A dynamic power quality monitoring and early warning system and method

Abstract

This invention discloses a dynamic power quality monitoring and early warning system and method, relating to the field of power quality monitoring technology. The system includes: a multi-point data monitoring module for acquiring power parameter data detected by power sensors installed at different locations in the power grid; a signal relay processing module for receiving power parameter data transmitted from the multi-point data monitoring module and performing preprocessing and transmission processing on the power parameter data; a data analysis module for receiving the preprocessed and transmitted power parameter data from the signal relay processing module and analyzing the received power parameter data to obtain the corresponding comprehensive power quality index; and an early warning module for obtaining a judgment result on whether the power quality is qualified based on preset judgment conditions. If the judgment result is unqualified, an early warning mechanism is triggered. This system achieves comprehensive monitoring and timely early warning of power quality, providing strong support for the stable operation and sustainable development of the power system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of power quality monitoring technology, and more specifically, to a dynamic power quality monitoring and early warning system and a monitoring and early warning method. Background Technology

[0002] In power systems, power quality is a crucial indicator for measuring the stability and reliability of power supply. It encompasses multiple aspects, including voltage, current, frequency, and waveform, and directly affects the stable operation of the power grid, the normal operation of equipment, and the user's electricity experience. With the rapid development of power electronics technology and the large-scale integration of new energy sources, power grid structures are becoming increasingly complex, and power quality issues are becoming increasingly prominent.

[0003] Most existing power quality monitoring systems use single monitoring devices or simple data acquisition units, which lack sufficient data processing capabilities, making it difficult to efficiently and accurately analyze and process the collected data. This results in monitoring results that are often incomplete and inaccurate, failing to provide strong data support for the operation and maintenance of the power grid.

[0004] Meanwhile, with the development of smart grids, the requirements for power quality monitoring are becoming increasingly stringent. Smart grids need to achieve real-time monitoring, early warning, and decision support for grid conditions, which demands that power quality monitoring systems possess higher levels of intelligence, automation, and integration. In recent years, researchers have proposed various power quality monitoring methods, such as wavelet transform-based methods, fuzzy logic-based methods, and neural network-based methods. However, these methods still face some challenges in practical applications, such as sensitivity to parameter selection, high computational complexity, and limited generalization ability, making it difficult to meet the development needs of smart grids.

[0005] In view of the above situation, the present invention aims to provide a new solution to this problem. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a dynamic power quality monitoring and early warning system and method to solve the problems existing in the background art.

[0007] The above-mentioned technical objective of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0008] In a first aspect, this application provides a dynamic power quality monitoring and early warning system, which includes:

[0009] The multi-point data monitoring module is used to acquire power parameter data detected by power sensors installed at different locations in the power grid;

[0010] The signal relay processing module is used to receive the power parameter data transmitted by the multi-point data monitoring module, and to preprocess and transmit the power parameter data.

[0011] The data analysis module receives the power parameter data from the signal relay processing module after preprocessing and transmission processing, and analyzes the received power parameter data to obtain the corresponding comprehensive power quality index.

[0012] The early warning module determines whether the power quality is qualified based on the comprehensive power quality index and preset judgment conditions. If the judgment result is that the power quality is unqualified, an early warning mechanism is triggered.

[0013] The signal relay processing module includes:

[0014] The data receiving unit is used to receive power parameter data transmitted by the multi-point data monitoring module;

[0015] The signal preprocessing unit is used to preprocess the received electrical energy parameter data, and the preprocessing includes filtering, amplification and shaping.

[0016] The data transmission unit is used to transmit the preprocessed electrical energy parameter data to the data analysis module via wired or wireless means.

[0017] Based on the above technical solution, the present invention can be further improved as follows.

[0018] Furthermore, the aforementioned signal preprocessing unit includes:

[0019] A pre-filter is used to remove high-frequency noise and interference from the data signal output by the power sensor, while retaining useful low-frequency signals;

[0020] The main amplifier is used to amplify the filtered data signal, increasing its amplitude and intensity.

[0021] Gain matching components are used to dynamically adjust the gain parameters of the main amplifier and ensure that the signals output by different power sensors are consistent in amplitude range.

[0022] Furthermore, the aforementioned pre-filter includes resistors R1 and R2 and capacitor C1, wherein:

[0023] One end of resistor R1 is connected to the signal output terminal of the multi-point data monitoring module, and the other end of resistor R1 is connected in series with resistor R2 and capacitor C1. The other end of capacitor C1 is grounded.

[0024] Furthermore, the aforementioned main amplifier includes an operational amplifier U1. The non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier U1 is connected to the other end of the resistor R1, the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier U1 is connected to the adjustment terminal of the gain matching component, and the output terminal of the operational amplifier U1 is connected to the anode of the diode D1 through the resistor R3. The cathode of the diode D1 is connected to the input terminal of the gain matching component and is connected to the data transmission unit through the resistor R7.

[0025] Furthermore, the aforementioned gain matching component includes:

[0026] A sampling buffer is used to sample the output signal of the main amplifier and perform buffering and stabilization processing.

[0027] Amplifier and shaper is used to amplify and shape the sampled signal from the sampling buffer.

[0028] Field-effect transistor Q1 has its gate receiving the output signal from the amplifier and shaper, its drain connected to the inverting input of operational amplifier U1, and its source grounded.

[0029] Furthermore, the aforementioned sampling buffer includes resistor R4, resistor R5, and capacitor C2, wherein:

[0030] One end of resistor R4 and one end of capacitor C2 are both connected to the cathode of diode D1. The other end of capacitor C2 is connected to one end of resistor R5. The other ends of resistor R4 and the other ends of resistor R5 are connected to an amplifier and shaper.

[0031] Furthermore, the aforementioned amplification and shaping device includes an operational amplifier U2. The inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier U2 is connected to the other end of resistor R4 and the other end of resistor R5, and is grounded through resistor R6. The non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier U2 is grounded. The output terminal of the operational amplifier U2 is connected to the gate of the field-effect transistor Q1. A capacitor C3 is also provided between the inverting input terminal and the output terminal of the operational amplifier U2.

[0032] Secondly, this application provides a dynamic power quality monitoring and early warning method, applied to a dynamic power quality monitoring and early warning system according to any one of the first aspects, comprising the following specific steps:

[0033] Power sensors are deployed at different locations in the power grid, and power parameter data detected by the power sensors are acquired through a multi-point data monitoring module.

[0034] The power parameter data is preprocessed using the signal relay processing module, and the preprocessed power parameter data is then transmitted to the data analysis module.

[0035] The data analysis module standardizes the received power parameter data and analyzes it to obtain the corresponding comprehensive power quality index; specifically:

[0036] Contrarian Indicators: In the formula, Indicates the first In the nth sample The original values ​​of each indicator and They represent the first The maximum and minimum values ​​of each indicator. Indicates the first The standardized value of each indicator;

[0037] Using standardized power parameter data, the proportion, entropy value and weight of each indicator in the power parameter data are calculated, and the comprehensive power quality index is calculated based on the weight of each indicator in the power parameter data and the standardized value.

[0038] The early warning module is used to determine whether the comprehensive power quality index is qualified: if the comprehensive power quality index is not less than the preset value, the power quality is qualified; if the comprehensive power quality index is less than the preset value, the power quality is unqualified.

[0039] Furthermore, the proportions, entropy values, and weights of the above indicators are obtained in the following ways:

[0040] The weighting of each indicator is as follows: In the formula, This indicates the first in the electrical energy parameter data. The first sample The proportion of the standardized value of an indicator to the sum of the standardized values ​​of all samples of that indicator;

[0041] The entropy values ​​of each indicator are as follows: In the formula, Indicates the first The entropy value of each indicator, Indicates the first The weight of each indicator, where n represents the sample size. ;

[0042] The weights of each indicator are as follows: ,in: In the formula, Indicates the first The weight of each indicator, Indicates the first The degree of dispersion of each indicator Indicates the first The entropy value of each indicator.

[0043] Furthermore, the aforementioned comprehensive power quality index is as follows:

[0044] ;

[0045] In the formula, This represents the comprehensive power quality index corresponding to the power parameter data. Indicates the first The weight of each indicator, Indicates the first The standardized values ​​of each indicator.

[0046] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0047] This application addresses the shortcomings of existing power quality monitoring systems, such as insufficient data processing capabilities and incomplete or inaccurate monitoring results, by proposing significant technical advantages. First, through the collaborative operation of a multi-point data monitoring module and a signal relay processing module, real-time and efficient acquisition and preprocessing of power parameters at different locations within the power grid are achieved, significantly improving data integrity and usability. Second, the data analysis module employs methods such as standardization, proportion calculation, entropy calculation, and weight allocation to comprehensively evaluate power quality, ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the evaluation results. Finally, the early warning module promptly triggers an early warning mechanism based on the evaluation results, providing strong data support and decision-making basis for power grid operation and management. The technical solution of this application not only improves the intelligence, automation, and integration level of power quality monitoring but also achieves comprehensive monitoring and timely early warning of power quality, providing a strong guarantee for the stable operation and sustainable development of the power system. Attached Figure Description

[0048] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of embodiments of the invention and form part of this application, do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0049] Figure 1 This is a structural block diagram of the dynamic power quality monitoring and early warning system in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 2 This is a structural connection block diagram of the signal relay processing module and the data analysis module in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 3 This is a circuit diagram of the signal preprocessing unit in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 4 This is a flowchart of the monitoring and early warning method in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0053] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0054] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0055] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0056] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, "multiple" means at least two.

[0057] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0058] Example 1: To address the challenges faced by current wavelet transform-based, fuzzy logic-based, and neural network-based methods, such as sensitivity to parameter selection, high computational complexity, and limited generalization ability, which prevent their implementation and thus hinder their ability to meet the development needs of smart grids, this example provides a dynamic power quality monitoring and early warning system, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the monitoring and early warning system includes:

[0059] The multi-point data monitoring module is used to acquire power parameter data detected by power sensors installed at different locations in the power grid.

[0060] The power sensor includes a current monitoring probe and a voltage monitoring probe. These two probes are used to monitor the current and voltage parameters in the power grid and output these data in the form of analog signals.

[0061] Furthermore, the monitoring and early warning system also includes a signal relay processing module, which is used to receive power parameter data transmitted by the multi-point data monitoring module, and to preprocess and transmit the power parameter data.

[0062] The signal relay processing module is responsible for receiving data from the multi-point data monitoring module and performing necessary preprocessing and transmission processing to ensure data integrity and availability.

[0063] Furthermore, the aforementioned signal relay processing module may include:

[0064] The data receiving unit is used to receive power parameter data transmitted by the multi-point data monitoring module.

[0065] The data receiving unit needs to receive data from multiple power sensors simultaneously. To ensure data accuracy and real-time performance, the data receiving unit adopts a multi-channel parallel processing approach, with each channel independently receiving data from one sensor. The received data is identified and classified according to the source channel, and then allocated to different processing queues or buffers for further processing.

[0066] Furthermore, to ensure the accuracy of power data acquisition, a signal preprocessing unit is used to perform necessary processing on the raw signals received from the power sensor to improve signal quality; such as... Figure 2 As shown, the signal relay processing module also includes a signal preprocessing unit, which is used to preprocess the received power parameter data. The preprocessing includes filtering, amplification and shaping.

[0067] Optionally, the above signal preprocessing unit includes:

[0068] A pre-filter is used to remove high-frequency noise and interference from the data signal output by the power sensor, while retaining the useful low-frequency signal; the pre-filter includes resistors R1 and R2 and capacitor C1, as follows: Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, where:

[0069] One end of resistor R1 is connected to the signal output terminal of the multi-point data monitoring module, and the other end of resistor R1 is connected in series with resistor R2 and capacitor C1. The other end of capacitor C1 is grounded.

[0070] In its operation, the pre-filter utilizes the RC low-pass filtering principle to remove high-frequency noise and interference from the signal, allowing only low-frequency useful signals to pass through. The filtered signal is output from the filter's output terminal, ready to enter the next stage of processing by the main amplifier. The non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier U1 in the main amplifier receives the signal from the pre-filter, while the inverting input terminal undergoes dynamic gain control through the adjustment terminal of the gain matching component.

[0071] Furthermore, the signal preprocessing unit also includes: a main amplifier, used to amplify the filtered data signal by increasing its amplitude and intensity; such as Figure 3 As shown, the main amplifier includes an operational amplifier U1. The non-inverting input of the operational amplifier U1 is connected to the other end of the resistor R1. The inverting input of the operational amplifier U1 is connected to the adjustment terminal of the gain matching component. The output terminal of the operational amplifier U1 is connected to the anode of the diode D1 through the resistor R3. The cathode of the diode D1 is connected to the input terminal of the gain matching component and is connected to the data transmission unit through the resistor R7.

[0072] Furthermore, the signal preprocessing unit also includes a gain matching component, which is used to dynamically adjust the gain parameters of the main amplifier and make the signals output by different power sensors consistent in amplitude range; that is, the gain matching component dynamically adjusts the gain of the amplifier according to the preset gain parameters and the actual situation of the input signal.

[0073] The aforementioned gain matching component includes:

[0074] A sampling buffer is used to sample the output signal of the main amplifier and perform buffering and stabilization processing; the sampling buffer includes resistors R4 and R5 and capacitor C2, such as... Figure 3 As shown, where:

[0075] One end of resistor R4 and one end of capacitor C2 are both connected to the cathode of diode D1. The other end of capacitor C2 is connected to one end of resistor R5. The other ends of resistor R4 and the other ends of resistor R5 are connected to an amplifier and shaper.

[0076] The gain matching component mentioned above also includes: an amplifier and shaper, used to amplify and shape the sampled signal from the sampling buffer; such as Figure 3 As shown, the amplifier and shaper includes an operational amplifier U2. The inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier U2 is connected to the other end of resistor R4 and the other end of resistor R5, and is grounded through resistor R6. The non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier U2 is grounded. The output terminal of the operational amplifier U2 is connected to the gate of the field-effect transistor Q1. A capacitor C3 is also provided between the inverting input terminal and the output terminal of the operational amplifier U2.

[0077] The aforementioned gain matching component further includes: a field-effect transistor Q1, the gate of which receives the output signal of the amplifier and shaper, the drain of which is connected to the inverting input of the operational amplifier U1, and the source of which is grounded.

[0078] Specifically, during the gain matching adjustment process for amplifying the sampled signal, the sampling buffer stabilizes the sampled signal using an RC buffer element while preserving its dynamic characteristics. Operational amplifier U2 in the amplifier shaper adjusts the amplitude of the sampling buffer's output signal. Simultaneously, capacitor C3 is connected between the inverting input and output of operational amplifier U2 to provide phase compensation, preventing signal distortion during transmission and stabilizing the output waveform of the sampled signal. Field-effect transistor Q1 acts as a gain control element; its gate receives the output signal from the amplifier shaper. The conduction level of Q1 changes according to the gate voltage, dynamically adjusting the input impedance and gain of operational amplifier U1. This design not only improves the signal amplitude and strength but also ensures that the signals output from different sensors maintain consistency in amplitude range through dynamic gain adjustment, enabling the signal relay processing module to correctly identify and process them.

[0079] Furthermore, the signal relay processing module also includes a data transmission unit, used to transmit the pre-processed power parameter data to the data analysis module via wired or wireless means.

[0080] Specifically, the data transmission unit is responsible for transmitting the preprocessed signal to the signal relay processing module. The data transmission unit includes: a microprocessor for digitizing the output signal of the signal preprocessing unit; and a communication module for sending the data processed by the microprocessor to the data analysis module.

[0081] The microprocessor can be an ARM Cortex-M series processor, which possesses powerful digital signal processing capabilities and can efficiently process the output signals of the signal preprocessing unit. Its digital processing includes analog-to-digital conversion, signal filtering, and data compression. The communication module can utilize wired or wireless communication technologies, such as Ethernet, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, or ZigBee, to meet the needs of different application scenarios. Ethernet communication modules provide high-speed and stable data transmission, suitable for monitoring equipment in fixed locations; while wireless communication modules facilitate mobile or remote monitoring. In practical applications, the most suitable communication method can be selected based on factors such as the geographical location of the monitoring point, data transmission distance, and real-time requirements.

[0082] Furthermore, the monitoring and early warning system may also include: a data analysis module, which receives power parameter data that has been preprocessed and transmitted by the signal relay processing module, and analyzes the received power parameter data to obtain the corresponding comprehensive power quality index.

[0083] Specifically, the data analysis module performs in-depth analysis and processing of the data generated by the signal relay processing module. This module enables quantitative assessment and measurement of power quality by accurately calculating the Power Quality Index (PQI) value. The calculation of the PQI value accurately reflects the power quality status of the power system, thus providing reliable data support for subsequent decision-making and optimization.

[0084] Furthermore, the monitoring and early warning system may also include: an early warning module, which determines whether the power quality is qualified based on the comprehensive power quality index and preset judgment conditions; if the judgment result is that the power quality is unqualified, an early warning mechanism is triggered.

[0085] Specifically, the early warning module provides timely warnings of potential power quality problems in the power system based on the assessment results provided by the data analysis module. This module, through real-time monitoring and analysis of power quality indicators, can predict and issue alerts before problems occur, thereby ensuring the stable operation of the power system.

[0086] Example 2: This application provides a dynamic power quality monitoring and early warning method, applied to any of the dynamic power quality monitoring and early warning systems in Example 1, such as... Figure 4 As shown, the specific steps include the following:

[0087] S1, power sensors are located at different positions in the power grid, and the power parameter data detected by the power sensors are acquired through a multi-point data monitoring module.

[0088] S2 uses the signal relay processing module to preprocess the power parameter data and transmits the preprocessed power parameter data to the data analysis module.

[0089] S31, the data analysis module standardizes the received power parameter data and analyzes it to obtain the corresponding comprehensive power quality index; specifically:

[0090] Contrarian Indicators: In the formula, Indicates the first In the nth sample The original values ​​of each indicator and They represent the first The maximum and minimum values ​​of each indicator. Indicates the first The standardized values ​​of each indicator.

[0091] By integrating multiple indicators, rationally allocating weights, and setting appropriate thresholds, this invention achieves comprehensive monitoring and timely early warning of power quality. This not only improves the operational efficiency and reliability of the power grid but also reduces economic losses caused by power quality issues. Therefore, this invention has significant advantages and promising applications in the field of power quality monitoring and early warning.

[0092] S32 uses standardized power parameter data to calculate the proportion, entropy value and weight of each indicator in the power parameter data, and calculates the comprehensive power quality index based on the weight of each indicator in the power parameter data and the standardized value.

[0093] Optionally, the proportion, entropy value, and weight of each of the above indicators are obtained in the following way:

[0094] The weighting of each indicator is as follows: In the formula, This indicates the first in the electrical energy parameter data. The first sample The proportion of the standardized value of an indicator to the sum of the standardized values ​​of all samples of that indicator;

[0095] The entropy values ​​of each indicator are as follows: In the formula, Indicates the first The entropy value of each indicator, Indicates the first The weight of each indicator, where n represents the sample size. ;

[0096] The weights of each indicator are as follows: ,in: In the formula, Indicates the first The weight of each indicator, Indicates the first The degree of dispersion of each indicator Indicates the first The entropy value of each indicator.

[0097] Furthermore, the aforementioned comprehensive power quality index is as follows:

[0098] ;

[0099] In the formula, This represents the comprehensive power quality index corresponding to the power parameter data. Indicates the first The weight of each indicator, Indicates the first The standardized values ​​of each indicator.

[0100] S4. Use the early warning module to determine whether the comprehensive power quality index is qualified: if the comprehensive power quality index is not less than the preset value, the power quality is qualified; if the comprehensive power quality index is less than the preset value, the power quality is unqualified.

[0101] The multi-point data monitoring module deploys power sensors at different key locations in the power grid, enabling real-time monitoring of parameters such as grid voltage and current. Simultaneously, the signal relay processing module employs multi-channel parallel processing technology and advanced signal preprocessing techniques to ensure data accuracy and real-time performance, effectively improving data processing efficiency. Compared to traditional single monitoring devices or simple data acquisition devices, this invention can cover a wider monitoring area and acquire more comprehensive power quality data.

[0102] Specifically, to address the potential differences and noise interference in the output signals of power sensors, a dynamic gain matching component is used. This component can dynamically adjust the amplifier gain according to the actual situation of the input signal and the preset gain parameters, ensuring that the signals output by different sensors remain consistent in amplitude range. This design not only improves the amplitude and strength of the signal but also significantly reduces noise interference, providing a reliable guarantee for subsequent accurate analysis and processing.

[0103] Furthermore, the data analysis module employs data processing and analysis algorithms to standardize, calculate proportions, calculate entropy, allocate weights, and calculate the comprehensive power quality index of the received power quality data, thereby achieving a comprehensive and accurate assessment of power quality. The early warning module, based on the assessment results of the data analysis module, provides timely warnings of potential power quality problems, offering strong support for the operation and maintenance of the power grid.

[0104] The specific embodiments described above further illustrate the purpose, technical solution, and beneficial effects of the present invention. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dynamic power quality monitoring and early warning system, characterized in that, The monitoring and early warning system includes: The multi-point data monitoring module is used to acquire power parameter data detected by power sensors installed at different locations in the power grid; The signal relay processing module is used to receive the power parameter data transmitted by the multi-point data monitoring module, and to perform preprocessing and transmission processing on the power parameter data. The data analysis module receives the power parameter data from the signal relay processing module after preprocessing and transmission processing, and analyzes the received power parameter data to obtain the corresponding comprehensive power quality index. The early warning module determines whether the power quality is qualified based on the comprehensive power quality index and preset judgment conditions. If the judgment result is that the power quality is unqualified, an early warning mechanism is triggered. The signal relay processing module includes: The data receiving unit is used to receive power parameter data transmitted by the multi-point data monitoring module; The signal preprocessing unit is used to preprocess the received electrical energy parameter data, and the preprocessing includes filtering, amplification and shaping. The data transmission unit is used to transmit the preprocessed electrical energy parameter data to the data analysis module via wired or wireless means; The signal preprocessing unit includes a main amplifier and a gain matching component; The main amplifier includes an operational amplifier U1. The non-inverting input of the operational amplifier U1 is connected to the filtered data signal. The inverting input of the operational amplifier U1 is connected to the adjustment terminal of the gain matching component and is connected to the output terminal of the operational amplifier U1 and the anode of the diode D1 through a resistor R3. The cathode of the diode D1 is connected to the input terminal of the gain matching component and is connected to the data transmission unit through a resistor R7. The gain matching component includes: A sampling buffer is used to sample the output signal of the main amplifier and perform buffering and stabilization processing. An amplifier and shaper is used to amplify and shape the sampled signal of the sampling buffer. Field-effect transistor Q1, the gate of field-effect transistor Q1 receives the output signal of the amplifier and shaper, the drain of field-effect transistor Q1 is connected to the inverting input terminal of operational amplifier U1, and the source of field-effect transistor Q1 is grounded. The sampling buffer includes resistor R4, resistor R5, and capacitor C2, wherein: One end of the resistor R4 and one end of the capacitor C2 are both connected to the cathode of the diode D1, the other end of the capacitor C2 is connected to one end of the resistor R5, and the other ends of the resistor R4 and the other ends of the resistor R5 are connected to the amplifying and shaping device. The amplifier and shaper includes an operational amplifier U2. The inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier U2 is connected to the other end of the resistor R4 and the other end of the resistor R5, and is grounded through the resistor R6. The non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier U2 is grounded. The output terminal of the operational amplifier U2 is connected to the gate of the field-effect transistor Q1. A capacitor C3 is also provided between the inverting input terminal and the output terminal of the operational amplifier U2.

2. The dynamic power quality monitoring and early warning system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The signal preprocessing unit includes: A pre-filter is used to remove high-frequency noise and interference from the data signal output by the power sensor, while retaining useful low-frequency signals; The main amplifier is used to amplify the filtered data signal, increasing its amplitude and intensity. A gain matching component is used to dynamically adjust the gain parameter of the main amplifier and make the signals output by different power sensors consistent in amplitude range.

3. The dynamic power quality monitoring and early warning system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The pre-filter includes resistors R1 and R2 and capacitor C1, wherein: One end of the resistor R1 is connected to the signal output terminal of the multi-point data monitoring module, and the other end of the resistor R1 is connected in series with the resistor R2 and the capacitor C1. The other end of the capacitor C1 is grounded.

4. The dynamic power quality monitoring and early warning system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier U1 is connected to the other end of the resistor R1.

5. A dynamic power quality monitoring and early warning method, applied to a dynamic power quality monitoring and early warning system according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The specific steps include the following: Power sensors are deployed at different locations in the power grid, and power parameter data detected by the power sensors are acquired through a multi-point data monitoring module. The power parameter data is preprocessed using the signal relay processing module, and the preprocessed power parameter data is then transmitted to the data analysis module. The data analysis module standardizes the received power parameter data and analyzes it to obtain the corresponding comprehensive power quality index; specifically: Contrarian Indicators: In the formula, Indicates the first In the nth sample The original values ​​of each indicator and They represent the first The maximum and minimum values ​​of each indicator. Indicates the first The standardized value of each indicator; Using standardized power parameter data, the proportion, entropy value and weight of each indicator in the power parameter data are calculated, and the comprehensive power quality index is calculated based on the weight of each indicator in the power parameter data and the standardized value. The early warning module is used to determine whether the comprehensive power quality index is qualified: if the comprehensive power quality index is not less than the preset value, the power quality is qualified; if the comprehensive power quality index is less than the preset value, the power quality is unqualified.

6. The dynamic power quality monitoring and early warning method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The proportions, entropy values, and weights of each indicator are obtained in the following ways: The weighting of each indicator is as follows: In the formula, This indicates the first in the electrical energy parameter data. The first sample The proportion of the standardized value of an indicator to the sum of the standardized values ​​of all samples of that indicator; The entropy values ​​of each indicator are as follows: In the formula, Indicates the first The entropy value of each indicator, Indicates the first The weight of each indicator, where n represents the sample size. ; The weights of each indicator are as follows: ,in: In the formula, Indicates the first The weight of each indicator, Indicates the first The degree of dispersion of each indicator Indicates the first The entropy value of each indicator.

7. The dynamic power quality monitoring and early warning method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The comprehensive power quality index is specifically as follows: ； In the formula, This represents the comprehensive power quality index corresponding to the power parameter data. Indicates the first The weight of each indicator, Indicates the first The standardized values ​​of each indicator.

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