature set of the hydrogen storage cylinder is as follows: obtain the flow features of the hydrogen storage cylinder for multiple consecutive periods before the current time, combine the flow features of multiple periods, and obtain the historical flow feature set of the hydrogen storage cylinder.

[0065] The pressure characteristics of a cycle are obtained as follows: all internal pressures of the hydrogen storage cylinder within a cycle are collected, and data preprocessing and feature extraction are performed on all internal pressures (data preprocessing methods include data cleaning, etc., and feature extraction methods include statistical feature extraction, time series feature extraction, etc.), to obtain the pressure characteristics of the cycle (the temperature characteristics and flow characteristics of a cycle are obtained in the same way, which will not be repeated here).

[0066] The internal pressure, internal temperature and medium flow rate correspond to a data prediction model respectively. Each data prediction model is constructed based on the LSTM model. The construction process of the data prediction model corresponding to the internal pressure is as follows: collect the historical pressure feature sets of v hydrogen storage cylinders (if the data prediction model corresponding to the internal temperature is constructed, collect the historical temperature feature sets of v hydrogen storage cylinders), construct the LSTM model, use the historical pressure feature sets of the hydrogen storage cylinders as the training data of the LSTM model, assign a predicted pressure to each training data, and the predicted pressure is the predicted internal pressure of the hydrogen storage cylinder in the next cycle (if the data prediction model corresponding to the internal temperature is constructed, assign a predicted temperature to each training data, and the predicted temperature is the predicted internal temperature of the hydrogen storage cylinder in the next cycle), divide the training data into a training set and a validation set according to a set ratio of 5:1, train the training set and the validation set, and after the training is completed, construct a data prediction model corresponding to the internal pressure.

[0067] The internal pressure, internal temperature and medium flow rate correspond to a feature analysis model respectively. Each feature analysis model is constructed based on the deep learning model. The construction process of the feature analysis model corresponding to the internal pressure is as follows: collect the pressure characteristics of L cycles (if the feature analysis model corresponding to the internal temperature is constructed, collect the temperature characteristics of L cycles), construct the deep learning model, and use the historical pressure feature set of the hydrogen storage cylinder as the training data of the deep learning model. A feature analysis value is assigned to each training data. The value range of the feature analysis value is (3.0~8.0). The larger the feature analysis value, the more abnormal the internal pressure in the cycle is, and the smaller the feature analysis value, the more abnormal the internal pressure in the cycle is (if the feature analysis model corresponding to the internal temperature is constructed, the larger the feature analysis value, the more abnormal the internal temperature in the cycle is, and the smaller the feature analysis value, the more abnormal the internal temperature in the cycle is). The training data is divided into a training set, a validation set and a test set according to a set ratio of 4:1:1, and the training set, validation set and test set are trained. After the training is completed, a feature analysis model for the internal pressure is constructed.

[0068] The working process of the present invention includes three stages: system initialization, normal operation and emergency disposal:

[0069] System initialization phase:

[0070] 1) Power-on self-test: Check whether all sensor signals are normal and whether all actuators are in place;

[0071] 2) Parameter loading: reading control parameters and historical data from the storage module 32;

[0072] 3) Communication confirmation: Establish data communication between modules to ensure normal data transmission;

[0073] 4) Preheating standby: The device will enter normal operation after preheating for 3 minutes.

[0074] Normal operation stage:

[0075] 1) Data acquisition: The system collects parameters such as pressure, temperature, flow, etc. in a cycle of 100ms;

[0076] 2) Data processing: pre-processing such as filtering and calibration of the collected data;

[0077] 3) Trend prediction: Perform pressure trend prediction every 1 second to predict the pressure change in the next 30 seconds;

[0078] 4) Control decision: select appropriate control strategy based on prediction results;

[0079] 5) Execution control: Execute corresponding control actions based on the decision results.

[0080] Emergency treatment stage:

[0081] When the following situations occur, the system enters the emergency handling stage:

[0082] 1) The pressure rises rapidly and exceeds 90% of the set value;

[0083] 2) Main sensor failure;

[0084] 3) The control actuator responds abnormally;

[0085] 4) Manually trigger emergency shutdown.

[0086] After entering the emergency handling stage, the system will follow the following steps:

[0087] 1) Immediately start the secondary pressure relief valve 22 to quickly release pressure;

[0088] 2) Send out sound and light alarm signals to alert on-site operators;

[0089] 3) Cut off the associated feeding system;

[0090] 4) Record system status data when the fault occurs;

[0091] 5) If the pressure continues to rise to 1.8MPa, the emergency pressure relief valve 23 will automatically burst.

[0092] Taking actual application as an example, the typical control process of the present invention is described:

[0093] When the system detects that the pressure begins to rise abnormally, the intelligent control unit 3 analyzes the pressure change trend through a deep learning algorithm. If the pressure is predicted to exceed 1.2MPa in the short term, the system first starts the first-stage pressure relief valve 21 for pre-release. The opening of the first-stage pressure relief valve 21 is calculated and adjusted in real time by the control execution module 33. The initial opening is set to 30%, and then dynamically adjusted according to the pressure change.

[0094] If the primary pressure relief effect is not ideal and the pressure continues to rise to 1.4MPa, the system will automatically start the secondary pressure relief valve 22. At this time, the primary pressure relief valve 21 remains fully open, and the secondary pressure relief valve 22 adopts a pulsed opening method, with each opening time of 2s and closing time of 1s. In this way, the pressure is reduced in a step-by-step manner to avoid the impact caused by a sudden drop in system pressure.

[0095] In extreme cases, such as a serious equipment failure causing a sharp rise in pressure, when the pressure reaches 1.8MPa, the bursting disc of the emergency pressure relief valve 23 will automatically rupture and complete the pressure relief action within 5ms to ensure the safety of the equipment. The system also records all operating parameters 60s before the failure occurs, providing a basis for subsequent accident analysis.

[0096] The above formulas are all dimensionless and numerical calculations are performed, and the preset parameters in the formulas are set by technicians in this field according to actual conditions.

[0097] The above embodiments can be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware or any other combination. When implemented by software, the above embodiments can be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions or computer programs. When the computer instructions or computer programs are loaded or executed on a computer, the process or function described in the embodiment of the present application is generated in whole or in part. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium. For example, the computer instructions can be transmitted from one website site, computer, server or data center to another website site, computer, server or data center by wired or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.). The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that a computer can access or a data storage device such as a server or data center that contains one or more available media sets. The available medium can be a magnetic medium (e.g., a floppy disk, a hard disk, a tape), an optical medium (e.g., a DVD), or a semiconductor medium. The semiconductor medium can be a solid-state hard disk.

[0098] It should be understood that in the various embodiments of the present application, the size of the serial numbers of the above-mentioned processes does not mean the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present application.

[0099] Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the units and algorithm steps of each example described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are performed in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professional and technical personnel can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered to be beyond the scope of this application.

[0100] Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that, for the convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the systems, devices and units described above can refer to the corresponding processes in the aforementioned method embodiments and will not be repeated here.

[0101] In the several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are only schematic. For example, the division of the units is only a logical function division. There may be other division methods in actual implementation, such as multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be through some interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0102] If the functions are implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present application can be essentially or partly embodied in the form of a software product that contributes to the prior art. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present application. The aforementioned storage media include: various media that can store program codes, such as USB flash drives, mobile hard disks, read-only memories (ROM), random access memories (RAM), magnetic disks or optical disks.

[0103] The above is only a specific implementation of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art who is familiar with the present technical field can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present application, which should be included in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An intelligent explosion-proof and pressure-relieving hydrogen storage cylinder, characterized in that: It includes a hydrogen storage cylinder body, an intelligent control unit, a multi-stage pressure relief system and a data acquisition system; The intelligent control unit is electrically connected to the hydrogen storage cylinder body; The intelligent control unit periodically obtains the predicted pressure of the hydrogen storage cylinder, determines whether to start the pressure relief warning based on the comparison result between the predicted pressure and the predicted reference pressure, and after starting the pressure relief warning, determines to start the emergency pressure relief valve pressure relief, the secondary pressure relief valve pressure relief or the primary pressure relief valve pressure relief; The multi-stage pressure relief system is fixed on the hydrogen storage cylinder body; The data acquisition system is used to collect the internal pressure, internal temperature and medium flow of the hydrogen storage cylinder.

2. The intelligent explosion-proof and pressure-relieving hydrogen storage cylinder according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The multi-stage pressure relief system includes a primary pressure relief valve, a secondary pressure relief valve and an emergency pressure relief valve arranged in series, all of which are electrically connected to the intelligent control unit.

3. The intelligent explosion-proof and pressure-relieving hydrogen storage cylinder according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The first-stage pressure relief valve adopts an electric regulating valve structure; the second-stage pressure relief valve adopts an electromagnetic fast opening and closing valve structure; and the emergency pressure relief valve adopts a bursting disc structure.

4. The intelligent explosion-proof and pressure-relieving hydrogen storage cylinder according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The data acquisition system includes a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor and a flow sensor, all of which are explosion-proof, and the signal output end is connected to the intelligent control unit; The pressure sensor adopts a diaphragm pressure transmitter with a measurement accuracy of not less than level 0.2; the temperature sensor adopts an armored thermal resistor with a temperature measurement range of -40°C to 200°C; the flow sensor adopts a vortex flowmeter with an accuracy level of 0.

5.

5. The intelligent explosion-proof and pressure-relieving hydrogen storage cylinder according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The predicted pressure of the hydrogen storage cylinder is periodically obtained, specifically: a historical pressure feature set of the hydrogen storage cylinder is obtained, a data prediction model corresponding to the internal pressure is obtained, the historical pressure feature set is used as input data of the data prediction model, and the data prediction model outputs the predicted pressure of the hydrogen storage cylinder; The method for obtaining the historical pressure feature set of the hydrogen storage cylinder is as follows: obtaining the pressure features of the hydrogen storage cylinder for multiple consecutive periods before the current time, combining the pressure features of the multiple periods, and obtaining the historical pressure feature set of the hydrogen storage cylinder; The pressure characteristics of a cycle are obtained as follows: all internal pressures of the hydrogen storage cylinder in a cycle are collected, and data preprocessing and feature extraction are performed on all internal pressures to obtain the pressure characteristics of the cycle.

6. The intelligent explosion-proof and pressure-relieving hydrogen storage cylinder according to claim 1 is characterized in that: After the pressure relief warning is activated, it is determined whether to activate the emergency pressure relief valve, the secondary pressure relief valve or the primary pressure relief valve. Specifically, when the pressure relief warning is activated, the predicted temperature PTtp and the predicted flow rate PTin of the hydrogen storage cylinder are obtained, and the pressure relief associated value Bd of the internal temperature and the pressure relief associated value Es of the medium flow rate are obtained simultaneously. Get the explosion-proof pressure relief judgment value Sw, set the explosion-proof pressure relief judgment high value and the explosion-proof pressure relief judgment low value, when the explosion-proof pressure relief judgment value is greater than or equal to the explosion-proof pressure relief judgment high value, start the emergency pressure relief valve to relieve pressure, when the explosion-proof pressure relief judgment value is between the explosion-proof pressure relief judgment high value and the explosion-proof pressure relief judgment low value, start the secondary pressure relief valve to relieve pressure, when the explosion-proof pressure relief judgment value is less than or equal to the explosion-proof pressure relief judgment low value, start the primary pressure relief valve to relieve pressure.

7. The intelligent explosion-proof and pressure-relieving hydrogen storage cylinder according to claim 6 is characterized in that: Obtain the predicted temperature and predicted flow of the hydrogen storage cylinder, specifically: obtain the historical temperature feature set and historical flow feature set of the hydrogen storage cylinder, obtain the data prediction model corresponding to the internal temperature and medium flow, input the historical temperature feature set and the historical flow feature set into the corresponding data prediction model respectively, and output the predicted temperature and predicted flow of the hydrogen storage cylinder.

8. The intelligent explosion-proof and pressure-relieving hydrogen storage cylinder according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The method for obtaining the historical temperature feature set of the hydrogen storage cylinder is as follows: obtaining the temperature features of the hydrogen storage cylinder for multiple consecutive periods before the current time, combining the temperature features of the multiple periods, and obtaining the historical temperature feature set of the hydrogen storage cylinder; The method for obtaining the historical flow feature set of the hydrogen storage cylinder is as follows: obtain the flow features of the hydrogen storage cylinder for multiple consecutive periods before the current time, combine the flow features of multiple periods, and obtain the historical flow feature set of the hydrogen storage cylinder.

9. The intelligent explosion-proof and pressure-relieving hydrogen storage cylinder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure relief correlation value of the internal temperature is obtained as follows: the average characteristic fluctuation value and the average connection characteristic value of the internal temperature are obtained and marked as , is the average characteristic fluctuation value of the internal temperature, is the average connection characteristic value of the internal temperature, obtain the average characteristic fluctuation value and the average connection characteristic value of the internal pressure, and mark them as , is the average characteristic fluctuation value of the internal pressure, is the average connection characteristic value of the internal pressure, and the pressure relief correlation value of the internal temperature is calculated using the cosine similarity algorithm; The pressure relief correlation value of the medium flow is obtained as follows: the average characteristic fluctuation value and the average connection characteristic value of the medium flow are obtained and marked as , is the average characteristic fluctuation value of the medium flow, is the average connection characteristic value of the medium flow, obtains the average characteristic fluctuation value of the internal pressure and the average connection characteristic value, and marks them as , is the average characteristic fluctuation value of the internal pressure, is the average connection characteristic value of the internal pressure, and the pressure relief correlation value of the medium flow is calculated using the cosine similarity algorithm; The average characteristic fluctuation value is obtained as follows: obtain the characteristic analysis values ​​of the same parameter for e consecutive periods before the current time, sort all the characteristic analysis values ​​in the order of the corresponding periods, calculate the difference between the two adjacent characteristic analysis values ​​after sorting and take the absolute value to obtain the characteristic fluctuation value, sum up all the characteristic fluctuation values ​​and take the average to obtain the average characteristic fluctuation value; The average connection characteristic value is obtained as follows: obtain the characteristic analysis values ​​of the same parameter for e consecutive periods before the current time, sort all the characteristic analysis values ​​in the order of the corresponding periods, sum the two adjacent characteristic analysis values ​​after sorting to obtain the connection characteristic value, sum all the connection characteristic values ​​and take the average to obtain the average connection characteristic value.

10. A control method for an intelligent explosion-proof and pressure-relief hydrogen storage cylinder, applied to an intelligent explosion-proof and pressure-relief hydrogen storage cylinder according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Periodically obtain the predicted pressure of the hydrogen storage tank; Step 2: Based on the comparison result between the predicted pressure and the predicted reference pressure, determine whether to start the pressure relief warning; Step 3: After the pressure relief warning is activated, the explosion-proof pressure relief judgment value is obtained; Step 4: When the explosion-proof pressure relief judgment value is greater than or equal to the explosion-proof pressure relief judgment high value, the emergency pressure relief valve is activated to release pressure; Step 5: When the explosion-proof pressure relief judgment value is between the explosion-proof pressure relief judgment high value and the explosion-proof pressure relief judgment low value, the secondary pressure relief valve is started to release pressure; Step six: When the explosion-proof pressure relief judgment value is less than or equal to the explosion-proof pressure relief judgment low value, start the first-level pressure relief valve to release pressure.

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