A reflective chip with continuously adjustable amplitude and phase

Abstract

The present invention discloses a reflective chip with continuously adjustable amplitude and phase, belonging to the technical field of chips, which includes a phase shifter with continuously adjustable reflection phase and an attenuator with continuously adjustable attenuation connected thereto. The phase shifter includes a power supply circuit, a phase-shifting matching circuit and a radio frequency tube. Two power supply interfaces are respectively connected to both ends of the stage interval direct capacitor on the radio frequency main path through their respective filtering capacitors and choke inductors, and then directly control the gates of the two radio frequency tubes through different matching inductors. The drains and sources of the radio frequency tubes are short-circuited and directly grounded through the matching inductors. This chip utilizes the characteristic that the parasitic Miller capacitance of the radio frequency tube changes continuously with the gate voltage to achieve continuous impedance change, and then realizes 360° phase change by changing the control voltage, designs a continuously adjustable phase shifter, and selects a suitable phase according to the voltage change to achieve free phase selection; at the same time, an attenuation circuit is introduced to achieve continuously adjustable amplitude, and further achieve amplitude balance control.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of chip technology, and particularly relates to a reflective amplitude-phase continuously adjustable chip. Background Art

[0002] Active phased array radars have the advantages of low latency, high precision, strong detection, and wide coverage in communication and detection, and have been widely used in military detection and civilian communication. Amplitude-phase control is the key technology for realizing phased array radars. In particular, phase control is an important technology for phased array radars to change the beam direction. By changing the phase, the beam direction of the phased array radar and the energy in the beam direction can be changed to achieve beam scanning and beam shaping.

[0003] Currently, phased array radars form an antenna array by arranging multiple transceiver unit groups. Each antenna array involves multiple TR modules. Therefore, a phased array radar involves tens of thousands or even hundreds of thousands of phase shifters. The traditional numerically controlled phase shifter chip realizes 360° phase shift with multiple phase control units in steps of 5.625°. It has the disadvantages of many control ports, large area, and discontinuity. In the prior art, Patent CN114883763A discloses a compact adjustable differential phase shifter based on capacitively loaded coupled twin lines. This phase shifter is a differential phase shifter, which requires a receiving antenna unit and a transmitting antenna unit, and the array adjustment is relatively complex.

[0004] Compared with differential phase shifters, single-ended reflective phase shifters have only one port (shared for input and output), and the receiving and transmitting share one antenna unit. The channels are independent and beam shaping is convenient. The traditional single-ended reflective phase shifter realizes phase shift by changing the parasitic capacitance of two varactor diodes. However, discrete varactor devices have the disadvantages of large area, low precision, large phase shift insertion loss, and amplitude imbalance, which indirectly affect the performance indicators of high precision, strong detection, and miniaturization of phased array radars. At the same time, it is difficult to integrate discrete varactor diodes with active chips into one chip to achieve continuous control of amplitude and phase.

[0005] RF tubes are the main devices for the design of power amplifiers, low-noise amplifiers, driver amplifiers, and voltage-controlled attenuators. The signal is amplified relying on the gain of the RF tube. The parasitic Miller capacitance of the RF tube has always been a capacitance to be discarded in amplifier design and is an unfavorable factor for RF chip design. The existence of Miller capacitance often brings the following disadvantages: 1. There will be another path when the signal is amplified by the RF tube, which is not conducive to amplifier design; 2. Potential parasitic conduction risk, which may cause the device to conduct accidentally during signal modulation; 3. Miller oscillation, which affects the stability and performance of RF tubes or switch tubes; 4. Increased loss, switch time delay, and reduced process cut-off frequency (not conducive to high-frequency design), etc. Therefore, in the design of amplifiers, how to eliminate the influence of Miller capacitance has always been considered.

[0006] In view of the shortcomings of the above-mentioned dual-ended phase shifters and traditional reflective phase shifters, this solution utilizes the characteristic that the Miller capacitance changes continuously with the gate voltage to design a reflective continuous phase shifter. By introducing the change of the parasitic Miller capacitance of the RF tube with voltage to replace the ordinary device-type varactor diode, a phase shifter with miniaturization, high precision, and easy integration for active amplitude control is designed to improve the performance of phased array radars. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The present invention aims to solve the problems of large volume, discontinuity, and low precision existing in phase shifters in the prior art, and proposes a reflective chip with high precision, high reliability, miniaturization, and continuously adjustable amplitude and phase.

[0008] In order to achieve the above-mentioned invention purpose, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0009] A reflective chip with continuously adjustable amplitude and phase includes a phase shifter with continuously adjustable reflective phase and an attenuator with continuously adjustable attenuation connected thereto. The phase shifter includes a power supply circuit, a phase-shifting matching circuit, and an RF tube; the power supply circuit includes two power control interfaces, and the two power control interfaces are respectively connected to both ends of the DC-blocking capacitor in the RF main path through their respective filter capacitors and choke inductors, and then directly control the gates of the two RF tubes through different matching inductors. The drains and sources of the RF tubes are short-circuited and then directly grounded through matching inductors respectively; the RF tubes are equivalent to variable capacitors, and the continuous change of the input impedance is realized by adjusting the continuous change of the voltage.

[0010] Further, the phase shifter includes an RF DC-blocking capacitor C3. One end of the RF DC-blocking capacitor C3 serves as both the RF input end and the RF output end at the same time, and the input and output ends share to form a single-ended reflective phase shifter.

[0011] Further, the phase shifter includes control power supply path filter capacitors C1, C2, a stage DC-blocking capacitor C4 that is both a DC-blocking capacitor and participates in the phase adjustment function, RF choke inductors L1, L2, inductors L3 to L8 that participate in frequency band matching and phase within the frequency band, and RF tubes CPW1, CPW2 that provide a continuously variable Miller capacitance for the entire circuit; the other end of the RF DC-blocking capacitor C3 is connected to L3, the other end of L3 is connected to C4, L1, L5, the other end of L1 is connected to C1 and the power supply terminal VC1, the other end of C1 is grounded, the other end of L5 is connected to the gate of CPW1, the source and drain of CPW1 are connected and then connected to L7, the other end of L7 is grounded, the other end of C4 is connected to L4, the other end of L4 is connected to L2, L6, the other end of L2 is connected to C2 and the power supply VC2, the other end of C2 is grounded, the other end of L6 is connected to the gate of CPW2, the source and drain of CPW2 are connected and then connected to L8, and the other end of L8 is grounded.

[0012] Further, the input end of the attenuator is a radio frequency input end, and its output end is connected to the input end of a reflective phase continuously adjustable phase shifter, forming a reflective chip with continuously adjustable amplitude and phase where both the amplitude and phase can vary continuously.

[0013] Further, the attenuator includes a power supply circuit, an amplitude adjustment circuit, and an amplitude modulation matching circuit. The power supply circuit includes filter capacitors and choke inductors; the amplitude adjustment circuit includes radio frequency tubes, resistors, and inductors connected in series and parallel on the radio frequency path; the amplitude modulation matching circuit includes inductors and capacitors.

[0014] Further, the power supply circuit includes two control voltages. One of the control voltages is a constant supply voltage, which is divided by internal voltage-dividing resistors of the chip and then connected to the source and drain of the radio frequency tube connected in series on the main radio frequency attenuation path through an isolation resistor; the other control voltage is divided by a voltage-dividing resistor and then connected to the gate of the radio frequency tube connected in parallel on the main radio frequency attenuation path through an isolation resistor, and at the same time, it is connected to the gate of the radio frequency tube connected in series on the main radio frequency attenuation path through an isolation resistor, controlling the gate voltage of the radio frequency tubes connected in parallel and in series on the main radio frequency attenuation path simultaneously; continuous attenuation is achieved through the continuous variation of the attenuation amount of the main radio frequency path with voltage, and then the control voltage is selected according to the attenuation amount to achieve free selection of the attenuation amount.

[0015] Further, the attenuator includes radio frequency DC-blocking capacitors C5 to C8, radio frequency tubes CPW3 to CPW6, inductors L9 to L12, high-resistance resistors R5 to R14 for isolating radio frequency signals, low-value resistors R15 and R16 for being connected in parallel with the parasitic resistors of radio frequency tubes CPW3 and CPW4, and voltage-dividing resistors R1 to R4 for dividing the control voltage to provide low voltage for radio frequency tubes CPW3 and CPW4.

[0016] Further, one end of the DC-blocking capacitor C5 is the input end of the attenuator, and the other end is connected to the source of CPW3, as well as L9 and R5. The other end of L9 is connected to R15, the other end of R15 is connected to L10, the other end of L10 is connected to the drain of CPW3, and the gate of CPW3 is connected to R8; the drain of CPW3 is connected to R6, C6, the source of CPW4, and L11. The other end of L11 is connected to R16, the other end of R16 is connected to L12, the other end of L12 is connected to the drain of CPW4, R7, and C8, and the other end of C8 is the radio frequency output end of the attenuator.

[0017] Further, the gate of CPW4 is connected to R9, the other end of C6 is connected to the source R10 of CPW5, the drain of CPW5 is connected to the source of CPW6 and R12, the drain of CPW6 is connected to C7 and R14, the other end of C7 is grounded, the gate of CPW5 is connected to R11, the gate of CPW6 is connected to R13, and the other ends of R8, R10, R11, R12, R13, R14, and R9 are connected to the common connection end of R3 and R4. The other end of R3 is connected to the power supply VC3, and the other end of R4 is grounded.

[0018] Further, the other ends of R5, R6, and R7 are connected to the common connection end of R1 and R2. The other end of R1 is connected to the power supply VDD, and the other end of R2 is grounded.

[0019] In summary, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0020] 1. By utilizing the characteristic that the parasitic Miller capacitance of the RF transistor changes continuously with the gate voltage, the present invention designs a miniaturized, high-precision, and easily integrated active control amplitude phase shifter. By designing this continuously adjustable phase shifter, the appropriate phase can be selected according to the voltage change to achieve free phase selection. At the same time, an electrically tunable attenuation circuit is introduced to achieve continuous amplitude adjustment, thereby realizing amplitude balance control.

[0021] 2. The present invention introduces the change of the parasitic Miller capacitance of the RF transistor with voltage to replace the ordinary device type varactor diode, which has multiple advantages: First, the chip design method can greatly reduce the area, providing plasticity for the miniaturization and simple control of the phased array radar front end. Second, between different chip fabrication batches of the RF transistor, the change of its Miller capacitance with voltage is more stable than that of the device type varactor diode between batches, and the consistency between chip batches is good, which can save costs and provide a prerequisite for the stability of the phased array radar. Finally, using the Miller capacitance of the RF transistor to replace the ordinary device type varactor diode can integrate amplifiers and attenuators to achieve adjustable gain, with high integration, convenient use, and area saving.

[0022] 3. After the present invention introduces the change of the Miller capacitance of the RF transistor with voltage to replace the ordinary device type varactor diode, an electrically tunable attenuator can be directly integrated inside the chip, effectively reducing the area and the complexity of the front end.

[0023] 4. The present invention can integrate an active amplification circuit inside the RF chip to achieve adjustable gain for the entire amplitude and phase continuously adjustable reflective chip. The gain is increased when detection is required and decreased when stealth is required, providing more options for the phased array radar. Description of the Drawings

[0024] To further clarify the above and other advantages and features of the embodiments of the present invention, a more specific description of the embodiments of the present invention will be presented with reference to the accompanying drawings. It can be understood that these drawings only depict typical circuits of the present invention and thus will not be considered as a limitation of its scope. In the drawings, for clarity, inductance L, capacitance C, resistance R, power supplies VC, VD, and radio frequency tube CPW are used for marking and representation.

[0025] Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the circuit structure of the reflective continuously adjustable phase shifter of the present invention is shown.

[0026] Figure 2 The schematic diagram of the circuit structure of the continuously adjustable attenuator of the present invention is shown.

[0027] Figure 3 The schematic diagram of the circuit structure of the reflective amplitude-phase continuously adjustable chip of the present invention is shown.

[0028] Figure 4 The measured result graph showing the variation of the attenuation amount of the continuously adjustable attenuator circuit of the present invention with voltage is shown.

[0029] Figure 5 The measured result graph showing the variation of the phase of the reflective continuously adjustable phase shifter circuit of the present invention with voltage is shown.

[0030] Figure 6 The measured and fitted result graph showing the phase-amplitude balance of the reflective amplitude-phase continuously adjustable chip of the present invention is shown. Detailed implementation manners

[0031] It should be noted that in the embodiments of the present invention, for clarity and simplicity, only a part of the circuit structure may be shown. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] It should also be noted here that in the description of the present invention, terms such as "capacitance", "inductance", "resistance", "radio frequency tube", "connection", "the other end", "grounding", "connected to the power supply", etc. represent the device characteristics or connection characteristic relationships based on the devices or connection relationships shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than explicitly or implicitly indicating that the referred elements must have specific connection attributes and element types. Therefore, it cannot be understood as a limitation of the present invention.

[0033] The object of the present invention is to provide a reflective chip with high precision, high reliability, miniaturization, and continuous amplitude-phase adjustability. The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0034] Embodiment 1

[0035] An embodiment of the present invention provides a reflective chip with continuously adjustable amplitude and phase, comprising: an attenuator with continuously adjustable attenuation and a phase shifter with continuously adjustable reflective phase. A reflective chip with continuously adjustable amplitude and phase is formed by these two radio frequency devices.

[0036] Among them, the phase shifter with continuously adjustable reflective phase functions to continuously control the Miller capacitance of the radio frequency tube through continuous voltage variation, with its input impedance continuously changing, achieving continuous phase variation and enabling users to control and select precise phases.

[0037] The phase shifter in this embodiment mainly includes a power supply circuit, a phase shift matching circuit, and a radio frequency tube. Among them, the power supply circuit includes a filter capacitor and a choke inductance; the phase shift matching circuit includes inductors and capacitors; the radio frequency tube is the core part of the phase shifter, which is equivalent to a variable capacitor, and adjusts the continuous voltage variation to achieve continuous variation of the input impedance.

[0038] Specifically, in this embodiment, the phase shifter requires two control power supply interfaces. These two power supply interfaces are respectively connected to both ends of the DC blocking capacitor between stages on the radio frequency main path through their respective filter capacitors and choke inductors, and then directly control the gates of the two radio frequency tubes through different matching inductors. The drains and sources of the radio frequency tubes are short-circuited and connected directly to the ground through matching inductors.

[0039] This solution utilizes the characteristic that the Miller capacitance changes continuously with the gate voltage to design a reflective continuous phase shifter. By introducing the change of the parasitic Miller capacitance of the radio frequency tube with voltage to replace the ordinary device type varactor diode, it has the following advantages:

[0040] First, the chip design method can greatly reduce the area, providing plasticity for the miniaturization and simplified control of the phased array radar front end; second, compared with different batches of device type varactor diodes, the consistency between chip batches is good, saving costs and providing a prerequisite for the consistency between batches of phased array radars; finally, the Miller capacitance of the radio frequency tube can integrate amplifiers and attenuators to achieve adjustable gain, with high integration, convenient use, and saved area.

[0041] The continuously adjustable phase shifter of the present invention utilizes the characteristic that the parasitic Miller capacitance of the radio frequency tube changes continuously with the gate voltage to achieve continuous impedance variation, and then realizes 360° phase variation by changing the control voltage, enabling free phase selection. At the same time, this solution also introduces an electronically tunable attenuation circuit to achieve continuously adjustable amplitude, realizing amplitude balance control.

[0042] Embodiment 2

[0043] This embodiment provides a reflective chip with continuously adjustable amplitude and phase. On the basis of Embodiment 1, the following further improvements are made:

[0044] Since the insertion loss of a common reflective phase shifter is large, it will greatly attenuate the antenna gain, having a great impact on the detection range and detection accuracy of a phased array radar. After introducing the variation of the parasitic capacitance of the RF tube with voltage, taking advantage of the chip's integration-friendly characteristics, an active amplification circuit can be integrated inside the RF chip to achieve gain adjustment for the entire amplitude-phase continuously adjustable reflective chip. When detection is required, the gain can be increased, and when stealth is needed, the gain can be decreased, providing more options for phased array radars.

[0045] Embodiment 3

[0046] Based on Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2, this embodiment further describes the electronically tunable attenuation circuit introduced at the front end of the reflective phase shifter:

[0047] For a reflective phase shifter designed using ordinary varactor diodes, its amplitude balance is poor. When the phase shifter meets specific phase shift conditions, its amplitude is non-adjustable. When strict amplitude requirements are imposed, an adjustable attenuator needs to be connected for amplitude adjustment, resulting in a complex array layout. However, after introducing the variation of the Miller capacitance of the RF tube with voltage to replace the ordinary device-type varactor diode, an electronically tunable attenuator can be directly integrated inside the chip, effectively reducing the area and the complexity of the array.

[0048] In this solution, the reflective phase shifter and the electronically tunable attenuator are cascaded. The input end of the designed electronically tunable attenuator is set as the RF input end, and the output end is connected to the input end of the reflective continuously phase-adjustable phase shifter, forming a reflective chip with continuously adjustable amplitude and phase. The function of the attenuator is to control the continuous variation of the impedance of the RF tube through the continuous variation of the voltage, achieving continuous adjustability of the gain of the RF main path and meeting the user's demand for controllable and precise gain.

[0049] Specifically, the attenuator in this solution mainly includes a power supply circuit, an amplitude adjustment circuit, and an amplitude modulation matching circuit. Among them, the power supply circuit includes filter capacitors and choke inductors; the amplitude adjustment circuit includes RF tubes, resistors, and inductors; the amplitude modulation matching circuit includes inductors and capacitors.

[0050] The electronically tunable attenuation circuit is divided into two paths of voltage. One is a constant power supply voltage, which is divided by voltage-dividing resistors inside the chip and connected to the source and drain of the RF tube connected in series on the RF attenuation main path through isolation resistors; the other control voltage is divided by voltage-dividing resistors and then connected to the gate of the RF tube connected in parallel on the RF attenuation main path through isolation resistors. At the same time, it is connected to the gate of the RF tube connected in series on the RF attenuation main path through isolation resistors, controlling the gate voltage of the RF tubes connected in parallel and in series on the RF attenuation main path. The attenuation amount of the RF main path can be continuously attenuated with the continuous variation of the voltage. Then, according to the attenuation amount, the control voltage is selected to achieve free selection of the attenuation amount.

[0051] Embodiment 4

[0052] This embodiment provides a reflective amplitude-phase continuously adjustable chip, including Figure 1 an attenuator with continuously adjustable attenuation as shown in Figure 2 and a reflective phase shifter with continuously adjustable phase as shown in Figure 3 to form a reflective chip with continuously adjustable amplitude and phase as shown in

[0053] Among them, the structure of the reflective phase shifter with continuously adjustable phase is as shown in Figure 1 and includes:

[0054] RF DC-blocking capacitor C3;

[0055] Filter capacitors C1 and C2 for the control power supply path;

[0056] C4 which is both a DC-blocking capacitor and participates in the phase adjustment function;

[0057] RF choke inductors L1 and L2.

[0058] Matching inductors L3, L4, L5, L6, L7, and L8 for realizing 360° phase matching, participating in frequency band matching and in-band phase;

[0059] RF transistors CPW1 and CPW2 providing continuously variable Miller capacitors for the entire circuit, with continuously varying input / output impedance at their input / output ends to achieve phase change.

[0060] Specifically, as shown in Figure 1 , one end of the DC-blocking capacitor C3 is the RF input end (also the RF output end) of the reflective phase shifter with continuously adjustable phase. The input and output ends share to form a single-ended reflective phase shifter. The other end of C3 is connected to L3, the other end of L3 is connected to C4, L1, and L5. The other end of L1 is connected to C1 and the power supply terminal VC1, the other end of C1 is grounded. The other end of L5 is connected to the gate of CPW1. The source and drain of CPW1 are connected and then connected to L7, the other end of L7 is grounded. The other end of C4 is connected to L4, the other end of L4 is connected to L2 and L6. The other end of L2 is connected to C2 and the power supply VC2, the other end of C2 is grounded. The other end of L6 is connected to the gate of CPW2. The source and drain of CPW2 are connected and then connected to L8, the other end of L8 is grounded.

[0061] As shown in Figure 1 , the attenuator with continuously adjustable attenuation includes:

[0062] RF DC-blocking capacitors C5, C6, C7, and C8;

[0063] High-resistance resistors R5, R6, R7, R8, R9, R10, R11, R12, R13, and R14, whose purpose is to isolate RF signals;

[0064] Low-value resistors R15 and R16 are used to connect in parallel with the parasitic resistors of RF tubes CPW3 and CPW4 to form a small resistor.

[0065] Voltage-dividing resistors R1, R2, R3, and R4 are used to divide the control voltage and provide a low voltage for RF tubes CPW3 and CPW4.

[0066] RF tubes CPW3, CPW4, CPW5, and CPW6;

[0067] Inductors L9, L10, L11, and L12.

[0068] Among them, one end of the DC-blocking capacitor C5 is the input end of the electrically tunable attenuator, and the other end is connected to the source of CPW3, which is connected to L9 and R5. The other end of L9 is connected to R15, the other end of R15 is connected to L10, the other end of L10 is connected to the drain of CPW3, the gate of CPW3 is connected to R8, the drain of CPW3 is connected to R6, C6, the source of CPW4, and L11. The other end of L11 is connected to R16, the other end of R16 is connected to L12, the other end of L12 is connected to the drain of CPW4, R7, and C8. The other end of C8 is the RF output end of the electrically tunable attenuator. The gate of CPW4 is connected to R9, the other end of C6 is connected to the source of CPW5 and R10. The drain of CPW5 is connected to the source of CPW6 and R12. The drain of CPW6 is connected to C7 and R14. The other end of C7 is grounded. The gate of CPW5 is connected to R11. The gate of CPW6 is connected to R13. The other ends of R8, R10, R11, R12, R13, R14, and R9 are connected to the common connection point between R3 and R4. The other end of R3 is connected to the power supply VC3, the other end of R4 is grounded. The other ends of R5, R6, and R7 are connected to the common connection point between R1 and R2. The other end of R1 is connected to the power supply VDD, and the other end of R2 is grounded.

[0069] Figure 4 The figure shows the measured result graph of the attenuation amount of the continuously tunable attenuator circuit of the present invention changing with voltage. The left figure (a) shows the curve of the attenuation amount changing with voltage at the 10 GHz frequency point. As the voltage changes from 0 V to 5 V, the attenuation amount changes from 19 dB to 2.5 dB. The right figure (b) shows the curves of the attenuation amount changing with voltage at multiple frequency points.

[0070] Figure 5 The figure shows the measured result graph of the phase of the reflective continuously tunable phase shifter circuit of the present invention changing with voltage. The figure shows that 360° phase shift changes can be achieved at different frequency points under the control voltage. However, under different phase shift conditions, there is a large amplitude imbalance, and a 360° phase shift circle with amplitude imbalance is achieved.

[0071] Figure 6The measured and fitted result diagram of the phase-amplitude balance of the reflective amplitude-phase continuously adjustable chip of the present invention is shown. By introducing an electrically tunable attenuation circuit, for Figure 5 the amplitude adjustment of a 360° phase shift with amplitude imbalance achieved, it can be adjusted to a 360° phase shift circle with balanced amplitude.

[0072] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not impose any form of limitation on the present invention. Any simple modification or equivalent change made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A reflective chip with continuously adjustable amplitude and phase, characterized in that: It comprises a reflective phase-continuously adjustable phase shifter and an attenuator connected thereto with continuously adjustable attenuation; the phase shifter comprises a power supply circuit, a phase shift matching circuit and a radio frequency tube; the power supply circuit comprises two power supply control interfaces; the phase shift matching circuit comprises a radio frequency DC blocking capacitor connected to the radio frequency main circuit and an inter-stage DC blocking capacitor which is both a DC blocking capacitor and participates in phase adjustment, as well as a plurality of matching inductors participating in frequency band matching and intra-band phase; the two power supply control interfaces are respectively connected to the two ends of the inter-stage DC blocking capacitor on the radio frequency main circuit through their own filter capacitors and radio frequency inductors, and then directly control the gates of the two radio frequency tubes through different matching inductors, the drains and sources of the two radio frequency tubes are short-circuited and connected, and then are directly grounded after passing through matching inductors; the radio frequency tube is equivalent to a variable capacitor, and the continuous change of the adjusting voltage realizes the continuous change of the input impedance.

2. A reflective chip with continuously adjustable amplitude and phase as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the radio frequency DC blocking capacitor is the radio frequency input end and the radio frequency output end of a reflective phase shifter with continuously adjustable phase, and the input and output ends are shared to form a single-ended reflective phase shifter.

3. A reflective chip with continuously adjustable amplitude and phase as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The RF DC blocking capacitor connected to the RF main line is C3, the interstage DC capacitor that is both a DC blocking capacitor and participates in phase adjustment is C4, and multiple matching inductors participating in frequency band matching and intra-band phase include L3~L8; the two power control interfaces are VC1 and VC2, and the two RF tubes are CPW1 and CPW2; the power control interface VC1 is connected to one end of the interstage DC capacitor C4 through the filter capacitor C1 and the RF inductor L1, and then connected to the gate of the RF tube CPW1 through the matching inductor L5; the power control interface VC2 is connected to the other end of the interstage DC capacitor C4 through the filter capacitor C2 and the RF inductor L2, and then connected to the gate of the RF tube CPW2 through the matching inductor L6; one end of the matching inductor L3 is connected to the RF DC blocking capacitor C3, and the other end is respectively connected to the interstage DC capacitor C4, the matching inductor L1 and the matching inductor L5; the other end of the interstage DC capacitor C4 is connected to the matching inductor L4, and the matching inductor L 4 and the other end are respectively connected to the matching inductor L2 and the matching inductor L6; one end of the RF inductor L1 is respectively connected to the matching inductor L3, the interstage DC capacitor C4 and the matching inductor L5, and the other end is respectively connected to the filter capacitor C1 and the power control interface VC1; one end of the filter capacitor C1 is connected to the RF inductor L1, and the other end is grounded; one end of the RF inductor L2 is respectively connected to the matching inductor L4 and the matching inductor L6, and the other end is respectively connected to the filter capacitor C2 and the power control interface VC2, one end of the filter capacitor C2 is connected to the RF inductor L2, and the other end is grounded; the other end of the matching inductor L5 is connected to the gate of the RF tube CPW1, the source and drain of the RF tube CPW1 are connected and then connected to the matching inductor L7, and the other end of the matching inductor L7 is grounded; the other end of the matching inductor L6 is connected to the gate of the RF tube CPW2, the source and drain of CPW2 are connected and then connected to the matching inductor L8, and the other end of the matching inductor L8 is grounded.

4. A reflective chip with continuously adjustable amplitude and phase as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The input end of the attenuator is a radio frequency input end, and the output end is connected to the input end of a reflective phase continuously adjustable phase shifter, forming an amplitude and phase continuously adjustable reflective chip with continuously variable amplitude and phase.

5. A reflective chip with continuously adjustable amplitude and phase as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The attenuator includes RF DC blocking capacitors C5~C8, RF tubes CPW3~CPW6, inductors L9~L12, high-resistance resistors R5~R14 for isolating RF signals, low-value resistors R15 and R16 for being connected in parallel with the parasitic resistances of RF tubes CPW3 and CPW4, and voltage-dividing resistors R1~R4 for providing low voltage to RF tubes CPW3 and CPW4 after dividing the control voltage.

6. A reflective chip with continuously adjustable amplitude and phase as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The attenuator includes two control voltages, one of which is a constant supply voltage, which is divided by the voltage-dividing resistors R1 and R2 inside the chip, and is connected to the source and drain of the RF tubes CPW3 and CPW4 in series on the RF attenuation main circuit through isolation resistors R5, R6, and R7 respectively; the other control voltage is divided by the voltage-dividing resistors R3 and R4, and is connected to the gates of the RF tubes CPW5 and CPW6 in parallel on the RF attenuation main circuit through isolation resistors R11 and R13 respectively, and is connected to the gates of the RF tubes CPW3 and CPW4 in series on the RF attenuation main circuit through isolation resistors R8 and R9 respectively, so as to realize simultaneous control of the gate voltages of the RF tubes in parallel and in series on the RF attenuation main circuit; continuous attenuation is realized by the continuous change of the attenuation of the RF main circuit with the voltage, and then the control voltage is selected according to the attenuation, so as to realize free-style attenuation selection.

7. A reflective chip with continuously adjustable amplitude and phase as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: One end of the RF DC blocking capacitor C5 is the attenuator input end, and the other end is respectively connected to the source of the RF tube CPW3, the inductor L9, and the isolation resistor R5. The other end of the inductor L9 is connected to the low-value resistor R15, the other end of the low-value resistor R15 is connected to the inductor L10, the other end of the inductor L10 is connected to the drain of the RF tube CPW3, and the gate of the RF tube CPW3 is connected to the isolation resistor R8; the drain of the RF tube CPW3 is respectively connected to the isolation resistor R6, the capacitor C6, the source of the RF tube CPW4 and the inductor L11, the other end of the inductor L11 is connected to the low-value resistor R16, the other end of the low-value resistor R16 is connected to the inductor L12, the other end of the inductor L12 is respectively connected to the drain of the RF tube CPW4, the isolation resistor R7 and the capacitor C8, and the other end of the capacitor C8 is the attenuator RF output end.

8. A reflective chip with continuously adjustable amplitude and phase as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: The gate of the RF tube CPW4 is connected to the resistor R9, the other end of the capacitor C6 is respectively connected to the source of the RF tube CPW5 and the resistor R10, the drain of the RF tube CPW5 is respectively connected to the source of the RF tube CPW6 and the isolation resistor R12, the drain of the RF tube CPW6 is respectively connected to the capacitor C7 and the isolation resistor R14, and the other end of the capacitor C7 is grounded; the gate of the RF tube CPW5 is connected to the isolation resistor R11, and the gate of the RF tube CPW6 is connected to the isolation resistor R13; the other ends of the isolation resistors R8, R10, R11, R12, R13, R14, and R9 are connected to the common end of the voltage divider resistors R3 and R4, the other end of the voltage divider resistor R3 is connected to the power supply VC3, and the other end of the voltage divider resistor R4 is grounded.

9. A reflective chip with continuously adjustable amplitude and phase as claimed in claim 7 or 8, characterized in that: The other ends of the isolation resistors R5, R6, and R7 are connected to the common end of R1 and R2, the other end of the voltage divider resistor R1 is connected to the power supply VDD, and the other end of the voltage divider resistor R2 is grounded.

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