Design method of multi-stage electromagnetic coil launcher system and launcher system

Abstract

The present invention discloses a design method for a multi-stage electromagnetic coil launcher system and a launcher system, comprising: S1, based on a predetermined launch performance, a multi-objective genetic algorithm is used to reversely calculate the parameter index of the multi-stage electromagnetic coil launcher that meets the performance; S2, the parameter index obtained in S1 is substituted into a lumped parameter model and a finite element model to calculate the launch process, and verify whether the launch performance can meet the requirements; S3, based on the parameter index that meets the requirements, a multi-stage electromagnetic coil applied to the launcher system is prepared. The present invention provides a design method for a multi-stage electromagnetic coil launcher system and a launcher system, which can meet the launch performance and size requirements of launching an object with a mass of 140kg to 50m / s, and has a wider range of stability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of electromagnetic launch, and more specifically, to a design method of a multi-stage electromagnetic coil launcher system and a launcher system. Background Art

[0002] Electromagnetic launch technology is an emerging launch technology. It realizes the conversion of electromagnetic energy into mechanical energy through electromagnetic force, overcomes the limitations of gunpowder launch, can launch objects to ultra-high speed, reduces costs, and has safe and controllable energy. Electromagnetic launch can also be used to accelerate a variety of large-mass objects, such as missiles, rockets, torpedoes, drones, aircraft, etc., reducing the risk of initial propulsion, and has the characteristics of simplified logistics, flexible speed regulation, and high precision. In addition, due to the small flame, smoke and shock wave, electromagnetic launchers are not easy to be detected. Applying electromagnetic launch to the military is the primary goal of proposing this concept.

[0003] The induction coil gun is a type of electromagnetic launcher with the advantages of non-contact and high efficiency. The main components of the induction coil gun are the driving power supply, the barrel and the armature. The driving coil is fixed on the barrel wall, and each level of the driving coil is connected to a storage capacitor. The discharge of the capacitor in the circuit is controlled by an independent trigger switch. When the controllable switches are triggered and turned on in sequence, the capacitors at each level begin to discharge in sequence. Since the resistance of the discharge circuit is extremely small, the peak value of the pulse current in the circuit is mainly affected by the inductance of the coil. The transient current flowing through the driving coil will induce a transient magnetic field in the barrel, and then induce eddy currents on the armature. The eddy currents are acted upon by the Lorentz force in the changing magnetic field, thereby driving the armature to accelerate forward.

[0004] In terms of mechanism research and analytical calculation, the two main methods currently used are lumped parameter model and finite element model. The advantages of lumped model are simple model, clear physical process, easy programming, fast solution, and the dependence of the result on the parameter can be found from the equation, but various field quantities such as magnetic field density and current density distribution cannot be obtained. The more famous software are Warp-10 and its improved version Slingshot from Sandia Laboratory in the United States, Mesh Matrix from Jet Propulsion Laboratory in the United States, Axicoil, COILGUN and SIM from the University of Texas in the United States.

[0005] For the design and research of the launch system, the drive coil must withstand the radial expansion force generated by the pulse current during the launch process, and the reverse force generated by the projectile. The complex forces can easily lead to the failure of the barrel insulation and damage, affecting the efficiency, structural strength and stability of the launch system. The design of the drive coil and the integrated structure of the launcher have an important impact on the performance of the launcher. In order to test the launch performance of the synchronous induction coil gun, the Sandia Laboratory in the United States designed a 6-stage induction coil launcher. The 6-stage coil adopts a discrete structure with the same electrical and structural parameters. Each stage of the coil is fixed by a stainless steel shell. Kaye RJ et al. designed a 50mm caliber synchronous induction coil gun. The purpose of the research is to verify whether the technology can accelerate the projectile to an initial velocity of 3km / s. The drive coil is spirally wound with a flat copper strip and encapsulated with Kevlar fiber on the outside. It can withstand a maximum radial pressure of 85MPa and an axial pressure of 126MPa. The adjacent coils are bolted to maintain concentricity. Kaye RJ et al. improved and evaluated the design of the drive coil of the synchronous induction coil gun. In order to reduce the impact of eddy currents in the copper strip on the launch performance, the original copper strip was replaced with a reinforced stranded wire. The designed coil can withstand a base pressure of about 100MPa. During the test, a projectile with an outer diameter of 47mm and a mass of 237g was accelerated to an initial velocity of 1km / s. The deformation of the drive coil under the impact of the pulsed electromagnetic force was less than 1mm, which verified the feasibility of the coil design.

[0006] In the existing multi-stage coil launch research, most of the attention is paid to the launch performance indicator, while the reliability research of the driving coil during the launch process is still lacking, and a more mature and reliable system solution needs to be designed.

[0007] For example, the patent number CN112069703A discloses a predictive optimization design method for an electromagnetic coil launch system, which is characterized by constructing launch performance samples and optimization target samples, combining support vector regression models and intelligent optimization algorithms, achieving comprehensive consideration and global optimization of multiple technical indicators, and significantly improving the performance and optimization efficiency of the system. However, the model is relatively complex, which affects real-time performance when processing a large number of samples and high-dimensional parameters, and lacks practical application case descriptions.

[0008] Another example is the patent number CN116720327A, which discloses a method for calculating the weights of key parameters of a coil-type electromagnetic launch system. The method is characterized by establishing a simulation model and using the control variable method to systematically analyze the mutual influence of multiple key parameters, combining the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) to construct a judgment matrix, and quantitatively calculate the weights of each parameter, thereby providing a theoretical basis for the design optimization of electromagnetic coil weapons and improving the exit speed of the launcher and the system launch efficiency. However, the nonlinear relationship of all potential factors in the multi-stage coil launch system is not fully considered, which in turn affects the comprehensiveness and accuracy of the weight calculation; and the lack of analysis and consideration of the strength of the drive coil structure affects the design reliability. Summary of the invention

[0009] An object of the present invention is to solve at least the above problems and / or disadvantages and to provide at least the advantages which will be described hereinafter.

[0010] In order to achieve these objectives and other advantages of the present invention, a design method for a multi-stage electromagnetic coil transmitter system is provided, comprising:

[0011] S1. Based on the predetermined launch performance, a multi-objective genetic algorithm is used to back-calculate the parameter indicators of the multi-stage electromagnetic coil launcher that meets the performance;

[0012] S2, substitute the parameter index obtained in S1 into the lumped parameter model and the finite element model to calculate the emission process and verify whether the emission can meet the requirements;

[0013] S3. Prepare a multi-stage electromagnetic coil for use in the transmitter system based on parameter indicators that meet the requirements.

[0014] Preferably, in S1, the emission performance refers to emission quality and emission speed;

[0015] The method of back-calculating the parameter index of the multi-stage electromagnetic coil transmitter using the target genetic algorithm includes:

[0016] S10, taking each level of electromagnetic coil as a component, and determining the initial values ​​of parameter indicators of each level of components of the transmitter system based on the input transmission performance and size constraints;

[0017] S11, set the population size to 100, the crossover probability to 0.8, and the mutation probability to 0.1 to complete the initial settings;

[0018] S12, encoding the parameters of each component to obtain individuals in the genetic algorithm;

[0019] S13, based on the launch speed, temperature rise and stress constraints, the penalty function method is used to construct a fitness function to evaluate the performance of individuals under multi-objective constraints;

[0020] S14, through the genetic operations of selection, crossover and mutation, to output the individuals with the highest fitness;

[0021] S15, substitute the parameters corresponding to the output individuals in S14 into the lumped parameter model and the finite element model, verify the emission performance, temperature rise and stress, and end if satisfied, otherwise return to S12.

[0022] Preferably, in S10, the parameter indicators include but are not limited to coil levels, coil length, coil spacing, capacitor voltage, and capacitor value.

[0023] Preferably, in S13, the temperature rise constraint refers to comparing the calculated temperature rise values ​​of the coil and the armature during the launch process with the maximum allowed temperature rise, and if the limit is exceeded, the fitness is penalized;

[0024] The stress constraint refers to comparing the calculated stress on the drive coil and the armature with the allowable stress of the material. If the allowable stress is exceeded, the adaptability is reduced accordingly.

[0025] Preferably, in S15, the temperature rise verification refers to: calculating the temperature rise of the coil based on the calculated coil current to determine whether the temperature rise meets the temperature resistance characteristics of the material;

[0026] The stress verification refers to calculating the maximum stress of the coil under the peak current in the electromagnetic-structural coupling field, and judging whether the maximum stress is less than the safety stress requirement of the coil material based on the fourth strength theory as the stress criterion.

[0027] Preferably, in S15, the lumped parameter model includes a drive coil circuit and an armature matched therewith;

[0028] Wherein, when performing calculations, the armature is composed of n slice-type circuit rings.

[0029] Preferably, in S15, the emission result of the multi-stage coil is calculated by the following equation:

[0030]

[0031] In the above formula, U represents the voltage across the capacitors at each level, I is the current matrix in each current loop of the drive coil and the armature, L is the self-inductance of the drive coil and the mutual inductance matrix between each current loop of the armature, R is the resistance of each current loop of the drive coil and the armature, dM is the mutual inductance gradient between the drive coil and the armature current loop, v is the movement speed of the armature, C is the capacitance value of the capacitors at each level, G is the matrix describing the conduction state of the diode and the switch, and F a is the electromagnetic force on the armature, m ais the armature mass, x is the displacement in the direction of armature motion, I T is the transpose of the current matrix.

[0032] A multi-stage electromagnetic coil is prepared by adopting a design method of a multi-stage electromagnetic coil transmitter system, comprising: a multi-stage driving coil and a pulse power supply module matched with each stage of the driving coil;

[0033] Wherein, the multi-stage driving coil comprises:

[0034] A hollow insulating inner tube;

[0035] Multiple layers of coils are wound around the outside of the insulating inner cylinder, and each layer of coils is separated by epoxy cylinders of different diameters;

[0036] An annular end plate is arranged at both ends of each layer of epoxy cylinder and matches with the clamping ring protruding outward from the outside of the insulating inner cylinder;

[0037] The annular end plate is flush with both ends of the insulating tube, connected to the end surface of the outermost epoxy tube, and the inner edge side of the annular end plate is fixedly connected to the connecting piece through a pressing block and a fastening mechanism.

[0038] A transmitter system uses a multi-stage electromagnetic coil and also includes a hollow armature for inducing eddy currents to push a load under the action of electromagnetic force.

[0039] The present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0040] (1) Efficient launch performance: After iterative optimization design, the present invention has achieved the launch of a 140kg mass object at a speed of 50m / s. The overall launch efficiency of the scheme is high, and the launch performance is significantly improved compared with that in the comparative documents.

[0041] (2) Optimized energy management: The design of the pulse power module enables fast energy release and high utilization efficiency, effectively controls the energy flow during the emission process, and extends the service life of the capacitor. This design has not received sufficient attention in the comparative documents.

[0042] (3) High-quality material selection and application: The present invention uses highly conductive copper and glass fiber reinforced epoxy resin to improve the mechanical strength and electrical insulation performance of the drive coil, ensuring that the system meets the transmission performance requirements. The comprehensive evaluation of this material lacks in-depth analysis in the comparative documents.

[0043] (4) Safety and reliability of system design: The present invention ensures the safety and reliability of the launch process and reduces potential risks through theoretical calculation and simulation design of multi-stage coil launch. This point is not fully reflected in the comparative documents.

[0044] Other advantages, objectives and features of the present invention will be embodied in part through the following description, and in part will be understood by those skilled in the art through study and practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0045] Figure 1 is a structural diagram of the driving coil of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 2 It is a processing flow chart of the multi-objective genetic algorithm of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 3 is an equivalent circuit diagram of the lumped parameter model of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 4 It is a comparison diagram of the calculation results of the finite element model (finite element method) and the lumped parameter model (current loop method) of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 5 2 is a schematic diagram of the verification result of the maximum equivalent stress of the driving coil of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the verification result of the drive coil deformation of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings so that those skilled in the art can implement the invention with reference to the description.

[0052] According to the practical requirements of actual engineering design, the present invention intends to adopt multiple levels of drive coils and pulse power supplies with the same specifications and parameters to greatly enhance the convenience of device assembly and insulation design.

[0053] The multi-stage electromagnetic coil launcher design method of the present invention is based on the launch performance requirement of launching an object with a mass of 140kg to 50m / s. In the design, theoretical calculation and simulation design of multi-stage coil launch are carried out. According to the design objectives and temperature rise and stress constraints (i.e., electromagnetic, thermal, stress and other constraints are considered), the parameters of each component are iteratively optimized and designed through a multi-objective genetic algorithm. The parameters of each component of the multi-stage coil launch are obtained through iterative optimization, so as to realize a safe and reliable system design that meets the launch requirements.

[0054] like Figure 2 As shown, the processing flow of the multi-objective genetic algorithm includes:

[0055] According to the launch target and size constraints, the initial values ​​of the parameters of each component of the launch system are given. The parameters include but are not limited to the number of coils, coil length, coil spacing, capacitor voltage, capacitor value, etc. Set the population size to 100, the crossover probability to 0.8, and the mutation probability to 0.1. Then encode the parameters of each component to form an individual in the genetic algorithm. Considering factors such as launch speed, temperature rise and stress, the penalty function method is used to construct the fitness function. For the temperature rise constraint, the calculated temperature rise value of the coil and armature during the launch process is compared with the maximum allowable temperature rise. If the limit is exceeded, the fitness is penalized. Similarly, for the stress constraint, the calculated stress of the drive coil and armature is compared with the allowable stress of the material. If the allowable stress is exceeded, the fitness is reduced accordingly. In this way, the fitness function can comprehensively evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of individuals under multi-objective constraints. After the genetic operations of selection, crossover and mutation, the individual with the highest fitness is output. According to the specific parameter values ​​of the individual obtained, the launch process is calculated in the lumped parameter model and the finite element model to verify that the launch performance meets the requirements. According to the calculated coil current, the coil temperature rise is calculated, and the temperature rise should meet the material temperature resistance characteristics; the maximum stress of the coil under the peak current is calculated in the electromagnetic-structural coupling field, and the fourth strength theory is used as the stress criterion to determine whether the maximum stress is less than the safety stress requirement of the coil material. When the launch performance, temperature rise and stress meet the requirements, the optimized five-level coil launch scheme is finally obtained, and the parameters of the five-level coil launch device are shown in Table 1.

[0056] parameter Numeric Coil level 5 Coil inner diameter / mm 374 Coil length / mm 203 Coil spacing / mm 55 Armature length / mm 220 Armature outer diameter / mm 360 Capacitor voltage / V 4000 Capacitance value / mF 16

[0057] Table 1

[0058] The multi-objective genetic algorithm optimization design method of this scheme combines the specific structure and parameters of each component to carry out the design, taking into account the convenience and feasibility of engineering implementation, using multi-level drive coils and pulse power supplies with the same specifications and parameters, and through the multi-objective optimization genetic algorithm, a design scheme that meets the launch performance and meets the temperature rise and stress constraints is obtained. The overall scheme not only has high launch efficiency, but also has practicality and feasibility.

[0059] Establish a lumped parameter model for multi-stage coil transmission, such as Figure 3 As shown, where C is the capacitance of the power supply used to drive the coil; R d , L d are the resistance and inductance of the driving coil, i d For the flow through R d The current R pj , L pj are the resistance and inductance of the jth current loop of the armature, i pj is the current flowing through the jth current loop; M jis the mutual inductance between the driving coil and the jth current loop; M ij is the mutual inductance between the i-th current loop and the j-th current loop. According to the equivalent circuit, Kirchhoff's voltage law is used to write the loop equation in matrix form, and the electromagnetic force expression on the armature and the motion equation are combined to obtain the differential equation group:

[0060]

[0061] Where U represents the voltage across the capacitors at each level, I is the current matrix in each current loop of the drive coil and the armature, L is the self-inductance of the drive coil and the mutual inductance matrix between each current loop of the armature, R is the resistance of each current loop of the drive coil and the armature, dM is the mutual inductance gradient between the drive coil and the armature current loop, v is the movement speed of the armature, C is the capacitance value of the capacitors at each level, G is the matrix describing the conduction state of the diode and the switch, and F is the resistance of the drive coil and the armature current loop, dM is the mutual inductance gradient between the drive coil and the armature current loop, v is the movement speed of the armature, C is the capacitance value of the capacitors at each level, G is the matrix describing the conduction state of the diode and the switch, and F is the resistance of the drive coil and the armature current loop, and ... a is the electromagnetic force on the armature, m a is the armature mass, x is the displacement in the direction of armature motion, I T is the transpose of the current matrix. The above differential equations are numerically solved to obtain the multi-stage coil emission results.

[0062] The lumped parameter model and the finite element model are used for calculation and comparison. The comparison results are as follows Figure 4 As shown in the figure, the launch speed is 55.37m / s, the launch efficiency is 33.5%, and the calculation error of the two methods is less than 2%. From the coil current waveform during the launch process, it is calculated that the temperature rise on the coil is less than 15℃, which meets the temperature rise requirements. At the same time, through electromagnetic-structural coupling simulation, the maximum equivalent stress on the drive coil and the coil deformation results during the launch process are calculated, as shown in Figure 5-Figure 6 As shown in the figure, the results meet the material stress requirements. In the three steps, the electromagnetic-structural coupling simulation method is introduced to check the stress strength of the drive coil to ensure the structural integrity under complex mechanical conditions, thereby improving the overall reliability of the system.

[0063] Through the above simulation process, it can be found that the design method of this scheme includes the following effects:

[0064] (1) Achieve efficient launch performance: After iterative optimization design, a five-stage electromagnetic coil launch solution was obtained, which enables a 140kg mass object to be launched at a speed of 50m / s. The overall solution has high launch performance.

[0065] (2) Practical and reliable system design: The design is carried out in combination with the specific structure and parameters of each component, taking into account the convenience and feasibility of project implementation. Multi-stage drive coils and pulse power supplies of the same specifications are used. While meeting the launch performance, the temperature rise and stress constraint conditions are evaluated and verified, ensuring the safety and reliability of the launch process and reducing potential risks.

[0066] (3) Optimized energy management: The pulse power module design enables fast energy release and high utilization efficiency, which can effectively control the energy flow during the transmission process and extend the service life of the capacitor. The thermal management of the power module is taken into consideration, and the heat dissipation structure of the power module is reasonably designed to ensure that the temperature rise inside the module is kept within a safe range during high-power transmission, thereby ensuring the stability of the system operation.

[0067] (4) Application of high-quality materials: In the design of the multi-stage drive coil, high-conductivity copper and glass fiber reinforced epoxy resin are selected. These materials not only improve the mechanical strength and electrical insulation performance of the drive coil, but also enable the system to meet the emission performance requirements. Comprehensive evaluation of the material performance in terms of cost, performance and processability ensures the economy and practicality of the overall design.

[0068] (5) Coil stress strength verification: Through electromagnetic-structural coupling simulation and combined with the material mechanics constitutive model, the designed drive coil was stress-strength verified, ensuring the structural integrity of the transmitter under complex mechanical conditions and improving the overall reliability of the system.

[0069] (6) The present invention has designed a multi-objective genetic algorithm optimization design method, and combined it with electromagnetic-structural coupling simulation to enhance the launch performance of the multi-stage electromagnetic coil launcher system, improve the energy utilization efficiency, ensure the safety and reliability of the system, and provide certain ideas for efficient and reliable electromagnetic launch design.

[0070] Example:

[0071] A multi-stage electromagnetic coil transmitter system includes a multi-stage drive coil, an armature, and a pulse power supply module. The multi-stage drive coil is used to generate a transient magnetic field during the transmission process, the armature is used to induce eddy currents and push a load under the action of electromagnetic force, and the pulse power supply module is used to provide transmission energy.

[0072] The multi-stage driving coil comprises:

[0073] A hollow insulating inner tube 1;

[0074] A multi-layer coil 2 is wound around the outside of the insulating inner cylinder, and each layer of the coil 2 is separated by epoxy cylinders 3 of different diameters;

[0075] An annular end plate 5 is arranged at both ends of each layer of epoxy cylinder 3 and matches with a clamping ring 4 protruding outward from the outer side of the insulating inner cylinder 1;

[0076] Among them, the annular end plate 5 is flush with both ends of the insulating tube 1, the annular end plate 5 is connected to the end face of the outermost epoxy tube 3, and the inner edge side of the annular end plate 5 is fixedly connected to the connecting piece 7 through the pressing block 5 and the fastening mechanism 6. Specifically, the multi-stage electromagnetic coil is formed by continuously winding the copper wire to form a solenoid structure, and is encapsulated by a multi-layer epoxy tube. The copper wire is red copper, which has high electrical conductivity, large thermal conductivity, and high mechanical strength. It is not easy to be damaged, and the ultimate strength is 220MPa. The wire diameter of the copper wire is selected to be 10mm, and according to the current-carrying characteristic quantity, the current-carrying capacity requirements of the coil are met. The multi-layer epoxy tube uses a fiber composite material, such as glass fiber reinforced epoxy resin, as a reinforcement layer to constrain and fix each layer of the wire. The main function of epoxy resin is electrical insulation and curing reinforcement materials. Together with the reinforcement material, it forms a composite structure and can increase the mechanical strength of the fiber. The reinforcement material is glass fiber, which has the advantages of good insulation performance, high strength and low price. The layered reinforcement method can effectively reinforce the coil and make the stress distribution of the coil more uniform. This structure combines a solenoid structure with a highly conductive copper material and is encapsulated with a multi-layer epoxy tube to significantly improve the electrical insulation performance and mechanical strength of the coil, ensuring stability and reliability under high-power transmission conditions.

[0077] The armature is a hollow solid structure with simple structure and convenient processing. The material is copper with high conductivity. The current induced by the copper armature is large and the acceleration force is also large.

[0078] The pulse power supply module is composed of pulse capacitors, thyristors, and diodes. Pulse capacitors have the advantages of high energy storage density, fast energy release speed, high power utilization efficiency, convenient operation and control, and low price. Thyristors, as switching elements, have high working voltages. Generally, they work in parallel with multiple silicon chips in series according to the working conditions. The thyristors are triggered to conduct in sequence, and capacitors at all levels are discharged in sequence. Freewheeling diodes are used in freewheeling circuits to avoid reverse discharge of capacitors during the launch process, thereby improving the service life and reliability of capacitors. This solution achieves rapid energy release and efficient utilization through precisely designed pulse capacitors and thyristor control systems, optimizes the energy flow during the launch process, and extends the service life of components.

[0079] The present invention discloses a multi-stage electromagnetic coil launcher system. Combined with actual engineering requirements, the algorithm optimization design is adopted to obtain a five-stage electromagnetic coil launch scheme to achieve the launch of an object with a mass of 140kg at a speed of 50m / s; the system design is safe and reliable. Through the theoretical calculation and simulation design of multi-stage coil launch, the system meets the launch requirements while ensuring the safety and reliability of the launch process and reducing potential risks; optimize energy management, the pulse power supply module design makes the energy release speed fast and the utilization efficiency high, can effectively control the energy flow during the launch process, and extend the service life of the capacitor. Taking into account the thermal management problem of the power module, the heat dissipation structure of the power module is reasonably designed to ensure that the temperature rise inside the module is kept within a safe range during high-power launch, ensuring the stability of the system operation; select high-quality materials, and select high-conductivity copper and glass fiber reinforced epoxy resin in the design of the multi-stage drive coil. These materials not only improve the mechanical strength and electrical insulation performance of the drive coil, but also make the system meet the launch performance requirements. Comprehensively evaluate the performance of the material in terms of cost, performance and processability to ensure the economy and practicality of the overall design; stress strength verification is carried out on the designed drive coil. The structural integrity of the launcher under complex mechanical conditions is ensured, and the overall reliability of the system is improved.

[0080] The above solution is only an illustration of a preferred embodiment, but is not limited thereto. When implementing the present invention, appropriate replacement and / or modification can be performed according to user needs.

[0081] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed above, they are not limited to the applications listed in the specification and the embodiments. It can be fully applied to various fields suitable for the present invention. For those familiar with the art, additional modifications can be easily realized. Therefore, without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and equivalent scope, the present invention is not limited to the specific details and the illustrations shown and described here.

Claims

1. A design method for a multi-stage electromagnetic coil transmitter system, characterized in that: include: S1. Based on the predetermined launch performance, a multi-objective genetic algorithm is used to back-calculate the parameter indicators of the multi-stage electromagnetic coil launcher that meets the performance; S2, substitute the parameter index obtained in S1 into the lumped parameter model and the finite element model to calculate the emission process and verify whether the emission can meet the requirements; S3. Prepare a multi-stage electromagnetic coil for use in the transmitter system based on parameter indicators that meet the requirements.

2. The design method of the multi-stage electromagnetic coil transmitter system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In S1, the launch performance refers to the launch quality and the launch speed; The method of back-calculating the parameter index of the multi-stage electromagnetic coil transmitter using the target genetic algorithm includes: S10, taking each level of electromagnetic coil as a component, and determining the initial values ​​of parameter indicators of each level of components of the transmitter system based on the input transmission performance and size constraints; S11, set the population size to 100, the crossover probability to 0.8, and the mutation probability to 0.1 to complete the initial settings; S12, encoding the parameters of each component to obtain individuals in the genetic algorithm; S13, based on the launch speed, temperature rise and stress constraints, the penalty function method is used to construct a fitness function to evaluate the performance of individuals under multi-objective constraints; S14, through the genetic operations of selection, crossover and mutation, to output the individuals with the highest fitness; S15, substitute the parameters corresponding to the output individuals in S14 into the lumped parameter model and the finite element model, verify the emission performance, temperature rise and stress, and end if satisfied, otherwise return to S12.

3. The design method of the multi-stage electromagnetic coil transmitter system as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: In S10, the parameter indicators include but are not limited to coil levels, coil length, coil spacing, capacitor voltage, and capacitor value.

4. The design method of the multi-stage electromagnetic coil transmitter system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In S13, the temperature rise constraint refers to comparing the calculated temperature rise values ​​of the coil and the armature during the launch process with the maximum allowed temperature rise, and if the limit is exceeded, the fitness is penalized; The stress constraint refers to comparing the calculated stress on the drive coil and the armature with the allowable stress of the material. If the allowable stress is exceeded, the adaptability is reduced accordingly.

5. The design method of the multi-stage electromagnetic coil transmitter system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In S15, the temperature rise verification refers to: calculating the coil temperature rise based on the calculated coil current to determine whether the temperature rise meets the material temperature resistance characteristics; The stress verification refers to calculating the maximum stress of the coil under the peak current in the electromagnetic-structural coupling field, and judging whether the maximum stress is less than the safety stress requirement of the coil material based on the fourth strength theory as the stress criterion.

6. The design method of a multi-stage electromagnetic coil transmitter system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In S15, the lumped parameter model includes a drive coil circuit and an armature matched therewith; Wherein, when performing calculations, the armature is composed of n slice-type circuit rings.

7. The design method of a multi-stage electromagnetic coil transmitter system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In S15, the emission result of the multi-stage coil is calculated by the following equation: In the above formula, U represents the voltage across the capacitors at each level, I is the current matrix in each current loop of the drive coil and the armature, L is the self-inductance of the drive coil and the mutual inductance matrix between each current loop of the armature, R is the resistance of each current loop of the drive coil and the armature, dM is the mutual inductance gradient between the drive coil and the armature current loop, v is the movement speed of the armature, C is the capacitance value of the capacitors at each level, G is the matrix describing the conduction state of the diode and the switch, and F a is the electromagnetic force on the armature, m a is the armature mass, x is the displacement in the direction of armature motion, I T is the transpose of the current matrix.

8. A multi-stage electromagnetic coil, which is prepared by the design method of the multi-stage electromagnetic coil transmitter system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: include: Multi-stage drive coils and pulse power supply modules matched with each stage of the drive coils; Wherein, the multi-stage driving coil comprises: A hollow insulating inner tube; Multiple layers of coils are wound around the outside of the insulating inner cylinder, and each layer of coils is separated by epoxy cylinders of different diameters; An annular end plate is arranged at both ends of each layer of epoxy cylinder and matches with the clamping ring protruding outward from the outside of the insulating inner cylinder; The annular end plate is flush with both ends of the insulating tube, connected to the end surface of the outermost epoxy tube, and the inner edge side of the annular end plate is fixedly connected to the connecting piece through a pressing block and a fastening mechanism.

9. A transmitter system, which uses the multi-stage electromagnetic coil as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: Also included is a hollow armature for inducing eddy currents to propel a load under electromagnetic force.

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