Reconstruction method of historic building structure analysis model

Abstract

The invention discloses a reconstruction method of an ancient building structure analysis model, and relates to the technical field of ancient building structure analysis models.According to the method, a laser scanning technology is used, point cloud data are obtained, a three-dimensional model of an ancient building monomer structure is reconstructed, simulation structure model data of the ancient building monomer structure are collected, a standard data set is established, and the three-dimensional model of the ancient building monomer structure is reconstructed. A unified evaluation standard is formed; comprehensively considering a historical coefficient Lsx, an environment coefficient Dls and a load coefficient Fzx of the historic building monomer structure, and performing evaluation and repair labeling; according to an evaluation result, repair priority ranking is carried out, an individualized repair scheme is formulated according to different repair label numbers and influence factor sizes of each historic building monomer structure, further deterioration of the damage degree of the historic building monomer structure with the serious damage degree is prevented in time, the repair requirement of the historic building monomer structure is better met, and the repair efficiency is improved. The repairing effect and the long-term protection effect are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of analysis models, and in particular to a method for reconstructing an ancient building structure analysis model. Background Art

[0002] In the patent application number 201910995921.9, the invention discloses a method for reconstructing a single structural analysis model of an ancient building based on knowledge rules, including: designing the organization mode of the single structural model of the ancient building; collecting relevant data on the current status of the ancient building; performing spatial clustering, structural extraction and model reconstruction based on the organization mode of the single structural model of the ancient building and the relevant data, based on a multi-constraint knowledge rule base; reconstructing a spatial calculation model driven by knowledge rules, and converting the spatial calculation model into a first finite element analysis model. This method is based on the original design data of the ancient building and the structural information such as the overall damage of the current status of the ancient building, and uses the collaborative coupling of key technologies in surveying and mapping and civil engineering as a means to establish a new set of multi-dimensional spatial data models and structural state analysis models, giving the ancient building entity the ability to perceive and calculate changes in the spatial environment; it can provide a first finite element analysis model for comprehensive, complete and accurate analysis for subsequent single structural analysis of ancient buildings.

[0003] However, in the patent with application number 201910995921.9, it is only "based on the original design data of the ancient buildings and the structural information such as the overall damage of the current status of the ancient buildings", without taking into account the order of restoration of the ancient buildings. Because in ancient times, many ancient buildings often adopted group structures, such as ancient palaces, temples and city walls. These buildings are composed of multiple building units, forming a complete building complex; because the degree of damage to each ancient building unit is different, the delay in repairing the severely damaged ancient building units will lead to further deterioration of the damage, and there are also safety hazards; therefore, in the repair work of the ancient building unit structure, the repair order of each ancient building unit is crucial.

[0004] Moreover, when repairing the ancient building units, the factors affecting the structure of the ancient building units were not considered from many aspects, and the stability, safety and long-term sustainability of the structure of the ancient building units were not taken into consideration. Summary of the invention

[0005] Technical issues solved In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a method for reconstructing an ancient building structure analysis model, which solves the problems mentioned in the background technology.

[0006] Technical Solution To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: A method for reconstructing an ancient building structure analysis model comprises the following steps: Step 1: Perform laser scanning on the structure of each ancient building in the ancient building complex to obtain point cloud data on the building surface for subsequent analysis and modeling; perform three-dimensional digital modeling on the single ancient building based on the point cloud data, and simultaneously form a three-dimensional model group of the ancient building single structure; Step 2: Analyze the restoration impact and historical factors of each ancient building monomer structure; first collect various historical data of the ancient building monomer structure as parameters, and through calculation, associate various parameters and quantify the historical factors of the ancient building monomer structure to obtain: historical coefficient Lsx, and evaluate it, and perform the first restoration annotation according to the first evaluation result; Step 3: Secondly, analyze the environment where the ancient building monomer structure is located, and collect relevant parameters of the geographical environment and climate environment where the ancient building monomer structure is located; and quantify the impact of the geographical environment and climate environment on the ancient building monomer structure to calculate and obtain the environmental coefficient Dls and evaluate it. According to different evaluation results, perform the second restoration annotation; Step 4: Finally, analyze the load of the ancient building monomer structure itself, collect the load data of the ancient building monomer structure and calculate the load coefficient Fzx, quantify the load factors of the ancient building monomer structure, and then evaluate it; preset the threshold K3 to compare different evaluation results, and then perform the third repair annotation; Step 5. Sort the order of restoration of each ancient building structure according to the number of restoration marks obtained for each ancient building structure. When restoring an ancient building structure, compare the values ​​of the historical coefficient Lsx, the environmental coefficient Dls and the load coefficient Fzx, and generate a recommendation report on the restoration and protection of the ancient building structure based on the values ​​of each influencing factor.

[0007] Preferably, a laser scanner is used to scan different angles and positions of each single structure of the ancient building to obtain point cloud data of the single structure of the ancient building; then the point cloud data is cleaned and aligned through feature extraction and matching, including the structural features, details and size parameters of each single structure of the ancient building; based on the processed data, CAD software is used to reconstruct the three-dimensional model of each single structure of the ancient building, and the three-dimensional model is imported into a virtual reality platform, and VR technology is used to simulate the original appearance of the ancient building; at the same time, model data of the single structure of the ancient building and the simulated structure are collected, and a standard data set is established for later evaluation.

[0008] Preferably, the parameters of restoration impact and historical impact of the single structure of the ancient building collected include material loss value Clx, historical bearing load Lsz, structural index Jgx and total number of repairs Wxs; The material loss value Clx indicates the loss degree of the materials currently used in the ancient building, the historical load-bearing load Lsz indicates the load borne by the ancient building in the past, the structural index Jgx indicates the geometric parameters of the single structure of the ancient building, including the wall thickness, the cross-sectional area of ​​the load-bearing column and the span of the beam, and the total number of repairs Wxs indicates the total number of times the single structure of the ancient building has been repaired in the past; The material loss value Clx is used to evaluate the degree of material loss of the single structure of the ancient building through infrared radiation in infrared detection. The historical bearing load Lsz and the total number of repairs Wxs are obtained by investigating historical documents. The structural index Jgx is obtained through simulation calculation of structural analysis software.

[0009] Preferably, the material loss value Clx, the historical bearing load Lsz, the structural index Jgx and the total number of maintenance times Wxs are extracted and dimensionlessly processed, and the historical coefficient Lsx is calculated by the following formula:

[0010] Where q1, q2, q3 and q4 represent the weight values ​​of material loss value Clx, historical bearing load Lsz, structural index Jgx and total number of maintenance times Wxs respectively; And 0<q1<1, 0<q2<1, 0<q3<1, 0<q4<1, q1+q2+q3+q4=1; A represents the first correction constant; The preset threshold K1 is used to compare and evaluate the historical coefficient Lsx to obtain a first evaluation result, including: If the historical coefficient Lsx>threshold K1, it means that the overall structure and building material stability and loss degree of the ancient building are normal, and the stress condition and bearing capacity are normal. In this case, no mark is made and the geographical environment of the single structure of the ancient building is continued to be evaluated; If the historical coefficient Lsx ≤ threshold K1, it means that the stability and resistance of the overall structure and building materials of the ancient building are abnormal, and the stress conditions and bearing capacity are abnormal. At this time, the first repair mark is made for the historical coefficient Lsx.

[0011] Preferably, the parameters used to evaluate the geographical environment impact on the ancient building monomer structure are: average monthly precipitation Yjl, groundwater quality index Dxl, surface slope Dbs, soil bearing value Trz, wind direction frequency Fxp and biological damage area Spm; The historical average monthly precipitation Yjl is obtained through monitoring by rain gauge recorders, which reflects the average monthly precipitation of the geographical environment where the ancient buildings are located. The monthly precipitation in the past three years is collected and statistically calculated to obtain the historical monthly precipitation. The formula for the historical average monthly precipitation Yjl is:

[0012] The groundwater quality index Dxl is obtained through water quality analysis instruments, which reflects the water quality of groundwater, including pH value and the content of organic pollutants per cubic meter wrwhl. After dimensionless processing: pH*wrrhl; The surface slope Dbs is measured by topographic measuring instruments, which reflects the surface slope of the geographical environment where the ancient buildings are located; The soil bearing value Trz is obtained through monitoring by static penetration test instruments, which reflects the foundation stability of the geographical environment where the ancient building is located; The wind direction frequency Fxp is obtained through a wind speed and direction monitor, which reflects the wind direction characteristics of the geographical environment where the ancient building is located; The biological damage area Yhz is obtained through image recognition technology, reflecting the damage area caused by various harmful organisms existing in the ancient building structure.

[0013] Preferably, the average monthly precipitation Yjl, groundwater quality index Dxl, surface slope Dbs, soil bearing value Trz, wind direction frequency Fxp and biological damage area Spm are dimensionlessly processed and the environmental coefficient Dls is calculated by the following formula:

[0014] Wherein, w1, w2, w3, w4, w5 and w6 represent the weight values ​​of the average monthly precipitation Yjl, groundwater quality index Dxl, surface slope Dbs, soil bearing value Trz, wind direction frequency Fxp and biological damage area Spm respectively; And 0<w1<1, 0<w2<1, 0<w3<1, 0<w4<1, 0<w5<1, 0<w6<1, and w1+w2+w3+w4+w5+w6=1; The preset environmental threshold K2 is compared with the environmental coefficient Dls to generate the following results: When the environmental threshold K2> the environmental coefficient Dls, it means that the geographical environment and climate environment around the ancient building monomer structure have little impact on the ancient building monomer structure. At this time, the environmental coefficient Dls is not marked, and the load environment of the ancient building monomer structure continues to be evaluated; When the environmental threshold K2≤environmental coefficient Dls, it means that the geographical environment and climate environment around the single structure of the ancient building have a great impact on the single structure of the ancient building. At this time, a second repair mark is made for the environmental coefficient Dls.

[0015] Preferably, the load data affecting the single structure of the ancient building include: self-weight load Zfz, use load Syz and environmental load Hfz; The deadweight load Zfz refers to the weight of the single structure of the ancient building and is obtained through point cloud data; The usage load Syz refers to the load borne by the single structure of the ancient building during use, including the internal flow of people, behavioral data, and objects, and the additional weight during the use of the ancient building. It is obtained through the investigation and statistics of the usage of the single structure of the ancient building. The usage load Syz> self-weight load Zfz; Environmental load Hfz refers to the load borne by the single structure of the ancient building under a specific external environment, and is calculated using the following formula:

[0016] In the formula, Sdz represents humidity load, Wdz represents temperature load, Trz represents soil load, and Xzh represents snow load; humidity load Sdz, temperature load Wdz, soil load Trz and snow load Xzh have been dimensionless, and B is the second correction coefficient; The humidity load Sdz is obtained through real-time monitoring by humidity sensors, and refers to the expansion and contraction of the building structure caused by humidity changes; the temperature load Wdz is obtained through real-time monitoring of the temperature conditions inside and outside the building by temperature sensors, and indicates the expansion and contraction of the building structure caused by temperature changes; the soil load Trz refers to the impact of soil deformation and bearing capacity on the building structure, and is obtained through soil mechanics testing and geological surveys; the snow load Xzh refers to the weight of snow borne by the building structure, and is obtained through real-time monitoring of snowfall by the meteorological station.

[0017] Preferably, after the deadweight load Zfz, the use load Syz and the environmental load Hfz are dimensionlessly processed, the load factor Fzx is calculated by the following formula:

[0018] Wherein, e1, e2 and e3 represent the weight values ​​of self-weight load Zfz, service load Syz and environmental load Hfz respectively, and 0<e1<1, 0<e2<1, 0<e3<1, e1+e2+e3=1; C is the third correction coefficient; The preset load threshold K3 is compared and evaluated with the load factor Fzx, generating the following results: If the load threshold K3>load factor Fzx, it means that the load capacity of the single structure of the ancient building is normal. In this case, no marking is done and sorting preparation is carried out; If the load threshold K3 ≤ load coefficient Fzx, it means that the load capacity of the single structure of the ancient building is abnormal. At this time, a third repair mark is made for the load coefficient Fzx, and then preparations for sorting are carried out.

[0019] Preferably, the first ones obtained on the model of each ancient building monomer structure in the ancient building group are counted and sorted according to the number of annotations, and the ancient building monomer structure with the largest number of annotations on the model is repaired first.

[0020] Preferably, when repairing a single structure of an ancient building, if the number of markings on the single structure model of the ancient building is equal or there is no marking, the values ​​of the historical coefficient Lsx, the environmental coefficient Dls and the load coefficient Fzx are compared. At the same time, the historical coefficient Lsx, the environmental coefficient Dls and the load coefficient Fzx respectively represent the damage caused by historical reasons, the damage caused by environmental reasons and the damage caused by load reasons of the ancient building; the coefficient with a large value indicates the main cause of the damage to the ancient building, and it is repaired first. Finally, a repair report is generated for each single structure of the ancient building.

[0021] Beneficial Effects The present invention provides a method for reconstructing an ancient building structure analysis model, which has the following beneficial effects: (1) This method is to reconstruct the structure of an ancient building using point cloud data obtained through laser scanning technology. In the restoration work, digital modeling provides a more intuitive and comprehensive understanding of the structure of the ancient building. A comprehensive analysis of the factors affecting the restoration of the ancient building, including historical factors, geographical and climatic environmental factors, and load factors, is conducted to ensure that the restored ancient building structure is stable, safe, and sustainable in the long term. The restoration sequence of each individual structure of the ancient building is sorted according to the number of restoration annotations and the size of the influencing factors, so as to rationally plan the priority of the restoration work and provide clear guidance for the restoration process.

[0022] (2) This reconstruction method of the ancient building structural analysis model collects simulated structural model data of the ancient building single structure and establishes a standard data set to form a unified evaluation standard, thereby improving the scientificity and accuracy of the evaluation; combines historical coefficients, environmental coefficients and load coefficients to conduct a multi-factor evaluation, comprehensively considers the structural stability, material protection and durability, environmental adaptability and cultural protection and inheritance of the ancient building single structure, and protects the integrity of the ancient building single structure to the greatest extent; prioritizes the restoration according to the evaluation results, and formulates an individualized restoration plan based on the different number of restoration annotations and the size of influencing factors for each ancient building single structure, so as to timely prevent the damage of the severely damaged ancient building single structure from further deteriorating, better meet the restoration needs of the ancient building single structure, and improve the restoration effect and long-term protection effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a process for reconstructing an ancient building structure analysis model according to the present invention; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] Example 1 See also Figure 1 , a reconstruction method of an ancient building structure analysis model, comprising the following steps, Step 1: Perform laser scanning on the structure of each ancient building in the ancient building complex to obtain point cloud data on the building surface for subsequent analysis and modeling; perform three-dimensional digital modeling on the single ancient building based on the point cloud data, and simultaneously form a three-dimensional model group of the ancient building single structure; Step 2: Analyze the restoration impact and historical factors of each ancient building monomer structure; first collect various historical data of the ancient building monomer structure as parameters, and through calculation, associate various parameters and quantify the historical factors of the ancient building monomer structure to obtain: historical coefficient Lsx, and evaluate it, and perform the first restoration annotation according to the first evaluation result; Step 3: Secondly, analyze the environment where the ancient building monomer structure is located, and collect relevant parameters of the geographical environment and climate environment where the ancient building monomer structure is located; and quantify the impact of the geographical environment and climate environment on the ancient building monomer structure to calculate and obtain the environmental coefficient Dls and evaluate it. According to different evaluation results, perform the second restoration annotation; Step 4: Finally, analyze the load of the ancient building monomer structure itself, collect the load data of the ancient building monomer structure and calculate the load coefficient Fzx, quantify the load factors of the ancient building monomer structure, and then evaluate it; preset the threshold K3 to compare different evaluation results, and then perform the third repair annotation; Step 5. Sort the order of restoration of each ancient building structure according to the number of restoration marks obtained for each ancient building structure. When restoring an ancient building structure, compare the values ​​of the historical coefficient Lsx, the environmental coefficient Dls and the load coefficient Fzx, and generate a recommendation report on the restoration and protection of the ancient building structure based on the values ​​of each influencing factor.

[0026] In this embodiment, when analyzing the factors affecting the restoration of each single structure of the ancient building, the stability of the structure is further considered, including the bearing capacity, stress conditions and crack distribution of the structure, and the material properties of the ancient building and the impact of aging over time on the structure are considered, which is helpful to evaluate the stability and durability of the structure, and obtain relevant information through physical property tests of the materials and investigation of historical documents; the historical characteristics and cultural value of the ancient buildings are respected in the restoration work, the original appearance and historical traces are preserved, and protective measures are adopted to avoid destroying the original historicity; at the same time, the impact of natural disasters on ancient buildings is considered. During the restoration process, earthquake-resistant, wind-resistant and waterproof measures should be adopted to improve the disaster resistance of ancient buildings; and the sustainability and long-term management of the restoration plan are considered, including regular inspection, maintenance and management of the restored ancient buildings to ensure their long-term stability and sustainable development.

[0027] Example 2 A laser scanner is used to scan different angles and positions of each ancient building's single structure to obtain point cloud data of the ancient building's single structure. The point cloud data is then cleaned and aligned through feature extraction and matching, including the structural features, details and size parameters of each ancient building's single structure. Based on the processed data, CAD software is used to reconstruct the three-dimensional model of each ancient building's single structure. The three-dimensional model is imported into the virtual reality platform, and VR technology is used to simulate the original appearance of the ancient building. At the same time, model data of the ancient building's single structure and simulated structure are collected, and a standard data set is established for later evaluation.

[0028] In this embodiment, the laser scanner scans the ancient building at different angles and positions, generates and records various details and forms of the surface of the ancient building, including point cloud data of structural features, texture and size; the point cloud data is cleaned through feature extraction and matching algorithms to remove noise and irrelevant data generated during the scanning process, and then aligned, during which the point cloud data at different angles and positions are fused into a complete three-dimensional model; based on the cleaned and aligned point cloud data, CAD software is used to perform three-dimensional modeling, including the shape and internal structure of the building; the reconstructed three-dimensional model is imported into a virtual reality platform, and VR technology is used to simulate the original appearance of the ancient building, so that users can better understand its structure and history through virtual reality equipment; at the same time, the simulated structural data of the single structure of the ancient building is collected, including structural parameters, material properties and historical records, etc., which provides a basis and reference for subsequent evaluation and analysis.

[0029] Example 3 The parameters of restoration impact and historical impact of the single structure of the ancient building collected include material loss value Clx, historical bearing load Lsz, structural index Jgx and total number of repairs Wxs; The material loss value Clx indicates the loss degree of the materials currently used in the ancient building, the historical load-bearing load Lsz indicates the load borne by the ancient building in the past, the structural index Jgx indicates the geometric parameters of the single structure of the ancient building, including the wall thickness, the cross-sectional area of ​​the load-bearing column and the span of the beam, and the total number of repairs Wxs indicates the total number of times the single structure of the ancient building has been repaired in the past; The material loss value Clx is used to evaluate the degree of material loss of the single structure of the ancient building through infrared radiation in infrared detection. The historical bearing load Lsz and the total number of repairs Wxs are obtained by investigating historical documents. The structural index Jgx is obtained through simulation calculation of structural analysis software.

[0030] After extracting the material loss value Clx, the historical bearing load Lsz, the structural index Jgx and the total number of repairs Wxs and performing dimensionless processing, the historical coefficient Lsx is calculated using the following formula:

[0031] Where q1, q2, q3 and q4 represent the weight values ​​of material loss value Clx, historical bearing load Lsz, structural index Jgx and total number of maintenance times Wxs respectively; And 0<q1<1, 0<q2<1, 0<q3<1, 0<q4<1, q1+q2+q3+q4=1; A represents the first correction constant; The preset threshold K1 is used to compare and evaluate the historical coefficient Lsx to obtain a first evaluation result, including: If the historical coefficient Lsx>threshold K1, it means that the overall structure and building material stability and loss degree of the ancient building are normal, and the stress condition and bearing capacity are normal. In this case, no mark is made and the geographical environment of the single structure of the ancient building is continued to be evaluated; If the historical coefficient Lsx ≤ threshold K1, it means that the stability and resistance of the overall structure and building materials of the ancient building are abnormal, and the stress conditions and bearing capacity are abnormal. At this time, the first repair mark is made for the historical coefficient Lsx.

[0032] In this embodiment, the material coefficient Clx reflects the resistance and stability of the material, the historical bearing load Lsz reflects the stress of the ancient building under the use and environmental conditions, and the structural coefficient Jgx reflects the form and bearing capacity of the single structure of the ancient building, which is calculated by correlating the wall thickness hd, the cross-sectional area of ​​the load-bearing column hjmj and the span kd of the beam. ; The total number of repairs Wxs reflects the protection and repair effect of the ancient building repair project on the structure. The material loss value Clx, the historical bearing load Lsz, the structural index Jgx and the total number of repairs Wxs are calculated to obtain the historical coefficient Lsx, and then evaluated to quantify the influence of previous repairs and historical factors on the single structure of the ancient building during the repair.

[0033] Example 4 The parameters used to evaluate the geographical environment impact on the single structure of ancient buildings are: average monthly precipitation Yjl, groundwater quality index Dxl, surface slope Dbs, soil bearing value Trz, wind direction frequency Fxp and biological damage area Spm; The historical average monthly precipitation Yjl is obtained through monitoring by rain gauge recorders, which reflects the average monthly precipitation of the geographical environment where the ancient buildings are located. The monthly precipitation in the past three years is collected and statistically calculated to obtain the historical monthly precipitation. The formula for the historical average monthly precipitation Yjl is:

[0034] The groundwater quality index Dxl is obtained through water quality analysis instruments, which reflects the water quality of groundwater, including pH value and the content of organic pollutants per cubic meter wrwhl. After dimensionless processing: pH*wrrhl; The surface slope Dbs is measured by topographic measuring instruments, which reflects the surface slope of the geographical environment where the ancient buildings are located; The soil bearing value Trz is obtained through monitoring by static penetration test instruments, which reflects the foundation stability of the geographical environment where the ancient building is located; The wind direction frequency Fxp is obtained through a wind speed and direction monitor, which reflects the wind direction characteristics of the geographical environment where the ancient building is located; The biological damage area Yhz is obtained through image recognition technology, reflecting the damage area caused by various harmful organisms existing in the ancient building structure.

[0035] After the monthly average precipitation Yjl, groundwater quality index Dxl, surface slope Dbs, soil bearing value Trz, wind direction frequency Fxp and biological damage area Spm are dimensionlessly processed, the environmental coefficient Dls is calculated using the following formula:

[0036] Wherein, w1, w2, w3, w4, w5 and w6 represent the weight values ​​of the average monthly precipitation Yjl, groundwater quality index Dxl, surface slope Dbs, soil bearing value Trz, wind direction frequency Fxp and biological damage area Spm respectively; And 0<w1<1, 0<w2<1, 0<w3<1, 0<w4<1, 0<w5<1, 0<w6<1, and w1+w2+w3+w4+w5+w6=1; The preset environmental threshold K2 is compared with the environmental coefficient Dls to generate the following results: When the environmental threshold K2> the environmental coefficient Dls, it means that the geographical environment and climate environment around the ancient building monomer structure have little impact on the ancient building monomer structure. At this time, the environmental coefficient Dls is not marked, and the load environment of the ancient building monomer structure continues to be evaluated; When the environmental threshold K2≤environmental coefficient Dls, it means that the geographical environment and climate environment around the single structure of the ancient building have a great impact on the single structure of the ancient building. At this time, a second repair mark is made for the environmental coefficient Dls.

[0037] In this embodiment, the average monthly precipitation Yjl represents the precipitation conditions of the geographical environment where the ancient building monomer structure is located. Too high or too low precipitation will cause damage to the ancient building structure; the groundwater quality index Dxl reflects the water quality of the groundwater below the ancient building monomer structure, including pH value and pollutant content, and the quality of groundwater will affect the foundation stability of the ancient building and the durability of building materials; the surface slope Dbs represents the surface slope of the geographical environment where the ancient building monomer structure is located. Changes in the surface slope will affect the stability of the surrounding soil, thereby affecting the foundation and supporting structure of the ancient building. The soil bearing value Trz reflects the geological conditions of the geographical environment in which the ancient building's single structure is located. Different geological conditions will affect the foundation and structural stability of the ancient building. The wind direction frequency Fxp represents the wind field distribution in the geographical environment in which the ancient building's single structure is located. The strength and direction of the wind field will affect the external structure and roof of the ancient building, especially under severe weather conditions. The biological damage area Spm reflects the degree of biological damage in the geographical environment in which the ancient building's single structure is located, including a series of organisms such as fungi, vines and insects. Biological damage can cause corrosion and weakening of the ancient building structure.

[0038] Example 5 The load data that affect the single structure of ancient buildings include: self-weight load Zfz, service load Syz and environmental load Hfz; The deadweight load Zfz refers to the weight of the single structure of the ancient building and is obtained through point cloud data; The service load Syz refers to the load borne by the single structure of the ancient building during use, which is obtained through the investigation and statistics of the use of the single structure of the ancient building; Environmental load Hfz refers to the load borne by the single structure of the ancient building under a specific external environment, and is calculated using the following formula:

[0039] In the formula, Sdz represents humidity load, Wdz represents temperature load, Trz represents soil load, and Xzh represents snow load; humidity load Sdz, temperature load Wdz, soil load Trz and snow load Xzh have been dimensionless, and B is the second correction coefficient; The humidity load Sdz is obtained through real-time monitoring by humidity sensors, and refers to the expansion and contraction of the building structure caused by humidity changes; the temperature load Wdz is obtained through real-time monitoring of the temperature conditions inside and outside the building by temperature sensors, and indicates the expansion and contraction of the building structure caused by temperature changes; the soil load Trz refers to the impact of soil deformation and bearing capacity on the building structure, and is obtained through soil mechanics testing and geological surveys; the snow load Xzh refers to the weight of snow borne by the building structure, and is obtained through real-time monitoring of snowfall by the meteorological station.

[0040] After the self-weight load Zfz, the service load Syz and the environmental load Hfz are dimensionlessly processed, the load factor Fzx is calculated by the following formula;

[0041] Where, e1, e2 and e3 represent the deadweight load Zfz, the service load Syz and the environmental load Hfz respectively, and C is the third correction coefficient; The preset load threshold K3 is compared with the load factor Fzx to generate the following results: If the load threshold K3> load factor Fzx, it means that the load capacity of the single structure of the ancient building is normal. At this time, no load factor is marked and sorting preparation is carried out; If the load threshold K3 ≤ load factor Fzx, it means that the load capacity of the ancient building monomer structure is abnormal. At this time, the load factor is marked for the third repair and sorting preparation is carried out. The load data affecting the ancient building monomer structure include: self-weight load Zfz, use load Syz and environmental load Hfz; The deadweight load Zfz refers to the weight of the single structure of the ancient building and is obtained through point cloud data; The usage load Syz refers to the load borne by the single structure of the ancient building during use, including the internal flow of people, behavioral data, and objects, and the additional weight during the use of the ancient building. It is obtained through the investigation and statistics of the usage of the single structure of the ancient building. The usage load Syz> self-weight load Zfz; Environmental load Hfz refers to the load borne by the single structure of the ancient building under a specific external environment, and is calculated using the following formula:

[0042] In the formula, Sdz represents humidity load, Wdz represents temperature load, Trz represents soil load, and Xzh represents snow load; humidity load Sdz, temperature load Wdz, soil load Trz and snow load Xzh have been dimensionless, and B is the second correction coefficient; The humidity load Sdz is obtained through real-time monitoring by humidity sensors, and refers to the expansion and contraction of the building structure caused by humidity changes; the temperature load Wdz is obtained through real-time monitoring of the temperature conditions inside and outside the building by temperature sensors, and indicates the expansion and contraction of the building structure caused by temperature changes; the soil load Trz refers to the impact of soil deformation and bearing capacity on the building structure, and is obtained through soil mechanics testing and geological surveys; the snow load Xzh refers to the weight of snow borne by the building structure, and is obtained through real-time monitoring of snowfall by the meteorological station.

[0043] After the self-weight load Zfz, the service load Syz and the environmental load Hfz are dimensionlessly processed, the load factor Fzx is calculated by the following formula;

[0044] Wherein, e1, e2 and e3 represent the weight values ​​of self-weight load Zfz, service load Syz and environmental load Hfz respectively, and 0<e1<1, 0<e2<1, 0<e3<1, e1+e2+e3=1; C is the third correction coefficient; The preset load threshold K3 is compared with the load factor Fzx to generate the following results: If the load threshold K3>load factor Fzx, it means that the load capacity of the single structure of the ancient building is normal. In this case, no marking is done and sorting preparation is carried out; If the load threshold K3 ≤ load coefficient Fzx, it means that the load capacity of the single structure of the ancient building is abnormal. At this time, the third repair mark is made for the load coefficient Fzx, and then the sorting preparation work is carried out.

[0045] In this embodiment, the reason for considering the deadweight load Zfz of the ancient building monomer structure is that: because the ancient building has gone through years, its structural materials have aged, fatigued and have defects, so its own weight will have a direct impact on the stability and bearing capacity of the structure. Therefore, during the repair process, it is necessary to fully evaluate whether the deadweight load of the ancient building exceeds the original design bearing capacity range to determine whether the structure of the ancient building needs to be reinforced or modified; The reason for considering the use load Syz is that buildings have different uses and functions in different historical periods, and the density of people and the frequency of use are also different. It is necessary to reasonably evaluate the use load they bear. If the use load of ancient buildings exceeds the design range, it will cause deformation, damage or collapse of the structure. Therefore, corresponding reinforcement and improvement measures need to be taken according to the actual situation during the restoration process; The reason for considering the environmental load Hfz is that different geographical environments and climatic conditions will have different degrees of impact on the structural stability and material properties of ancient buildings. For example, a high humidity environment can easily cause mold and corrosion of the building structure, a cold climate can cause the structure to freeze and crack, and loose or subsidence of the soil can cause foundation settlement. Therefore, during the restoration process, it is necessary to comprehensively consider the impact of the environment in which the ancient building is located, so as to take corresponding protection and reinforcement measures to ensure the structural safety and stability of the ancient building under different environmental conditions.

[0046] Example 6 Among the ancient building groups, the first one obtained on each ancient building single structure model is counted and sorted according to the number of annotations. The ancient building single structure with the largest number of annotations on the model will be repaired first.

[0047] When repairing a single structure of an ancient building, if the number of markings on the single structure model of the ancient building is equal or there is no marking, the values ​​of the historical coefficient Lsx, the environmental coefficient Dls and the load coefficient Fzx are compared. At the same time, the historical coefficient Lsx, the environmental coefficient Dls and the load coefficient Fzx respectively represent the damage caused by historical reasons, the damage caused by environmental reasons and the damage caused by load reasons of the ancient building; the coefficient with a large value indicates the main cause of the damage to the ancient building, and it is repaired first. Finally, a repair report is generated for each single structure of the ancient building.

[0048] In this embodiment, for the model of each single structure of an ancient building, the number of annotations obtained is counted, and these annotations represent different problems. According to the number of annotations obtained on the model of the single structure of the ancient building, it helps to determine which ancient buildings need to be repaired first, and priority is given to repairing the single structures of the ancient buildings with the largest number of annotations, which means that these structures have more problems or need more repair work; if there are multiple single structures of ancient buildings with the same number of annotations, or no annotations, additional comparisons are required. In this case, the magnitude of the values ​​of historical influencing factors, environmental influencing factors and load influencing factors is considered, and the repair priority of each single structure of the ancient building is determined. If the value of a certain factor is large, it means that this factor has a greater impact on the stability of the structure, and this factor should be given priority during repair.

[0049] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for reconstructing an ancient building structural analysis model, characterized in that: The following steps are included: Step 1: Perform laser scanning on each single structure of the ancient building in the ancient building complex to obtain point cloud data on the building surface for subsequent analysis and modeling; perform three-dimensional digital modeling on the single ancient building based on the point cloud data, and simultaneously form a three-dimensional model group of the single structure of the ancient building; Step 2: Analyze the restoration impact and historical factors of each ancient building monomer structure; first collect various historical data of the ancient building monomer structure as parameters, and through calculation, associate various parameters and quantify the historical factors of the ancient building monomer structure to obtain: historical coefficient Lsx, and evaluate it, and perform the first restoration annotation according to the first evaluation result; Step 3: Secondly, analyze the environment where the ancient building monomer structure is located, and collect relevant parameters of the geographical environment and climate environment where the ancient building monomer structure is located; and quantify the impact of the geographical environment and climate environment on the ancient building monomer structure to calculate and obtain the environmental coefficient Dls and evaluate it. According to different evaluation results, perform the second restoration annotation; Step 4: Finally, analyze the load of the ancient building monomer structure itself, collect the load data of the ancient building monomer structure and calculate the load coefficient Fzx, quantify the load factors of the ancient building monomer structure, and then evaluate it; preset the threshold K3 to compare different evaluation results, and then perform the third repair annotation; Step 5: sort the restoration order of each ancient building monomer structure according to the number of restoration marks obtained for each ancient building monomer structure; When repairing a single structure of an ancient building, compare the values ​​of the historical coefficient Lsx, the environmental coefficient Dls and the load coefficient Fzx, and generate a recommendation report on the repair and protection of the single structure of the ancient building based on the numerical values ​​of each influencing factor.

2. The method for reconstructing an ancient building structural analysis model according to claim 1, characterized in that: A laser scanner is used to scan different angles and positions of each ancient building's single structure to obtain point cloud data of the ancient building's single structure. The point cloud data is then cleaned and aligned through feature extraction and matching, including the structural features, details and size parameters of each ancient building's single structure. Based on the processed data, CAD software is used to reconstruct the three-dimensional model of each ancient building's single structure. The three-dimensional model is imported into the virtual reality platform, and VR technology is used to simulate the original appearance of the ancient building. At the same time, model data of the ancient building's single structure and simulated structure are collected, and a standard data set is established for later evaluation.

3. The method for reconstructing an ancient building structural analysis model according to claim 1, characterized in that: The parameters of restoration impact and historical impact of the single structure of the ancient building collected include material loss value Clx, historical bearing load Lsz, structural index Jgx and total number of repairs Wxs; The material loss value Clx indicates the loss degree of the materials currently used in the ancient building, the historical load-bearing load Lsz indicates the load borne by the ancient building in the past, the structural index Jgx indicates the geometric parameters of the single structure of the ancient building, including the wall thickness, the cross-sectional area of ​​the load-bearing column and the span of the beam, and the total number of repairs Wxs indicates the total number of times the single structure of the ancient building has been repaired in the past; The material loss value Clx is used to evaluate the degree of material loss of the single structure of the ancient building through infrared radiation in infrared detection. The historical bearing load Lsz and the total number of repairs Wxs are obtained by investigating historical documents. The structural index Jgx is obtained through simulation calculation of structural analysis software.

4. The method for reconstructing an ancient building structural analysis model according to claim 2, characterized in that: After extracting the material loss value Clx, the historical bearing load Lsz, the structural index Jgx and the total number of repairs Wxs and performing dimensionless processing, the historical coefficient Lsx is calculated using the following formula: Where q1, q2, q3 and q4 represent the weight values ​​of material loss value Clx, historical bearing load Lsz, structural index Jgx and total number of maintenance times Wxs respectively; And 0<q1<1, 0<q2<1, 0<q3<1, 0<q4<1, q1+q2+q3+q4=1; A represents the first correction constant; The preset threshold K1 is used to compare and evaluate the historical coefficient Lsx to obtain a first evaluation result, including: If the historical coefficient Lsx>threshold K1, it means that the overall structure and building material stability and loss degree of the ancient building are normal, and the stress condition and bearing capacity are normal. In this case, no mark is made and the geographical environment of the single structure of the ancient building is continued to be evaluated; If the historical coefficient Lsx ≤ threshold K1, it means that the stability and resistance of the overall structure and building materials of the ancient building are abnormal, and the stress conditions and bearing capacity are abnormal. At this time, the first repair mark is made for the historical coefficient Lsx.

5. The method for reconstructing an ancient building structural analysis model according to claim 1, characterized in that: The parameters used to evaluate the geographical environment impact on the single structure of ancient buildings are: average monthly precipitation Yjl, groundwater quality index Dxl, surface slope Dbs, soil bearing value Trz, wind direction frequency Fxp and biological damage area Spm; The historical average monthly precipitation Yjl is obtained through monitoring by rain gauge recorders, which reflects the average monthly precipitation of the geographical environment where the ancient buildings are located. The monthly precipitation in the past three years is collected and statistically calculated to obtain the historical monthly precipitation. The formula for the historical average monthly precipitation Yjl is: The groundwater quality index Dxl is obtained through water quality analysis instruments, which reflects the water quality of groundwater, including pH value and the content of organic pollutants per cubic meter wrwhl. After dimensionless processing: pH*wrrhl; The surface slope Dbs is measured by topographic measuring instruments, which reflects the surface slope of the geographical environment where the ancient buildings are located; The soil bearing value Trz is obtained through monitoring by static penetration test instruments, which reflects the foundation stability of the geographical environment where the ancient building is located; The wind direction frequency Fxp is obtained through a wind speed and direction monitor, which reflects the wind direction characteristics of the geographical environment where the ancient building is located; The biological damage area Yhz is obtained through image recognition technology, reflecting the damage area caused by various harmful organisms existing in the ancient building structure.

6. The method for reconstructing an ancient building structural analysis model according to claim 1, characterized in that: After the monthly average precipitation Yjl, groundwater quality index Dxl, surface slope Dbs, soil bearing value Trz, wind direction frequency Fxp and biological damage area Spm are dimensionlessly processed, the environmental coefficient Dls is calculated using the following formula: Wherein, w1, w2, w3, w4, w5 and w6 represent the weight values ​​of the average monthly precipitation Yjl, groundwater quality index Dxl, surface slope Dbs, soil bearing value Trz, wind direction frequency Fxp and biological damage area Spm respectively; And 0<w1<1, 0<w2<1, 0<w3<1, 0<w4<1, 0<w5<1, 0<w6<1, and w1+w2+w3+w4+w5+w6=1; The preset environmental threshold K2 is compared with the environmental coefficient Dls to generate the following results: When the environmental threshold K2> the environmental coefficient Dls, it means that the geographical environment and climate environment around the ancient building monomer structure have little impact on the ancient building monomer structure. At this time, the environmental coefficient Dls is not marked, and the load environment of the ancient building monomer structure continues to be evaluated; When the environmental threshold K2≤environmental coefficient Dls, it means that the geographical environment and climate environment around the single structure of the ancient building have a great impact on the single structure of the ancient building. At this time, a second repair mark is made for the environmental coefficient Dls.

7. The method for reconstructing an ancient building structural analysis model according to claim 1, characterized in that: The load data that affect the single structure of ancient buildings include: self-weight load Zfz, service load Syz and environmental load Hfz; The deadweight load Zfz refers to the weight of the single structure of the ancient building and is obtained through point cloud data; The usage load Syz refers to the load borne by the single structure of the ancient building during use, including the internal flow of people, behavioral data, and objects, and the additional weight during the use of the ancient building. It is obtained through the investigation and statistics of the usage of the single structure of the ancient building. The usage load Syz> self-weight load Zfz; Environmental load Hfz refers to the load borne by the single structure of the ancient building under a specific external environment, and is calculated using the following formula: In the formula, Sdz represents humidity load, Wdz represents temperature load, Trz represents soil load, and Xzh represents snow load; humidity load Sdz, temperature load Wdz, soil load Trz and snow load Xzh have been dimensionless, and B is the second correction coefficient; The humidity load Sdz is obtained through real-time monitoring by humidity sensors, and refers to the expansion and contraction of the building structure caused by humidity changes; the temperature load Wdz is obtained through real-time monitoring of the temperature conditions inside and outside the building by temperature sensors, and indicates the expansion and contraction of the building structure caused by temperature changes; the soil load Trz refers to the impact of soil deformation and bearing capacity on the building structure, and is obtained through soil mechanics testing and geological surveys; the snow load Xzh refers to the weight of snow borne by the building structure, and is obtained through real-time monitoring of snowfall by the meteorological station.

8. The method for reconstructing an ancient building structural analysis model according to claim 7, characterized in that: After the self-weight load Zfz, the service load Syz and the environmental load Hfz are dimensionlessly processed, the load factor Fzx is calculated by the following formula; Wherein, e1, e2 and e3 represent the weight values ​​of self-weight load Zfz, service load Syz and environmental load Hfz respectively, and 0<e1<1, 0<e2<1, 0<e3<1, e1+e2+e3=1; C is the third correction coefficient; The preset load threshold K3 is compared and evaluated with the load factor Fzx, generating the following results: If the load threshold K3>load factor Fzx, it means that the load capacity of the single structure of the ancient building is normal. In this case, no marking is done and sorting preparation is carried out; If the load threshold K3 ≤ load coefficient Fzx, it means that the load capacity of the single structure of the ancient building is abnormal. At this time, the third repair mark is made for the load coefficient Fzx, and then the sorting preparation work is carried out.

9. The method for reconstructing an ancient building structural analysis model according to claim 1, characterized in that: Among the ancient building groups, the first one obtained on each ancient building single structure model is counted and sorted according to the number of annotations. The ancient building single structure with the largest number of annotations on the model will be repaired first.

10. The method for reconstructing an ancient building structural analysis model according to claim 1, characterized in that: When repairing a single structure of an ancient building, if the number of markings on the single structure model of the ancient building is equal or there is no marking, the values ​​of the historical coefficient Lsx, the environmental coefficient Dls and the load coefficient Fzx are compared. At the same time, the historical coefficient Lsx, the environmental coefficient Dls and the load coefficient Fzx respectively represent the damage caused by historical reasons, the damage caused by environmental reasons and the damage caused by load reasons of the ancient building; the coefficient with a large value indicates the main cause of the damage to the ancient building, and it is repaired first. Finally, a repair report is generated for each single structure of the ancient building.

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