A safety monitoring device for a photovoltaic power generation energy storage device

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of new energy energy storage safety monitoring, and particularly relates to a safety monitoring device for a photovoltaic power generation energy storage device, comprising: a monitoring box, on the upper end face of which two alarm lights are symmetrically installed, the alarm lights being electrically connected to a controller, on one side of the monitoring box there is a communicating external pipe, and the external pipe is connected to an air extraction device; a negative air pressure assembly, the negative air pressure assembly comprising lifting frames symmetrically arranged inside the monitoring box, the lifting frames being driven to lift inside the monitoring box. Through the collaborative design of the negative air pressure assembly and the flow of the transparent tube pigment, the present invention realizes double visual monitoring of the sealing performance of the energy storage device. When the battery pack leaks, the formation of negative pressure in the monitoring space will drive the lifting frames to rebound, causing the pigment in the airbag to flow back into the transparent tube, and the operator can directly judge the fault quickly through the change of the pigment liquid level.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of new energy energy storage safety monitoring, and particularly relates to a safety monitoring device for a photovoltaic power generation energy storage device. Background Art

[0002] A photovoltaic power generation energy storage device is a device that stores and manages the electric energy generated by a photovoltaic power generation system, and is usually composed of a battery pack (such as a lithium-ion battery, a lead-acid battery, etc.), a battery management system, an energy conversion system, and supporting control and protection devices.

[0003] Sealing performance monitoring is the core link of battery pack safety monitoring, mainly targeting key parts such as the battery pack housing, sealing ring, weld seam, etc. and the internal gas environment. Through means such as airtightness testing, gas component analysis, pressure and humidity monitoring, the sealing performance is evaluated in real time, aiming to prevent the risk of electrolyte decomposition, metal corrosion or thermal runaway caused by the intrusion of external gases such as oxygen and water vapor, and at the same time avoid the leakage of internal harmful substances causing safety and environmental problems;

[0004] With the rapid development of photovoltaic energy storage technology, battery pack sealing performance monitoring has become the core link to ensure the safe operation of the energy storage system. Traditional detection methods mostly use water immersion airtightness detection. For example, a dry and wet airtightness detection instrument for a new energy battery box disclosed in CN113432814B verifies the airtightness by injecting gas into the battery pack and then observing bubbles after immersion in water. However, the immersion operation may cause water to penetrate into the battery pack. Although the battery pack leaks air, the internal battery can still be used. After the water enters, it may affect the normal operation of the battery, resulting in a decrease in the charging and discharging efficiency of the battery. Moreover, after the monitoring is completed, if the water attached to the outer wall of the battery pack is not completely dried, it is easy to cause metal component corrosion, circuit short circuit or insulation performance degradation, instead forming a safety hazard. In addition, relying on the naked eye to observe bubbles to judge leakage is difficult to accurately identify tiny leakage points (such as cracks <0.1mm) or slow leakage (such as microporous air leakage), and the missed detection rate is high. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, the present invention provides a safety monitoring device for a photovoltaic power generation energy storage device, which can effectively solve the problem that the immersion operation in the prior art will cause water to enter the battery pack and cause corrosion.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention is realized through the following technical solutions:

[0007] The present invention provides a safety monitoring device for a photovoltaic power generation energy storage device, comprising:

[0008] Monitoring box, two alarm lights are symmetrically installed on the upper end face of the monitoring box, the alarm lights are electrically connected to a controller, one side of the monitoring box is communicated with an external connecting pipe, and the external connecting pipe is connected with an air extraction device;

[0009] Negative air pressure component, the negative air pressure component includes lifting frames symmetrically arranged inside the monitoring box, the lifting frames are driven to lift inside the monitoring box, an airbag is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the lifting frame, the airbag has an upper air chamber and a lower air chamber, a gas sensor is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the upper air chamber, the gas sensor is electrically connected to the controller, and two transparent tubes are arranged on one side of the monitoring box and below the external connecting pipe, and the transparent tubes are filled with pigments;

[0010] Monitoring component, the monitoring component includes a partition block fixed on the inner wall of the monitoring box, the partition block divides the inside of the monitoring box into two monitoring spaces, an inner cavity is opened inside the partition block, through holes are opened on both inner walls of the inner cavity, and a blocking block driven to lift is arranged on the inner wall of the inner cavity at the corresponding through hole positions.

[0011] Preferably, sliding grooves are symmetrically opened on the upper end face of the monitoring box, the lifting frames are hermetically slidably connected with the sliding grooves, an external fixing frame is fixedly installed on the upper end face of the monitoring box at the corresponding sliding groove positions, an internal fixing frame is fixedly installed at the inner top end of the monitoring box at the corresponding sliding groove positions, the lifting frames are slidably connected with the external fixing frame and the internal fixing frame, a compression tank is embedded at the inner bottom end of the internal fixing frame, a first spring is fixedly installed between the compression tank and the lifting frames, the lower end face of the airbag is communicated with a conveying pipe, and the lower end of the conveying pipe penetrates through the lifting frames, the compression tank, the monitoring box and is communicated with the transparent tubes.

[0012] Preferably, fixing frames are symmetrically installed on the outer wall of the monitoring box, the fixing frames are fixedly connected with the outer walls of the transparent tubes, two pairs of rotating seats are symmetrically and fixedly installed on both sides of the external fixing frame on the upper end face of the monitoring box, a rotating shaft is rotatably installed between each pair of rotating seats, a sealing plate is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the rotating shaft, iron sheets are fixedly installed on both sides of the sealing plate, magnetic strips are embedded on the upper end face of the monitoring box at the corresponding iron sheet positions, an installation ring is fixedly installed on the opposite side of the rotating seat, a coil spring is arranged inside the installation ring, and the inner and outer ends of the coil spring are respectively fixedly connected with the installation ring and the rotating shaft.

[0013] Preferably, a spring holding switch is fixedly installed at the inner bottom end of the internal fixing frame, the spring holding switch is electrically connected to the controller, a sliding baffle is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the inner cavity at the corresponding through hole positions, an air inlet hole is opened at the lower position of the outer wall of the sliding baffle, the blocking block is hermetically slidably connected with the sliding baffle, and a second spring is fixedly installed between the blocking block and the sliding baffle.

[0014] Preferably, a lifting box is fixedly installed at the inner top end of the monitoring box. A lifting plate is hermetically and slidably installed on the inner wall of the lifting box. A sealing baffle is fixedly installed on the upper end surface of the lifting plate, and the sealing baffle is hermetically and slidably connected with the lifting box. Two cavities are symmetrically formed above the inner cavity inside the partition block. A corrugated expansion tube is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the cavity. The corrugated expansion tube is filled with gas. The upper position of the outer wall of the corrugated expansion tube is fixedly connected with the lifting plate. A communicating pipe is connected to the upper end surface of the corrugated expansion tube. The upper end of the communicating pipe penetrates through the partition block and the monitoring box and is provided with a valve. The corrugated expansion tube is communicated with the sliding baffle through a ventilation pipe.

[0015] Preferably, an air inlet is formed in the monitoring box and the lifting box. A third spring is fixedly installed between the lifting plate and the lifting box. A connecting pipe is communicated with the outer wall of the ventilation pipe. The upper end of the connecting pipe penetrates through the partition block, the lifting frame and the airbag and is communicated with the upper air cavity.

[0016] Preferably, a support rod is fixedly installed at the inner top end of the lifting box. An electromagnet is fixedly installed at the lower end of the support rod. The electromagnet is electrically connected with the controller, and the electromagnet is magnetically matched with the lifting plate.

[0017] Preferably, it further includes a fixing component. The fixing component includes a base fixed on the lower end surface of the monitoring box. A partition plate is fixedly installed between the base and the monitoring box. Slide rails are symmetrically installed on the upper end surface of the base. A carrying frame is slidably installed on the upper end surface of the slide rails. A fixing pipe is communicated at the position of the lower end surface of the monitoring box corresponding to the carrying frame. A lifting pipe is limited and slidably installed on the outer wall of the fixing pipe. A conical sleeve is threadedly installed on the outer wall of the lifting pipe.

[0018] The technical solution provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects compared with the known prior art:

[0019] First, through the collaborative design of the negative pressure component and the flow of the transparent tube pigment, the double visual monitoring of the sealing performance of the energy storage device is realized. When the battery pack leaks, the formation of negative pressure in the monitoring space will drive the lifting frame to rebound, so that the pigment in the airbag flows back to the transparent tube. The operator can directly judge the fault quickly through the change of the pigment liquid level. At the same time, the corrugated expansion tube set can convert the formation of negative pressure into the flow of chemical gas, trigger a secondary alarm through the gas sensor, and form a double guarantee mechanism of mechanical indication and electronic monitoring, greatly improving the reliability of the detection result and the timeliness of abnormal response.

[0020] Second, the monitoring box is divided into two monitoring spaces by partition blocks, enabling the synchronous monitoring of the sealing states of two groups of battery packs. The threaded fit design of the conical sleeve and the lifting pipe in the fixing component can not only adapt to the sizes of battery liquid injection ports of different specifications, but also effectively prevent external gas interference through conical surface sealing. Combined with the sealing plate driven by a coil spring and the magnetic attraction structure, multiple airtight protections are formed during the air extraction stage, ensuring the air pressure stability of the detection environment, enabling even minute leaks to be accurately captured, and significantly improving the safety monitoring accuracy of the photovoltaic energy storage system. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and those of ordinary skill in the art can also obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0022] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 is a sectional structural schematic diagram of the monitoring box of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 is a sectional structural schematic diagram of the negative air pressure component of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 is Figure 3 an enlarged structural schematic diagram at position A in

[0026] Figure 5 is a structural schematic diagram of the monitoring component of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 is a structural schematic diagram of the fixing component of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 7 is a sectional structural schematic diagram of the fixing pipe of the present invention.

[0029] Reference numerals: 1, monitoring box; 101, external connecting pipe; 102, alarm lamp; 2, negative air pressure assembly; 201, external fixing frame; 202, internal fixing frame; 203, lifting frame; 204, airbag; 205, compression tank; 206, first spring; 207, conveying pipe; 208, fixing frame; 209, transparent pipe; 210, rotating seat; 211, rotating shaft; 212, sealing plate; 213, mounting ring; 214, magnetic strip; 215, iron sheet; 3, monitoring assembly; 301, spring holding switch; 302, partition block; 303, inner cavity; 304, sliding baffle; 305, blocking block; 306, second spring; 307, lifting box; 308, lifting plate; 309, third spring; 310, support rod; 311, electromagnet; 312, cavity; 313, corrugated expansion pipe; 314, connecting pipe; 315, valve; 316, ventilation pipe; 317, connecting tube; 318, air inlet; 319, sealing baffle; 4, fixing assembly; 401, base; 402, partition plate; 403, slide rail; 404, bearing frame; 405, fixing pipe; 406, lifting pipe; 407, conical sleeve. Specific implementation manners

[0030] For the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention to be clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the embodiments.

[0032] Embodiment: Refer to Figures 1 to 7 , a safety monitoring device for a photovoltaic power generation energy storage device, comprising:

[0033] A monitoring box 1, two alarm lamps 102 are symmetrically installed on the upper end face of the monitoring box 1. The alarm lamps 102 are electrically connected to a controller. One side of the monitoring box 1 is communicated with an external connecting pipe 101. The external connecting pipe 101 is connected to an air extraction device. The air extraction device adopts a self-sealing vacuum pump. The core design of the self-sealing vacuum pump is to integrate a mechanical sealing structure inside the pump. When the pump stops working, the sealing structure automatically closes the air inlet;

[0034] Negative pressure assembly 2, the negative pressure assembly 2 includes a lifting frame 203 symmetrically arranged inside the monitoring box 1. The lifting frame 203 is driven to lift inside the monitoring box 1. An airbag 204 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the lifting frame 203. The airbag 204 has an upper air chamber and a lower air chamber. A gas sensor is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the upper air chamber. The gas sensor uses an existing carbon dioxide sensor. The carbon dioxide sensor is a detection device based on the principle of electrochemical reaction, which can convert the concentration of the target chemical substance into a measurable electrical signal (such as current, voltage or resistance). The gas sensor is electrically connected to the controller. On one side of the monitoring box 1 and below the external connection pipe 101, there are two transparent tubes 209. The transparent tubes 209 are filled with pigment. The setting of the pigment can effectively enable the operator to observe it during the flowing process. And the pigment uses inorganic pigment to maintain a long-term flowing state in a sealed environment;

[0035] Monitoring assembly 3, the monitoring assembly 3 includes a partition block 302 fixed on the inner wall of the monitoring box 1. The partition block 302 divides the interior of the monitoring box 1 into two monitoring spaces. An inner cavity 303 is opened inside the partition block 302. Through holes are opened on both inner walls of the inner cavity 303. A blocking block 305 driven to lift is arranged on the inner wall of the inner cavity 303 at the corresponding through holes.

[0036] Refer to Figures 2 to 4, symmetric sliding grooves are formed on the upper end face of the monitoring box 1. The lifting frame 203 is hermetically and slidably connected to the sliding grooves. An external fixing frame 201 is fixedly installed on the upper end face of the monitoring box 1 at positions corresponding to the sliding grooves. An internal fixing frame 202 is fixedly installed at the inner top end of the monitoring box 1 at positions corresponding to the sliding grooves. The lifting frame 203 is slidably connected to the external fixing frame 201 and the internal fixing frame 202. A compression tank 205 is embedded at the inner bottom end of the internal fixing frame 202. A first spring 206 is fixedly installed between the compression tank 205 and the lifting frame 203. A delivery pipe 207 is communicated with the lower end face of the airbag 204. The lower end of the delivery pipe 207 penetrates through the lifting frame 203, the compression tank 205, and the monitoring box 1 and is communicated with a transparent pipe 209. When the airbag 204 expands due to negative air pressure in the monitoring space, the pigment in the transparent pipe 209 is pumped into it through the delivery pipe 207. And the transparent pipe 209 is made of fluorinated ethylene propylene copolymer material, which has similar low surface energy and chemical stability, and at the same time has higher transparency, which can prevent the pigment from sticking to the inner wall of the transparent pipe 209. Fixed frames 208 are symmetrically installed on the outer wall of the monitoring box 1, and the fixed frames 208 are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the transparent pipe 209. On the upper end face of the monitoring box 1, two pairs of rotating seats 210 are symmetrically and fixedly installed on both sides of the external fixing frame 201. A rotating shaft 211 is rotatably installed between each pair of rotating seats 210. A sealing plate 212 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the rotating shaft 211. Iron sheets 215 are fixedly installed on both sides of the sealing plate 212. A magnetic strip 214 is embedded on the upper end face of the monitoring box 1 at positions corresponding to the iron sheets 215. An installation ring 213 is fixedly installed on the opposite side of the rotating seat 210. A coil spring is arranged inside the installation ring 213, and the inner and outer ends of the coil spring are respectively fixedly connected to the installation ring 213 and the rotating shaft 211.

[0037] Refer to Figures 3 to 6, a spring holding switch 301 is fixedly installed at the inner bottom end of the internal fixing frame 202. The spring holding switch 301 is a device that utilizes the mechanical properties of a spring to achieve a switching function. It controls the opening and closing states of the switch through the compression or extension of the spring. When an external force acts on the switch, the spring is compressed or stretched, the switch contacts close, and the circuit is connected. When the external force is removed, the spring returns to its original state, the switch contacts open, and the circuit is disconnected. The spring holding switch 301 is electrically connected to the controller. A sliding baffle 304 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the inner cavity 303 at the corresponding through-hole. An air inlet hole is provided at the lower position of the outer wall of the sliding baffle 304. A blocking block 305 is hermetically and slidably connected to the sliding baffle 304. A second spring 306 is fixedly installed between the blocking block 305 and the sliding baffle 304. A lifting box 307 is fixedly installed at the inner top end of the monitoring box 1. A lifting plate 308 is hermetically and slidably installed on the inner wall of the lifting box 307. A sealing baffle 319 is fixedly installed on the upper end surface of the lifting plate 308. The sealing baffle 319 is hermetically and slidably connected to the lifting box 307. Two cavities 312 are symmetrically provided above the inner cavity 303 inside the partition block 302. A corrugated expansion tube 313 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the cavity 312. The corrugated expansion tube 313 is filled with gas. The gas can be carbon dioxide. This gas is non-toxic, harmless, inexpensive, and the existing gas sensor technology is mature with high detection accuracy, and it can effectively detect the carbon dioxide entering the upper air cavity. The upper position of the outer wall of the corrugated expansion tube 313 is fixedly connected to the lifting plate 308. A connecting pipe 314 is connected to the upper end surface of the corrugated expansion tube 313. The upper end of the connecting pipe 314 penetrates through the partition block 302, the monitoring box 1 and is provided with a valve 315. The valve 315 adopts an existing globe valve. This globe valve can drive the valve stem to move linearly by rotating the handwheel, so that the valve flap (valve core) contacts or separates from the valve seat, thereby realizing the opening and closing of the valve. The corrugated expansion tube 313 is communicated with the sliding baffle 304 through a ventilation pipe 316. Air inlet ports 318 are provided inside the monitoring box 1 and the lifting box 307. A third spring 309 is fixedly installed between the lifting plate 308 and the lifting box 307. A connecting pipe 317 is communicated with the outer wall of the ventilation pipe 316. The upper end of the connecting pipe 317 penetrates through the partition block 302, the lifting frame 203, the airbag 204 and is communicated with the upper air cavity. A support rod 310 is fixedly installed at the inner top end of the lifting box 307. An electromagnet 311 is fixedly installed at the lower end of the support rod 310. The electromagnet 311 is electrically connected to the controller. The electromagnet 311 is magnetically coupled with the lifting plate 308. The electromagnet 311 is a device that generates a magnetic field by passing an electric current through a coil, and can convert electrical energy into magnetic energy, thereby realizing the attraction or repulsion of magnetic materials.

[0038] Refer to Figure 7, further comprising a fixing component 4, the fixing component 4 includes a base 401 fixed to the lower end face of the monitoring box 1, a partition plate 402 is fixedly installed between the base 401 and the monitoring box 1, slide rails 403 are symmetrically installed on the upper end face of the base 401, a bearing frame 404 is slidably installed on the upper end face of the slide rails 403, the bearing frame 404 can carry the battery pack and move, a fixed pipe 405 is communicated with the lower end face of the monitoring box 1 at a position corresponding to the bearing frame 404, a lifting pipe 406 is installed on the outer wall of the fixed pipe 405 in a limit-sliding manner, a tapered sleeve 407 is installed on the outer wall of the lifting pipe 406 in a threaded manner, the lower end of the lifting pipe 406 is provided with a tapered structure, and during the process of the tapered sleeve 407 rotating and descending, the tapered structure provided at the lower end of the tapered sleeve 407 will coincide with the lower end of the lifting pipe 406 to fix the liquid injection port of the battery pack.

[0039] The working principle of the present invention is as follows:

[0040] 1. Fix the battery pack and evacuate: Pull the bearing frame 404 out from the upper end of the slide rail 403, place the battery pack to be monitored on the bearing frame 404, pull the lifting pipe 406 to slide on the outer wall of the fixed pipe 405, align it with the liquid injection port of the battery pack, rotate the tapered sleeve 407 to make the tapered sleeve 407 descend on the outer wall of the lifting pipe 406, and fix the periphery of the liquid injection port of the battery pack by the coincidence of the lower end of the tapered sleeve 407 and the lower end of the lifting pipe 406. By regularly opening the air extraction device, the air extraction device extracts the gas in the inner cavity 303 and the monitoring box 1 through the external connecting pipe 101, so that the air pressure in the inner cavity 303 and the monitoring space is reduced to the preset negative air pressure;

[0041] 2. Primary monitoring: After reducing the air pressure inside the monitoring space to the preset negative air pressure, the lifting frame 203 slides into the monitoring space (i.e., the monitoring box 1) through the chute between the outer fixing frame 201 and the inner fixing frame 202. During the process of the lifting frame 203 sliding into the interior of the monitoring box 1, it will drive the airbag 204 to slide into the interior of the monitoring box 1 together (during the process of the airbag 204 sliding into the interior of the monitoring box 1, the airbag 204 will expand due to the reduction of the air pressure inside the monitoring space. During the expansion process of the airbag 204, it is in airtight contact with the inner wall of the chute. Therefore, external air will not enter the interior of the monitoring box 1 through the gap between the airbag 204 and the chute during the descent), and compress the first spring 206, pressing the first spring 206 in a compressed state into the compression tank 205. The airbag 204 expands as the air pressure inside the monitoring space continues to decrease during the descent into the monitoring space. During the expansion process of the airbag 204, the pigment in the transparent tube 209 is pumped into the lower air chamber through the delivery pipe 207. As the air pressure inside the monitoring box 1 continues to decrease, the lower end face of the lifting frame 203 contacts the inner end of the inner fixing frame 202. The lifting frame 203 presses the spring-holding switch 301, and when the lifting frame 203 moves downward, it will press the connecting pipe 317, preventing gas from flowing. The controller will control the disconnection of the voltage of the electromagnet 311 and the air extraction device due to the triggering of the spring-holding switch 301. The air extraction device will stop extracting air, and the electromagnet 311 will not generate magnetism. The set lifting plate 308 will slide downward along the inner wall of the lifting box 307 because the air pressure inside the monitoring box 1 is greater than the external air pressure (the inner wall of the lifting box 307 is connected to the outside through the air inlet 318 above the lifting plate 308), and stretch the third spring 309. The sliding-down lifting plate 308 will drive the corrugated telescopic tube 313 to compress, so that the chemical gas inside the corrugated telescopic tube 313 enters between the blocking block 305 and the sliding baffle 304 through the ventilation pipe 316 to increase the air pressure, and squeeze the blocking block 305 to slide downward inside the sliding baffle 304, blocking the air inlet hole and the opening hole, so that the air extraction device can no longer extract air, and the air pressure in the two monitoring spaces set inside the monitoring box 1 will be maintained at a constant low air pressure. It should be noted that during the process of extracting air and reducing the air pressure inside the monitoring box 1, the operation needs to be carried out at room temperature. Temperature changes will cause unstable air pressure values;

[0042] It should also be noted that during the process of driving the lifting plate 308 to slide downward, it will drive the sealing baffle 319 to slide airtightly on the outer wall of the lifting box 307, preventing external air from entering the monitoring box 1. During the process of driving the lifting frame 203 to descend by extracting air through the air extraction device, the set sealing plate 212 will rotate relative to the upper end face of the monitoring box 1 due to the elastic force of the coil spring, and the iron sheet 215 will be adsorbed to the magnetic strip 214, which can effectively prevent external air from entering the monitoring box 1 and causing changes in the air pressure inside the monitoring box 1;

[0043] During the process of maintaining the air pressure values in the two monitoring spaces arranged inside the monitoring box 1 at a constant low air pressure, if there is no change in the air pressure within the monitoring space, it indicates that the fixed battery pack has no air leakage phenomenon and the sealing performance of the battery pack is good. When the air pressure within the monitoring space increases, it indicates that the battery pack has an air leakage phenomenon and there is a problem with the sealing performance of the battery pack;

[0044] After the air pressure within the monitoring space changes and the gap with the external air pressure gradually decreases, the air pressure within the monitoring space cannot overcome the elastic force of the first spring 206 to keep the lifting frame 203 and the airbag 204 inside the monitoring box 1. The lifting frame 203 and the airbag 204 will slide out of the monitoring box 1 through the chute and stop squeezing the connecting pipe 317. The volume of the airbag 204 will correspondingly decrease as the gap between the air pressure within the monitoring space and the external air pressure gradually decreases. The pigment pumped into the interior due to the expansion of the airbag 204 will flow back into the transparent pipe 209 from the interior of the airbag 204 due to the decrease in the air pressure within the airbag 204. Therefore, it is possible to judge whether the battery pack fixedly installed in the corresponding monitoring space is leaking air by observing the flow rate of the pigment in the transparent pipe 209, and the flow rate of the pigment is proportional to the air pressure within the monitoring space and the air leakage condition of the battery pack;

[0045] 3. Secondary monitoring: After the air pressure within the monitoring space changes, the third spring 309 stretched due to the change in air pressure will drive the lifting plate 308 to slide upward airtightly within the lifting box 307, and drive the corrugated telescopic pipe 313 to extend and unfold. The chemical gas discharged into the space between the blocking block 305 and the sliding baffle 304 through the ventilation pipe 316 will flow upward into the upper air chamber through the connecting pipe 317. The gas sensor arranged in the upper air chamber will detect the chemical gas and generate an electrical signal. The controller controls the alarm lamp 102 to give an alarm through the generated electrical signal, so as to judge the change condition of the air pressure within the monitoring space and thus judge the air leakage phenomenon of the battery pack;

[0046] It should be emphasized that before the air pressure in the monitoring space is reduced and the lifting frame 203 is driven to slide and descend on the inner walls of the outer fixing frame 201 and the inner fixing frame 202 to squeeze the connecting tube 317, the carbon dioxide gas has not entered the bellows expansion tube 313 (the connecting tube 317 is squeezed and the gas cannot flow). After the lifting frame 203 slides and descends on the inner walls of the outer fixing frame 201 and the inner fixing frame 202 to squeeze the connecting tube 317, the valve 315 is opened to inject carbon dioxide gas into the bellows expansion tube 313 through the connecting tube 314, and then the valve 315 is closed. In the case where the air pressure in the monitoring space increases due to leakage of the battery pack, the lifting frame 203 will drive the airbag 204 to slide and rise on the inner walls of the outer fixing frame 201 and the inner fixing frame 202 due to the increase in air pressure, and the lifting plate 308 will also slide and rise in the lifting box 307 due to the increase in air pressure in the monitoring space. The resilience of the spring 309 is lower than that of the first spring 206 (the third spring 309 can be made of a high damping alloy material. The alloy or composite material with a high damping property can absorb more energy, thereby slowing down the rebound speed of the third spring 309. These materials can effectively consume part of the energy when subjected to force, reduce the rebound speed, and slow down the rebound speed in the process of releasing the compressed kinetic energy due to the significant material damping effect or energy dissipation mechanism), the rising speed of the lifting plate 308 is lower than the rising speed of the lifting frame 203, and the bellows 313 will be in a compressed state due to the slow rising speed of the lifting plate 308. When the internal air pressure of the monitoring box 1 decreases, the chemical gas between the block 305 and the sliding baffle 304 will preferentially enter the upper air cavity of the airbag 204 through the connecting pipe 317, and then be detected by the gas sensor to determine whether the battery pack has a leak.

[0047] By monitoring the battery pack leakage device;

[0048] First, the pigment is driven to flow in the transparent tube 209 by the change of negative pressure, and the operator can directly observe the change of liquid level to judge the fault;

[0049] Second, it combines mechanical (pigment flow) and electronic (gas sensor) dual detection: pigment flow provides a preliminary leak indication, and the gas sensor triggers a secondary alarm, which can form a redundant protection.

[0050] By linking the gas sensor with the controller, changes in gas composition in the upper air cavity of the airbag can be monitored in real time. When a battery pack leaks and causes negative pressure imbalance in the monitoring space, gas (such as carbon dioxide) enters the upper air cavity through the connecting tube. The gas sensor immediately identifies abnormal gas concentration and triggers a secondary electronic alarm. This design enables accurate qualitative analysis of leaked gas and can effectively distinguish between environmental interference and real leakage events.

[0051] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements on some of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements will not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the protection scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic power generation and energy storage equipment safety monitoring device, characterized in that: include: A monitoring box (1), wherein two alarm lights (102) are symmetrically mounted on an upper end surface of the monitoring box (1), the alarm lights (102) being electrically connected to a controller, and one side of the monitoring box (1) being connected to an external pipe (101), the external pipe (101) being connected to an exhaust device; A negative air pressure component (2), the negative air pressure component (2) comprising a lifting frame (203) symmetrically arranged inside the monitoring box (1), the lifting frame (203) being driven to be lifted inside the monitoring box (1), an air bag (204) being fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the lifting frame (203), the air bag (204) having an upper air cavity and a lower air cavity, a gas sensor being fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the upper air cavity, the gas sensor being electrically connected to a controller, two transparent tubes (209) being arranged on one side of the monitoring box (1) and below the external tube (101), the transparent tubes (209) being filled with pigment; A monitoring component (3), the monitoring component (3) comprising a partition block (302) fixed to the inner wall of the monitoring box (1), the partition block (302) dividing the interior of the monitoring box (1) into two monitoring spaces, an inner cavity (303) is provided inside the partition block (302), through holes are provided on the inner walls on both sides of the inner cavity (303), and a blocking block (305) driven to rise and fall is provided on the inner wall of the inner cavity (303) and at a position corresponding to the through hole; A lifting box (307) is fixedly mounted on the inner top of the monitoring box (1); a lifting plate (308) is airtightly slidably mounted on the inner wall of the lifting box (307); a sealing baffle (319) is fixedly mounted on the upper end surface of the lifting plate (308); the sealing baffle (319) is airtightly slidably connected to the lifting box (307); two cavities (312) are symmetrically formed inside the spacer (302) and above the inner cavity (303); and a corrugated A telescopic tube (313), the interior of the bellows telescopic tube (313) is filled with gas, the outer wall of the bellows telescopic tube (313) is fixedly connected to the lifting plate (308) at an upper position, the upper end surface of the bellows telescopic tube (313) is connected to a connecting tube (314), the upper end of the connecting tube (314) passes through the spacer (302) and the monitoring box (1) and is installed with a valve (315), and the bellows telescopic tube (313) is connected to the sliding baffle (304) via a vent pipe (316).

2. A photovoltaic power generation and energy storage equipment safety monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end surface of the monitoring box (1) is symmetrically provided with a slide groove, the lifting frame (203) is airtightly slidably connected to the slide groove, an external fixing frame (201) is fixedly installed on the upper end surface of the monitoring box (1) at a position corresponding to the slide groove, an internal fixing frame (202) is fixedly installed on the inner top of the monitoring box (1) at a position corresponding to the slide groove, the lifting frame (203) is slidably connected to the external fixing frame (201) and the internal fixing frame (202), a compression tank (205) is embedded in the inner bottom end of the internal fixing frame (202), a first spring (206) is fixedly installed between the compression tank (205) and the lifting frame (203), the lower end surface of the airbag (204) is connected to a delivery pipe (207), the lower end of the delivery pipe (207) passes through the lifting frame (203), the compression tank (205), the monitoring box (1) and is connected to a transparent tube (209).

3. A photovoltaic power generation and energy storage equipment safety monitoring device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A fixing frame (208) is symmetrically mounted on the outer wall of the monitoring box (1), and the fixing frame (208) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the transparent tube (209). Two pairs of rotating seats (210) are symmetrically fixedly mounted on the upper end surface of the monitoring box (1) and on both sides of the outer fixing frame (201). A rotating shaft (211) is rotatably mounted between each pair of the rotating seats (210). A sealing plate (212) is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the rotating shaft (211). Iron sheets (215) are fixedly mounted on both sides of the sealing plate (212). A magnetic strip (214) is embedded on the upper end surface of the monitoring box (1) and at a position corresponding to the iron sheet (215). A mounting ring (213) is fixedly mounted on the opposite side of the rotating seat (210), and a coil spring is arranged inside the mounting ring (213). The inner and outer ends of the coil spring are respectively fixedly connected to the mounting ring (213) and the rotating shaft (211).

4. A photovoltaic power generation and energy storage equipment safety monitoring device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A spring retaining switch (301) is fixedly installed at the inner bottom end of the inner fixing frame (202), and the spring retaining switch (301) is electrically connected to the controller. A sliding baffle (304) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the inner cavity (303) and at the corresponding through hole. An air inlet hole is opened at the lower position of the outer wall of the sliding baffle (304). The blocking block (305) is airtightly slidably connected to the sliding baffle (304), and a second spring (306) is fixedly installed between the blocking block (305) and the sliding baffle (304).

5. A photovoltaic power generation and energy storage equipment safety monitoring device according to claim 4, characterized in that: An air inlet (318) is provided inside the monitoring box (1) and the lifting box (307); a third spring (309) is fixedly installed between the lifting plate (308) and the lifting box (307); an outer wall of the ventilation pipe (316) is connected to a connecting pipe (317); an upper end of the connecting pipe (317) passes through the spacer (302), the lifting frame (203), the air bag (204), and is connected to the upper air cavity.

6. A photovoltaic power generation and energy storage equipment safety monitoring device according to claim 5, characterized in that: A support rod (310) is fixedly mounted on the inner top end of the lifting box (307), an electromagnet (311) is fixedly mounted on the lower end of the support rod (310), the electromagnet (311) is electrically connected to the controller, and the electromagnet (311) is magnetically matched with the lifting plate (308).

7. A photovoltaic power generation and energy storage equipment safety monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The monitoring box (1) further comprises a fixing assembly (4), the fixing assembly (4) comprising a base (401) fixed to the lower end surface of the monitoring box (1), a partition plate (402) fixedly mounted between the base (401) and the monitoring box (1), a slide rail (403) symmetrically mounted on the upper end surface of the base (401), a bearing frame (404) slidably mounted on the upper end surface of the slide rail (403), a fixing pipe (405) connected to the lower end surface of the monitoring box (1) at a position corresponding to the bearing frame (404), a lifting pipe (406) slidably mounted on the outer wall of the fixing pipe (405), and a conical sleeve (407) threadedly mounted on the outer wall of the lifting pipe (406).

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