Testing device and method for simulating combustion of green fuel in heat flow field of internal combustion engine

Abstract

The invention discloses a test device and method for simulating combustion of green fuel in a heat flow field of an internal combustion engine, and the device comprises a constant-volume combustion bomb, the upper end of which is provided with a fuel injector end cover, and a fuel injector is disposed on the fuel injector end cover; comprising an observation window which is tightly connected with the constant-volume combustion bomb through a window end cover. A servo motor is connected to the bottommost part of the constant volume combustion bomb, is connected with a servo driver through an encoder line, and is connected with the servo driver through a power line. The servo motor is connected with a multi-blade propeller located at the bottom in the constant-volume combustion bomb through a shaft system; a heating device and a thermocouple are arranged in the constant volume combustion bomb; and the lower part of the constant-volume combustion bomb is sequentially connected with an air inlet valve and a high-pressure air bottle. By adjusting the temperature and pressure in the constant volume combustion bomb and replacing the end cover of the fuel injector to replace the fuel injectors used by different fuels, the multi-element green fuel combustion test under the condition of simulating the heat flow field characteristics in the cylinder in the power stroke of the engine is carried out.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of power and energy engineering, and in particular relates to a testing device and method for simulating green fuel combustion under a thermal flow field of an internal combustion engine. Background Art

[0002] As a common power device, the internal combustion engine has the advantages of good fuel economy, high thermal efficiency, large torque, good durability and economy, etc. It has been widely used in aerospace, transportation, defense equipment and other fields. Since the birth of the internal combustion engine, it has been continuously updated and optimized in pursuit of excellent power and economy.

[0003] With the iterative development of internal combustion engine technology, the global emission standards for pollutants from internal combustion engines have become more stringent, which has also led to the continuous improvement of internal combustion engines in the direction of high efficiency and cleanliness. In order to reduce carbon emissions from internal combustion engines, it is necessary to carry out experimental research on different strokes of the internal combustion engine working cycle. Especially for the combustion characteristics of the power stroke, the more evenly the fuel and air are mixed, the more fully the mixture burns; the above process is closely related to the turbulence intensity in the engine cylinder. Increasing the turbulence intensity of the air in the cylinder can promote the uniform mixing of oil and gas, but strong turbulence will increase the heat dissipation of the engine, thereby reducing the engine efficiency. With the proposal of the dual carbon strategy, increasingly stringent carbon dioxide emission regulations will prompt future engines to use more green low / zero carbon fuels, so it is urgent to test and analyze the combustion characteristics of various green fuels in engine-like working environments. Green carbon fuels include green alcohols, biodiesel, hydrogen, and ammonia. For different fuels, due to the special physical and chemical properties of different fuels, the specifications of the injectors used in internal combustion engines are also different. Therefore, in order to analyze the combustion characteristics of different fuels, the test device is required to be able to adapt to various different injectors. Considering the size and structural characteristics of different injectors, in order to ensure the air tightness of the combustion chamber, the test device needs to have good injector interchangeability, so that the combustion characteristics of different fuels under variable thermal turbulent fields can be tested. However, in reality, optical test devices that can simultaneously control the thermal field and turbulence intensity in the combustion chamber to simulate engine-like working conditions are very rare. If the combustion requirements of different green fuels are met, the existing test equipment is almost blank. Therefore, a test device and method for simulating the combustion of green fuels under the thermal flow field of the engine is urgently needed. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a testing device and method for simulating the combustion of green fuel under the thermal flow field of an engine.

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A test device for simulating green fuel combustion under a thermal flow field of an internal combustion engine, comprising a constant volume combustion bomb, a fuel injector, a spark plug, a fuel injector end cover, an observation window, an air intake valve, a high-pressure air bottle, a multi-blade propeller, a servo motor, a power line, an encoder line, a servo driver, a heating device, a thermocouple, a window end cover, a rubber gasket, an exhaust valve, and an exhaust gas treatment device;

[0007] An injector end cover is installed at the upper end of the constant volume combustion bomb, and the injector is installed on the injector end cover; the observation window is tightly connected to the constant volume combustion bomb through the window end cover; the servo motor is connected to the bottom of the constant volume combustion bomb, and is connected to the servo driver through an encoder line, and is connected to the servo driver through a power line; the servo motor is connected to the multi-blade propeller located at the bottom of the constant volume combustion bomb through a shaft system; a heating device and a thermocouple are provided inside the constant volume combustion bomb; the upper part of the constant volume combustion bomb is connected to an exhaust valve and an exhaust gas treatment device in sequence, and the lower part is connected to an intake valve and a high-pressure air bottle in sequence.

[0008] Furthermore, the inner wall of the constant volume combustion bomb is cylindrical, which is consistent with the shape of the cylinder liner of the internal combustion engine.

[0009] Furthermore, the outer wall of the constant volume incendiary bomb is a rectangular parallelepiped.

[0010] Furthermore, the injector end cover is connected to the constant volume combustion bomb via fixing bolts, and a spark plug is installed on the injector end cover.

[0011] Furthermore, there are four observation windows, which are cut from quartz glass; the quartz glass is connected to the constant volume combustion bomb through the window end cover by fixing bolts, and the air tightness of the constant volume combustion bomb is ensured by using rubber gaskets.

[0012] Furthermore, the servo driver outputs motor start and speed signals to the servo motor via an encoder line; and outputs power signals to the servo motor via a power line.

[0013] Furthermore, the servo motor is provided with a power supply port, a servo motor connection port and an encoder connection port.

[0014] Furthermore, the heating device inside the constant volume combustion bomb is located at the lower part and above the multi-blade propeller.

[0015] Furthermore, the thermocouple inside the constant volume combustion bomb is located at the upper part, and two of them are installed symmetrically to monitor the internal temperature of the constant volume combustion bomb.

[0016] A test method for simulating green fuel combustion under a thermal flow field of an internal combustion engine, the steps are as follows:

[0017] Step 1: Before starting the device, select the injector that matches the required test fuel and customize the injector end cap that matches the injector;

[0018] Step 2: Start the device and start testing;

[0019] The test fuel is divided into the following two cases:

[0020] (1) For spark-ignition fuel, the corresponding injector end cap must be equipped with both the injector and the spark plug;

[0021] Determine the fuel injection timing, duration and injection pressure, and control them through an external synchronous controller;

[0022] Determine the cylinder temperature required for the fuel to be ignited, and adjust the temperature in the constant volume combustion bomb at this moment through the heating device;

[0023] The pressure inside the constant volume combustion bomb is adjusted to the specified pressure through the high-pressure air bottle;

[0024] The servo driver drives the servo motor to start working, and adjusts the speed of the servo motor to achieve a specified turbulence intensity in the constant volume combustion bomb;

[0025] The injector starts working, and the high-pressure fuel jet to be tested enters the test device. During the fuel spray process, the spark plug is coordinated to control the ignition work, igniting the fuel to make it burn;

[0026] Four observation windows, select any one or several to record the combustion characteristics using optical test equipment;

[0027] (2) For compression ignition fuel, the corresponding injector end cap only needs to be installed with the injector;

[0028] Determine the fuel injection timing, duration and injection pressure, and control them through an external synchronous controller;

[0029] Determine the temperature required for compression ignition of the tested fuel, and adjust the temperature inside the constant volume combustion bomb at this moment through the heating device;

[0030] The pressure inside the constant volume combustion bomb is adjusted to the specified pressure through the high-pressure air bottle;

[0031] The servo driver drives the servo motor to start working, and adjusts the speed of the servo motor to achieve a specified turbulence intensity in the constant volume combustion bomb;

[0032] The fuel injector starts working, sprays fuel, increases the pressure inside the constant volume combustion bomb to make it burn, and tests the combustion characteristics of the fuel;

[0033] Four observation windows, select any one or several to record the combustion characteristics using optical test equipment;

[0034] Step 3: Burning ends;

[0035] The exhaust valve and the intake valve are opened at the same time, and the air enters the lower part of the constant volume combustion bomb from the high-pressure air bottle through the pipeline and is discharged from the top of the constant volume combustion bomb, thereby completing the scavenging in the cylinder. The exhaust gas and air mixture enters the exhaust gas treatment device through the pipeline and is discharged after purification;

[0036] Step 4: Exhaust is completed;

[0037] Repeat steps 1 to 3 for multiple repetitive experiments.

[0038] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0039] The present invention uses a cylindrical constant volume combustion bomb to ensure that it matches the geometric shape of the engine cylinder, which can better simulate the flow field characteristics in the engine cylinder, so that the test results can be better applied to the internal combustion engines of vehicles / ships;

[0040] The present invention can simulate the working environment corresponding to different piston positions in the cylinder of an internal combustion engine by synchronously adjusting the internal pressure and temperature of the constant volume combustion bomb, thereby igniting the fuel through jet ignition or compression ignition to perform combustion tests. This device can be used to analyze the combustion characteristics of the green fuel being tested, study the oil-gas matching strategy and ignition timing, etc., and provide experimental verification support for improving thermal efficiency and reducing emissions; by replacing the injector and its matching injector end cover, the combustion characteristics of multiple green fuels can be tested and analyzed; by adjusting the servo motor speed in real time, the turbulence intensity in the cylinder can be accurately controlled, so that the combustion characteristics under different turbulent kinetic energy conditions in the cylinder can be tested;

[0041] In summary, the present invention can realize the multi-element green fuel combustion test under the conditions of simulating the thermal flow field characteristics of the engine power stroke cylinder by adjusting the temperature and pressure in the constant volume combustion bomb and replacing the injector end cover to replace the injector used for different fuels. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] FIG. 1( a ) is a schematic diagram of a replaceable injector end cover structure of a test device and method for simulating green fuel (ignition fuel) combustion under a thermal flow field of an engine according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] FIG1( b ) is a schematic diagram of a replaceable injector end cover structure of a test device and method for simulating the combustion of green fuel (compression ignition fuel) under a thermal flow field of an engine according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a test system for simulating the combustion of green fuel (ignition fuel) under a thermal flow field of an engine according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of a test system for simulating the combustion of green fuel (compression ignition fuel) under an engine thermal flow field according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0046] Description of reference numerals:

[0047] 1-constant volume combustion bomb; 2-injector; 3-spark plug; 4-injector end cover; 5-observation window; 6-intake valve; 7-high pressure air bottle; 8-multi-blade propeller; 9-servo motor; 10-power line; 11-encoder line; 12-servo drive; 13-heating device; 14-thermocouple; 15-window end cover; 16-rubber gasket; 17-exhaust valve; 18-exhaust treatment device; 19-fixing bolt. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0049] like Figure 2 As shown, a test device and method for simulating green fuel combustion under a thermal flow field of an engine include a constant volume combustion bomb 1, an injector 2, a spark plug 3, an injector end cover 4, an observation window 5, an intake valve 6, a high-pressure air bottle 7, a multi-blade propeller 8, a servo motor 9, a power line 10, an encoder line 11, a servo driver 12, a heating device 13, a thermocouple 14, a window end cover 15, a rubber gasket 16, an exhaust valve 17, an exhaust gas treatment device 18, and a fixing bolt 19.

[0050] As shown in Figures 1-3, an injector end cover 4 is installed at the upper end of the constant volume combustion bomb 1, and the injector 2 is installed on the injector end cover 4; there is at least one observation window 5, which is tightly connected to the constant volume combustion bomb 1 through the window end cover 15; the servo motor 9 is connected to the bottom of the constant volume combustion bomb 1, and is connected to the servo driver 12 through the encoder line 11, and is connected to the servo driver 12 through the power line 10; the servo motor 9 is connected to the multi-blade propeller 8 located at the bottom of the constant volume combustion bomb 1 through the shaft system; a heating device 13 and a thermocouple 14 are provided inside the constant volume combustion bomb 1; the upper part of the constant volume combustion bomb 1 is connected to the exhaust valve 17 and the exhaust gas treatment device 18 in sequence, and the lower part is connected to the intake valve 6 and the high-pressure air bottle 7 in sequence.

[0051] The injector end cover 4 is connected to the constant volume combustion bomb 1 through a fixing bolt 19, and a spark plug 3 is installed on the injector end cover 4.

[0052] There are four observation windows 5 cut from quartz glass; the quartz glass is connected to the constant volume incendiary bomb 1 through the window end cover 15 by fixing bolts 19, and the air tightness of the constant volume incendiary bomb 1 is ensured by a rubber gasket 16.

[0053] The servo motor 9 is provided with a power supply port, a servo motor connection port and an encoder connection port.

[0054] The heating device 13 inside the constant volume combustion bomb 1 is located at the lower part and above the multi-blade propeller 8 .

[0055] The thermocouple 14 inside the constant volume combustion bomb 1 is located at the upper part, and two of them are symmetrically installed to monitor the internal temperature of the constant volume combustion bomb 1.

[0056] A test method for simulating green fuel combustion under an engine thermal flow field, the specific working steps are as follows:

[0057] Before starting the device, select the injector 2 that matches the required test fuel, and customize the injector end cap 4 that matches the injector 2;

[0058] ① For ignition fuel (the corresponding injector end cap needs to be installed with both the injector and the spark plug):

[0059] Firstly, the fuel injection timing, duration, pressure and other related parameters are determined, and the high-pressure air bottle 7 and the heating device 13 are used to achieve the purpose of increasing the pressure and temperature in the cylinder to simulate the environmental parameters in the engine cylinder at that moment;

[0060] The fuel injector 2 starts working, and the fuel jet flows into the container. During the fuel spraying process, the spark plug 3 is controlled to ignite and ignite the sprayed fuel to make it burn;

[0061] Four observation windows 5, the combustion characteristics can be recorded by optical testing equipment in one or more windows according to actual test requirements;

[0062] ②For compression ignition fuel (the corresponding injector end cap only needs to install the injector):

[0063] Firstly, the relevant parameters such as the fuel injection time, duration and pressure are determined, and the high-pressure air bottle 7 and the heating device 13 are used to achieve the purpose of increasing the pressure and temperature in the cylinder to simulate the environmental parameters in the engine cylinder at that moment;

[0064] The injector 2 starts working, the fuel jet enters the bomb, and by adjusting the pressure and temperature in the constant volume combustion bomb 1, the test fuel reaches the set value of compression ignition to make it burn;

[0065] Four observation windows 5, the combustion characteristics can be recorded by optical testing equipment in one or more windows according to actual test requirements;

[0066] After the combustion is finished, the exhaust valve 17 and the intake valve 6 are opened at the same time, and the air enters the lower part of the constant volume combustion bomb 1 from the high pressure air bottle 7 through the pipeline, and is discharged from the top of the constant volume combustion bomb 1 to complete the scavenging, and the exhaust gas and air mixture enter the exhaust gas treatment device 18 through the pipeline, and is discharged after purification;

[0067] After exhausting is completed, the above steps can be repeated to carry out multiple repetitive experiments.

[0068] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A test device for simulating green fuel combustion under the thermal flow field of an internal combustion engine, characterized in that: It includes a constant volume combustion bomb (1), a fuel injector (2), a spark plug (3), a fuel injector end cover (4), an observation window (5), an air intake valve (6), a high pressure air bottle (7), a multi-blade propeller (8), a servo motor (9), a power line (10), an encoder line (11), a servo driver (12), a heating device (13), a thermocouple (14), a window end cover (15), a rubber gasket (16), an exhaust valve (17), and an exhaust gas treatment device (18); The upper end of the constant volume combustion bomb (1) is provided with an injector end cover (4), and the injector (2) is installed on the injector end cover (4); at least one observation window (5) is tightly connected to the constant volume combustion bomb (1) through the window end cover (15); the servo motor (9) is connected to the bottom of the constant volume combustion bomb (1), and is connected to the servo driver (12) through an encoder line (11), and is connected to the servo driver (12) through a power line (10); the servo motor (9) is connected to a multi-blade propeller (8) located at the bottom of the constant volume combustion bomb (1) through a shaft system; a heating device (13) and a thermocouple (14) are provided inside the constant volume combustion bomb (1); the upper part of the constant volume combustion bomb (1) is connected to an exhaust valve (17) and an exhaust gas treatment device (18) in sequence, and the lower part is connected to an intake valve (6) and a high-pressure air bottle (7) in sequence.

2. A test device for simulating green fuel combustion under thermal flow field of an internal combustion engine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the constant volume combustion bomb (1) is cylindrical and consistent with the shape of the cylinder liner of the internal combustion engine.

3. A test device for simulating green fuel combustion under thermal flow field of an internal combustion engine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the constant volume combustion bomb (1) is a rectangular parallelepiped.

4. A test device for simulating green fuel combustion under thermal flow field of an internal combustion engine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fuel injector end cover (4) is connected to the constant volume combustion bomb (1) via a fixing bolt (19), and a spark plug (3) is installed on the fuel injector end cover (4).

5. The test device for simulating green fuel combustion under the thermal flow field of an internal combustion engine according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are four observation windows (5) cut from quartz glass; the quartz glass is connected to the constant volume combustion bomb (1) through the window end cover (15) by fixing bolts (19), and the airtightness of the constant volume combustion bomb (1) is ensured by a rubber gasket (16).

6. The test device for simulating green fuel combustion under the thermal flow field of an internal combustion engine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The servo driver (12) outputs motor start and speed signals to the servo motor (9) via an encoder line (11); and outputs power signals to the servo motor (9) via a power line (10).

7. The test device for simulating green fuel combustion under the thermal flow field of an internal combustion engine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The servo motor (9) is provided with a power supply port, a servo motor connection port and an encoder connection port.

8. The test device for simulating green fuel combustion under the thermal flow field of an internal combustion engine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heating device (13) inside the constant volume combustion bomb (1) is located at the lower part and above the multi-blade propeller (8).

9. The test device for simulating green fuel combustion under the thermal flow field of an internal combustion engine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thermocouple (14) inside the constant volume combustion bomb (1) is located at the upper part, and two of them are symmetrically installed to monitor the internal temperature of the constant volume combustion bomb (1).

10. A test method for green fuel combustion under a simulated internal combustion engine thermal flow field according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: Here are the steps: Step 1: Before starting the device, select the injector that matches the required test fuel and customize the injector end cap that matches the injector; Step 2: Start the device and start testing; The test fuel is divided into the following two cases: (1) For spark-ignition fuel, the corresponding injector end cap must be equipped with both the injector and the spark plug; Determine the fuel injection timing, duration and injection pressure, and control them through an external synchronous controller; Determine the cylinder temperature required for the fuel to be ignited, and adjust the temperature in the constant volume combustion bomb at this moment through the heating device; The pressure inside the constant volume combustion bomb is adjusted to the specified pressure through the high-pressure air bottle; The servo driver drives the servo motor to start working, and adjusts the speed of the servo motor to achieve a specified turbulence intensity in the constant volume combustion bomb; The injector starts working, and the high-pressure fuel jet to be tested enters the test device. During the fuel spray process, the spark plug is coordinated to control the ignition work, igniting the fuel to make it burn; Four observation windows, select any one or several to record the combustion characteristics using optical test equipment; (2) For compression ignition fuel, the corresponding injector end cap only needs to be installed with the injector; Determine the fuel injection timing, duration and injection pressure, and control them through an external synchronous controller; Determine the temperature required for compression ignition of the tested fuel, and adjust the temperature inside the constant volume combustion bomb at this moment through the heating device; The pressure inside the constant volume combustion bomb is adjusted to the specified pressure through the high-pressure air bottle; The servo driver drives the servo motor to start working, and adjusts the speed of the servo motor to achieve a specified turbulence intensity in the constant volume combustion bomb; The fuel injector starts working, sprays fuel, increases the pressure inside the constant volume combustion bomb to make it burn, and tests the combustion characteristics of the fuel; Four observation windows, select any one or several to record the combustion characteristics using optical test equipment; Step 3: Burning ends; The exhaust valve and the intake valve are opened at the same time, and the air enters the lower part of the constant volume combustion bomb from the high-pressure air bottle through the pipeline and is discharged from the top of the constant volume combustion bomb, thereby completing the scavenging in the cylinder. The exhaust gas and air mixture enters the exhaust gas treatment device through the pipeline and is discharged after purification; Step 4: Exhaust is completed; Repeat steps 1 to 3 for multiple repetitive experiments.

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