Multi-threaded PLC channel sampling system, control system of power generation equipment and power generation equipment

Abstract

The present invention discloses a multi-threaded PLC channel sampling system, a control system for power generation equipment, and a power generation equipment. The multi-threaded PLC channel sampling system includes a main control card and at least two acquisition cards; each acquisition card is connected to the main control card through at least one uplink data link and at least one downlink data link; the at least one uplink data link and at least one downlink data link perform data interaction synchronously; the acquisition card is also connected to an external data generating device for performing channel sampling to obtain channel sampling data and upload it to the main control card through the uplink data link; the main control card sends control commands and configuration commands to the corresponding acquisition card through the downlink data link to perform channel control and configuration parameter control. The sampling system implements a simultaneous processing mechanism, and channel sampling, read and write configuration, and data upload can be performed simultaneously, which greatly improves the processing and response rate of the sampling system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of industrial control, and in particular to a multi-threaded PLC channel sampling system, a control system for power generation equipment, and power generation equipment. Background Art

[0002] Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) is a key device used to control wind turbines in wind farms. It is responsible for monitoring and controlling various operating parameters of wind turbines to ensure stable and efficient operation of wind farms. The entire PLC includes a main controller, network communication exchange, and acquisition card. Existing acquisition cards are usually single-process mode, which requires processing channel sampling, read and write configuration, upload data, and other processes in sequence, resulting in slow processing and response rates. Summary of the invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the defect in the prior art that the PLC acquisition card is usually in single-process mode, resulting in slow processing and response rates, and to provide a multi-threaded PLC channel sampling system, a control system for power generation equipment and power generation equipment.

[0004] The present invention solves the above technical problems through the following technical solutions:

[0005] The present invention provides a multi-threaded PLC channel sampling system, the multi-threaded PLC channel sampling system comprising a main control card and at least two acquisition cards;

[0006] Each acquisition card is connected to the main control card via at least one uplink data link and at least one downlink data link; the at least one uplink data link and the at least one downlink data link perform data exchange synchronously;

[0007] The acquisition card is also connected to an external data generating device for performing channel sampling to obtain channel sampling data and uploading the channel sampling data to the main control card via an uplink data link;

[0008] The main control card sends control commands and configuration commands to the corresponding acquisition card through a downlink data link to perform channel control and configuration parameter control.

[0009] Preferably, the acquisition card includes an FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) module; the FPGA module is used to receive control commands and configuration commands through the downlink data link to perform channel control and configuration parameter control on the acquisition card, and upload channel sampling data and command response data through the uplink data link.

[0010] Preferably, the acquisition card comprises a plurality of storage devices cascaded to store configuration data of the acquisition card;

[0011] The FPGA module is used to read configuration data into an internal storage unit of the FPGA module through the storage device during the startup phase.

[0012] Preferably, the memory is a device that does not lose power when power is lost; and / or,

[0013] The configuration data includes first configuration data and second configuration data;

[0014] The acquisition card also includes a plurality of high-speed storage devices cascaded;

[0015] The FPGA module is used to store first configuration data in the cascade of the plurality of storage devices, and to store second configuration data in the cascade of the plurality of high-speed storage devices and / or an internal storage unit of the FPGA module.

[0016] Preferably, the FPGA module is also used to keep transmitting the channel sampling data to the main control card through the uplink data link and limit other functions when a preset error is detected.

[0017] Preferably, the main control card and the FPGA module perform configuration parameter requests and responses through configuration commands;

[0018] The configuration command is composed of a preset format, and the preset format includes at least one of a frame synchronization word, a data frame length, a command word, a configuration position / address, configuration data, and a check digit.

[0019] Preferably, the FPGA module is further used to verify the control command after receiving the control command, and perform channel control according to the control command after the control command conforms to a preset format; and / or,

[0020] The command word includes at least one of allowing modification of current configuration parameters, writing modified configuration parameters, configuration parameters taking effect, reading current configuration parameters, reading sampled data, and issuing control instructions.

[0021] Preferably, when there is only one data transmission line, the channel sampling data is sent first to ensure the normal operation of the channel sampling, and the command response data is sent after the channel sampling data is sent.

[0022] When there are several data transmission lines, a response command is sent on the corresponding request line and channel sampling data is sent on the idle line.

[0023] The present invention also provides a control system for a power generation device, wherein the control system for the power generation device comprises the multi-threaded PLC channel sampling system as described above.

[0024] The present invention also provides a power generation system, which includes the control system of the power generation equipment as described above.

[0025] The positive and progressive effects of the present invention are:

[0026] The multi-threaded PLC channel sampling system provided by the present invention has each acquisition card synchronously interacting with a main control card through at least one uplink data link and at least one downlink data link. The acquisition card is also connected to an external data generating device for performing channel sampling to obtain channel sampling data and uploading the data to the main control card through the uplink data link. The main control card sends control commands and configuration commands to the corresponding acquisition card through the downlink data link to perform channel control and configuration parameter control. The sampling system realizes a simultaneous processing mechanism, and channel sampling, read-write configuration and data uploading can be performed simultaneously, which greatly improves the processing and response rate of the sampling system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this specification, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some examples or embodiments of this specification. For ordinary technicians in this field, this specification can also be applied to other similar scenarios based on these drawings without creative work. Unless it is obvious from the language environment or otherwise explained, the same reference numerals in the figures represent the same structure or operation.

[0028] Figure 1 This is a first structural diagram of the multi-threaded PLC channel sampling system in this embodiment 1.

[0029] Figure 2 This is a second structural diagram of the multi-threaded PLC channel sampling system in this embodiment 2. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The present invention is further described below by way of examples, but the present invention is not limited to the scope of the examples.

[0031] Reference to "embodiments" herein means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in conjunction with the embodiments may be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The appearance of the phrase in various places in the text does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it an independent or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It is explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.

[0032] It should be understood that the "system", "system", "unit" and / or "module" used herein are a method for distinguishing different components, elements, parts, portions or assemblies at different levels. However, if other words can achieve the same purpose, the words can be replaced by other expressions.

[0033] As shown in this document, unless the context clearly indicates an exception, the words "a", "an", "an" and / or "the" do not refer to the singular and may also include the plural, unless the context clearly indicates an exception. Generally speaking, the terms "include" and "comprise" only indicate that the steps and elements that have been clearly identified are included, and these steps and elements do not constitute an exclusive list. The method or device may also include other steps or elements.

[0034] The definitions of inclusion in this document, such as the terms "having", "may have", "include" or "may include" used herein, indicate the existence of the corresponding functions, operations, elements, etc. herein, and do not limit the existence of one or more other functions, operations, elements, etc. In addition, it should be understood that the terms "including" or "having" used herein indicate the existence of the features, numbers, steps, operations, elements, components, or a combination thereof described in the specification, without excluding the existence or addition of one or more other features, numbers, steps, operations, elements, components, or a combination thereof.

[0035] Example 1

[0036] Please refer to Figure 1 , which is a schematic diagram of the structure of the multi-threaded PLC channel sampling system in this embodiment. Specifically, Figure 1 As shown, the multi-threaded PLC channel sampling system includes a main control card and at least two acquisition cards;

[0037] Each acquisition card is connected to the main control card through at least one uplink data link and at least one downlink data link; at least one uplink data link and at least one downlink data link synchronously perform data exchange;

[0038] The acquisition card is also connected to an external data generating device for channel sampling to obtain channel sampling data and upload it to the main control card through the uplink data link; the acquisition card can be connected to on-site sensors, collectors, servo motors and other equipment.

[0039] The main control card sends control commands and configuration commands to the corresponding acquisition card through the downlink data link to perform channel control and configuration parameter control.

[0040] In this embodiment, the acquisition card includes an FPGA module; the FPGA module is used to receive control commands and configuration commands through a downlink data link to control the channel and configure parameters of the acquisition card, and upload channel sampling data and command response data through an uplink data link. FPGA is a chip whose internal structure can be re-edited to achieve the purpose of use. FPGA is an integrated circuit with programmable characteristics pre-designed and implemented on a silicon chip. It can be configured into a specified circuit structure according to the needs of the designer and is widely used.

[0041] Through the FPGA module, the three main functions of channel sampling, reading and writing configurations, and uploading data are performed simultaneously without interfering with each other. While collecting data, configuration parameters can be read through commands, and collected data and status can be uploaded. Data transmission is separated from uplink data and downlink data processing, so that if downlink data appears during data upload, it can be processed simultaneously.

[0042] In an optional implementation, the acquisition card includes a plurality of storage devices cascaded to store configuration data of the acquisition card;

[0043] The FPGA module is used to read the configuration data into the internal storage unit of the FPGA module through the storage device during the startup phase. Specifically, the storage device is a device that does not lose data when the power is off; the acquisition card enters the initialization mode when it is powered on or soft-started, and reads the configuration data into the internal cache of the acquisition card through the storage device in the initialization mode, wherein the internal cache of the acquisition card can use one or more storage devices cascaded, and the storage device is a device that does not lose data when the power is off.

[0044] Please refer to Figure 2 , which is a second structural diagram of the multi-threaded PLC channel sampling system in this embodiment. Specifically, Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the memory control of the PLC channel sampling system: there is a memory in the acquisition card, and the data exchange speed from the memory to the FPGA chip in the acquisition card is slow. There are also storage units inside the FPGA chip, but the number of storage units is small, and the data is lost when the power is off. Move the commonly used important data from the memory to the internal storage unit of the FPGA chip when the acquisition system is running. Ensure that the system runs quickly and efficiently. Some data that do not require high speed is stored in the memory. Data can be written / read to the memory through commands. If there are multiple commands operating on the same storage area at the same time, the acquisition system will automatically sort and process them one by one.

[0045] The configuration data includes first configuration data and second configuration data; the acquisition card also includes a plurality of high-speed memory devices cascaded; the FPGA module is used to store the first configuration data in the plurality of memory devices cascaded, and store the second configuration data in the plurality of high-speed memory devices cascaded and / or the internal storage unit of the FPGA module. Specifically, in the initialization mode, the configuration parameters are obtained from the internal cache of the acquisition card, and the configuration parameters are written into the sensor, collector or converter, so as to truly make the configuration parameters effective during the acquisition process. After the configuration data is correctly taken out from the memory and written into the sensor, collector or converter and actually takes effect, the entire acquisition system will enter the normal operation mode from the initialization mode. In the normal operation mode, in order to ensure the high-speed processing of the entire data, the configuration parameters will be obtained from the configuration parameters stored in the internal cache of the acquisition card or one or more high-speed memory cascades. The collection system can maintain the current configuration when the power is on / the system is restarted; in the case of abnormal power failure of the system, the configuration parameters when the system is abnormal can still be used after the system is restored. Taking the generator as an example, the data such as the generator speed used for real-time control of the generator needs to respond quickly to achieve accurate control of the wind turbine. The generator speed is collected through the encoder, and the configuration information corresponding to the encoder, such as the time window, signal resolution, etc., are all second configuration data. The second configuration data is stored in the internal storage unit of several high-speed storage devices cascaded and / or FPGA modules. The daily power generation accumulated during the process is used for long-term analysis and reporting, but the real-time requirements are not high and will not affect the system operation efficiency. These first configuration data will not exist in the internal storage unit of the FPGA chip, and the data will be placed in the external memory.

[0046] In another optional implementation, the FPGA module is also used to keep transmitting the channel sampling data to the main control card through the uplink data link and limit other functions when a preset error is detected. If a serious error occurs in the acquisition system, the system will directly enter the safety protection mode, keep transmitting the channel sampling data to the main control card through the uplink data link, limit some functions of the acquisition card, and output safety data. If an unrecoverable error occurs in the acquisition system, the acquisition system will automatically perform a soft restart.

[0047] Specifically, the main control card and the FPGA module request and respond to configuration parameters through configuration commands;

[0048] The configuration command is composed of a preset format, and the preset format includes at least one of a frame synchronization word, a data frame length, a command word, a configuration position / address, configuration data, and a check digit.

[0049] Taking the wind power industry as an example, configuration parameter requests and responses, i.e. configuration commands, are one of the key technologies for remote monitoring and control of wind turbines. These commands allow operators or automatic control systems to adjust the operating parameters of wind turbines to optimize performance, improve efficiency and ensure safety. It is possible to send commands at the bottom of the wind turbine to change the configuration parameters at the top of the tower, allowing operation and maintenance personnel to change the configuration without having to climb up under certain conditions.

[0050] When the control center detects a change in wind speed, it generates a configuration command to adjust the blade angle to adapt to the new wind speed conditions. The command format is as follows:

[0051] Frame synchronization word: 0xccbb4a5d ​​(the frame synchronization word generally includes multiple synchronization words. The more synchronization words there are, the lower the error probability is, that is, the less likely it is to cause an error that the data is exactly the synchronization word);

[0052] Data frame length: 0x0005 (the data frame length indicates that the subsequent data is 5 bytes in total, with a maximum of 511 bytes, which is exactly the length of a memory area);

[0053] Command word: 0x03 (the command word is used to indicate the configuration implementation command, such as the command to write the blade angle configuration parameter);

[0054] Configuration location / address: 0x00000100 (Configuration location / address is used to specify the location or address of the configuration object, such as specifying the configuration storage address of wind turbine 1 corresponding to channel 1)

[0055] Data: 0xXXXXXXX (indicates specific data content);

[0056] Checksum: 0xXXXX (the checksum is calculated based on all the previous bytes and is used to check the configuration command);

[0057] The FPGA module is also used to verify the control command after receiving the control command, and to perform channel control according to the control command after the control command conforms to a preset format;

[0058] The command word includes at least one of allowing modification of current configuration parameters, writing modified configuration parameters, making configuration parameters effective, reading current configuration parameters, reading sampled data, and issuing control instructions.

[0059] Specifically, the sampling system allows the configuration parameters to be modified only when the correct command allowing the modification of the current configuration parameters of the sampling system is received, otherwise the configuration parameters will not be modified and will not take effect. When the correct configuration parameter write command is received, the configuration parameters will be written to the memory. When the correct configuration parameter effectiveness command is received, the configuration parameters are taken out of the memory and migrated to the internal cache of the acquisition card. After the migration is completed, the configuration takes effect. Avoid mixing the old and new configurations of the acquisition system during the migration process, resulting in the sampling data not being the expected data. When the correct command to read the current configuration parameters is received, the configuration parameters in the current memory can be read. It can avoid the situation where the mixing of the old and new configuration parameters leads to sampling confusion when the configuration parameters are not updated. The relevant configuration parameters will be used only after the configuration parameters are updated. When the configuration parameters are not updated, the configuration parameters will not take effect.

[0060] In addition, when there is only one data transmission line, channel sampling data is sent first to ensure the normal operation of channel sampling, and command response data is sent after the channel sampling data is sent; when there are several data transmission lines, response commands are sent on the corresponding request line and channel sampling data is sent on the idle line. Specifically, when there is only one data transmission line, if commands and sampling data are to be sent at the same time, sampling data is sent first to ensure the normal operation of the system. Commands are sent after the sampling data is sent. When there are multiple data transmission lines, the sampling system can send sampling data to multiple main control cards at the same time. Response commands from multiple main control cards can be received at the same time. When there are multiple lines but only one main control card is connected, when the response command and channel data are uploaded to the main control card at the same time, the sampling system will automatically switch the data to the idle channel for upload. If there is no idle channel, it will be processed according to the situation where there is only one data transmission line.

[0061] For example, during the operation of a wind turbine (referred to as a wind turbine), wind energy is collected through the wind wheel to drive the generator to generate electricity. The control system collects electricity, blade status, environmental information (wind speed, wind direction), etc. Through calculation and prediction, the wind turbine operating parameters are adjusted to optimize the power generation efficiency. Therefore, it is necessary to collect signals, change field parameters, and adjust the status of the wind turbine at the same time. During configuration, the main control card sends configuration data to the acquisition card. After the configuration is successfully changed, the acquisition card sends feedback on the successful configuration to the main control card. The same physical bus is used to send feedback on the successful configuration and upload the collected data, so there may be a conflict caused by simultaneous use, which further leads to the inability to perform configuration and collection at the same time; when there is only one data transmission line, the channel sampling data is sent first, which can ensure that the collection and configuration will not conflict; and the configuration process has been carried out, but the feedback on the successful configuration is a little slower, which does not affect the configuration process and configuration efficiency. This method can not only ensure that the data acquisition rate is not affected, but also ensure that the configuration and sampling are executed at the same time. Furthermore, the sampling system of this embodiment adopts FPGA (or GPU, which can execute parallel logic) instead of CPU, and can execute sampling processing, configuration processing, and access processing completely in parallel. Using a single CPU process can only make the processing almost parallel through time division multiplexing, but there will be task switching time in the middle, and it cannot achieve complete parallelism.

[0062] Under normal configuration, data transmission is limited by the physical connection method of hardware. The uplink channel and the downlink channel are a set of data transmission lines. When there are multiple data transmission lines, data can be transmitted to different main control cards at the same time. For example, one main control card is at the tower base and the other is in the cabin; the acquisition card collects and monitors key parameters such as wind speed, generator speed, temperature and vibration in real time, and sends these data to the main control card through multiple transmission lines. The main control cards at different locations send control commands to the wind turbine generator set based on the processing results, such as adjusting the blade angle to optimize power generation efficiency or stopping operation under extreme weather conditions. When there are multiple channels but only one main control card is connected, data transmission can be performed according to the above-mentioned scheme that acquisition data transmission takes precedence over configuration data transmission.

[0063] In addition, channel acquisition is performed for different card functions. The acquired data is pre-processed by the acquisition system before being transmitted to the main control system. Pre-processing operations include: upper and lower limit comparison, filtering, linear conversion, curve conversion, custom lookup table conversion, temperature compensation, analog-to-digital conversion, etc. Multiple channel sampling can be performed simultaneously. The sampling system is connected to 8 channels, and the values ​​of 8 channels can be sampled into the system at the same time before data processing. Since the data processing speed is much smaller than the data sampling time, the faster the data sampling speed, the higher the efficiency of the system operation. The channel collects data every 0.2ms (milliseconds).

[0064] The multi-threaded PLC channel sampling system provided by the present invention, each acquisition card synchronously exchanges data with the main control card through at least one uplink data link and at least one downlink data link, the acquisition card is also connected to an external data generating device, used for channel sampling to obtain channel sampling data and upload to the main control card through the uplink data link, the main control card sends control commands and configuration commands to the corresponding acquisition card through the downlink data link to perform channel control and configuration parameter control, the sampling system realizes a simultaneous processing mechanism, channel sampling, read and write configuration and upload data can be performed simultaneously, greatly improving the processing and response rate of the sampling system. The present invention is based on FPGA design, the main functional modules all adopt parallel processing, the processing speed is more efficient, can be used in wind farm system control, and can also be migrated to industrial control, nuclear power field and military field, realizing domestic substitution; the acquisition card supports changing the configuration through custom commands without power failure, so that maintenance personnel do not need to modify manually during the operation of wind power, and the current configuration can be modified remotely, ensuring operational safety.

[0065] Example 2

[0066] This embodiment provides a control system for a power generation device, and the control system for the power generation device includes the multi-threaded PLC channel sampling system in Embodiment 1. By using the multi-threaded PLC channel sampling system, a simultaneous processing mechanism is implemented, and channel sampling, read and write configuration, and data upload can be performed simultaneously, which greatly improves the processing and response rate of the sampling system.

[0067] Example 3

[0068] This embodiment provides a power generation system, which includes the control system of the power generation device in Embodiment 2. By using the control system of the power generation device, a simultaneous processing mechanism is implemented, and channel sampling, read and write configuration, and data upload can be performed simultaneously, which greatly improves the processing and response rate of the sampling system.

[0069] Although the specific embodiments of the present invention are described above, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that this is only for illustration and the protection scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims. Those skilled in the art may make various changes or modifications to these embodiments without departing from the principles and essence of the present invention, but these changes and modifications all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-threaded PLC channel sampling system, characterized in that: The multi-threaded PLC channel sampling system includes a main control card and at least two acquisition cards; Each acquisition card is connected to the main control card via at least one uplink data link and at least one downlink data link; the at least one uplink data link and the at least one downlink data link perform data exchange synchronously; The acquisition card is also connected to an external data generating device for performing channel sampling to obtain channel sampling data and uploading the channel sampling data to the main control card via an uplink data link; The main control card sends control commands and configuration commands to the corresponding acquisition card through a downlink data link to perform channel control and configuration parameter control.

2. The multi-threaded PLC channel sampling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The acquisition card includes an FPGA module; the FPGA module is used to receive control commands and configuration commands through the downlink data link to perform channel control and configuration parameter control on the acquisition card, and upload channel sampling data and command response data through the uplink data link.

3. The multi-threaded PLC channel sampling system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The acquisition card includes a plurality of storage devices cascaded to store configuration data of the acquisition card; The FPGA module is used to read configuration data into an internal storage unit of the FPGA module through the storage device during the startup phase.

4. The multi-threaded PLC channel sampling system as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The memory is a device that does not lose data when power is lost; and / or, The configuration data includes first configuration data and second configuration data; The acquisition card also includes a plurality of high-speed storage devices cascaded; The FPGA module is used to store first configuration data in the cascade of the plurality of storage devices, and to store second configuration data in the cascade of the plurality of high-speed storage devices and / or an internal storage unit of the FPGA module.

5. The multi-threaded PLC channel sampling system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The FPGA module is also used to keep transmitting the channel sampling data to the main control card through the uplink data link and limit other functions when a preset error is detected.

6. The multi-threaded PLC channel sampling system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The main control card and the FPGA module perform configuration parameter requests and responses through configuration commands; The configuration command is composed of a preset format, and the preset format includes at least one of a frame synchronization word, a data frame length, a command word, a configuration position / address, configuration data, and a check digit.

7. The multi-threaded PLC channel sampling system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The FPGA module is also used to verify the control command after receiving the control command, and perform channel control according to the control command after the control command conforms to a preset format; and / or, The command word includes at least one of allowing modification of current configuration parameters, writing modified configuration parameters, configuration parameters taking effect, reading current configuration parameters, reading sampled data, and issuing control instructions.

8. The multi-threaded PLC channel sampling system according to claim 2, characterized in that: When there is only one data transmission line, the channel sampling data is sent first to ensure the normal operation of the channel sampling. After the channel sampling data is sent, the command response data is sent; When there are several data transmission lines, a response command is sent on the corresponding request line and channel sampling data is sent on the idle line.

9. A control system for a power generation device, characterized in that: The control system of the power generation equipment includes the multi-threaded PLC channel sampling system as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. A power generation system, characterized in that: The power generation system includes the control system of the power generation equipment according to claim 9.

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