Deep water automatic water and mud sampling device and water and mud sampling method

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of deep water automatic water sampling and sediment sampling equipment and water sampling and sediment sampling method, the equipment includes water sampling pipe and is arranged on water sampling pipe data detector, positioning signal transmitter, sediment sampler and direction controller.Water sampling pipe is used to collect water, data detector detects water temperature and other data, positioning signal transmitter emits position information, sediment sampler is used to collect mud sample, and direction controller controls equipment movement direction.The method is to collect bottom mud sample and water sample at different depths.The present application provides original material for studying deep water quality and mud sample by collecting deep water sample and deep water mud sample, and provides strong driving force for scientific research progress.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to an automatic deep-water water and mud sampling device and method, belonging to the technical field of deep-water water and mud sampling equipment. Background Technology

[0002] The development of automated deep-water, multi-layered water and sediment sampling equipment stems primarily from the urgent need for water and sediment quality monitoring. Since deep-water areas are typically far from land, traditional sampling methods such as manual diving are not only inefficient but also pose safety risks. Furthermore, the ecosystems in deep-water areas are more fragile, and once polluted, the recovery period is lengthy; therefore, more timely and accurate monitoring of water and sediment quality is essential.

[0003] Secondly, the development of deep-water multi-layer automated water and sediment sampling equipment is an inevitable trend of technological progress. The continuous development of robotics, automation control, and sensor technologies provides strong technical support for the development of deep-water sampling equipment. By combining these advanced technologies, the equipment can achieve autonomous navigation, precise positioning, automatic sampling, and real-time data transmission, thereby greatly improving sampling efficiency and accuracy.

[0004] Furthermore, the development of deep-water, multi-layer automated water and sediment extraction equipment will also help promote the development of related industries. As the equipment continues to improve and its application scope expands, it will drive the development of related industrial chains, including equipment manufacturing, data analysis, and environmental monitoring, forming a virtuous cycle.

[0005] However, my country currently faces certain technological bottlenecks in deep-water, multi-layer automated water and sediment sampling equipment. Most existing equipment can only collect water and sediment samples from relatively shallow water areas, making sampling in deep water areas quite difficult, and the development of equipment for simultaneous multi-depth water collection is limited. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention discloses an automatic deep-water water and sediment sampling device and method, the specific technical solution of which is as follows:

[0007] A deep-water automatic water and mud sampling device includes a water sampling pipe (6) and a mud sampler (13). The water sampling pipe (6) is a round pipe with sealed ends and is divided into several cavities. Each cavity is provided with a valve core (14) to pressurize and collect water. The mud sampler (13) is located at one end of the water sampling pipe (6). The mud sampler (13) is a cone with a round head and several mud sampling holes around its perimeter. Each mud sampling hole is provided with a mud sampling plate (23). The mud sampling plate (23) blocks the mud sampling hole. When the mud sampler (13) falls to the bottom mud in the deep water, the mud sampling plate (23) pops open and the bottom mud enters the mud sampler (13). When the mud sampler (13) rises away from the bottom mud in the deep water, the mud sampling plate (23) closes the mud sampling hole and seals the collected bottom mud in the mud sampler (13).

[0008] The water collection pipe (6) is provided with a set of symmetrical wings (5) on the outside. The wings (5) are close to the mud collector (13). The mud collector (13) is filled with water, so that the mud collector (13) can plunge downward into the bottom mud underwater.

[0009] Furthermore, a direction controller (12) is provided between the water sampling pipe (6) and the mud sampler (13). The direction controller (12) is in the shape of a round tube, with a motor (30) at the center. The output shaft of the motor (30) is connected to a connecting rod through a reducer. A metal ball (19) is fixed at the end of the connecting rod. The position of the metal ball (19) in the direction controller (12) is controlled by the motor (30).

[0010] Furthermore, the directional controller (12) and the mud sampler (13) are also equipped with a water suction device (29). The water suction device (29) includes a water suction pump (21) installed in the directional controller (12). The water suction pump (21) is located below the motor (30). A sealed cavity is formed between the water suction pump (21) and the inner wall of the directional controller (12) to form a water storage chamber. The water suction pump (21) is connected to a water suction pipe (31), which extends out from the bottom of the mud sampler (13).

[0011] Furthermore, one end of the mud-collecting plate (23) is hinged to the mud-collecting device (13) at the mud-collecting hole, and the opposite end is hinged to one end of the support rod (27). The other end of the support rod (27) is connected to the iron plate (32) fixed to the suction pipe (31). A mud-collecting spring (33) is sleeved on the suction pipe (31) between the iron plate (32) and the direction controller (12).

[0012] One end of the suction pipe (31) connected to the direction controller (12) is connected to a hose (28) or a coaxial sleeve. When the mud-collecting spring (33) is in a relaxed state, the mud-collecting plate (23) is in a closed state. When the suction pipe (31) is squeezed inward from the outside of the mud collector (13), the iron plate (32) moves synchronously towards the direction controller (12) along with the suction pipe (31). The connection end between the support rod (27) and the iron plate (32) is displaced, and the connection end between the support rod (27) and the mud-collecting plate (23) is displaced, pushing the mud-collecting plate (23) outward. When the suction pipe (31) is released, the mud-collecting spring (33), the support rod (27) and the mud-collecting plate (23) are all reset, and the mud-collecting plate (23) closes the mud-collecting hole.

[0013] The end of the suction pipe (31) is connected to a base plate (38) by multiple connecting rods (39). The base plate (38) does not contact the end of the suction pipe (31) and has reserved space.

[0014] Furthermore, the valve core (14) includes a cylindrical valve tube (34), and a spring (17) is axially arranged inside the valve tube (34). One end of the spring (17) is fixed to the outer wall of the water intake pipe (6), and the other end is provided with a baffle (15). The channel between the baffle (15) and the end of the valve tube (34) is called the water inlet pipe (22). The diameter of the water inlet pipe (22) is smaller than the diameter of the baffle (15), and the baffle (15) can seal and block the water inlet pipe (22).

[0015] A pressure hole (18) is provided on the side wall of the valve tube (34). The pressure hole (18) is close to the water intake pipe (6) and is connected to the space of the receiving spring (17) between the baffle (15) and the water intake pipe (6). A horizontal plate (25) is provided on the opposite side of the pressure hole (18). A blocking switch (24) is provided on the horizontal plate (25). The blocking switch (24) is triangular. The side facing the water intake pipe (6) is parallel to the water intake pipe (6), and the side facing the water inlet pipe (22) is inclined. The blocking switch (24) blocks the spring from moving toward the baffle (15).

[0016] A gap is reserved between the horizontal plate (25) and the inner wall of the valve tube (34) to form an air passage. A gap (37) is reserved between the horizontal plate (25) and the cross section of the water inlet pipe (22) facing the water collection pipe (6). The gap (37) is smaller than the thickness of the baffle (15). When the baffle (15) moves to fit against the cross section of the water inlet pipe (22) facing the water collection pipe (6), the baffle (15) blocks the gap (37) reserved by the horizontal plate (25).

[0017] The blocking switch (24) is connected to a controller (34), which controls the blocking switch (24) to rotate, releasing the block on the spring (17) and allowing the spring (17) to pop out toward the baffle (15).

[0018] Furthermore, the horizontal plate (25) has a groove inside on the outward side, and a spring plate (35) is installed in the groove. The spring plate (35) is connected to the controller (34) and performs the action simultaneously with the blocking switch (24). When the blocking switch (24) is released, the spring plate (35) pops out and abuts against the cross-section of the water inlet pipe (22) facing the water collection pipe (6).

[0019] Furthermore, the wing (5) is a hollow, flat rectangular shape, with the flat surface parallel to the axial direction of the water collection pipe (6). Each wing (5) has a flat, semi-circular shape that penetrates the interior of the rectangular body on the side facing the iron fixing device (10). Each wing (5) is provided with a pressurized drainer (23), which is located inside the semi-circular shape of its respective wing (5). Water is filled or drained into the wing (5) through the pressurized drainer (23), and the volume of the wing (5) is greater than the volume of the water collection pipe (6).

[0020] Furthermore, the water intake pipe (6) is also provided with a tail wing (4) on the outside. The end of the tail wing (4) connected to the water intake pipe (6) is a rectangular body with a square or rectangular cross section, and the end of the tail wing (4) is curved in an arc away from the iron fixing device (10).

[0021] Furthermore, the outer wall of the water sampling pipe (6) is provided with a positioning signal transmitter (8) and a data detector (9);

[0022] The outer wall of the water collection pipe (6) is provided with several iron rods (7) and spring rods (16).

[0023] The water and sediment extraction based on the above-mentioned deep-water automatic water and sediment extraction equipment is characterized by including the following steps:

[0024] Step 1: Calculate the water pressure at the required water sampling depth and the pressure that should be applied inside the valve core. Add the corresponding amount of water to the two wings (5) and the water suction device (29) according to the required water sampling amount so that the equipment can be submerged in the water.

[0025] Step 2: Pressurize the pressure hole (18) of the valve core (14) using a pressurizing device. After pressurization, seal the pressure hole (18) so that the baffle (15) inside the valve core (14) is close to the cross section of the water inlet pipe (22) facing the water collection pipe (6), and the diameter of the baffle (15) is larger than the diameter of the water inlet pipe (22), and the thickness of the baffle (15) is larger than the gap (37) reserved by the horizontal plate (25). The baffle (15) blocks the valve core (14).

[0026] Step 3: Pressurize each valve core with the air pressure required for its respective water sampling depth;

[0027] Step 4: Upon reaching the designated area, the equipment is placed in the water. Initially, the gravity is greater than the buoyancy, and the equipment sinks. During the sinking process, one end of the equipment's mud sampler (13) is facing downwards.

[0028] Step 5: Before the equipment reaches the designated depth, the wings begin to drain water to reduce the weight of the deep-water automatic water sampling equipment, thereby slowing its descent speed and enabling it to reach the designated altitude stably.

[0029] Step 6: Under the action of the air pressure inside the valve core and the water pressure outside the water collection pipe (6), the baffle (15) inside the valve core is in a state of force balance. Under the action of the spring, the baffle moves to the inside of the valve core. At this time, water enters the water collection pipe through the gap, and the water collection pipe begins to collect water samples at the specified depth. While the water collection pipe is collecting water, the wings on both sides drain water at the same time to ensure that the equipment is in force balance and can collect water at the specified depth.

[0030] Step 7: The data detector and positioning signal transmitter obtain water temperature, water pressure, and location information and transmit the signals to the satellite;

[0031] Step 8: When the water collection is complete, the controller controls the blocking switch (24) to release, and the baffle (15) is pressed tightly against the water inlet pipe (22) under the action of the spring, which plays the role of sealing and storing. At the same time, the spring plate moves to seal the water inlet pipe.

[0032] Step 9: Stop draining water from both wings or draw water into the wings (5) through the pressurized drainer (26) so that the weight of the equipment is greater than the buoyancy, and the equipment continues to descend;

[0033] Step 10: The equipment descends further to the next designated depth, and steps 4 to 9 above are repeated until all water samples are collected;

[0034] Step 11: The equipment sinks to the bottom of the water, the mud sampler (13) is embedded in the bottom mud, the suction pipe (31) is squeezed towards the inside of the mud sampler (13), the iron plate (32) moves synchronously towards the direction controller (12) along with the suction pipe (31), the connection end of the support rod (27) and the iron plate (32) is displaced, the connection end of the support rod (27) and the mud sampling plate (23) is displaced, pushing the mud sampling plate (23) outward; the bottom mud is soft and flows into the mud sampling hole and enters the mud sampler (13); after the mud sampling is completed, the wings start to drain water to reduce the weight of the equipment, the equipment floats up, and when it leaves the bottom mud, the end of the suction pipe (31) is ejected from the mud sampler (13) by the mud sampling spring (33), the support rod (27) and the mud sampling plate (23) are reset, the mud sampling plate (23) closes the mud sampling hole, and the bottom mud in the mud sampler is sealed;

[0035] Step 12: After the equipment has collected the mud sample, the wings continue to drain water, making the buoyancy of the equipment greater than its weight, and the equipment floats to the surface;

[0036] Step 13: The equipment floats to the surface and is then retrieved.

[0037] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0038] This invention enables the collection of water samples from depths of 50-1000 meters, as well as the collection of bottom sediment.

[0039] The deep-water automatic water and sediment sampling equipment disclosed in this invention is applicable to deep-water areas and features high efficiency, accuracy, and multi-layer automation. It has significant practical significance and application prospects for improving my country's water and sediment quality monitoring level.

[0040] This invention provides a more efficient, accurate, and safe deep-water sampling device, offering strong support for water and sediment monitoring, promoting the sustainable development of ecological and environmental protection, and playing a vital role in protecting the ecological environment. Attached Figure Description

[0041] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the device of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the working process of the valve core in the device of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the mud-collecting process of the mud collector in the device of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of another mud-collecting process state of the mud collector of the device of the present invention.

[0045] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the location of the pressurized drainer inside the wing of the device of the present invention.

[0046] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the spring rod structure of the device of the present invention.

[0047] Figure 7 This is a diagram showing the connection state between the water suction pipe and the base plate of the present invention.

[0048] List of reference numerals: 1—Rope hole, 2—Cover, 3—Handle ring, 4—Tail fin, 5—Wing, 6—Water sampling pipe, 7—Iron rod, 8—Positioning signal transmitter, 9—Data detector, 10—Iron fixing device, 11—Spring lever switch, 12—Direction controller, 13—Mud sampler, 14—Valve core, 15—Baffle, 16—Spring rod, 17—Spring, 18—Pressure hole, 19—Metal ball, 20—… —Hollow pipe, 21—Water suction device, 22—Water inlet pipe, 23—Mud sampling plate, 24—Blocking switch, 25—Horizontal plate, 26—Pressurized drainer, 27—Support rod, 28—Hose, 29—Water suction device, 30—Motor, 31—Water suction pipe, 32—Iron sheet, 33—Mud sampling spring, 34—Controller, 35—Spring plate, 36—Water storage chamber, 37—Gap, 38—Base plate, 39—Connecting rod. Detailed Implementation

[0049] The present invention will be further illustrated below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the following specific embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0050] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention mainly includes: a mud sampler 13, a water sampling pipe 6, and a direction controller 12.

[0051] The water intake pipe 6 is a circular pipe sealed at both ends, internally divided into several cavities. Each cavity is permeated with a valve core 14, which pressurizes the cavity and draws water. See also Figure 1 One end of the water sampling pipe 6 is sealed with a cap 2, and the other end is sealed with an iron fixing device 12. The cap can be an iron cap, screwed in and fixed, or plugged with a threaded connection. It can also be connected by metal thermal expansion. In order to collect water samples from multiple different depths in a single descent, the water sampling pipe 6 is divided into multiple independent cavities. Each cavity collects water independently, and water samples of corresponding pressure and depth are collected by pressing different air pressures in the valve core 14.

[0052] See Figure 2 The specific structure of the valve core is as follows: the valve core 14 includes a round tube-shaped valve tube 34, and a spring 17 is axially arranged inside the valve tube 34. One end of the spring 17 is fixed to the outer wall of the water intake pipe 6, and the other end is provided with a baffle 15. The channel between the baffle 15 and the end of the valve tube 34 is called the water inlet pipe 22. The diameter of the water inlet pipe 22 is smaller than the diameter of the baffle 15, and the baffle 15 can seal and block the water inlet pipe 22.

[0053] A pressurization hole 18 is provided on the side wall of the valve tube 34. The pressurization hole 18 is close to the water intake pipe 6 and is connected to the space between the baffle 15 and the water intake pipe 6 and the receiving spring 17. A horizontal plate 25 is provided on the opposite side of the pressurization hole 18. A blocking switch 24 is provided on the horizontal plate 25. The blocking switch 24 is triangular. The side facing the water intake pipe 6 is parallel to the water intake pipe 6, and the side facing the water inlet pipe 22 is inclined. The blocking switch 24 blocks the spring from moving toward the baffle 15.

[0054] A gap is reserved between the horizontal plate 25 and the inner wall of the valve tube 34 to form an air passage. A gap 37 is reserved between the horizontal plate 25 and the cross section of the water inlet pipe 22 facing the water collection pipe 6. This gap 37 is smaller than the thickness of the baffle 15. When the baffle 15 moves to fit against the cross section of the water inlet pipe 22 facing the water collection pipe 6, the baffle 15 blocks the gap 37 reserved by the horizontal plate 25.

[0055] The blocking switch 24 is connected to the controller 34. The controller 34 controls the blocking switch 24 to rotate, releasing the obstruction of the spring 17 and allowing the spring 17 to pop out toward the baffle 15.

[0056] The horizontal plate 25 has a groove inside on the outward side, and a spring plate 35 is installed in the groove. The spring plate 35 is connected to the controller 34 and performs the action simultaneously with the blocking switch 24. When the blocking switch 24 is released, the spring plate 35 pops out and abuts against the cross-section of the water inlet pipe 22 facing the water collection pipe 6.

[0057] The structure of the mud sampler 13 is described below. The mud sampler 13 is a cone shape with a rounded head. Several mud sampling holes are set around it. Each mud sampling hole is equipped with a mud sampling plate 23. The mud sampling plate 23 blocks the mud sampling hole. When the mud sampler 13 falls into the bottom mud in deep water, the mud sampling plate 23 pops open and the bottom mud enters the mud sampler 13. When the mud sampler 13 rises away from the bottom mud in deep water, the mud sampling plate 23 closes the mud sampling hole and seals the collected bottom mud in the mud sampler 13.

[0058] One end of the mud-collecting plate 23 is hinged to the mud-collecting device 13 at the mud-collecting hole, and the opposite end is hinged to one end of the support rod 27. The other end of the support rod 27 is connected to the iron plate 32 fixed to the suction pipe 31. A mud-collecting spring 33 is sleeved on the suction pipe 31 between the iron plate 32 and the direction controller 12.

[0059] One end of the suction pipe 31 is connected to the directional controller 12 and is connected to a flexible hose 28 or a coaxial sleeve. When the mud-collecting spring 33 is in a relaxed state, the mud-collecting plate 23 is in a closed state. When the suction pipe 31 is squeezed inward from the outside of the mud collector 13, the iron plate 32 moves synchronously towards the directional controller 12 along with the suction pipe 31. The connection end between the support rod 27 and the iron plate 32 is displaced, and the connection end between the support rod 27 and the mud-collecting plate 23 is displaced, pushing the mud-collecting plate 23 outward. When the suction pipe 31 is released, the mud-collecting spring 33, the support rod 27 and the mud-collecting plate 23 are all reset, and the mud-collecting plate 23 closes the mud-collecting hole.

[0060] See Figure 3 and 4 The mud-collecting plate 23 can be hinged to the edge of the mud-collecting hole at either the upper or lower end, and hinged to the support rod at the other end. The end of the mud-collecting plate 23 hinged to the support rod is the same in the same mud-collecting device. Figure 3 Suitable for sampling thin mud, the upper end of the sampling plate is hinged to the support rod, and the lower end is hinged to the edge of the sampling hole. During sampling, the thin mud flows into the sampling hole along the sampling plate. Figure 4 Suitable for collecting hard mud, the lower end of the mud collecting plate is hinged to the support rod, and the upper end is hinged to the edge of the mud collecting hole. During mud collecting, the hard mud is scooped into the mud collecting hole by the mud collecting plate.

[0061] To ensure that the suction pipe 31 is pushed into the mud sampler 13 when it lands on the seabed, the mud sampler plate of the mud sampler 13 will open, and mud collection will be achieved. At the end of the suction pipe 31, a base plate 38 is connected via multiple connecting rods 39. (See attached image.) Figure 7 A certain gap is reserved between the bottom plate 38 and the end of the suction pipe 31 to ensure that the normal use of the suction pipe 31 is not affected. The bottom plate 38 increases the contact area with the bottom mud, so even if it is thin mud, it will push the suction pipe 31 into the mud sampler 13, complete the opening and automatic closing of the mud sampler plate, and realize mud sampling.

[0062] The direction controller 12 is described below. The direction controller 12 is in the shape of a cylindrical tube, with a motor 30 set in the center. The output shaft of the motor 30 is connected to a connecting rod through a reducer. A metal ball 19 is fixed at the end of the connecting rod. The position of the metal ball 19 in the direction controller 12 is controlled by the motor 30, thereby changing the center of gravity of the equipment and thus changing the tilt angle and attitude of the equipment underwater.

[0063] To assist in controlling the underwater movement of the equipment, a water suction device 29 is also provided. The water suction device 29 includes a water suction unit 21 housed within the direction controller 12, located below the motor 30. A sealed cavity, the water suction unit 21, is formed between its periphery and the inner wall of the direction controller 12, serving as a water storage chamber 36. The water suction unit 21 is connected to a water suction pipe 31, which extends from the bottom of the mud sampler 13. The water suction device 29 increases the weight of the mud-collecting end of the equipment by sucking water into the water storage chamber 36, thereby controlling the mud-collecting end to point downwards. During operation, the water suction device 29 is filled with water to allow the equipment to sink, and emptied of water to allow the equipment to float.

[0064] Similarly, the water sampling pipe 6 of the present invention is provided with a set of symmetrical wings 5 ​​on the outside. The wings 5 ​​are close to the mud sampler 13, which is filled with water, so that the mud sampler 13 can plunge downward into the bottom mud underwater.

[0065] The wing 5 is a hollow, flat rectangular shape, with the flat surface parallel to the axial direction of the water intake pipe 6. Each wing 5 has a flat, semi-circular shape that runs through the interior of the rectangular body on the side facing the iron fixing device 10. Each wing 5 is equipped with a pressurized drainer 23, which is located within the semi-circular shape of its respective wing 5. Figure 5 The location of the pressurized drainer 23 on the wing 5 is given. Water is filled or drained into the wing 5 through the pressurized drainer 23. The volume of the wing 5 is larger than the volume of the water collection pipe 6.

[0066] The water intake pipe 6 is also equipped with a tail fin 4. The end of the tail fin 4 that connects to the water intake pipe 6 is a rectangular shape with a square or rectangular cross-section. The end of the tail fin 4 is curved in an arc away from the iron fixing device 10. The tail fin 4 is not filled with water and is used to adjust buoyancy so that the equipment can eventually float to the water surface.

[0067] To collect underwater information, a positioning signal transmitter 8 and a data detector 9 are installed on the outer wall of the water sampling pipe 6. The data detector is an electronic detector that detects and stores water pressure and temperature data. It is fixed to an iron fixture. A MY18E20 high-precision temperature sensor chip is used to measure water temperature, and an MS5837-30BA digital pressure sensor is used to measure water pressure and depth. Both are connected to the positioning signal transmitter, and the data is transmitted to GPS satellites via the positioning transmitter. The positioning signal transmitter is an electronic transmitter with a GPS positioning system, capable of transmitting signals to GPS satellites. It is fixed to the iron fixture in the same position as the data detector. A McMurdo SmartFind S20 model can be used, which has a built-in GPS and 406MHz satellite communication module, and can automatically activate and send precise location information in deep water.

[0068] To ensure the stability of the water sampling pipe 6 in the underwater environment and prevent damage from vibration or oscillation, several iron rods 7 and spring rods 16 are installed on the outer wall of the water sampling pipe 6 to enhance its structural stability. This patent embodiment provides two iron rods, distributed on both sides of the water sampling pipe 6. The two iron rods are of fixed length, and their upper and lower ends are respectively connected and fixed to the cover 2 and the iron fixing device 10, providing a stable connection between the water sampling pipe 6, the cover 2, and the iron fixing device 10. Simultaneously, the iron rods 7, fixed externally to the equipment, can bear some of the pressure, preventing significant deformation of the equipment under the immense underwater pressure. The spring rods 14 are located on one side of the water sampling pipe 6 and can be replaced with spring rods of different elastic limits. Under immense water pressure, the spring rods stabilize the instrument itself, preventing deformation caused by changes in water pressure. By opening and closing the external spring rod switch, spring rods of different elastic limits can be used to adapt to the severe vibrations caused by pressure differences during descent, achieving vibration reduction. The spring rod is a rod with a spring section. Figure 6 A structural example of a spring rod is given. Two rings are installed on the outside of the water intake pipe 6, and the spring rod is inserted into the two rings. One of the rings is equipped with a spring switch. After the spring rod is inserted into the preset position, it is fixed by the spring rod switch 11. The spring rod switch 11 is a clamping structure like an adjusting nut or a pin structure. Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the spring switch is provided. When it is necessary to replace the spring rod 14 based on comprehensive information such as the water depth and water flow and quality at the water intake point, open the spring rod switch 11, remove the original spring rod 14, replace it with the required spring rod 14, and then close the spring rod switch 11.

[0069] For easy carrying and handling, a carrying handle 3 and a rope hole 1 are also provided on the outside of the water collection pipe. A rope can be threaded through the rope hole 1 for easy carrying.

[0070] To clearly demonstrate this patent, the functions of each component involved in this patent will be described below in turn:

[0071] Rope Hole 1: This hole is used to wind ropes. In shallow water, ropes can be used to pull up equipment, while in deep water, ropes are not needed.

[0072] Cover 2: Seal the water intake pipe.

[0073] Hand loop 3: Allows you to carry the device by hand, making it easy to carry.

[0074] Tail fin 4: The tail fin is streamlined and located on the side of the water intake pipe, resembling a fish tail. It serves to reduce drag and facilitates underwater gliding.

[0075] Wing 5: Streamlined in shape, located on both sides of the water intake pipe, resembling a shark fin, it serves to reduce drag and facilitate underwater gliding. Its interior is hollow; before operation, it is filled with water, which can be drained using a pressurized drainer, reducing gravity and allowing it to float. The wings are retractable; when buoyancy is needed, the wings can be extended to increase buoyancy.

[0076] Water sampling pipe 6: The water sampling pipe is used to collect and store water samples.

[0077] Iron rod 7: Secure the equipment to prevent deformation.

[0078] Positioning signal transmitter 8: The positioning signal transmitter is an electronic transmitter equipped with the BeiDou satellite positioning system and can transmit signals to the BeiDou satellite.

[0079] Data Detector 9: The data detector is an electronic detector that can detect and store data such as water depth, water pressure, water temperature, and water volume.

[0080] Iron fastener 10: The iron fastener connects the upper and lower parts of the equipment, namely the water intake pipe 6 and the direction controller 12.

[0081] Spring lever switch 11: This switch is used to control the length of the spring lever and to switch between spring levers with different elastic limits.

[0082] Direction controller 12: includes a metal ball and a motor, used to adjust the center of gravity of the equipment and adjust the attitude of the equipment in the water.

[0083] Water suction device 13: partially stores water, drains water, adjusts the weight of the mud-collecting end of the equipment, and assists in adjusting the center of gravity of the equipment.

[0084] Valve core 14: Allows water at the corresponding depth to enter the water sampling pipe 6, and after the water sample is collected, prevents water from entering the inlet pipe and also prevents internal water from coming out.

[0085] Baffle 15: Connected to the spring, it mainly serves as a seal and controls the water collection switch.

[0086] Spring rod 16: On the outer coaxial side of the water intake pipe, springs with different elastic limits can be replaced. Under huge water pressure, the spring rod is used to stabilize the equipment itself and prevent the equipment from deforming due to changes in water pressure.

[0087] Slurry spring 33: Connected to the baffle, it serves to reset the slurry plate after slurry extraction.

[0088] Pressure port 18: Apply pressure to the pressure port, see [link / reference] Figure 2 This ensures that the baffle fits tightly against the water inlet pipe that connects the right and lower sides, thus achieving a sealing effect.

[0089] Metal ball 19: Rotates in position within the direction controller 12 to adjust the movement trajectory of the device.

[0090] Hollow duct 20: Located around the motor 30 in the direction controller 12, it provides movement space for the metal ball 19. The metal ball can move inside, causing the overall center of gravity of the equipment to shift, thus achieving turning. The hollow state reduces energy loss due to friction.

[0091] Water suction device 21: Water suction device 21 can draw water to change the force state of the equipment under the action of the battery, thereby changing the movement state of the equipment.

[0092] Water inlet pipe 22: The channel through which water from the chamber vent core enters the water intake pipe.

[0093] Mud sheet 23: Combined Figure 3 When collecting mud, the mud collecting plate 23 is opened; when not collecting mud, the mud collecting plate 23 is closed.

[0094] Blocking switch 24: Before the equipment is lowered into the water and before the water collection ends, the blocking switch is in the open state. When the equipment reaches the designated depth for water collection, the baffle moves under the action of water pressure. When the sensor detects that the water collection pipe has collected all the water samples, the blocking switch closes, the spring pops out, and pushes the baffle outward to block the water inlet, preventing water from entering the water collection pipe during the equipment's ascent and causing the water sample to be contaminated.

[0095] Horizontal plate 25: Controlled by sensors, when the water sampling pipe has finished collecting water samples, it moves to close the water inlet to prevent water from entering the water sampling pipe during the equipment's ascent, thus preventing water from contaminating the water sample.

[0096] Pressurized drain 26: Before entering the water body, fill the wing 5 with water. When the equipment needs to float, drain the water from the wing to reduce gravity.

[0097] Support rod 27: Opens or retracts the mud-collecting plate.

[0098] Hose 28: When the suction pipe 31 falls onto the bottom mud and is lifted up, the hose 28 deforms, giving the suction pipe 31 room to move upward.

[0099] Water suction device 29: Used to suction water storage to increase equipment weight and change the center of gravity.

[0100] Motor 30: Used to control the movement of the metal ball.

[0101] Suction pipe 31: Used to provide inlet and outlet water pipes to the suction device 29, and also to open the mud sampling plate of the mud sampler during mud sampling.

[0102] Iron plate 32: Used to provide a fixed point for the installation of mud-digging spring 33.

[0103] Mud-collecting spring 33: Used to stabilize the position of the suction pipe 31. During mud collection, it is compressed, and the iron plate 32 and the support rod 27 move up synchronously to open the mud-collecting plate.

[0104] Controller 34: Controls the blocking switch 24 and the spring plate 35.

[0105] Spring plate 35: After it pops out, it seals the valve core, preventing water from entering or leaving the valve.

[0106] Water storage chamber 36: Provides water storage space for water pumping device 29.

[0107] Gap 37: Channel for water to enter the valve core.

[0108] The method of this invention is specifically as follows:

[0109] Step 1: Fill wings 5 ​​with water;

[0110] Step 2: Pressurize each valve core with the air pressure required for its respective water sampling depth;

[0111] Step 3: Upon reaching the designated area, the equipment is placed in the water. Initially, the gravity is greater than the buoyancy, and the equipment sinks. During the sinking process, one end of the equipment's mud sampler 13 faces downwards.

[0112] Step 4: Before the equipment reaches the designated depth, the wings begin to drain water to reduce the weight of the deep-water automatic water sampling equipment, thereby slowing its descent speed and enabling it to reach the designated altitude stably.

[0113] Step 5: Under the action of the air pressure inside the valve core and the water pressure outside the water collection pipe 6, the baffle 15 inside the valve core is in a state of force balance. Under the action of the spring, the baffle moves inward to the valve core. At this time, water enters the water collection pipe through the gap, and the water collection pipe begins to collect water samples at the specified depth. While the water collection pipe is collecting water, the wings on both sides drain water at the same time to ensure that the equipment is in force balance and can collect water at the specified depth.

[0114] Step 6: The data detector and positioning signal transmitter obtain water temperature, water pressure, and location information and transmit the signals to the satellite;

[0115] Step 7: When the water collection is complete, the controller controls the blocking switch 24 to release, and the baffle 15 is pressed tightly against the water inlet pipe 22 under the action of the spring, which plays the role of sealing and storing. At the same time, the spring plate moves to seal the water inlet pipe.

[0116] Step 8: Stop draining water from both wings or draw water inwards from the wings 5 ​​through the pressurized drainers 26, so that the weight of the equipment is greater than the buoyancy, and the equipment continues to descend;

[0117] Step 9: The equipment descends further to the next designated depth, and steps 4 to 8 are repeated until all water samples are collected;

[0118] Step 10: The equipment sinks to the bottom of the water, the mud sampler 13 is embedded in the bottom mud, the suction pipe 31 is squeezed towards the inside of the mud sampler 13, the iron plate 32 moves synchronously towards the direction controller 12 along with the suction pipe 31, the connection end of the support rod 27 and the iron plate 32 is displaced, the connection end of the support rod 27 and the mud sampling plate 23 is displaced, pushing the mud sampling plate 23 outward; the bottom mud is soft and flows into the mud sampling hole and enters the mud sampler 13; after the mud sampling is completed, the wings start to drain water to reduce the weight of the equipment, the equipment floats up and leaves the bottom mud, the end of the suction pipe 31 is ejected from the mud sampler 13 by the mud sampling spring 33, the support rod 27 and the mud sampling plate 23 are reset, the mud sampling plate 23 closes the mud sampling hole, and the bottom mud in the mud sampler is sealed;

[0119] Step 11: After the equipment has collected the mud sample, the wings continue to drain water, making the buoyancy of the equipment greater than its weight, and the equipment floats to the surface;

[0120] Step 12: The equipment floats to the surface and is then retrieved.

[0121] When the device is underwater, the tilt angle and movement trajectory of the device, as well as the attitude of the device, are adjusted in real time by the direction controller 12 and the water suction device 29 to ensure that the mud sampler can vertically penetrate the bottom mud during mud sampling.

[0122] The term "connection" as used in this application can mean a direct connection between components or an indirect connection between components through other components.

[0123] Based on the above-described preferred embodiments of the present invention, and through the foregoing description, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the inventive concept. The technical scope of this invention is not limited to the contents of the specification, but must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A deep-water automatic water and sediment extraction device, characterized in that, The system includes a water collection pipe (6) and a mud collector (13). The water collection pipe (6) is a round pipe with sealed ends and is divided into several cavities. Each cavity is connected to a valve core (14), which pressurizes the cavity and collects water. The mud collector (13) is located at one end of the water collection pipe (6). The mud collector (13) is a cone with a round head and several mud collection holes around it. Each mud collection hole is equipped with a mud collection plate (23). The mud collection plate (23) blocks the mud collection hole. When the mud collector (13) falls to the bottom mud in deep water, the mud collection plate (23) pops open and the bottom mud enters the mud collector (13). When the mud collector (13) rises away from the bottom mud in deep water, the mud collection plate (23) closes the mud collection hole and seals the collected bottom mud in the mud collector (13). The water collection pipe (6) is provided with a set of symmetrical wings (5) on the outside. The wings (5) are close to the mud collector (13). The mud collector (13) is filled with water, so that the mud collector (13) can plunge downward into the bottom mud underwater.

2. The deep-water automatic water and sediment extraction equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, A directional controller (12) is provided between the water intake pipe (6) and the mud sampler (13). The directional controller (12) is in the shape of a round tube, with a motor (30) in the center. The output shaft of the motor (30) is connected to a connecting rod through a reducer. A metal ball (19) is fixed at the end of the connecting rod. The position of the metal ball (19) in the directional controller (12) is controlled by the motor (30).

3. The deep-water automatic water and sediment extraction equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that, The directional controller (12) and the mud sampler (13) are also equipped with a water suction device (29). The water suction device (29) includes a water suction unit (21) installed in the directional controller (12). The water suction unit (21) is located below the motor (30). A sealed cavity is formed between the water suction unit (21) and the inner wall of the directional controller (12) to form a water storage chamber. The water suction unit (21) is connected to a water suction pipe (31), which extends out from the bottom of the mud sampler (13).

4. The deep-water automatic water and sediment extraction equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, One end of the mud-collecting plate (23) is hinged to the mud-collecting device (13) at the mud-collecting hole, and the opposite end is hinged to one end of the support rod (27). The other end of the support rod (27) is connected to the iron plate (32) fixed to the suction pipe (31). A mud-collecting spring (33) is sleeved on the suction pipe (31) between the iron plate (32) and the direction controller (12). One end of the suction pipe (31) connected to the direction controller (12) is connected to a hose (28) or a coaxial sleeve. When the mud-collecting spring (33) is in a relaxed state, the mud-collecting plate (23) is in a closed state. When the suction pipe (31) is squeezed inward from the outside of the mud collector (13), the iron plate (32) moves synchronously towards the direction controller (12) along with the suction pipe (31). The connection end between the support rod (27) and the iron plate (32) is displaced, and the connection end between the support rod (27) and the mud-collecting plate (23) is displaced, pushing the mud-collecting plate (23) outward. When the suction pipe (31) is released, the mud-collecting spring (33), the support rod (27) and the mud-collecting plate (23) are all reset, and the mud-collecting plate (23) closes the mud-collecting hole. The end of the suction pipe (31) is connected to a base plate (38) by multiple connecting rods (39). The base plate (38) does not contact the end of the suction pipe (31) and has reserved space.

5. The deep-water automatic water and sediment extraction equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The valve core (14) includes a cylindrical valve tube with a spring (17) axially arranged inside. One end of the spring (17) is fixed to the outer wall of the water intake pipe (6), and the other end is provided with a baffle (15). The channel between the baffle (15) and the end of the valve tube is called the water inlet pipe (22). The diameter of the water inlet pipe (22) is smaller than the diameter of the baffle (15), and the baffle (15) can seal and block the water inlet pipe (22). A pressure hole (18) is provided on the side wall of the valve tube. The pressure hole (18) is close to the water intake pipe (6) and is connected to the space of the receiving spring (17) between the baffle (15) and the water intake pipe (6). A horizontal plate (25) is provided on the opposite side of the pressure hole (18). A blocking switch (24) is provided on the horizontal plate (25). The blocking switch (24) is triangular. The side facing the water intake pipe (6) is parallel to the water intake pipe (6), and the side facing the water inlet pipe (22) is inclined. The blocking switch (24) blocks the spring from moving toward the baffle (15). A gap is reserved between the horizontal plate (25) and the inner wall of the valve tube to form an air passage. A gap (37) is reserved between the horizontal plate (25) and the cross section of the water inlet pipe (22) facing the water collection pipe (6). The gap (37) is smaller than the thickness of the baffle (15). When the baffle (15) moves to fit against the cross section of the water inlet pipe (22) facing the water collection pipe (6), the baffle (15) blocks the gap (37) reserved by the horizontal plate (25). The blocking switch (24) is connected to a controller (34), which controls the blocking switch (24) to rotate, releasing the block on the spring (17) and allowing the spring (17) to pop out toward the baffle (15).

6. The deep-water automatic water and sediment extraction equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that, The horizontal plate (25) has a groove on the outward side, and a spring plate (35) is installed in the groove. The spring plate (35) is connected to the controller (34) and performs the action simultaneously with the blocking switch (24). When the blocking switch (24) is released, the spring plate (35) pops out and abuts against the cross-section of the water inlet pipe (22) facing the water collection pipe (6).

7. The deep-water automatic water and sediment extraction equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The wing (5) is a hollow, flat rectangular shape with the flat surface parallel to the axial direction of the water collection pipe (6). Each wing (5) has a flat semi-circular shape that runs through the interior of the rectangular body on the side facing the iron fixing device (10). Each wing (5) is provided with a pressurized drainer (26), which is located inside the semi-circular shape of its respective wing (5). Water is filled or drained into the wing (5) through the pressurized drainer (26). The volume of the wing (5) is greater than the volume of the water collection pipe (6).

8. The deep-water automatic water and sediment extraction equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water intake pipe (6) is also provided with a tail wing (4). The end of the tail wing (4) connected to the water intake pipe (6) is a rectangular body with a square or rectangular cross section. The end of the tail wing (4) is curved in an arc away from the iron fixing device (10).

9. The deep-water automatic water and sediment extraction equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer wall of the water sampling pipe (6) is equipped with a positioning signal transmitter (8) and a data detector (9). The outer wall of the water collection pipe (6) is provided with several iron rods (7) and spring rods (16).

10. A water and sediment extraction method based on the deep-water automatic water and sediment extraction equipment according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Calculate the water pressure required for the water sampling depth and the pressure that should be applied inside the valve core. Add the corresponding amount of water to the two wings (5) and the water suction device (29) according to the required water sampling amount so that the equipment can be submerged in the water. Step 2: Pressurize the pressure hole (18) of the valve core (14) using a pressurizing device. After pressurization, seal the pressure hole (18) so that the baffle (15) inside the valve core (14) is close to the cross section of the water inlet pipe (22) facing the water collection pipe (6), and the diameter of the baffle (15) is larger than the diameter of the water inlet pipe (22), and the thickness of the baffle (15) is larger than the gap (37) reserved by the horizontal plate (25). The baffle (15) seals the valve core (14). Step 3: Pressurize each valve core with the air pressure required for its respective water sampling depth; Step 4: Upon reaching the designated area, the equipment is placed in the water. Initially, the gravity is greater than the buoyancy, and the equipment sinks. During the sinking process, one end of the equipment's mud sampler (13) is facing downwards. Step 5: Before the equipment reaches the designated depth, the wings begin to drain water to reduce the weight of the deep-water automatic water sampling equipment, thereby slowing its descent speed and enabling it to reach the designated altitude stably. Step 6: Under the action of the air pressure inside the valve core and the water pressure outside the water collection pipe (6), the baffle (15) inside the valve core is in a state of force balance. Under the action of the spring, the baffle moves to the inside of the valve core. At this time, water enters the water collection pipe through the gap, and the water collection pipe begins to collect water samples at the specified depth. While the water collection pipe is collecting water, the wings on both sides drain water at the same time to ensure that the equipment is in force balance and can collect water at the specified depth. Step 7: The data detector and positioning signal transmitter obtain water temperature, water pressure, and location information and transmit the signals to the satellite; Step 8: When the water collection is complete, the controller controls the blocking switch (24) to release, and the baffle (15) is pressed tightly against the water inlet pipe (22) under the action of the spring, which plays the role of sealing and storing. At the same time, the spring plate moves to seal the water inlet pipe. Step 9: Stop draining water from both wings or draw water into the wings (5) through the pressurized drainer (26) so that the weight of the equipment is greater than the buoyancy, and the equipment continues to descend; Step 10: The equipment descends further to the next designated depth, and steps 4 to 9 above are repeated until all water samples are collected; Step 11: The equipment sinks to the bottom of the water, the mud sampler (13) is embedded in the bottom mud, the suction pipe (31) is squeezed towards the inside of the mud sampler (13), the iron plate (32) moves synchronously towards the direction controller (12) along with the suction pipe (31), the connection end of the support rod (27) and the iron plate (32) is displaced, the connection end of the support rod (27) and the mud sampling plate (23) is displaced, pushing the mud sampling plate (23) outward; the bottom mud is soft and flows into the mud sampling hole and enters the mud sampler (13); after the mud sampling is completed, the wings start to drain water to reduce the weight of the equipment, the equipment floats up, and when it leaves the bottom mud, the end of the suction pipe (31) is ejected from the mud sampler (13) by the mud sampling spring (33), the support rod (27) and the mud sampling plate (23) are reset, the mud sampling plate (23) closes the mud sampling hole, and the bottom mud in the mud sampler is sealed; Step 12: After the equipment has collected the mud sample, the wings continue to drain water, making the buoyancy of the equipment greater than its weight, and the equipment floats to the surface; Step 13: The equipment floats to the surface and is then retrieved.

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