Foundation pit depth monitoring device and monitoring method thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of building construction monitoring, and particularly relates to a foundation pit depth monitoring device and a monitoring method.The foundation pit depth monitoring device comprises a connecting device and a measuring device, the connecting device is composed of a fixed base and a ball head capable of rotating freely, and the measuring device is internally provided with a tape device, a tape band and a heavy hammer device; a piezoelectric sensing light-emitting ball is arranged in the heavy hammer, and when the heavy hammer touches the bottom of the foundation pit, the piezoelectric sensing light-emitting ball is pressed to emit light to prompt a measurer to read the extension length of the ruler belt, so that the depth of the foundation pit is accurately calculated. According to the foundation pit depth monitoring device disclosed by the invention, through the design of the ball head and the fixed base, the application capability of equipment in different construction environments is enhanced, and real-time and continuous monitoring of the depth of a foundation pit is realized in combination with stretching of the winding measuring device and pressed light-emitting feedback of a piezoelectric sensing light-emitting ball in the heavy hammer device; and the stability of the device in a complex environment is enhanced, and particularly under the condition that accumulated water exists at the bottom of a foundation pit, the measurement accuracy can still be kept.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of building construction monitoring, and in particular relates to a foundation pit depth monitoring device and a monitoring method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The foundation pit is the underground space that needs to be excavated during the construction of housing, municipal engineering or underground buildings. In order to ensure the safety of foundation pit construction, the stability of the main underground structure and the protection of the surrounding environment, before the foundation pit is excavated, the excavation plan should be determined based on the geological survey report, the surrounding buildings and underground facilities, construction conditions and relevant standards, including excavation methods, excavation sequence, layered excavation depth, slope gradient, support plan, drainage measures, etc. The whole process involves the collaborative work of multiple disciplines, collectively referred to as foundation pit engineering. The purpose of foundation pit engineering is to ensure that construction activities can be carried out safely and smoothly under complex geological conditions and environmental changes, and to minimize the impact on the surrounding environment and facilities.

[0003] At present, common methods for monitoring the depth of foundation pits include physical contact measurement, laser scanning measurement, optical measurement, etc. For example, the patent with the patent publication number CN114485456B discloses a depth measuring device for monitoring foundation pits and a measuring method thereof. The depth measuring device for monitoring foundation pits includes a fixed plate, a monitoring host, a fixed cylinder, an adjustment rod and a measuring instrument. The measuring instrument is suspended above the foundation pit through the adjustment rod, realizing the global monitoring of the entire foundation pit. However, this scheme is easily affected by environmental factors such as light, water accumulation at the bottom of the foundation pit, dust, and obstructions during use. Its installation and debugging process is relatively complicated and the cost is high, which is not conducive to its widespread use on construction sites. The patent application with the patent publication number CN118129599A discloses a foundation pit depth measuring device and a measuring method thereof. It designs a foundation pit depth measuring device including a connecting rod mechanism, a controller, a rotary encoder, a guide wheel, a take-up wheel, a wire body, a counterweight, a rotating seat and a base. The wire body is released or retracted by the wire wheel, and the length change of the wire body is used to measure the depth of the foundation pit. However, the wire is easily affected by wind sway during use, especially in construction environments with strong winds, resulting in large measurement errors. In addition, when there is water at the bottom of the foundation pit, the wire is easily stained with water, resulting in inaccurate measurements.

[0004] Therefore, how to achieve depth monitoring when there is water at the bottom of the foundation pit, especially reliable monitoring of the depth of the vertical shaft foundation pit, is a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently by technical personnel in this field. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention aims to solve the problems of large measurement error, low precision, complex installation and debugging, and high cost in the existing foundation pit depth monitoring process due to the influence of harsh environment such as water accumulation, dust, obstruction and interference at the bottom of the foundation pit. The foundation pit depth monitoring device and monitoring method disclosed in the present application realize automatic vertical placement of the monitoring instrument through a freely rotating ball head connection device, and combine the automatic winding tape with the built-in piezoelectric sensor luminous hammer feedback to achieve multi-point, real-time and accurate foundation pit depth monitoring under complex working conditions, simplify on-site operations, reduce maintenance costs, and ensure construction safety and protection of the surrounding environment.

[0006] In view of this, the present invention provides a foundation pit depth monitoring device, comprising: The connecting device comprises a fixed base and a ball head, wherein the ball head extends into the fixed base and can rotate, and a first connecting rod is arranged below the ball head; The winding measuring device includes a third mounting plate, the upper end of which is detachably connected to the first connecting rod, a tape measure device is arranged on one side of the third mounting plate, a tape measure wheel for winding the tape is arranged inside the tape measure device, a weight device is arranged below the tape, a piezoelectric sensor luminous ball is arranged inside the weight device, and the piezoelectric sensor luminous ball can emit light under pressure after the weight device sinks to the bottom of the foundation pit.

[0007] Furthermore, the connecting device comprises: A second connecting plate, used for detachable fixing of the connecting device; A fixed base, connected to the second connecting plate as a whole, and forming a space for accommodating the ball head inside the fixed base; A fixed cover, which is arranged below the fixed base and detachably connected thereto through fixing bolts, wherein the inner surface of the fixed cover is a curved surface and matches the curved surface below the center line of the ball head; A first connecting rod is fixed on the ball head and extends downward.

[0008] Furthermore, the measuring tape device comprises: A tape measure housing for accommodating and supporting a tape measure wheel; A measuring tape wheel, at the center of which a reel shaft is arranged, the reel shaft passes through the measuring tape housing and can rotate relative to the measuring tape housing under the action of an external force, the measuring tape is wound around the measuring tape wheel and can be wound or unwound; The limiting pulley is used to guide the limiting ruler belt to extend toward the guide opening of the measuring tape device.

[0009] Furthermore, the winding measurement device also includes: The transmission device comprises a worm and a worm wheel, wherein the worm and the worm wheel are meshed and transmitted, a central rotating shaft is arranged at the center of the worm wheel, and the central rotating shaft can drive the reel rotating shaft to rotate when the worm wheel rotates; A third driving motor is used to drive the worm to rotate; The third driving motor, the transmission device and the measuring tape device are arranged on opposite sides of the third mounting plate.

[0010] Furthermore, the weight device comprises: The weight ball is connected to the lower end of the ruler tape as a whole; A buffer shell is concentrically arranged on the outside of the weighted ball, and the buffer shell is made of a transparent resin material; A supporting rib is arranged between the outer wall of the weight ball and the inner wall of the buffer shell; An arc-shaped retainer is arranged on the inner side wall of the bottom of the buffer shell; a return spring connected between the weighted ball and the arc-shaped retainer and capable of being compressed and deformed when the buffer housing contacts the ground; The piezoelectric sensor luminous ball is arranged between the arc-shaped retainer and the counterweight ball, and emits light when the reset spring is compressed and deformed.

[0011] Furthermore, the ruler tape includes a steel base layer, a connecting layer and a reinforcing layer, a measurement mark is arranged on a side of the steel base layer away from the reinforcing layer, and the cross-section of the ruler tape is arranged in an I-shape.

[0012] Furthermore, the foundation pit depth monitoring device also includes: Install the base; A supporting device, supported and fixed above the mounting base; The sliding device includes a first drive motor, a first guide rail unit, a first sliding seat unit, a second drive motor, a second guide rail unit and a second sliding seat unit, wherein the opposite ends of the first guide rail unit are arranged on a supporting device, the first sliding seat unit is arranged on the first guide rail unit and can slide horizontally along the first guide rail unit under the action of the first drive motor; the second drive motor and the second guide rail unit are arranged on the first sliding seat unit, the second sliding seat unit is arranged on the second guide rail unit and can slide horizontally under the action of the second drive motor, the connecting device is arranged on the second sliding seat unit, and the length direction of the first guide rail unit is arranged perpendicular to the length direction of the second guide rail unit.

[0013] Furthermore, the first sliding seat unit includes a first mounting plate and a second mounting plate, the first mounting plate and the second mounting plate are arranged on the upper and lower sides of the first guide rail unit, and a first connecting plate is arranged on the first mounting plate, and the first connecting plate is screw-connected to the first transmission screw, and when the first drive motor drives the first transmission screw to rotate, it can drive the first connecting plate to slide continuously along the first guide rail unit.

[0014] Furthermore, the second drive motor is arranged on the second mounting plate, and the second drive motor drives the second sliding seat unit to slide along the second guide rail unit through the first transmission belt. The second sliding seat unit includes a connecting slide plate and a connecting base plate. The connecting slide plate and the connecting base plate are connected in a "ㄈ" shape and wrapped on the second guide rail unit. The connecting base plate is detachably fixedly connected to the connecting device.

[0015] The present application also discloses a foundation pit depth monitoring method, which is applied to the foundation pit depth monitoring device as described above, comprising: S1: Equipment installation and calibration; Move the installation base to the preset monitoring point at the edge of the foundation pit through the mobile assembly, lock the wheel brake of the mobile assembly, move the connecting device to the initial position at the center of the foundation pit through the first drive motor and the second drive motor of the sliding device, and make the winding measurement device naturally vertical downward through the free rotation of the ball head; S2: Detection of the winding of the measuring tape and the bottoming of the weight; The third drive motor is started, and the tape on the measuring tape wheel is wound up at a reduced speed through a transmission device including a worm and a worm gear. The weight device drives the tape to be lowered vertically under its own weight, and the limit pulley ensures that the tape has no deviation. When the weight device contacts the bottom of the foundation pit, the reset spring is compressed and deformed, triggering the piezoelectric sensor luminous ball to emit light, and the third drive motor stops immediately and self-locks the measuring tape wheel. S3: Reading and calculation of foundation pit depth; Read the measuring mark of the tape at the guide opening on the measuring tape device, record the tape extension length L, and calculate the foundation pit depth according to the foundation pit depth calculation formula: H = L - Δh + Δp; Among them, H is the depth of the foundation pit, Δh is the elevation correction value from the installation base to the edge of the foundation pit, and Δp is the difference between the radius of the buffer shell and the radius of the counterweight ball; S4: Multi-point monitoring and slip positioning; Start the third drive motor to reversely wind the tape and lift the weight device to a safe height. At this time, the piezoelectric sensor luminous ball goes out. The first sliding seat unit or the second sliding seat unit is adjusted by the first drive motor and / or the second drive motor to position the winding measurement device to the next monitoring point. Repeat steps S2 and S3 to complete multi-point depth measurement. S5: Rewinding and equipment transfer; After the foundation pit depth measurement is completed, the third drive motor is started to wind the measuring tape back. After the measuring tape is completely rewound, the worm gear is self-locked, the sliding device is reset to the initial position, the wheel brake of the moving component is released, and it is transferred to the next construction area.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the foundation pit depth monitoring device and the monitoring method thereof described in the present invention have the following advantages: (1) The foundation pit depth monitoring device described in the present invention, through the combination of a freely rotatable ball head connection device and a vertical winding measurement device, enables the device to automatically maintain a vertical state under different installation conditions. Combined with the luminous feedback mechanism when the weight hits the bottom, it can accurately determine the measurement end point in real time, effectively avoiding errors caused by environmental interference in traditional methods, and is particularly suitable for working conditions with water accumulation at the bottom or insufficient light.

[0017] (2) The foundation pit depth monitoring device described in the present invention realizes efficient coverage of multi-point monitoring through the coordinated design of the sliding device and the moving component. The overall structure is light and flexible, and is particularly suitable for use in vertical shaft foundation pits in narrow spaces or complex geology, providing reliable protection for construction safety. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a foundation pit depth monitoring device according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 is a schematic side view of the structure of the foundation pit depth monitoring device according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 is a left-side structural schematic diagram of a foundation pit depth monitoring device according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the side view structure of the foundation pit depth monitoring device according to an embodiment of the present invention from a second viewing angle; Figure 5 It is a partial enlarged structural schematic diagram of the connection between the winding measurement device, the connecting device and the second sliding seat unit in the foundation pit depth monitoring device according to the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of a partially enlarged structure of a first sliding seat unit in the foundation pit depth monitoring device according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a partial enlarged structural schematic diagram of the second driving motor in the foundation pit depth monitoring device according to the embodiment of the present invention being connected through the first driving belt; Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the assembly connection between the winding measuring device and the connecting device in the foundation pit depth monitoring device according to an embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 9 for Figure 8 A schematic diagram of a side view of the structure shown in; Fig.10 It is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of a connecting device in a foundation pit depth monitoring device according to an embodiment of the present invention; Fig.11 It is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of a transmission device in a foundation pit depth monitoring device according to an embodiment of the present invention; Fig.12 It is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of a tape measure device in a foundation pit depth monitoring device according to an embodiment of the present invention; Fig.13 It is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of a ruler tape in a foundation pit depth monitoring device according to an embodiment of the present invention; Fig.14 It is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of a weight hammer device in a foundation pit depth monitoring device according to an embodiment of the present invention; The symbols in the figure are: 100, moving assembly; 200, measuring assembly; 1, mounting base; 2, supporting device; 3, sliding device; 4, winding measuring device; 5, first driving motor; 6, first guide rail unit; 7, first sliding seat unit; 701, first mounting plate; 702, second mounting plate; 8, first connecting plate; 9, first transmission screw; 10, second driving motor; 11, first guide pulley; 12, second guide rail unit; 13, second sliding seat unit; 14, first transmission belt; 15, connecting slide plate; 16, second guide pulley; 17, connecting bottom plate; 18, connecting device; 1801, second connecting plate; 1802, fixed base; 1803, ball head; 1804, fixed cover; 1805, fixing bolt; 18 06. First connecting rod; 19. Support and limit rod; 20. Third mounting plate; 21. First connecting sleeve; 22. Transmission device; 2201. Worm; 2202. Worm wheel; 2203. Transmission wheel; 2204. Central rotating shaft; 23. Third driving motor; 24. Tape measure device; 2401. Tape measure housing; 2402. Tape measure wheel; 2403. Reel rotating shaft; 2404. Limit pulley; 2405. Guide opening; 25. Tape; 2501. Steel base layer; 2502. Connecting layer; 2503. Reinforcement layer; 26. Weight device; 2601. Counterweight ball; 2602. Buffer housing; 2603. Support rib; 2604. Arc retainer; 2605. Reset spring; 2606. Piezoelectric sensor luminous ball. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments in the present application belong to the scope of protection of this application.

[0020] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments, and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present application. For ease of description, the sizes of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn according to the actual proportional relationship. The technology, methods and equipment known to ordinary technicians in the relevant field may not be discussed in detail, but in appropriate cases, the technology, methods and equipment should be regarded as part of the authorization specification. In all examples shown and discussed here, any specific value should be interpreted as merely exemplary, rather than as a limitation. Therefore, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar numbers and letters represent similar items in the following drawings, so once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further discussed in subsequent drawings.

[0021] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present application are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchangeable under appropriate circumstances, so that the embodiments of the present application can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described here, and the objects distinguished by "first", "second", etc. are generally of one type, and the number of objects is not limited. For example, the first object can be one or more. In addition, "and / or" in the specification and claims represents at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally indicates that the objects associated with each other are in an "or" relationship.

[0022] It should be noted that, in the description of the present application, the orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "lateral, vertical, perpendicular, horizontal" and "top, bottom" are usually based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise stated, these orientation words do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present application; the orientation words "inside and outside" refer to the inside and outside relative to the contour of each component itself.

[0023] It should be noted that, in the present application, the terms "comprise", "include" or any other variant thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, an element defined by the sentence "comprises one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the element. In addition, it should be noted that the scope of the method and device in the embodiment of the present application is not limited to performing functions in the order shown or discussed, and may also include performing functions in a substantially simultaneous manner or in reverse order according to the functions involved, for example, the described method may be performed in an order different from that described, and various steps may also be added, omitted, or combined. In addition, the features described with reference to certain examples may be combined in other examples.

[0024] The present application discloses a foundation pit depth monitoring device, comprising: The connecting device 18 comprises a fixed base 1802 and a ball head 1803. The ball head 1803 extends into the fixed base 1802 and can rotate. A first connecting rod 1806 is arranged below the ball head 1803. The winding measuring device 4 includes a third mounting plate 20, the upper end of which is detachably connected to the first connecting rod 1806, and a tape measure device 24 is arranged on one side of the third mounting plate 20. A tape measure wheel 2402 for winding a measuring tape 25 is arranged inside the tape measure device 24, and a weight device 26 is arranged below the measuring tape 25. A piezoelectric sensing luminous ball 2606 is arranged inside the weight device 26. After the weight device 26 sinks to the bottom of the foundation pit, the piezoelectric sensing luminous ball 2606 can emit light under pressure.

[0025] The foundation pit depth monitoring device disclosed in this application is as follows: Figures 8-10As shown, a connecting device 18 including a fixed base 1802 and a freely rotatable ball head 1803 is provided, and a winding measuring device 4 is connected below the connecting device 18. On the one hand, the winding measuring device 4 drives the ball head 1803 to be arranged vertically relative to the fixed base 1802 under the action of its own weight, so that the entire measuring system maintains a vertical arrangement at different installation angles, thereby enhancing the adaptability and flexibility of the device. On the other hand, the winding measuring device 4 is provided with a third mounting plate 20, on which the third mounting plate 20 is mounted. A tape measure device 24 is provided, which includes a tape measure 25 and a tape measure wheel 2402. A weight device 26 is connected to the end of the tape measure 25. A piezoelectric sensor luminous ball 2606 is embedded in the weight device 26. During the measurement process, the tape measure 25 of the tape measure device 24 gradually expands as the weight device 26 sinks. When the weight device 26 touches the bottom of the foundation pit, the piezoelectric sensor luminous ball 2606 emits light due to pressure. This light signal serves as a trigger mechanism to prompt the measurement personnel or system to record the reading on the tape measure at this moment, and then calculate the depth of the foundation pit. The entire measurement process relies on the precise expansion of the tape measure 25 and the instant feedback of the piezoelectric sensor luminous ball 2606, ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the measurement.

[0026] The foundation pit depth monitoring device disclosed in the present application, through the design of the ball head and the fixed base, enables the device to maintain vertical measurement on various inclined or irregular installation surfaces, greatly enhancing the application ability of the equipment in different construction environments, and combining the telescopic winding measurement device and the compressed luminous feedback of the piezoelectric sensor luminous ball in the heavy hammer device, realizes real-time and continuous monitoring of the foundation pit depth, and also enhances the stability of the device in complex environments, especially when there is water accumulation at the bottom of the foundation pit, the accuracy of the measurement can still be maintained. The foundation pit depth monitoring device disclosed in the present application effectively solves the limitations of traditional measuring devices under harsh construction conditions, provides a more reliable technical means for the safety monitoring of foundation pit projects, and is particularly suitable for special application scenarios such as vertical shaft foundation pits or water accumulation at the bottom of foundation pits, ensuring the smooth progress of construction activities and the protection of the surrounding environment.

[0027] As a preferred example of the present application, the connecting device 18 includes: A second connecting plate 1801, used for detachable fixing of the connecting device 18; A fixed base 1802 is connected to the second connecting plate 1801 as a whole, and a space for accommodating the ball head 1803 is formed inside the fixed base 1802; A fixed cover 1804, which is disposed below the fixed base 1802 and detachably connected thereto via a fixing bolt 1805, wherein the inner surface of the fixed cover 1804 is a curved surface and matches the curved surface below the center line of the ball head 1803; The first connecting rod 1806 is fixed on the ball head 1803 and extends downward.

[0028] This arrangement discloses a specific structure of the connecting device 18, such as Fig.10 As shown, the second connecting plate 1801 of the connecting device 18 fixes the device in a detachable manner, so that the device can be easily installed or disassembled to meet the needs of different application scenarios; the fixed base 1802 and the second connecting plate 1801 are integrally formed, which not only improves the stability of the structure, but also forms a space for accommodating the ball head 1803 inside it, and lubricates the ball head 1803 and the fixed base 1802 through the lubricating oil provided at the connection, ensuring that the ball head rotates smoothly and stably, while reducing wear and friction, and improving the durability of the device; in the fixed A fixed cover 1804 is arranged below the base 1802, and the inner surface of the fixed cover 1804 is a curved surface, which matches the curved surface below the center line of the ball head 1803, ensuring the stability of the ball head 1803 during rotation; the fixed cover 1804 and the fixed base 1802 are detachably connected by fixing bolts 1805, which, on the one hand, ensures the reliability and stability of the connection of the ball head 1803, and on the other hand, facilitates the maintenance and replacement of internal components; finally, a first connecting rod 1806 is arranged below the ball head 1803, which is used to connect and fix the winding measurement device 4. In the example of the present application, a first connecting sleeve 21 is arranged on the third mounting plate 20, and the first connecting sleeve 21 is detachably connected to the first connecting rod 1806 by connecting bolts.

[0029] The connecting device 18 described in the present application can be flexibly installed and disassembled at different positions, ensuring its wide applicability in various complex application scenarios and meeting the requirements of different construction environments. At the same time, the free rotation design of the ball head 1803 and the curved surface design of the fixed cover 1804 and the ball head 1803 reduce friction and wear, extend its service life, and the installation and maintenance process is simple and quick.

[0030] As a preferred example of the present application, the measuring tape device 24 includes: The measuring tape housing 2401 is used to accommodate and support the measuring tape wheel 2402; The measuring tape wheel 2402 has a reel shaft 2403 at its center, the reel shaft 2403 passes through the measuring tape housing 2401 and can rotate relative to the measuring tape housing 2401 under the action of an external force, and a tape 25 that can be wound or unwound is wound around the measuring tape wheel 2402; The limiting pulley 2404 is used to guide the limiting tape 25 to extend toward the guide opening 2405 of the tape measure device 24 .

[0031] The tape measure device 24 disclosed in the present application, such as Fig.12As shown, the measuring tape housing 2401 as the support and protection structure of the whole device can accommodate and support the measuring tape wheel 2402. The center of the measuring tape wheel 2402 is provided with a reel shaft 2403, which passes through the measuring tape housing 2401 and can rotate relative to the housing, so as to realize the winding and rotation of the measuring tape wheel 2402 by external force or external components. When measurement is required, the measuring tape wheel 2402 is driven to rotate by releasing the restriction of the reel shaft 2403 or directly applying external force, and the measuring tape 25 is pulled out under the action of the weight device 26 and smoothly extended to the place where measurement is required. After the measurement is completed, the user can retract the measuring tape 25 by manually rotating the measuring tape wheel or the automatic device to ensure that the measuring tape can be quickly wound back to the measuring tape wheel. Preferably, the guide opening 2405 of the tape measure device 24 is arranged at the lower end of the tape measure housing near the middle position. The guide opening 2405 and the limiting pulley 2404 are designed to guide the output of the tape 25 and ensure its smooth and unobstructed extension, thereby avoiding jamming or deviation of the tape and ensuring the smooth progress of the measurement process.

[0032] As a preferred example of the present application, the winding measurement device 4 further includes: The transmission device 22 includes a worm 2201 and a worm wheel 2202, wherein the worm 2201 is meshed with the worm wheel 2202 for transmission, and a central rotating shaft 2204 is arranged at the center of the worm wheel 2202, and the central rotating shaft 2204 can drive the reel rotating shaft 2403 to rotate when the worm wheel 2202 rotates; The third driving motor 23 is used to drive the worm 2201 to rotate; The third driving motor 23 , the transmission device 22 and the measuring tape device 24 are arranged on opposite sides of the third mounting plate 20 .

[0033] The winding measuring device 4 disclosed in the present application also provides an automatic winding device for winding and unwinding the tape measure wheel 2402 on the side of the third mounting plate 20 away from the tape measure device 24, and the automatic winding device includes a third driving motor 23 and a transmission device 22, and the transmission device 22 is mainly composed of a worm 2201 and a worm wheel 2202, and the worm 2201 and the worm wheel 2202 are meshed and driven. When the third driving motor 23 is started, it can drive the worm 2201 to rotate, and as the worm 2201 rotates, the worm wheel 2202 rotates accordingly under the action of the meshing transmission. When the worm wheel 2202 rotates, it can directly or indirectly drive the central rotating shaft 2204 at the center thereof to rotate, and then drive the reel rotating shaft 2403 to rotate, so as to realize the automatic winding and unwinding or rewinding of the tape 25, so that the tape 25 can be quickly and reliably extended when the user needs to measure, and automatically rewind after the measurement is completed. Preferably, the inner ring of the worm wheel 2202 is connected to the central rotating shaft 2204 through the transmission wheel 2203, so as to realize the reduction transmission of the worm 2201. The winding measuring device 4 disclosed in the present application, by introducing the third driving motor 23 and the worm and worm gear transmission system, not only realizes the automatic winding control, but also ensures the smoothness and stability of the winding operation through the reduction transmission characteristics. At the same time, the transmission mode of the worm and the worm gear also has a self-locking function, which prevents the tape from being accidentally pulled out due to the weight when it is not needed, thereby affecting the accuracy of the measurement. The entire device is arranged on the side of the third mounting plate 20 away from the tape measuring device 24, which optimizes the spatial layout and has a compact structure, making the operation of the winding measuring device more convenient and accurate, and improving the reliability and service life of the device, while reducing the difficulty of equipment maintenance and improving the user's operating experience. Preferably, the third drive motor 23 adopts a built-in lithium battery and wireless control, does not require an external power connection, and remotely controls the start and stop of the motor, thereby greatly simplifying the structure, eliminating cumbersome cables and external power harnesses, and enhancing the portability and ease of operation of the equipment. At the same time, the casing, bracket and worm gear transmission system of the third drive motor 23 are made of lightweight and high-strength composite materials to reduce the overall weight of the winding automatic device. The third drive motor 23 and the transmission device 22 can adopt an integrated design or an independent split design.

[0034] As a preferred example of the present application, the weight device 26 includes: The weighted ball 2601 is connected to the lower end of the tape 25 as a whole; A buffer shell 2602 is concentrically arranged outside the weight ball 2601, and the buffer shell 2602 is made of a transparent resin material; The supporting rib 2603 is arranged between the outer wall of the weight ball 2601 and the inner wall of the buffer shell 2602; An arc-shaped retainer 2604 is provided on the inner side wall of the bottom of the buffer shell 2602; A return spring 2605 is connected between the weight ball 2601 and the arc retainer 2604 and can be compressed and deformed when the buffer housing 2602 contacts the ground; The piezoelectric sensing luminous ball 2606 is disposed between the arc-shaped retainer 2604 and the counterweight ball 2601, and emits light when it is compressed when the return spring 2605 is compressed and deformed.

[0035] In the example of this application, Fig.14As shown, the weight device 26 realizes the foundation pit depth measurement through the coordinated work of the weight ball 2601, the buffer shell 2602, the support rib 2603, the arc retainer 2604, the reset spring 2605 and the piezoelectric sensor luminous ball 2606. The weight ball 2601 is the core component of the weight, which is made of high-density, high-stability lead or stainless steel, so that the tape 25 and the winding measuring device 4 can be stably suspended in the vertical direction under the action of their own weight, and the buffer shell 2602 made of transparent resin material (such as polycarbonate, acrylic resin or polyimide) is arranged on the outside of the weight ball 2601. On the one hand, it is used to form a space for installing the piezoelectric sensor luminous ball 2606, and on the other hand, it is also convenient for the piezoelectric sensor luminous ball 2606 to emit light outward through the buffer shell 2602 when it is pressurized to emit light, so that it can be even When monitoring the depth of a foundation pit with accumulated water, timely and accurate feedback can be given. A plurality of radially arranged support ribs 2603 are provided on the outer wall of the counterweight ball 2601 and the inner wall of the buffer shell 2602. The support ribs 2603 are mainly provided on the left and right sides of the counterweight ball 2601 or near its upper end. No support ribs 2603 are provided near the lower end of the counterweight ball 2601. Instead, an arc retainer 2604 is provided near the lower end of the inner wall of the buffer shell 2602. The arc retainer 2604 is designed to be in close contact with the inner wall of the buffer shell 2602. A return spring 2605 is arranged directly below the counterweight ball 2601. The return spring 2605 is in a natural state or a stretched state when the weight device 26 does not touch the ground, so as to prevent the counterweight ball 2601 from squeezing and touching the piezoelectric sensor luminous ball 2606 and causing false luminescence. Two piezoelectric sensor luminous balls 2606 are arranged on opposite sides of the return spring 2605. The two piezoelectric sensor luminous balls 2606 are symmetrically arranged between the arc holder 2604 and the counterweight ball 2601. When the weight device 26 falls to the bottom of the foundation pit, the ruler tape 25 continues to be wound downward. The weighted ball 2601 and the buffer shell 2602 squeeze the reset spring 2605 and the piezoelectric sensor luminous ball 2606. At this time, the piezoelectric sensor luminous ball 2606 is compressed to emit light. When the surveyor receives the light signal, he can judge that the weight device 26 has fallen to the bottom of the foundation pit. At this time, the value of the tape 25 can be read to obtain the foundation pit depth measurement data; and when the measurement is completed, the buffer shell 2602 is reset under the action of the reset spring 2605 and the arc retainer 2604, and the piezoelectric sensor luminous ball 2606 no longer emits light, thereby extending the service life of the piezoelectric sensor luminous ball 2606. In the example of the present application, the piezoelectric sensor luminous ball 2606 can be made of high-efficiency piezoelectric ceramics such as lead titanate (PZT), combined with a light-emitting diode (LED) to achieve piezoelectric luminescence, or it can be assembled using an existing commercially available piezoelectric sensor luminous device.In the example of the present application, the tape ruler 25 extends into the interior of the buffer housing 2602 and is connected to the weighted ball 2601 , and the zero point position of the tape ruler 25 is the center of the weighted ball 2601 .

[0036] The weight device 26 described in the present application, through the innovative combination of the piezoelectric sensing luminous ball 2606 and the buffer shell 2602, not only ensures the pressure resistance and stability of the device, but also can realize real-time feedback through the luminous signal, so that the surveying personnel can quickly determine whether the weight device 26 has reached the bottom of the foundation pit, thereby quickly obtaining accurate depth data, greatly improving the accuracy of the foundation pit depth measurement and the convenience of operation.

[0037] As a preferred example of this application, Fig.13 As shown, the tape ruler 25 includes a steel base layer 2501, a connecting layer 2502 and a reinforcing layer 2503. A measurement mark is provided on a side of the steel base layer 2501 away from the reinforcing layer 2503. The cross section of the tape ruler 25 is in an I-shaped configuration. In the example of the present application, the steel base layer 2501, as the core supporting part of the tape, is made of a 0.2 mm thick high-carbon steel strip, which ensures that the tape has sufficient rigidity and durability, while providing good tensile and deformation resistance; the reinforcement layer 2503 is a bidirectional carbon fiber prepreg tape with a ±45° staggered ply, and the carbon fiber prepreg tape is cut into narrow strips with a width of 5 to 7 mm, and is spirally wound at ±45° along the length direction of the tape, and its laying length direction is arranged along the length direction of the tape 25, so that the tape 25 can improve its tensile strength and stability under the tensile action of the weight device 26, and reduce the shear stress between the fiber layers of the tape 25 when the tape 25 is bent; the connecting layer 2502 between the steel base layer 2501 and the reinforcement layer 2503 is made of polyurethane elastic glue, and its thickness is less than 0.05 mm, which ensures good adhesion between the two layers of materials, while maintaining the flexibility and elasticity of the tape 25.

[0038] The present application further optimizes the structure of the tape 25, designs it as a composite structure including a steel base layer 2501, a connection layer 2502 and a reinforcement layer 2503, and designs its cross section into an I-shaped structure, which can effectively enhance the anti-bending ability of the tape 25, while ensuring the accuracy of the tape during measurement, especially during the use of a long tape, which can greatly reduce the sagging or distortion of the tape, ensure the accuracy of the measurement mark, and provide higher accuracy in the measurement of the foundation pit depth, reduce maintenance costs and extend the product life cycle. In the example of the present application, the total unrolled length of the tape 25 is 50m~100m.

[0039] As a preferred example of the present application, the foundation pit depth monitoring device further includes: Install the base 1; A supporting device 2, supported and fixed above the mounting base 1; The sliding device 3 includes a first drive motor 5, a first guide rail unit 6, a first sliding seat unit 7, a second drive motor 10, a second guide rail unit 12 and a second sliding seat unit 13, wherein the opposite ends of the first guide rail unit 6 are arranged on the supporting device 2, the first sliding seat unit 7 is arranged on the first guide rail unit 6 and can slide horizontally along the first guide rail unit 6 under the action of the first drive motor 5; the second drive motor 10 and the second guide rail unit 12 are arranged on the first sliding seat unit 7, the second sliding seat unit 13 is arranged on the second guide rail unit 12 and can slide horizontally under the action of the second drive motor 10, the connecting device 18 is arranged on the second sliding seat unit 13, and the length direction of the first guide rail unit 6 is arranged perpendicular to the length direction of the second guide rail unit 12.

[0040] like Figures 1 to 7 As shown, the foundation pit depth monitoring device disclosed in the present application further adopts a dual-axis sliding system, which greatly improves the flexibility and positioning accuracy of the device, and is particularly suitable for multi-point monitoring application scenarios, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 The pit depth monitoring device shown is based on the mounting base 1 to provide stable support for the entire system. The support device 2 is vertically mounted on the mounting base 1 to provide a solid support platform for the operation of the subsequent sliding device 3. The sliding device 3 includes two sets of mutually perpendicular guide rails and sliding seat systems. The first guide rail unit 6 is horizontally arranged, and the first sliding seat unit 7 is mounted on the guide rail and can slide along the horizontal direction of the guide rail under the drive of the first drive motor 5; the second drive motor 10 and the second guide rail unit 12 are mounted on the first sliding seat unit 7, and the second sliding seat unit 13 is arranged on the second guide rail unit 12 and can slide in a direction perpendicular to the first guide rail. Through this orthogonal guide rail system, the connecting device 18 connected The winding measuring device 4 can perform precise position adjustment on a two-dimensional plane, which significantly improves the flexibility and positioning accuracy of the monitoring device. When it is necessary to perform depth measurement of multiple monitoring points in the foundation pit, there is no need to rewind the tape 25 completely. Only the weight device 26 needs to be lifted up a certain distance, and the piezoelectric sensor luminous ball 2606 in the weight device 26 loses power and dims. The working state of the first drive motor 5 or the second drive motor 10 is adjusted, so that the winding measuring device 4 can quickly and accurately locate any monitoring point covered by the guide rail in the foundation pit, and then the tape 25 is rewound and opened so that the weight device 26 falls and emits light to record the foundation pit depth of the monitoring point. The entire process does not require the tape 25 to be completely rewound, and fast and accurate monitoring can be achieved through a small amount of adjustment.

[0041] As a preferred example of this application, Figure 6 As shown, the first sliding seat unit 7 includes a first mounting plate 701 and a second mounting plate 702, the first mounting plate 701 and the second mounting plate 702 are arranged on the upper and lower sides of the first guide rail unit 6, a first connecting plate 8 is arranged on the first mounting plate 701, the first connecting plate 8 is connected with the first transmission screw 9 by screw transmission, and the first driving motor 5 can drive the first connecting plate 8 to slide continuously along the first guide rail unit 6 when driving the first transmission screw 9 to rotate. As a preferred example of the present application, three first connecting plates 8 are arranged, a screw nut connected with the first transmission screw 9 by screw is arranged on at least one first connecting plate 8, and two support limit rods 19 are arranged on the first connecting plate 8, and the two ends of the support limit rod 19 are respectively connected with the connecting ear plates on the two supporting devices 2.

[0042] The arrangement is designed by designing the first sliding seat unit 7 to be composed of a first mounting plate 701 and a second mounting plate 702, which are respectively arranged on the upper and lower sides of the first guide rail unit 6, thereby forming a stable support structure, and combining the first connecting plate 8 arranged on the first mounting plate 701, which is connected to the first transmission screw 9 through a screw drive method, so that the first connecting plate 8 can slide continuously along the first guide rail unit 6. In order to ensure the stability and accuracy of the movement, three first connecting plates 8 are arranged, and each connecting plate is equipped with two support limit rods 19, which effectively prevents lateral deviation caused by external forces during the sliding process, ensures the accuracy and stability of the sliding process, thereby improving the rigidity of the entire system, so that each sliding and positioning can maintain a high accuracy.

[0043] As a preferred example of the present application, a first guide pulley 11 is provided on the first sliding seat unit 7, and the first guide pulley 11 cooperates with the guide groove of the first guide rail unit 6 for sliding guidance. Preferably, a plurality of first guide pulleys 11 are provided, distributed on opposite sides of the length direction of the first guide rail unit 6. The present application provides a plurality of first guide pulleys 11 on the first sliding seat unit 7. When the first sliding seat unit 7 slides along the first guide rail unit 6, the first guide pulley 11 rolls freely in the guide groove, thereby reducing the sliding friction and ensuring that the sliding seat unit can move easily and smoothly along the guide rail unit, thereby improving the operation efficiency of the overall system; at the same time, a plurality of guide pulleys are evenly distributed on opposite sides of the first guide rail unit 6, effectively enhancing the stability of the sliding seat unit under high-speed motion or heavy load, and avoiding track deviation or precision loss caused by uneven force. This setting not only improves the stability and reliability of the system, but also greatly reduces the wear caused by long-term operation, thereby extending the service life of the equipment.

[0044] As a preferred example of the present application, the second drive motor 10 is arranged on the second mounting plate 702, and the second drive motor 10 drives the second sliding seat unit 13 to slide along the second guide rail unit 12 through the first transmission belt 14, and the second sliding seat unit 13 includes a connecting slide plate 15 and a connecting bottom plate 17, and the connecting slide plate 15 and the connecting bottom plate 17 are connected in a "ㄈ" shape and wrapped on the second guide rail unit 12, and the connecting bottom plate 17 is detachably fixedly connected to the connecting device 18. In the example of the present application, Figure 7 As shown, the second drive motor 10 is mounted on the second mounting plate 702, and transmits the rotational power to the second sliding seat unit 13 through the first transmission belt 14. The second sliding seat unit 13 is composed of a connecting slide plate 15 and a connecting bottom plate 17, which form a "ㄈ"-shaped structure tightly wrapped on the second guide rail unit 12. The "ㄈ"-shaped web is connected to the first transmission belt 14 as a whole. After the second drive motor 10 is started, its rotational motion is converted into linear motion through belt transmission, driving the second sliding seat unit 13 to slide smoothly along the second guide rail unit 12, effectively improving the overall operating efficiency of the system. This setting not only ensures close contact between the sliding seat unit and the guide rail unit, preventing shaking or offset during the sliding process, but also improves the stability and accuracy of the sliding.

[0045] As a preferred example of this application, Figure 5 As shown, a second guide pulley 16 is provided on the second sliding seat unit 13, and the second guide pulley 16 cooperates with the guide groove of the second guide rail unit 12 for sliding guidance. Preferably, a plurality of second guide pulleys 16 are provided, distributed on opposite sides of the length direction of the second guide rail unit 12. This arrangement further enhances the stability and smoothness of the second sliding seat unit 13 sliding along the second guide rail unit 12.

[0046] As a preferred example of the present application, the foundation pit depth monitoring device further includes a moving component 100, and the mounting base 1 is placed on the moving component 100 and can be moved or locked therewith. In the example of the present application, the mounting base 1, the supporting device 2, the sliding device 3 and the winding measuring device 4 are integrally assembled into a measuring component 200, and the measuring component 200 is mounted on the moving component 100 and can move therewith, so that the foundation pit depth monitoring device described in the present application can quickly transfer to the corresponding position to monitor the foundation pit depth when performing depth measurement at different monitoring points.

[0047] The present application also discloses a foundation pit depth monitoring method, comprising: S1: Equipment installation and calibration; Move the mounting base 1 to a preset monitoring point at the edge of the foundation pit through the moving assembly 100, lock the wheel brake of the moving assembly, move the connecting device 18 to the initial position at the center of the foundation pit through the first driving motor 5 and the second driving motor 10 of the sliding device 3, and freely rotate the ball head 1803 to make the winding measuring device 4 naturally vertical downward; S2: Detection of the winding of the measuring tape and the bottoming of the weight; The third drive motor 23 is started, and the transmission device 22 including the worm 2201 and the worm wheel 2202 is used to reduce the speed of winding and open the tape 25 on the measuring tape wheel 2402. The weight device 26 drives the tape 25 to be lowered vertically under the action of its own weight, and the limiting pulley 2404 ensures that the tape is not deflected. When the weight device 26 contacts the bottom of the foundation pit, the reset spring 2605 is compressed and deformed, triggering the piezoelectric sensor luminous ball 2606 to emit light, and the third drive motor 23 stops immediately and self-locks the measuring tape wheel 2402. S3: Reading of foundation pit depth; Read the measurement mark of the tape 25 at the guide opening 2405 on the tape measure device 24, record the extended length L of the tape 25, and calculate the foundation pit depth according to the foundation pit depth calculation formula: H = L - Δh + Δp; Wherein, H is the depth of the foundation pit, Δh is the elevation correction value from the installation base to the edge of the foundation pit, and Δp is the difference between the radius of the buffer shell 2602 and the radius of the counterweight ball 2601; S4: Multi-point monitoring and slip positioning; Start the third drive motor 23 to reversely wind the tape 25, and lift the weight device 26 to a safe height. The safe height can be set according to the preset working time of the third drive motor 23 or the position of the weight device 26 after the weight device 26 rises to a preset height. At this time, the piezoelectric sensor luminous ball 2606 is extinguished, and the first sliding seat unit 7 or the second sliding seat unit 13 is adjusted by the first drive motor 5 and / or the second drive motor 10 to position the winding measurement device 4 to the next monitoring point, and repeat steps S2 and S3 to complete multi-point depth measurement; S5: Rewinding and equipment transfer; After the foundation pit depth measurement is completed, the third drive motor 23 is started to wind the tape 25 back. After the tape 25 is completely rewound, the worm gear is self-locked, the sliding device 3 is reset to the initial position, the wheel brake of the moving component 100 is released, and it is transferred to the next construction area.

[0048] This application ensures that the winding measuring device automatically maintains a vertical state on different inclined or irregular installation surfaces through an innovative ball head connection device and a freely rotatable fixed base design. The heavy hammer device with a piezoelectric sensor luminous ball provides real-time luminous feedback when touching the bottom and links the drive motor to self-lock, which significantly improves the immediacy and accuracy of the measurement. At the same time, the I-shaped composite structure scale tape and carbon fiber reinforcement layer design effectively suppress the bending and deformation of the scale tape during long-distance measurement. The coordinated action of the dual-axis sliding system and the mobile component realizes rapid multi-point positioning and full-area coverage monitoring, greatly improving work efficiency and reducing manual intervention. In addition, the self-locking characteristics of the worm gear transmission mechanism and the optimized design of the composite scale tape structure enhance the stability and durability of the equipment in complex environments (such as accumulated water), and is particularly suitable for reliable monitoring of the depth of vertical shaft foundation pits, which not only reduces the difficulty of operation and maintenance costs, but also provides real-time early warning and reliable protection for construction safety.

[0049] The embodiments of the present application are described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the absence of conflict, the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. The present application is not limited to the above-mentioned specific implementation methods. The above-mentioned specific implementation methods are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Under the guidance of the present application, ordinary technicians in this field can also make many forms without departing from the purpose of the present application and the scope of protection of the claims, all of which are within the protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A foundation pit depth monitoring device, characterized in that: include: A connecting device (18), comprising a fixed base (1802) and a ball head (1803), wherein the ball head (1803) extends into the fixed base (1802) and is capable of rotational movement, and a first connecting rod (1806) is arranged below the ball head (1803); The winding measurement device (4) comprises a third mounting plate (20), the upper end of the third mounting plate (20) being detachably connected to the first connecting rod (1806), a measuring tape device (24) being arranged on one side of the third mounting plate (20), a measuring tape wheel (2402) for winding a measuring tape (25) being arranged inside the measuring tape device (24), a weight device (26) being arranged below the measuring tape (25), a piezoelectric sensing luminous ball (2606) being arranged inside the weight device (26), and the piezoelectric sensing luminous ball (2606) being able to emit light under pressure after the weight device (26) sinks to the bottom of a foundation pit.

2. A foundation pit depth monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting device (18) comprises: A second connecting plate (1801) used for detachably fixing the connecting device (18); A fixed base (1802) connected to the second connecting plate (1801) as a whole, and forming a space inside the fixed base for accommodating the ball head (1803); A fixed cover (1804), which is arranged below the fixed base (1802) and is detachably connected thereto via a fixing bolt (1805); the inner surface of the fixed cover (1804) is a curved surface and matches the curved surface below the center line of the ball head (1803); The first connecting rod (1806) is fixed on the ball head (1803) and extends downward.

3. A foundation pit depth monitoring device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The measuring tape device (24) comprises: A tape measure housing (2401) for accommodating and supporting a tape measure wheel (2402); A measuring tape wheel (2402) having a reel shaft (2403) disposed at the center thereof, the reel shaft (2403) passing through the measuring tape housing (2401) and being capable of rotating relative to the measuring tape housing (2401) under the action of an external force, the measuring tape (25) being wound around the measuring tape wheel (2402) and being capable of being wound or unwound; The limiting pulley (2404) is used to guide the limiting tape (25) to extend toward the guide opening (2405) of the tape measure device (24).

4. A foundation pit depth monitoring device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The winding measurement device (4) further comprises: A transmission device (22), comprising a worm (2201) and a worm wheel (2202), wherein the worm (2201) and the worm wheel (2202) are meshed and transmitted, and a central rotating shaft (2204) is arranged at the center of the worm wheel (2202), and the central rotating shaft (2204) can drive the reel rotating shaft (2403) to rotate when the worm wheel (2202) rotates; A third driving motor (23), used for driving the worm (2201) to rotate; The third drive motor (23), the transmission device (22) and the measuring tape device (24) are arranged on opposite sides of the third mounting plate (20).

5. The foundation pit depth monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The weight device (26) comprises: A counterweight ball (2601) is integrally connected to the lower end of the ruler tape (25); A buffer shell (2602) is concentrically arranged on the outside of the weighted ball (2601), and the buffer shell (2602) is made of a transparent resin material; A supporting rib (2603) is arranged between the outer wall of the weighted ball (2601) and the inner wall of the buffer shell (2602); An arc-shaped retainer (2604) is arranged on the inner side wall of the bottom of the buffer shell (2602); A return spring (2605) is connected between the counterweight ball (2601) and the arc retainer (2604) and is capable of being compressed and deformed when the buffer housing (2602) contacts the ground; The piezoelectric sensing luminous ball (2606) is arranged between the arc-shaped retainer (2604) and the counterweight ball (2601), and emits light when the return spring (2605) is compressed and deformed.

6. A foundation pit depth monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tape ruler (25) comprises a steel base layer (2501), a connection layer (2502) and a reinforcement layer (2503); a measurement mark is provided on a side of the steel base layer (2501) away from the reinforcement layer (2503); and the cross section of the tape ruler (25) is arranged in an I-shape.

7. A foundation pit depth monitoring device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The foundation pit depth monitoring device also includes: Install the base (1); A supporting device (2) supported and fixed above the mounting base (1); The sliding device (3) comprises a first drive motor (5), a first guide rail unit (6), a first sliding seat unit (7), a second drive motor (10), a second guide rail unit (12) and a second sliding seat unit (13), wherein opposite ends of the first guide rail unit (6) are arranged on the support device (2), the first sliding seat unit (7) is arranged on the first guide rail unit (6) and can slide horizontally along the first guide rail unit (6) under the action of the first drive motor (5); the second drive motor (10) and the second guide rail unit (12) are arranged on the first sliding seat unit (7), the second sliding seat unit (13) is arranged on the second guide rail unit (12) and can slide horizontally under the action of the second drive motor (10), the connecting device (18) is arranged on the second sliding seat unit (13), and the length direction of the first guide rail unit (6) is arranged perpendicular to the length direction of the second guide rail unit (12).

8. A foundation pit depth monitoring device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The first sliding seat unit (7) comprises a first mounting plate (701) and a second mounting plate (702), the first mounting plate (701) and the second mounting plate (702) being arranged on the upper and lower sides of the first guide rail unit (6), a first connecting plate (8) being arranged on the first mounting plate (701), the first connecting plate (8) being screw-connected to the first transmission screw (9) by screw driving, and the first driving motor (5) being able to drive the first connecting plate (8) to continuously slide along the first guide rail unit (6) when driving the first transmission screw (9) to rotate.

9. A foundation pit depth monitoring device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The second drive motor (10) is arranged on the second mounting plate (702), and the second drive motor (10) drives the second sliding seat unit (13) to slide along the second guide rail unit (12) via a first transmission belt (14); the second sliding seat unit (13) comprises a connecting slide plate (15) and a connecting base plate (17); the connecting slide plate (15) and the connecting base plate (17) are connected in a "ㄈ" shape and wrapped around the second guide rail unit (12); the connecting base plate (17) is detachably fixedly connected to the connecting device (18).

10. A method for monitoring the depth of a foundation pit, characterized in that: The foundation pit depth monitoring device used in any one of claims 1 to 9 comprises: S1: Equipment installation and calibration; The mounting base (1) is moved to a preset monitoring point at the edge of the foundation pit via the moving assembly (100), the wheel brake of the moving assembly is locked, the connecting device (18) is moved to an initial position at the center of the foundation pit via the first drive motor (5) and the second drive motor (10) of the sliding device (3), and the winding measuring device (4) is naturally vertically downwards by freely rotating the ball head (1803); S2: Detection of the winding of the measuring tape and the bottoming of the weight; The third drive motor (23) is started, and the tape (25) on the measuring tape wheel (2402) is wound up at a reduced speed through the transmission device (22) including the worm (2201) and the worm wheel (2202). The weight device (26) drives the tape (25) to be lowered vertically under the action of its own weight. The limit pulley (2404) ensures that the tape is not deflected. When the weight device (26) contacts the bottom of the foundation pit, the return spring (2605) is deformed under pressure and triggers the piezoelectric sensor luminous ball (2606) to emit light. The third drive motor (23) is immediately stopped and the measuring tape wheel (2402) is self-locked. S3: Reading and calculation of foundation pit depth; Read the measurement mark of the tape (25) at the guide opening (2405) on the measuring tape device (24), record the extended length L of the tape (25), and calculate the foundation pit depth according to the foundation pit depth calculation formula: H = L - Δh + Δp; Wherein, H is the depth of the foundation pit, Δh is the elevation correction value from the installation base to the edge of the foundation pit, and Δp is the difference between the radius of the buffer shell (2602) and the radius of the counterweight ball (2601); S4: Multi-point monitoring and slip positioning; The third drive motor (23) is started to reversely wind the tape (25), and the weight device (26) is raised to a safe height. At this time, the piezoelectric sensor luminous ball (2606) is extinguished, and the first sliding seat unit (7) or the second sliding seat unit (13) is adjusted by the first drive motor (5) and / or the second drive motor (10) to position the winding measurement device (4) to the next monitoring point, and steps S2 and S3 are repeated to complete multi-point depth measurement; S5: Rewinding and equipment transfer; After the foundation pit depth measurement is completed, the third drive motor (23) is started to wind up the tape (25), and after the tape (25) is completely wound back, the worm gear is self-locked, the sliding device (3) is reset to the initial position, the wheel brake of the moving assembly (100) is released, and the moving assembly (100) is transferred to the next construction area.

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